| Engineer (35) |  |
| Engineering (129) | |
| Engineering research (3) | |
| Engineering science (6) | |
| Engineer (35) | |
| Engineering (129) | |
| Engineering research (3) | |
| Engineering science (6) | |
In the DC-3 case engineers were singled out as the drivers of the development. In other situations, it may be a continuing product-use combination (cf. the recent trajectory of mobile telephony),
How to Follow Scientists and Engineers Through Society, Open University Press, Milton Keynes, 1987.25 B. Latour, Reassembling the Social:
training the future generation of researchers, engineers, managers (including R&d managers), experts, and policy-makers (among many other fields, for STI policies);
and technology databases are very heterogeneous in character Technologists have a wealth of tacit knowledge, built upon practice,
The role of scientists, engineers, and innovators is to enhance the coherence of this network.
Polanyi's account of science and technology has technologists laboring at the interface of claims,
consulting engineers and regional and national regulatory bodies. The highly localized and fragmented character of this organizational structure is illustrated by the fact that each of the 2500 communities runs their sewer systems
but it is expressed not normally in engineer-style descriptions as in Box 1 2. Instrumental vs. informative outcomes o Instrumental outcomes refer to the use of foresight to support the specific foreseen decision making situation,
According to the results, the Finnish politicians are consistently more optimistic than professional engineers or company executives about the country's techno-economic development.
One medic was quoted saying The technologists missed the boat early on, they should have listened to user needs rather than contemplating far off utopian and dystopian sci-fi futures Consequence of division of RRI labour:
researchers, technologists, and some managers (e g.,, occasional users of the databases and analytical tools! decision-makers (e g.,
One would think that scientists, engineers, and technology managers would naturally pursue empirical means to manage R&d and its transition into effective innovations.
Provide each researcher, development engineer, project manager, intellectual property analyst, etc. with direct, desktop access to a couple of most useful S&t information databases.!
chief engineer for the development of one of Toyota's recent concept cars, complains that young people today pay more attention to cell phones than to cars.
from which it is possible to reverse engineer at least some of the knowledge that informed the scenario work.
Experts (engineers, designers, social analysts, political actors) are seen as possessing particularly valued-and sometimes privileged knowledge.
Just as engineers first scoffed at them (roadmaps, T. F), . so will some scientists. But who better than scientists to experiment with an experiment that can strengthen sciences'support
stories of heroic innovators emerge telling howsms functionalitywas devised by clever engineers in the GSM standardisation groups in the mid-1980s.3 Downloaded by University of Bucharest at 04:52 03 december 2014 Foresight in an unpredictable
I. Tuomi A similar story underlies the GSM short messaging example Engineers first define a standard that allows short messages to be delivered using the GSM control channel.
For example, engineers often create a working artefact before its theoretical underpinning (science) is understood fully: that is simply an example of a known unknown in science.
and circulate amongst engineers, board rooms, research institutes and policy circles (Borup et al. 2006; Van Lente and Bakker 2010.
and how this affects the decisions of engineers, businesses and governments. It investigates how researchers,
'For the involved engineers, the uncertainty is relatively high: they know all the details, conditions and assumptions.
These different pieces of insight are matched finally through an interactive process that brings the social researchers from Philips Design and the technologists from Philips Research together with the business managers from all the product divisions of the company.
including R&d level, contribution to innovative relevant projects, availability of human resources (researchers, engineers and technicians), required level of funding and fixed assets.
contribution to innovative relevant projects, availability of human resources (researchers, engineers and technicians), required level of funding, fixed assets and others Estimation of resources and risks List
Scientists (particularly natural scientists and technologists) often tend to consider subjectivity, e g. experts opinions as a disturbance to be avoided,
The BMBF commissions the Association of German Engineers Technology Center (VDI-TZ), a subsidiary company of the Association of German Engineers (VDI),
As a mechanical engineer she has conducted various foresight projects on future prospects for industrial production and on research and innovation patterns on behalf of government authorities
and engineers test and modify products in close collaboration with end-users in a real-life or a real-as-life setting Projects 3. 3 Testbeds and simulation tools Integrates hardware and software platforms and simulation tools across companies in order to test applications,
The implication of this project is that it has creatte a new network of knowledgeable and concerned scientists and technologists in the field of biosecurity in the Asia-pacific region.
More than two thousand scientists, engineers, policy experts, corporate executives, officials from universities, ministries, and corporations participated in the strategic studies.
Improving the robustness and dynamics of the R&i ecology to address (global) disruptions and engineer breakthroughs.
engineers and scientists that can be, in a slightly exaggerated way, formulated as‘Let's drive this interesting and fascinating technology further.
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