| Computer simulation (5) |  |
| Virtual reality (148) | |
Computer simulation makes a direct contribution to an economy's progress in terms of sustainability issues, particularly with regard to environmental protection, the scarcity of raw materials and the emergence of a low-carbon economy.
By giving them a second life as spare parts or complete systems this service reduces annual recycling volumes
%The consolidation or extreme virtualization of equipment makes it possible to do more with less, thereby taking the potential saving as high as 60%,if not higher.
pooling and outsourcing 14 The Innovation Biosphere of resources, development of outpatient medicine and telemedicine, rapid growth in secure storage needs, secure data processing and sharing, patient modeling and virtualization, personalized
Second life) and virtual game worlds (e g. World of Warcraft. Kane, Alavi, Labianca, and Borgatti (2014) define SM as information technologies that support interpersonal communication
developing computer models of the atmosphere to improve weather forecasting, and examining the effects of the environment on human health or lifestyle.
In the context both of globalisation and of the ever burgeoning presence of the virtual space and virtual worlds
and augmented and virtual reality) are enabling us to better contextualise our physical interactions with people,
This digitisation and virtualisation of museums, has created also new professional positions, such as cyber curators, that could not have existed ten years prior. 5. In the era of globalisation,
Value systems in the digital world A clear line between the real and the virtual world no longer exists.
/160 Second life Directory, http://wiki. secondlife. com/wiki/Second life education directory. 161 Meetups are intentional gatherings of people who share similar interests.
which was held in Second life. Participants attend as a‘virtual'version of themselves (an avatar), and 2 engage as these selves in cyberspace. 73) Webinars are a fairly simple device for organising seminars over the web.
and Global Warming, speaks to the crowd at Oneworld. net's‘Virtual Bali'initiative on Second life.
and Bed Zed in the UK. 254) Designing and trialling platforms to trigger systemic innovation including peer-to-peer models such as the School of Everything and digital learning environments such as colleges in second life. 255) Comprehensive pilots,
Cloud computing as a virtualisation infrastructure that offers unique opportunities to reduce the costs of delivering services over the Internet,
Cloud computing as a virtualisation infrastructure that offers unique opportunities to reduce the costs of delivering services over the Internet,
A Computer simulation, Organization Science, Vol. 8, No. 3 may-Jun.,1997), pp. 289-309 2 Andersen, M m.,(
such as new interaction technologies like Google glass, he says. But Herz says the firm was originally set up like a standard IT organization because of its strong focus on sales, marketing and logistics.
it changes the way services are delivered e g. remote learning or healthcare and diagnostics, simulation (training), virtual reality (architecture and design;
it changes the way services are delivered e g. remote learning or healthcare and diagnostics, simulation (training), virtual reality (architecture and design;
wearable technology such as Google glass and cloud computing can overcome the constraints of place, time and content in education.
Mobile technology, including wearable devices such as Google glass, enables the use of geo-location to foster deeply engaged learning.
Scientific habits of mind in virtual worlds. Journal of Science and Educational Technology. Retrieved on 18 april 2013 from http://website. education. wisc. edu/steinkuehler/papers/Steinkuehlerduncan2008. pdf Steinkuehler, C.,Martin, C,
The euheart project is building computer models of the diseased heart to personalise and optimise the selection of the most indicated treatment in several cardiovascular diseases such as heart failure and heart rhythm disorders,
Computer models integrate heart behaviour and the aorta at molecular, cellular, tissue and organ level. These models also incorporate knowledge about how the cardiovascular disease disturbs the correct functioning of the heart at these levels. http://www. euheart. eu Funded by the Seventh Framework Programme (FP7) Duration:
Fortunately, Plastic Logic has been saved'by a massive injection of £440 m (€530 m) from Russian investors, hopefully a second life for the business. 13 Furthermore,
however, this ignores the second life of copper. The second life of copper entails the use of new technologies,
including vectoring (based on advanced noise cancellation), pair bonding (which relies on a second copper pair being available),
purposeful conversations and working with virtual worlds to explore what RIS3 collaboration could mean for their regions, the importance of Open Innovation 2. 0, the role of universities in entrepreneurial discovery,
Augmented reality and virtual reality; Design and innovation, entrepreneurship schools. Basaksehir Living Lab Innovation and Technology Centre The Basaksehir Living Lab Innovation and Technology Centre building is constructed in Basaksehir
for example by offering virtual reality experiences of new dynamic lighting scenarios to citizens during the co-creation process.
Think of Google glass 1. Where are the hordes of people walking around with this sophisticated pair of glasses on their nose?
References (1) Google glass, http://www. google. com/glass/start/,2014.2) M. Curley and B. Salmelin,‘Open Innovation 2. 0:
It seems to occur that our smart phones are literally becoming the key not only to our virtual world,
and it is now spread globally as an open-source choice for virtual worlds. CIE with its collaborators is involved now in European Future Internet project FIWARE to further develop the platform,
2008), virtual worlds (Kaplan and Haenlein, 2010; Kohler et al. 2011), or idea and design contest and tournaments (Morgan and Wang, 2010) to support
Co-creation in virtual worlds: the design of the user experience, MIS Quarterly, 35 (3), pp. 773-788.41.
such as interactions with the real world through sensor/actuator networks, network virtualization and cloud computing, enhanced privacy and security features and advanced multimedia capabilities.
Higher degree of virtualisation for all systems: applications, services, networks, storage, content, resources and smart objects.
The Towards In-Network Clouds in Future Internet chapter explores the architectural co-existence of new and legacy services and networks, via virtualisation of connectivity and computation resources and self management capabilities,
On one hand, it aims at achieving a full interoperation among the different entities constituting the ICT environment, by means of the introduction of Semantic Virtualization Enablers.
, 3d videos, interactive environments, network gaming, virtual worlds, etc. compared to the quantity and type of data currently exchanged over the Internet.
This paper aims to explore the architectural co-existence of new and legacy services and networks, via virtualisation of connectivity and computation resources and self management capabilities,
In-Network Clouds, Virtualisation of Resources, Self management, Service plane, Orchestration plane and Knowledge plane. 1 Introduction The current Internet has been founded on a basic architectural premise, that is:
This paper aims to explore the architectural co-existence of new and legacy services and networks, via virtualisation of resources and self management capabilities,
In-Network virtualisation provides flexibility, promotes diversity, and promises security and increased manageability. We define In-Network clouds as an integral part of the differentiated Future Internet architecture,
Virtualisation Plane (VP), Management Plane (MP), Knowledge Plane (KP), Service Plane (SP), and Orchestration Plane (OP) as depicted in Fig. 1. These planes are new higher-level artefacts,
This implies that the Orchestration Plane may use very local knowledge to deserve a real time control as well as a more global knowledge to manage some long-term processes like planning. 2. 3 Virtualisation Plane Overview Virtualisation hides the physical characteristics 14,16 of the computing
This paper uses system virtualisation to provide virtual services and resources. System virtualisation separates an operating system from its underlying hardware resources;
resource virtualisation abstracts physical resources into manageable units of functionality. For example, a single physical resource can appear as multiple virtual resources (e g.,
, the concept of a virtual router, where a single physical router can support multiple independent routing processes by assigning different internal resources to each routing process;
Virtualisation enables optimisation of resource utilisation. However, this optimisation is confined to inflexible configurations within a single administrative domain.
This paper extends contemporary virtualisation approaches and aims at building an infrastructure in which virtual machines can be relocated dynamically to any physical node or server regardless of location, network,
The virtualisation plane consists of software mechanisms to abstract physical resources into appropriate sets of virtual resources that can be organised by the Orchestration Plane to form components (e g.,
the vspi and the vcpi (Virtualisation System Programming interface and Virtualisation Component Programming interface, respectively. A set of control loops is formed using the vspi and the vcpi,
Fig. 2. Virtualisation Control Loop Virtualisation System Programmability Interface (vspi. The vspi is used to enable the Orchestration Plane
Virtualisation Component Programming interface (vcpi. Each physical resource has associated an and distinct vcpi. The vcpi is fulfilling two main functions:
and to request virtual resources to be constructed from that physical resource by the vcpi of the Virtualisation Plane.
We note that the monitoring information retrieval is handled by the Virtualisation Plane. The reader collects the raw measurement data from all of the sensors of a CCP.
also part of the KP, provides functionality to add powerful and flexible monitoring facilities to system clouds (virtualisation of networks and services.
and service resources provided by an virtualisation environment. We have described also the management architectural and system model for our Future Internet,
Virtualisation Plane (VP), Management Plane (MP), Knowledge Plane (KP), Service Plane (SP) and Orchestration Plane (OP). The resulting software-driven control network
and relevant analysis on network virtualisation and service deployments were carried out on a large-scale testbed.
A vital component of such a virtualisation approach is a common management and monitoring interface of virtualised resources.
A Survey of Network Virtualization. Journal Computer networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking 54 (5)( 2010) 15.
Using System Virtualization to Create Virtualized Networks. Electronic communications of the EASST 17,1 12 (2009), http://journal. ub. tu-berl. asst/article/view/218/219 J. Domingue et al.
SHV) and special application areas (virtual reality experience sharing and gaming) will further boost this process and set new challenges to mobile networks.
or to put online gaming on the next level deeply impregnated with social networking and virtual reality. Even though video seems to be a major force behind the current traffic growth of the mobile Internet,
The relationships between Network Virtualisation and Federation 16 21 22 23 and the relationship between Service virtualisation (service clouds) and federation 17 are the support of a new world of solutions defining the Future Internet.
it aims at achieving a full interoperation among the different entities constituting the ICT environment, by means of the introduction of Semantic Virtualization Enablers,
Future Internet architecture, Cognitive networks, Virtualization, Interoperation. 1 Introduction Already in 2005, there was the feeling that the architecture
, users, contents, services, network resources, computing resources, device characteristics) via virtualization and data mining functionalities; the metadata produced in this way are then input of intelligent cognitive modules
the Semantic Virtualization Enablers and the Cognitive Enablers. The Cognitive Enablers represent the core of the Cognitive Framework
They interact with Actors, Resources and Applications through Semantic Virtualization Enablers. The Semantic Virtualization Enablers are in charge of virtualizing the heterogeneous Actors,
Resources and Applications by describing them by means of properly selected, dynamic, homogeneous, context-aware and semantic aggregated metadata.
on the basis of the aggregated metadata provided by the Semantic Virtualization Enablers, take consistent control
The control and management decisions taken by the Cognitive Enablers are handled by the Semantic Virtualization Enablers,
Cognitive Future Internet Framework Actors Users Network Providers Prosumer Developers Content Providers Service Providers Applications Semantic Virtualization Enablers Cognitive Enablers Identity
thanks to the aggregated semantic metadata provided by the Semantic Virtualization Enablers, the control and management functionalities included in the Cognitive Enablers have a technology-neutral, multi-layer, multi-network vision of the surrounding Actors, Resources and Applications.
With reference to Fig. 2, the Sensing, Metadata Handling, Actuation and API functionalities are embedded in the Semantic Virtualization Enablers,
Interoperation among heterogeneous entities is achieved by means of their virtualization, obtained thanks to the introduction of Semantic Virtualization Enablers.
At the same time, the Cognitive Enablers, which are the core of the Cognitive Managers, can potentially benefit from information coming from all layers of all networks
for example, 4ward, Autoi OSKMV planes (Orchestration, Service Enablers, Knowledge management and Virtualisation planes) and the Content-Centric can use this model collaboratively.
or end user at a time. 5 Enhancing the Framework One important development in telecoms is virtualisation. Although the basic idea is longstanding,
Virtualisation is not suitable for all types of software, for instance new transport layer functionality, such as MPTCP and CONEX,
Virtualisation should similarly lower the cost of distribution in other words, it eases deployment. Another aspect is the interaction of a new protocol with existing protocols.
FIA projects like RESERVOIR or VISION are conducting research on core technological foundations of the cloud-of-clouds such as federation technologies, interoperability standards or placement policies for virtual images or data
The chapter by Zseby et al. entitled Multipath Routing Experiments in Federated Testbeds demonstrates the practical usefulness of federation and virtualisation in heterogeneous testbeds.
In such an environment federation and virtualization of resources are key features that should be supported in a future Internet.
Network Virtualization (NV) techniques 5, 17 allow the establishment of such separate slices on top of a joint physical infrastructure (substrate.
Routing slices as an architectural concept is known as Transport Virtualization (TV) 23,24. These concepts have roots in the work on active networks,
Overcoming the internet impasse through virtualization. IEEE Computer, 34 41 (April 2005) 6. Anerousis, N.,Hjlmtysson, G.:
Network virtualization: Breaking the performance barrier. ACM Queue,(Jan./Feb. 2008) 18. Santos, T.,Henke, C.,Schmoll, C.,Zseby.
Re-sequencing Buffer Occupancy of a Concurrent Multipath Transmission Mechanism for Transport System Virtualization. In:
Using Concurrent Multipath Transmission for Transport Virtualization: Analyzing Path Selection. In: Proceedings of the 22nd International Teletraffic Congress (ITC), Amsterdam, Netherlands (Sep. 2010) J. Domingue et al.
providing a natural complement to the virtualization of resources-by setting up and tearing down composed services, based on negotiated SLAS.
providing an accurate reflection of the real world, delivering fine-grained information and enabling almost real-time interaction between the virtual world and real world.
new methods (related to embedded and/or autonomous management, virtualization of systems and network resources, advanced and cognitive networking of information objects),
Future Internet, Virtualization, Dynamic Provisioning, Virtual Infrastructures, Convergence, Iaas, Optical Network, Cloud 1 Introduction Over the years, the Internet has become a central tool for society.
and the virtualization paradigm with dynamic network provisioning as a way towards such a sustainable future Internet.
Central to this novel architecture is the infrastructure virtualization layer which abstracts, partitions and interconnects infrastructure resources contained in the physical infrastructure layer.
and managing the network resources constituting the Virtual Infrastructure) is closely interacting with the virtualization layer. 3. Finally,
Finally, another key element for the control plane is the interaction with the infrastructure-virtualization layer,
A Novel Architecture for Virtualization and Co-Provisioning of Dynamic Optical Networks and IT Services.
We assume a virtualisation-enabled data centre style configuration of server capacity, and a broad range of services in terms of relative priority, resource requirement and longevity.
Knowledge management and Virtualisation planes), presented in 3, to better monitor the networks, as the semantic information can directly be handled by the Net-Ontology and DL-Ontology layers.
like the Diverter, the Session Broker and the Virtualisation Broker. There are many others but these are essentials.
Based on virtualization, the network can offer enhanced transport and adaptation-capable services. This chapter will introduce
9. The virtualisation as a powerful tool to overcome the Internet ossification by creating overlays is discussed in 10-11.
while a more radical approach can also be envisaged towards full virtualization (i e. independent management and control per VCAN).
Overcoming the Internet Impasse through Virtualization. Computer 38 (4), 34 41 (2005) 11. Chowdhury, N m.,Boutaba, R.:
Network Virtualization: State of the art and Research Challenges. IEEE Communications Magazine 47 (7), 20 26 (2009) 12.
Management and technical policies will be developed to leverage virtualization which helps to migrate virtual infrastructure resources from one site to another based on power availability.
in comparison to electronic equipments such as routers and aggregators 4. The migration of virtual data centers over network nodes is indeed a result of a convergence of server and network virtualizations as virtual infrastructure management.
and converges server and network virtualizations. Whilst most of cloud management solutions in the market focus particularly on computing resources,
Renewable Energy Provisioning for ICT Services in a Future Internet 427 5 Federated Network GSN takes advantage of the virtualization to link virtual resources together to span multiple cloud and substrate types.
Virtualization techniques are shown to be the most appropriate solution to manage such a network and to migrate data centers following green energy source availability,
Digital cities, from digital representation of cities, virtual cities, digital metaphor of cities, cities of avatars, second life cities, simulation (sim) city.
which was held in Second life. Participants attend as a‘virtual'version of themselves (an avatar), and 2 engage as these selves in cyberspace. 73) Webinars are a fairly simple device for organising seminars over the web.
and Global Warming, speaks to the crowd at Oneworld. net's‘Virtual Bali'initiative on Second life.
and Bed Zed in the UK. 254) Designing and trialling platforms to trigger systemic innovation including peer-to-peer models such as the School of Everything and digital learning environments such as colleges in second life. 255) Comprehensive pilots,
102 5. 5. 3 Virtualization Strategy...103 5. 5. 4 Bring Your Own Device BYOD Strategy...
allowing a seamless integration of the virtual world of social networks and playground as part of their own everyday life.
and specialized software applications 2. It is the latest development in the computing models that performs computing functions on multilevel virtualization and abstraction by integrating many IT resources.
Virtualization can be important for cloud computing by enabling virtual machine migration to balance the load throughout the data center.
brand damage and productivity loss. 4. Virtualization issues Virtualization is very important in the cloud computing to achieve its goal of sharing resources.
Virtualization of enterprise servers introduces considerable security concerns. Associating multiple servers with one host removes the physical separation between servers,
As for Application Streaming solutions, they can be considered a kind of application virtualization. Indeed, they are basically an on-demand service distribution,
Finally, Mobile device Virtualization solutions are a kind of hardware virtualization, allowing, e g.,, the use of two or more operating systems on the same mobile device.
thus, not guaranteeing fast delivery of the service Mobile device virtualization The device can be used safely, even for personal purposes,
References 1. Craig C (2013) Beyond Google glass: get ready for more wearable computers. Infoworld 2. Meeker M, Wu L (2013) Internet trends D11 conference 3. Samson T (2013) IDC:
using virtualization to reduce application deployment costs by reducing testing efforts and decreasing the time that is needed to deploy apps. 3 Chapter 3 on mobile services provide further insights
which is desktop virtualization that separates the desktop environment and associated application software from the physical client device that is used to access it 5. 5. 3 Virtualization Strategy This strategy enables enterprises to quickly achieve business benefits gained from IT consumerization by moving the desktop and/or applications into a data center.
This strategy makes it easier to provide new desktops but it requires investment in the infrastructure that supports it.
protecting user information, using virtualization technologies that include desktop virtualization and application streaming, and finally, delivering the required applications to privately owned devices by using application gateways
enabling such strategy includes new technologies such as serverbased virtualization for application streaming and user state virtualization for a great cross-device experience 16.
Companies that provide desktop virtualization solutions include information technology giants. One example of these companies is Cisco,
which provides Desktop Virtualization with collaboration with Citrix Xendesktop solution and desktop virtualization with cooperation with VMWARE View solution.
or local) Virtual workspace (server or local) Access to hosted desktop Access to hosted desktop Public access apps Remote desktop Session roaming Session roaming Remote apps Apps virtualization
Apps virtualization VDI Roaming environment Roaming environment Data synchronization Data synchronization VDI VDI Adapted from 16 5. 7 Considerations Related to IT Consumerization 105 Therefore,
and the society themself that are developing accordingly with the new online or virtual world and opportunities.
It can be looked to as an example of how it is possible for manufacturing cities to find a second life through innovation and new technology.
privacy research, organizational engineering, and wearable computing (Google glass. His research has been featured in Nature, Science, and Harvard Business Review,
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