The multidisciplinary team was able to 3d print custom silicone guides infused with biochemical cues that proved to effectively regrow nerve tissue in lab rats.
as well as any food-paste extrusion, silicon, alginate, resins and, yes, cellular hydrogels for bioprinting. A team of scientists at the University of Florida,
especially in the case of biomaterials. olding material within the gel negates the effects of surface tension, gravity,
a fisheries research biologist at the National Marine Fisheries Service in California. The opah Lampris guttatus has a global range that includes the southern waters of Australia and swims at depths between 10 and 450 metres.
in which progerin is linked to telomeresepetitive DNA sequences that protect the ends of human chromosomes
and gene expression differences induced by progerin. However, telomerase could not rescue the loss of heterochromatin.
Usually, the rate of a biochemical reaction increases as the temperature rises, so in this case the speed of the body clock should increase
transmit and express genetic information. Scientists are currently investigating ways of using nucleic acids to reprogram cells to carry out different functions.
"This is a quantum leap compared to existing technologies for the delivery of genetic material to cells and tissues,"said Ennio Tasciotti, Co-Chair, Department of Nanomedicine at Houston Methodist Research Institute and co-corresponding author of the paper."
"Professor Molly Stevens, co-corresponding author from the Departments of Materials and of Bioengineering at Imperial College London, said:"
"says Dr. Zheng, Senior Scientist at the Princess Margaret and also Professor of Medical Biophysics at the University of Toronto.
#Geometrically Encoded Magnetic Sensors (GEMS) for High-resolution Remote Biological Sensing To date, most efforts to image highly localized biochemical conditions such as abnormal ph
*and ion concentration--critical markers for many disorders--rely on various nanosensors that are probed using light at optical frequencies.
not appreciably weakened by intervening biological materials.""As a result, they can get strong, distinctive signals from very small dimensions at substantial depths or in other locations impossible to probe with optically based sensors.
And some potential applications of the sensors may not be biological at all. But a long-term goal is to improve our techniques to the point at
The 0. 5 to 2 m diameter GEMS in the experiments are already small enough for many in vitro and other possible non-biological applications,
One of the most significant features of GEMS is that they can be tuned"in fabrication to respond to different biochemical states
effectively measuring a panel of potential biomarkers simultaneously, rather than just one, to better differentiate between different pathologies,
"We think that these sensors can potentially be adapted to measure a variety of different biomarkers,
the team adapted two more techniques from nature's biomolecular toolkit: the way proteins use shape complementarity to simplify docking with other molecules,
Chemists, physicists, biologists, materials scientists and engineers team up to focus on these essential questions: Which material properties are new,
where multiphoton microscopy for biological applications was pioneered. hese alumni embody the ebb Groupstyle of mixing physics,
engineering and biology together to achieve their goal, says Warren R. Zipfel, associate professor of biomedical engineering and a former Webb research associate. or decades,
Watt lab was the place to be at Cornell if you loved playing with lasers and optics and applying them to biological questions.
Zipfel still has the world first two-photon microscope in a case near his office,
combining advanced techniques from physics and biology to allow scientists to examine the finest structures of the brain in real time. ee very proud of the work these alumni are doing,
fundamental science between neurobiologists, engineers, computational biologists, physicists and chemists. The Brain Prize, for scientists making an outstanding contribution to European neuroscience
Led by Rohit Bhargava, U. of I. professor of bioengineering and member of the Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology,
and Extract Biomolecules from Fluid Mixtures Employing an ingenious microfluidic design that combines chemical and mechanical properties,
and extracting biomolecules from fluid mixtures. The approach requires fewer steps, uses less energy, and achieves better performance than several techniques currently in use
and extracting biomolecules from fluid mixtures. Illustration courtesy of Peter Mallen, Harvard Medical school. The biomolecule sorting technique was developed in the laboratory of Joanna Aizenberg, Amy Smith Berylson Professor of Materials science at Harvard School of engineering and Applied sciences (SEAS) and Professor in the Department of chemistry and Chemical Biology.
Aizenberg is also co-director of the Kavli Institute for Bionano Science and Technology and a core faculty member at Harvard Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, leading the Adaptive Materials Technologies platform there.
Modulating the ph levels of the solutions in those environments triggers the aptamers to atchor eleasethe target biomolecule.
Their research suggests that the technique could be applicable to other biomolecules, or used to determine chemical purity
Conventional biomolecule sorting systems rely on external electric fields infrared radiation, and magnetic fields, and often require chemical modifications of the biomolecules of interest.
That means setups can be used only once or require a series of sequential steps. In contrast, said Ankita Shastri, a graduate student in Chemistry and Chemical Biology at Harvard and a member of Aizenberg group,
the new catch-transport -and-release system s more efficientequiring minimal steps and less energy,
and effectivechieving recovery of almost all of the target biomolecule through its continuous reusability. The authors say that the system could provide a means of removing contaminants from waternd even be tailored to enable energy-efficient desalination of seawater.
and biomimetic materials reproducing the advanced mechanical properties of many natural structures. The University of Manchester in Manchester, UK has performed 3d in situ imaging of crack growth using Xradia Ultra Load Stage in nanoindentation mode to understand how cracks grow in dentin, the nanocomposite that forms the bulk of teeth.
#Super-Resolution Microscopy Helps Visualise and Count the Smallest Units in the Genome Now, for the first time,
which, packaged together, form our genome. This study was possible thanks to the use of super-resolution microscopy,
In combination with innovative quantitative approaches and numerical simulations, they were also able to define the genome architecture at the nanoscale.
Biologists and physicists have been working together to take a step forward in chromatin fibre observations and studies. y using the STORM technique, a new super-resolution microscopy method,
Even though all the cells in our body have the same genetic information, they are not expressing all the genes at the same time.
or less accessible to the molecule that reads the genome: the RNA polymerase. Depending on the specialisation of the cells,
The outcome of this study has shown the successful collaboration between biologists and physicists from two of the leading research institutes of their respective fields in Europe,
#Heart-on-a-Chip Device Holds Promise for Drug-Screening When UC Berkeley bioengineers say they are holding their hearts in the palms of their hands,
Photo by Anurag Mathur, Healy Lab) Instead, the research team led by bioengineering professor Kevin Healy is presenting a network of pulsating cardiac muscle cells housed in an inch-long silicone device that effectively models human heart tissue,
Much of this is due to fundamental differences in biology between species, the researchers explained. For instance, the ion channels through which heart cells conduct electrical currents can vary in both number
Aizenberg, who is also Professor of Chemistry and Chemical Biology in Harvard's Faculty of arts and Sciences and Co-Director of the Kavli Institute for Bionano Science and Technology
who is also the Judah Folkman Professor of Vascular Biology at Harvard Medical school and Boston Children's Hospital and Professor of Bioengineering at Harvard SEAS."
as they are attached to the skin with a biocompatible, medical-grade adhesive. Users can therefore decide where they want to position the sensor patch
or diagnose substances at a molecular level. ur system can do chemistry, biology, biochemistry, molecular biology, clinical diagnosis,
in order to do chemical and biological sensing. The method produces measurements much more reliably. t Optokey wee able to mass produce this nanoplasmonic resonator on a wafer scale,
Chen started out as a biochemist working on biomedical devices. After he joined Berkeley Lab around 2000, he learned about quantum dots,
and began exploring their use in biology. That led to further investigations into nanomaterials. One accomplishment was a so-called molecular ruler made of gold nanoparticles tethered to DNA strands,
and accurately detect a biomarker for prostate cancer, which has a high rate of false positives using conventional diagnostic tools.
professor and chair of the Department of Biomedical engineering at Duke university, thought his team could do better.
an associate professor of chemical and biomolecular engineering at Nanyang Technological University in Singapore, who was involved not in this work. o me,
It enables unaltered optical measurements of extremely small, dynamic changes in biological, chemical or physical processes.
which will enable analysis of synthetic and biological materials while examining the surface physical and chemical properties both on and beneath the surface.
Passian said. t allows researchers to study the surface and subsurface of synthetic and biological samples,
and nanoparticles to naturally occurring plant cells, biological polymers and tissues. The first application in which this microscope was deployed in the DOE Bioenergy Science Center was for analyzing plant cell walls,
The cell wall of a plant is layered a nanostructure made up of biopolymers such as cellulose. Researchers are looking to convert these biopolymers to free the functional sugars and discharge energy.
An instrument constructed previously at ORNL was capable of imaging poplar cell wall structures from which exceptional topological data could be procured,
and physical bioscientist Peter Zwart have introduced new mathematical theory and an algorithm, which they call ulti-tiered iterative phasing (M-TIP),
This approach is an important step in unlocking the door to new advances in biophysics and has the promise of ushering in new tools to help solve some of the most challenging problems in the life sciences. hese are exciting times,
who is a member of the Physical Biosciences Division at Berkeley Lab. lthough fluctuation scattering was proposed first 38 years ago,
As an alternative and complementary technique, structural biologists often gather diffraction patterns from particles in solution. However, in these so called small-and wide-angle x-ray scattering (SAXS/WAXS) experiments
from several different biological specimens. This will allow the researchers the opportunity to test and,
high throughput fashion, says Zwart. he full deployment of FXS as a new tool in the arsenal of the structural biologist will take some time,
Drndic and her colleagues have experimented with applying the technique to other biological molecules and nanoscale structures.
they set out to test their pores on even trickier biological molecules. here are many proteins that are much smaller and harder to manipulate than a strand of DNA that we like to study,
and he suspected that improving the technique's spatial resolution would go a long way toward increasing its use by biologists.
They are also eager to work with biologists to continue to explore potential applications and refine their techniques'usability.
materials and biology present a formidable challenge using any imaging modality. Notable demonstrations aside, current X-ray, electron and optical microscopies are simply too cumbersome and slow to routinely image functioning systems in real space and time, severely limiting progress.
This study was published in the online version of the academic journal Biomaterials on June 9, 2015.
A research group led by Tetsushi Taguchi, a MANA Scientist at the Biomaterials Unit, International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA),
of which had prevented the in depth study of some of the most prevalent inorganic biomaterials. This systems opens the door to understanding
#Nanoporous Gold Sponge Detects Pathogens Faster This novel technique enables sensitive DNA detection in compound biological samples e g.,
assistant professor of electrical and computer engineering at UC Davis and the paperssenior author. hat happens is the debris in biological samples,
It almost like a natural sieve. arly identification of disease biomarkers and pathogenic microbes is possible with the swift and sensitive detection of nucleic acids.
Going forward, the team anticipates that their research will be useful in the progress of mini point-of-care diagnostic systems for clinical and agricultural applications. he applications of the sensor are quite broad ranging from detection of plant pathogens to disease biomarkers,
in a mixture containing other biomolecules, thus beating most of the currently used detectors. This novel technique enables sensitive DNA detection in compound biological samples e g.,
, serum from whole blood. Their findings have been published in two recent papers in Analytical Chemistry. According to UC Davis researchers, these sponge-like nanoporous gold hold the potential for enabling new devices to detect agents responsible for causing disease in both plants
assistant professor of electrical and computer engineering at UC Davis and the paperssenior author. hat happens is the debris in biological samples,
Early identification of disease biomarkers and pathogenic microbes is possible with the swift and sensitive detection of nucleic acids.
Going forward, the team anticipates that their research will be useful in the progress of mini point-of-care diagnostic systems for clinical and agricultural applications. he applications of the sensor are quite broad ranging from detection of plant pathogens to disease biomarkers
By combining nanoscience and biology, researchers led by scientists at University of California, Berkeley, have taken a big step in that direction.
and a variety of biochemical building blocks. The research is a major advance toward synthetic photosynthesis, a type of solar power based on the ability of plants to transform sunlight, carbon dioxide and water into sugars.
In a roundtable discussion on his recent breakthroughs and the future of synthetic photosynthesis, Yang said his hybrid inorganic/biological systems give researchers new tools to study photosynthesis
Moore is a professor of chemistry and biochemistry at Arizona State university, where he previously headed the Center for Bioenergy & Photosynthesis. Ultimately,
who earned his doctorate in biomedical engineering at Rutgers and now works in biopharmaceutical research and development at Glaxosmithkline.
''said Martin Yarmush, the Paul and Mary Monroe Chair and Distinguished Professor of biomedical engineering at Rutgers and Ghodbane's adviser.
Natural melanin nanoparticles will be used as biomarkers to diagnose and as targets for therapy. Because not all melanoma cells highly express melanin
#Structured Illumination Microscopy and SPA Help Study SPB Duplication in Living Yeast Cells Cellular mitosis depends in part on small organelles that extend spindles to pull apart chromosome pairs.
The North carolina Biotechnology Center awarded a $50, 000 Technology Enhancement Grant to the School to help develop the technology into a viable treatment that can be licensed and commercialized."
"said Shu Chien, a professor of bioengineering and medicine, director of the Institute of Engineering in Medicine at UC San diego,
such as disposable cutlery, to natural biopolymers like DNA and proteins-fundamental to human life. Using insecticides is one of the few ways farmers currently have to treat their groves for greening, also known as Huanglongbing or HLB.
One of the most critical biological and medical tools available today, it lies at the core of genome analysis. Reading the exact make-up of genes,
scientists can detect mutations, or even identify different organisms. A powerful DNA sequencing method uses tiny
"and are strung together in various combinations that contain the cell's genetic information, such as genes. Essentially
Slowing things down The lab of Aleksandra Radenovic at EPFL's Institute of Bioengineering has now overcome the problem of speed by using a thick,
The researchers used mouse embryonic fibroblast cells to determine biocompatibility; that, along with the fact that the stretchability of gold nanomesh on a slippery substrate resembles the bioenvironment of tissue
They are also found in the biological world, where examples include mother-of-pearl and the iridescent wing-scales of certain butterflies,
"says Nicholas Abbott, a UW-Madison professor of chemical and biological engineering.""It's quite a versatile approach."
#Self-Assembled DNA NANOSTRUCTURES Could Be used as Smart Drug-Delivery Vehicles Researchers from Aalto University have published an article in the recent Trends in Biotechnology journal.
and how these features enable the development of efficient biological DNA-nanomachines. Moreover, these DNA NANOSTRUCTURES provide new applications in molecular medicine,
and the group has published just recently two research articles regarding DNA-based applications in biotechnology and molecular medicine.
The current gold standard for Ebola virus detection relies on a method called polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to amplify the virus's genetic material for detection.
nontarget biomolecules are washed off, and the bound targets are released then by heating, labeled with fluorescent markers,
what has been an essential mystery in biology and is published on 25 september in the prestigious journal, Science.
Professor Lithgow and his team used a novel technology that enables the systematic expansion of the genetic codes of living organisms to include unnatural amino acids beyond the common twenty.
and other standard techniques in structural biology to unlock its transport secrets. The Lithgow lab, working with colleagues from Nagoya, Kyoto and Tokyo, ramped up scale of the technology making literally hundreds of re-coded TOM 40 complexes, each one with a novel additional 21st amino acid.
Having shown the technology works-Professor Lithgow believes other labs working on diverse processes in human cell biology will mimic these experiments to determine how their chosen nanomachines operate.
what has been a major unknown in biology, and other cellular mysteries are now ripe for the picking"he said.
Thus proteins that bind specifically to complementary chemical structures are also indispensable for many biochemical and biotechnological applications.
Many of the methods routinely used in the biosciences are based on the specific modification of proteins, in particular antibodies,
"explained Stephen T. C. Wong, Ph d.,P. E.,Chair of the Department of Systems Medicine and Bioengineering at Houston Methodist Research Institute."
. a professor of circuits and systems and biomedical engineering expert who is the Director of Virtus, the Centre of Excellence in IC Design, at NTU's School of Electrical and Electronic engineering."
Elevations in the two examined gene markers of liver toxicity were detected then accurately and consistent with previously known changes, indicating that lab in a needle is an appropriate diagnostic option."
and has the purpose of generating height profiles of soft surfaces like biofilms or cell membranes.
Alexander Rohrbach conducts research at the Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK) and is an associate member of the Cluster of Excellence BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies of the University of Freiburg g
Dassarma, Phd, a professor of microbiology and immunology at the school,"GVNPS offer a designer platform for vaccines
One of Tkaczyk co-authors on the research was Rebecca Richards-Kortum, Rice Malcolm Gillis University Professor, director of the Institute of Biosciences and Bioengineering and of Rice 360°:
Rice chemist Jeffrey Hartgerink, lead author Vivek Kumar and their colleagues reported their discovery in the American Chemical Society journal ACS Biomaterials Science and Engineering.
#Prosthetic Hands with Macro-Sieve Peripheral Nerve Interface Can Feel Hot and Cold and Sense of touch Daniel Moran, Phd, professor of biomedical engineering in the School of engineering & Applied science and of neurobiology,
. who is a pioneer in the converging fields of synthetic biology, metabolic engineering, and genetics. Church is the Robert Winthrop Professor of Genetics at Harvard Medical school and Professor of Health Sciences and Technology at Harvard and MIT.
Critical to this process of metabolically engineering microbes is the use of biosensors. Made of a biological component-such as a fluorescent protein
-and a'detector'that responds to the presence of a specific chemical, biosensors act as the switches
But so far, scientists have had only access to a limited variety of biosensors that have little relevance to the biomanufacturing of valuable chemicals.
which we would rely on biomanufacturing for the clean production of chemical and pharmaceutical commodities, "said Wyss Institute Founding Director Donald E. Ingber, M d.,Ph d,
. who is also the Judah Folkman Professor of Vascular Biology at Harvard Medical school and Boston Children's Hospital,
and Professor of Bioengineering at the Harvard John A. Paulson School of engineering and Applied sciences s
#Innovative Light-Sensing System Reconstructs Human Postures Continuously and Unobtrusively A Dartmouth College team has created the first light-sensing system that reconstructs human postures continuously
and softball enthusiasts our new EASTON Power Sensor that provides personalized swing biomechanics data, instant feedback to make real-time improvements and Blast Motion's patented video integration for playback and sharing."
They presented their findings Aug 26 at the 37th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society in Milan, Italy.
An advantage of this system is that magnetic fields are able to pass freely through biological tissues,
says a Texas A&m University biomedical engineering researcher who is developing the technology. The wearable technology combines motion sensors and the measurement of electrical activity generated by muscles to interpret hand gestures,
says Roozbeh Jafari, associate professor in the university Department of Biomedical engineering and researcher at the Center for Remote Health Technologies and Systems.
Jafari is associate professor in Texas A&m Department of Biomedical engineering, associate professor in the Department of computer science and Engineering and the Department of Electrical and Computer engineering,
such as gas chromatography or mass spectroscopy. hese are good ways to detect smell molecules, but they require a large amount of work before the sample is even ready to test,
#MIT Develops Protein-Based Sensor Capable of Killing Cancer cells MIT biological engineers have developed a modular system of proteins that can detect a particular DNA sequence in a cell
says James Collins, the Termeer Professor of Medical Engineering and Science in MIT Department of Biological engineering and Institute of Medical Engineering and Science (IMES).
a professor of biotechnology and bioengineering at The swiss Federal Institute of technology in Zurich, described this experiment as an legant proof of conceptthat could lead to greatly improved treatments for viral infection. entinel designer cells engineered with the DNA sense
whether genetic material has been delivered successfully to cells that scientists are trying to genetically alter. Cells that did not receive the new gene could be induced to undergo cell death,
or to study the 3-D structure of normal chromosomes by testing whether two genes located far from each other on a chromosome fold in such a way that they end up next to each other,
the researchers say
#Liquid crystals Detect Protein Fibers Associated with Development of Neurodegenerative Diseases Liquid crystals are familiar to most of us as the somewhat humdrum stuff used to make computer displays and TVS.
Floating on top of the film was made a membrane of molecules resembling those found in the membranes of biological cells.
the researchers argue that their new method for controlling brain cells could improve on"optogenetics","a technique that uses light rather than sound.
Consequently, using optogenetics to control brain circuits in a mammal currently requires a fibre-optic implant.
"said the study's first author Stuart Ibsen, from the Salk Institute for Biological Studies in California.
A multicenter study validating the accuracy of the new blood tests,"Development and Validation of a Biomarker for Diarrhea-Predominant Irritable bowel syndrome in Human Subjects"
#New age of genome editing could lead to cure for sickle cell anemia Australia researchers have shown that changing just a single letter of the DNA of human red blood cells in the laboratory increases their production of oxygen-carrying haemoglobin-a world-first
The new genome editing technique, in which a beneficial, naturally-occurring genetic mutation is introduced into cells,
"An exciting new age of genome editing is beginning, now that single genes within our vast genome can be precisely cut and repaired,
"says study leader, Dean of Science at UNSW, Professor Merlin Crossley.""Our laboratory study provides a proof of concept that changing just one letter of DNA in a gene could alleviate the symptoms of sickle cell anaemia and thalassaemia-inherited diseases in
"Because the good genetic variation we introduced already exists in nature, this approach should be effective and safe.
"Mutations affecting adult haemoglobin are among the most common of all human genetic mutations, with about five per cent of the world's population carrying a defective adult haemoglobin gene.
The researchers based their new approach on the fact that a small number of people with damaged adult haemoglobin have an additional, beneficial mutation in the foetal haemoglobin gene."
"This good mutation keeps their foetal haemoglobin gene switched on for the whole of their lives,
The researchers introduced this single-letter mutation into human red blood cells using genome-editing proteins known as TALENS,
When our genome editing protein cuts the DNA, the cell quickly replaces it with the donor DNA that we have provided also."
If the genome-editing technique is shown to work effectively in blood stem cells and be safe,
such as conventional gene therapy, in which viruses are used to ferry healthy genes into a cell to replace the defective ones.
"Through a combination of high-resolution cryo-electron microscopy (CRYO EM) and a unique methodology for image analysis, a team of researchers with Berkeley Lab and the University of California (UC) Berkeley has produced an atomic view of microtubules
and reform into spindles that are used by the dividing cell to move chromosomes. For chromosome migration to occur,
the microtubules attached to them must disassemble, carrying the chromosomes in the process. The dynamic instability that makes it possible for microtubules to transition from a rigid polymerized
or"assembled"nucleotide state to a flexible depolymerized or"disassembled"nucleotide state is driven by guanosine triphosphate (GTP) hydrolysis in the microtubule lattice."
a biophysicist with Berkeley Lab's Life sciences Division who led this research. Nogales, who is also a professor of biophysics
and structural biology at UC Berkeley and investigator with the Howard hughes medical institute, is a leading authority on the structure and dynamics of microtubules.
In this latest study, she and her group used CRYO EM in which protein samples are flash-frozen at liquid nitrogen temperatures to preserve their natural structure,
to determine microtubule structures in different nucleotide states with and without EB3. With CRYO EM and their image analysis methodology, they achieved a resolution of 3. 5 Angstroms, a record for microtubules.
For perspective, the diameter of a hydrogen atom is about 1. 0 Angstroms.""We can now study the atomic details of microtubule polymerization
Beyond their importance to our understanding of basic cell biology, microtubules are a major target for anticancer drugs, such as Taxol,
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