A provisional framework for analysing relationships between social innovation and digital technologies Title: A provisional framework for analysing relationships between social innovation
and expanding communitiesdemocratizing access to emerging technologiessmart Citizen Kittorchaos Computer Clubtable 5 29 The spread of organisation types across organisations on the map are represented in Table 6
Chaos Computer Club (CCC), Europe's largest network of Hackers, is the most prominent example of grassroots communities coming together to develop
the club also fights for free access to computers and technological infrastructure for everybody. The latest gathering of the CCC in 2012 in Hamburg, Germany, brought together 6,
organized by the Chaos Computer Club (CCC)( GE), an informal association of hackers from across Europe.
The Chaos Computer Club (CCC) hosts the annual Chaos Communication Congress, the largest hacker congress in Europe.
computer-friendly formats for anyone to download, use, and analyse, as long as the privacy and data protection of all citizens is preserved
or they can communicate with software running on a computer (e g. Flash, Processing, Maxmsp. 59 The boards can be built by hand
and information presentation to users by means of mobile and web-based devices such as smartphones, computers and sensors.
Web scraping (web harvesting or web data extraction) is a computer software technique of extracting information from websites.
The Open Garden app is free for anyone to install on his or her smartphone, tablet or computer,
Over 2 Million Organisation Name Raspberry Pi Short Description Raspberry Pi is an ultra-low-cost credit card-sized fully-functioning computer.
a team based at the University of Cambridge's Computer Laboratory. The idea behind the Raspberrypi came about as a way to try
and interacting with computers, as the team was concerned about the yearon-year decline in the numbers
Upton and the Raspberry Pi team sought to develop a tiny, cheap computer for kids
only if you opened up your computer and looked at its internal boards). Although seemingly basic in design, it has needed all the components to connect input,
Its small size and portability make it suitable for applications that other computers can't reach. 187 It has very low power consumption,
Other than the fact that the demand for the Raspberry Pi computers have exceeded far the team's original predicted figure of 10
For this reason Raspberry Pi computers have already been used as as learning tools in the context of various developing countries such as Afghanistan, Cameroon and Bhutan.
On 18th of November it was announced that over 2m Raspberry Pi computers have been sold globally since going on sale for around £30 in February 2012.
and the Wolfram Language installed into future Rasbian images, making Raspberry Pi devices a first-class platform for teaching computer-based mathematics techniques to children of all ages.
plug it into the tiny computer, and connect to a shared Wi-fi to access Coder through Chrome.
and you connect to your employer's computers to check or send mail, you can inadvertently reveal your national origin
USG staff cited outdated computers, browsers as well as Internet communication security policy as significant obstacles to accessing the UHP website and data streams.
Unlike many early Internet-based citizen science projects (such as SETI@home which used spare computer processing power to analyse data, known as volunteer computing,
Some of the most important data is in forms that computers still can't process,
and expanding communitiesdemocratizing access to emerging technologiessmart Citizen Kittorchaos Computer Clubtable 5 29 The spread of organisation types across organisations on the map are represented in Table 6
Chaos Computer Club (CCC), Europe's largest network of Hackers, is the most prominent example of grassroots communities coming together to develop
the club also fights for free access to computers and technological infrastructure for everybody. The latest gathering of the CCC in 2012 in Hamburg, Germany, brought together 6,
organized by the Chaos Computer Club (CCC)( GE), an informal association of hackers from across Europe.
The Chaos Computer Club (CCC) hosts the annual Chaos Communication Congress, the largest hacker congress in Europe.
computer-friendly formats for anyone to download, use, and analyse, as long as the privacy and data protection of all citizens is preserved
or they can communicate with software running on a computer (e g. Flash, Processing, Maxmsp. 59 The boards can be built by hand
and information presentation to users by means of mobile and web-based devices such as smartphones, computers and sensors.
Web scraping (web harvesting or web data extraction) is a computer software technique of extracting information from websites.
The Open Garden app is free for anyone to install on his or her smartphone, tablet or computer,
Over 2 Million Organisation Name Raspberry Pi Short Description Raspberry Pi is an ultra-low-cost credit card-sized fully-functioning computer.
a team based at the University of Cambridge's Computer Laboratory. The idea behind the Raspberrypi came about as a way to try
and interacting with computers, as the team was concerned about the yearon-year decline in the numbers
Upton and the Raspberry Pi team sought to develop a tiny, cheap computer for kids
only if you opened up your computer and looked at its internal boards). Although seemingly basic in design, it has needed all the components to connect input,
Its small size and portability make it suitable for applications that other computers can't reach. 187 It has very low power consumption,
Other than the fact that the demand for the Raspberry Pi computers have exceeded far the team's original predicted figure of 10
For this reason Raspberry Pi computers have already been used as as learning tools in the context of various developing countries such as Afghanistan, Cameroon and Bhutan.
On 18th of November it was announced that over 2m Raspberry Pi computers have been sold globally since going on sale for around £30 in February 2012.
and the Wolfram Language installed into future Rasbian images, making Raspberry Pi devices a first-class platform for teaching computer-based mathematics techniques to children of all ages.
plug it into the tiny computer, and connect to a shared Wi-fi to access Coder through Chrome.
and you connect to your employer's computers to check or send mail, you can inadvertently reveal your national origin
USG staff cited outdated computers, browsers as well as Internet communication security policy as significant obstacles to accessing the UHP website and data streams.
Unlike many early Internet-based citizen science projects (such as SETI@home which used spare computer processing power to analyse data, known as volunteer computing,
Some of the most important data is in forms that computers still can't process,
Consumers themselves, with their increased use of the computer and of mobile devices such as tablets and smartphones, are changing dramatically in terms of behaviour and expectations as shoppers.
Consumers need a computer or mobile device and access to high-speed internet for shopping online. If a consumer wants to buy online he often needs to make an account, needs an e-mail address, needs an online payment method etc.;
if Hazadous Reduced Regulatory Requirement Requires County License Hazardous Flourescent Tubes Batteries Computers Electronics Silver Wastes Oil Antifreeze Special Wastes Solvents Electroplating Manufacture Process PCB,
the famous observation of Robert Solow that You can see the computer age everywhere but in the productivity statistics*.
Another major problem is that many growth accounting studies assume that buying a new computer instantly has a positive impact on productivity a notion that seems at odds with most organisations'experience.
and vote online using flat-screen computer terminals. Digital documentation has replaced paper in preparations for cabinet sessions,
%respondents) Financial services 16 Telecoms, software and computer services 14 Professional services 12 Construction and real estate 8 Healthcare, pharmaceuticals and biotechnology 8 Automotive 4
As the powers of computers advance rapidly, new technologies will be tested, evaluated and modified on-line before physical equipment is constructed.
an analysis of differences in computer and internet penetration, National Bureau of Economic Research, 2006.
A Sociological Assessment of Trends and Causes,"Social science Computer Review, Vol. 21, No. 2 may 1, 2003,2003, pp. 144-161. http://ssc. sagepub. com/content/21/2/144. abstract Du, Y,
future scenarios and future directions for education and technology,"Journal of computer assisted learning, Vol. 26, No. 1, 2010, pp. 74-93.
Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 17: 319 336. doi: 10.1111/j. 1083-6101.2012.01574. x Goerres, A. 2007), Why are Older People More Likely to Vote?
Understanding and addressing the concerns of stakeholders,"Computers & Security, Vol. 30, No. 8, 2011, pp. 803-814. http://www. sciencedirect. com/science/article/pii/S016740481100085x Mathers, C. D,
and life satisfaction, Computers in Human Behavior, Vol. 30, pp. 69 78. O'neill, Brian C.,Deborah Balk, Melanie Brickman,
although most of the major hospitals and the medical schools use computers for administrative purposes. ICTS have impacted greatly the health sector
and transportation of textual information using stand-alone computers. Some of the healthcare systems that have been developed include billing, financial systems, patient registration, computer based record systems and pharmacy systems.
Most of lab equipment and radiology equipment are computerized now and linked through data networks. Telemedicine which uses telecommunication
Healthnet one of the most widely implemented computer-based telecommunications systems in Sub-saharan africa, currently is being used in over 30 countries by around 10,000 healthcare workers to exchange ideas
performance achievements) Out of the health facilities that were visited only two (2) private hospitals used computers for the registration of patients.
None of the health facilities used computers to process immunisation activities. Seven (7) out of the eight (8) health facilities had documented a well plan on immunisation activities
Medical personnel most commonly use computers like accountants and secretaries. Until 1993, Uganda had centralized a health information system (HIS)
Districts that have a computer and resources to maintain it, are provided with an easy spreadsheet based system for compiling monthly and annual reports.
Shaping computer mediated social relations, Routledge, London Kasozi, M. and Nkuuhe, J. 2003. Uganda Chartered Healthnet promotes healthcare using Handheld devices.
Testing the use of handheld computers for heathcare in Ghana, Uganda, and Kenya. Report published:
The most innovative industries, such as computers, instruments and pharmaceuticals also tend to be the most R&d intensive (Audretsch, 1995.
yet contribute considerably to innovation in newly emerging industries like biotechnology and computer software (Audretsch, 1995).
On the high-tech front, they make parallel-processing computers for Japan and satellite receivers for Germany.""12 41.
individuals move easily from semiconductor to disk drive firms or from computer to network makers. They move from established firms to start-ups (or vice versa) and even to market research or consulting firms,
and utilize computers (81,94) %and access & use the Internet (80.83%)in their activities. Three quarters of SMES use the electronic mail
Others Intranet Selling/shopping online None of the above Own website E-mail Internet Computers 518 Nelu Eugen Popescu/Procedia Economics and Finance 16 (2014) 512
the cost of R&d activities, lack of funds (or insufficient funds) and incertitude about the evolution of demand for new and innovative goods. Most SMES use computers, Internet and the e-mail in their business activities
http://www. cpc. unc. edu/services/computer/presentations/mi presentation2. pdf 42 Use the completed data X and the model to estimate the parameter of interest (e g. the mean) ß
Forman E. H. 1983), The analytic hierarchy process as a decision support system, Proceedings of the IEEE Computer society. 41.
Computer Physics Communications, 145,280-297.122. Saltelli, A.,Chan, K. and Scott, M. 2000a) Sensitivity analysis, Probability and Statistics series, New york:
such as digital data processing (the first computer was invented in the 1940s) or cellular telephone communication (the technological principles have been discovered in the 1920s).
b) computer-integrated manufacturing: co-occurrence of G06 and any of A21c, A22b, A22c, A23n, A24c, A41h, A42c, A43d, B01f, B02b, B02c, B03b, B03d, B05c, B05d, B07b, B08b, B21b
The other refers to computer-integrated manufacturing processes. While the former can be identified directly through IPC classes,
Applicants from East asia have a very strong industry focus on electronics (incl. computer, semiconductor and telecommunication) and instruments (optical, medical, measurement.
80 90 100 Europe North america East asia Row Total Public Research*Computer/Semiconductor Telecommunication Other Electronics Instruments Chemicals Pharmaceuticals Nanotech Biotech
percentage points)- 15-10-505 10 15 20 Europe North america East asia Row Total Public Research*Computer/Semiconductor Telecommunication Other Electronics Instruments
The electronics industry (sum of computer, semiconductor, telecommunication and other electronics) is the largest applicant sector for nanoelectronics, nanooptics and nanomagnetics.
research 31 25 33 39 25 22 45 Computer/semiconductor 1 18 3 8 8 19 6 Telecommunication 0 4
The largest applicant in North america is a computer company followed by a university and a diversified materials producer largely based on chemical technologies.
FR government 111 1 Hewlett-packard US computer 107 2 L'oreal FR chemicals 57 2 Univ. of California US research 90 3
US chemicals 42 9 Philips NL electronics 33 9 IBM US computer 37 10 Arkema FR chemicals 31 10 Univ
JP telecommunication 56 8 Fujitsu JP computer 52 9 Fujifilm JP chemicals 47 10 Seiko JP instruments 40 11 Pioneer
JP electronics 35 12 Toshiba JP computer 32 13 Showa Denko JP chemicals 29 14 TDK JP electronics 27 15
these industry sectors are semiconductors, computer, telecommunication, instruments, chemicals, automotive, defence, machinery, other materials, research,
70 80 90 100 Europe North america East asia Total Other Electronics Semiconductors Computer Telecommunication Instruments Chemicals Automotive Defence Machinery Other Materials
and for computer manufacturers in North america and East asia. European Competitiveness in KETS ZEW and TNO EN 118error!
Other Electronics Semiconductors Computer Telecommunication Instruments Chemicals Automotive Defence Machinery Other Materials Research Source: EPO:
IT semiconductor 724 2 IBM US computer 645 3 ASML NL semiconductor 568 3 Intel US semiconductor 615 4 Philips NL
423 10 NXP NL semiconductor 193 10 Hewlett-packard US computer 395 11 S. O. I. Tec FR semiconductor 153 11
JP electronics 1392 3 Samsung Electronics KR electronics 1077 4 Fujitsu JP computer 903 5 Nikon JP instruments 736 6
the use in computers has decreased relatively. Nevertheless, Figure 4-20 shows that with a share of almost 40 percent of total sales (2007), computers still dominate the final use for semiconductors,
followed by the telecom market segment with around 25 percent. Figure 4-20: Worldwide semiconductor sales 2007, by market segment (percent) Industrial and military 8. 2%Consumer 20.5%Automotive 6. 3%Telecom 25.5%Computer 39.6%Source:
OECD, based on Semiconductor Industry Association (SIA. European Competitiveness in KETS ZEW and TNO EN 124error!
and for computer manufacturers in North america and East asia. In Europe, patenting activities are concentrated highly among a few firms compared to North america and East asia.
and image guided systems make use of computer tomography in navigated surgery. Laser diagnosis and treatments in ophthalmology, dermatology and other medical fields have evolved into standard procedures.
Ultimately, photonics even promises to completely replace microelectronics as the technology that computers use to‘think'(optical computing), leading to a huge increase in performance (EC, 2008a.
The electronics industry (incl. computer and semiconductor) and the optical industry (including lighting, cable and solar cells manufacturers) together account for almost 60 percent of total photonic patents.
Telecommunication Semiconductor/computer Other Electronics Chemicals Glass/ceramics Other Materials Machinery/instruments Vehicles/defence Public research Source:
/cable/solar Lighting Telecommunication Semiconductor/computer Other Electronics Chemicals Glass/ceramics Other Materials Machinery/instruments Vechicles/defence Public research Source:
Other electronics (i e. electronics companies not specialised in telecommunication, semiconductors, computers or lighting) is the most important applicant sector for all four subfields in photonics. 30 percent of all lighting patents
21 17 21 Lighting 17 5 2 1 Telecommunication 2 2 18 11 Semiconductor/computer 5 9 10 6 Other
FR government 172 8 Honeywell US machinery 179 9 Inf ineon DE semiconductors 169 9 Hewlett-packard US computer 174 10
Seminconductor Energy JLPAB. semiconductors 358 13 Pioneer JP electronics 357 14 Fujitsu JP computer 353 15 NEC JP telecommunication 336
i e. computer-integrated, technologies into manufacturing processes that allow for a vertical integration of planning, engineering design, control, production and distribution processes.
Robotics, automation technologies and computer-integrated manufacturing are the keywords for AMT. Industries in which AMT are important can
B23p, B23q) computer integrated manufacturing (G06 and at least one of the following classes: A21c, A22b, A22c, A23n, A24c, A41h, A42c, A43d, B01f, B02b, B02c, B03b, B03d, B05c, B05d, B07b, B08b, B21b, B21d, B21f
EN computer-integrated manufacturing and robotics. What is more, a number of large electronics companies have important automation businesses (e g.
In the 1980s and 1990s several countries run programmes that supported the diffusion of computer-integrated manufacturing technologies
the CIO at US computer company Oracle, is also the Vice-chairman of the Utah Technology Council,
49,999 22%50,000 and more 19%23%Software, hardware and computer services Banking and financial services 19%8%Chemical, bio-and medical technology 14%Telecommunication operators
including such activities as finance, insurance, computer-related activities, R&d, advertising, marketing, accounting and consultancy.
%Computer Electronic and Optical Products Machinery and 1%Equipment 9%Transport Equipment 1%Other Manufacturing ICT Services 9%3%Business and Other Services
Chemicals and Chemical Products 22%Rubber and Plastic Products 3%Basic and Fabricated Metal Products 3%Computer, Electronic and Optical Products 9%Machinery and Equipment
including such activities as finance, insurance, computer-related activities, R&d, advertising, marketing, accounting and consultancy.
nurses & midwives 1 2 16 0 0 19 Other health associate professionals 1 0 1 0 0 2 Computer analyst
These pioneers were developing a wide range of creative digital learning tools such computer algorithms for analyzing student writing
Wayne Danielson of the University of Texas applied artificial intelligence (AI) to create an early tool for generating computer-written haikus.
and specialize in activities that computers cannot, at least at this time. Reporters need to focus more on rigorous, enterprise and investigative reporting.
) Nonverbal communication and computer mediated communication to enhance online learning. Retrieved on 9 june 2013 from http://sloanconsortium. org/conferences/2011/aln/nonverbal-communication
-and-computer-mediated-communication-enhance-online-lear Helfand, D. J. 2013). The social conquest of general education.
, computer hardware, computer software, and personnel)( Krishnan and Sriram 2000). Over time, firms that invest more than their competitors in IT tend to realize greater returns from the marketplace (Bharadwaj 2000.
The Contingency Theory of‘Fit'and IT Implementation in Small and Medium Enterprises, Journal of Computer Information systems 45 (3), 88 95.
Google has built already one of the world's largest networks of computers and data centres for online-search results,
Lowcost home 3d manufacturing tools (3d printers, CNC computer numeric control machines), free CAD/CAM software, like Blender, 123d or Sketchup,
organised by the Chaos Computer Club (CCC) 11, an informal association of hackers from across Europe.
The Chaos Computer Club (CCC), Europe's largest network of hackers, is the most prominent example of grassroots communities coming together to develop
the club also fights for free access to computers and technological infrastructure for everybody. The latest gathering of the CCC in 2012 in Hamburg, Germany, brought together 6, 000 participants.
The Chaos Computer Club (CCC) HACKERS NETWORKS 34 Growing a Digital Social Innovation Ecosystem for Europe The World wide web Consortium (W3c), an international community that works on developing
computer-friendly formats for anyone to download, use, and analyse, as long as the privacy and data protection of all citizens is preserved
-Jahreskongresses-29c3-des-Chaos-Computer-Clubs-CCC. jpg Accessed 29th january 2015 Page 34 http://www. e-living. net/sites/default/files
and e-business (see Chapter 3). Basic ICT infrastructure Nearly all companies which use computers in the TLS sector said in 2007 that they were con E-business in the transport & logistics industry 6 nected to the internet (97%).
and other public or private organisations, conducted over computer-mediated networks. The goods and services are ordered over those networks,
and other public or private organisations, conducted over computer-mediated networks. OECD) E-business: automated business processes (both intra-and inter-firm) over computer mediated networks.
OECD) e-Interactions: covers the full range of e-transactions as well as collaborative business processes. such as collaborative online design processes which are not directly transaction focused.
The OECD WPIIS12 proposes a definition of e-business as"automated business processes (both intra-and inter-firm) over computer mediated networks"(OECD, 2004, p. 6). In addition,
and monitoring of freight haulage for terminals as well as for all other service providers of intermodal transport chains is one of the most challenging application domains for computer and business sciences in the transportation sector.
These systems span from simple computer automation systems to high-end feature-rich management programs that improve order picking,
%which use computers in the TLS sector said that they are connected to Internet. Exhibit 3. 1-4 Internet access and bandwidth (2007) Of those:
The adoption of internal computer networks is a first step towards the computer integration of business processes.
A computer network is composed of multiple connected computers that communicate over a wired or wireless (Local area networks LAN,
the use of ICT to connect computers internally to a company network increases with company size.
and interoperability by and for SMES. 3. 3. 3 Use of Open source Software The open source model Open source software (OSS) is computer software
This allows for the use of existing network structures and inexpensive personal computers with almost any operating system as workplace computer.
%Companies using computers. N (for sector, EU-7)= 997. Weighting: Totals (for the sector and for all 7 sectors) are weighted by firms.
A typical ERP system will use multiple components of computer software and hardware to achieve the integration.
E-business in the transport & logistics industry 65 has legal implications to both transacting parties. e-invoicing is mediated a computer transaction between a seller/invoicer (invoicing entity) and a buyer/payer (receiving entity),
such as barcode scanners, mobile computers, wireless LANS and potentially RFID to efficiently monitor the flow of products.
%Companies using computers and which have the respective business function asked. N (for sector, EU-7)= 970 Weighting:
%Companies using computers and saying that only some or none of their processes are conducted as e-business.
(and the implied computer usage) is related to the LAN, WLAN and own company website adoption.
and statistics on the operations, using the information downloaded from the machines and consolidated in the computers of the company,
of computers in the year 2000. In this year the company had four computers operating. The computerisation of the main business processes of the company started in the year 2000 and now,
in 2008 the company has more than 50 computers. The big change in the computer adoption in the last has eight years has been the computerisation of all the processes.
This long and complex process has replaced previous manual processes with automated processes using computer systems and applications.
The computerisation of processes has represented a major operational change for the company. This centralised information system started as an e-business system project in the third quarter of 2007.
The technical backbone of this centralised information system are two high E-business in the transport & logistics industry 124 capacity computer servers (from Hewlett packard) in the central company office.
They are connected with all computers in centres with offices and ticketing offices. This way, AISA collects
Since the 1980s, with the introduction of the first computers in the ticket sales area, ALSA has been developing its current modern e-business and ICT systems.
The company introduced the first computers in the sales area in the 1980s. These computers were dedicated mainly to the ticket selling systems, the first E-business in the transport & logistics industry 135 implementation of ICT technology in the company in this department.
Since the year 2000 ALSA started the ticket sales system via internet (based on a B2c platform.
the sales system sends the inquiry (entered by a CFR employee into the computer) to the reservation system
putting them together into a load by taking into account all different factors and constraints and entering the whole data into the computer.
1050 vehicles with computers, GPS systems and meter measuring systems, 350 stops with signs, 12 depots with dispatch systems to upload
Nearly all TLS companies (97%)which use computers in the TLS sector are connected to Internet.
The Intangible Costs and Benefits of Computer Investments: Evidence from the Financial Markets. Atlanta, Georgia:
The Dynamo and the Computer: An Historical Perspective on the Modern Productivity Paradox, American Economic Review, Vol. 80 (2), 355-61.
Schreyer, P. 2002), Computer price indices and international growth and productivity comparisons, Review of Income andwealth, Series 48, No.
using computer-aided telephone interview (CATI) technology. The overall survey was divided into four separate projects (each using a separate questionnaire) focussing on different sectors
the survey considered only companies that used computers. For the first time, a cut off was introduced with regard to company size.
The highest level of the population was the set of all computer-using enterprises (and, in Project 1
and whose primary business activity was covered by one of the five sectors specified in the NACE Rev. 1. 1. 129 Evidence from previous surveys shows that computer use can be expected to reach 99%or more among medium-sized and large firms
24,25 911 911 1. 2 Steel 27.1-3, 27.51-52 449 1. 3 Furniture 36.12-14 Companies which have at least 10 employees and use computers
63.11+12+40 Companies that use computers 1, 097 Sampling frame and method For each sector
1 9 1 6 24 1. 8 Company does not use computers 35 75 32 76 35 5 110 398 1. 9 Company
Overtext Web Module V3.0 Alpha
Copyright Semantic-Knowledge, 1994-2011