or other therapies safely to sites of disease are already seeing the light of day.
so that light can be delivered correctly. The hope is that this new application of optogenetics to voluntary muscles will help in medical research
Largest tetanic contractions are observed with 5-ms light pulses at 30z, resulting in 84%of the maximal force induced by electrical stimulation.
Three expert and four novice endoscopists performed white light endoscopy followed by LCE and HRME. All optical images were compared to gold standard of histopathology.
#Gastrisail Lights Up Stomach from Within for Accurate Sleeve Gastrectomy Procedures Medtronic just released in the U s. the Gastrisail gastric positioning system for sleeve gastrectomy procedures.
Having identified how brain cancer cells uniquely scatter light, the researchers wrote a computer program that spots the relevant parameters within OCT scan data.
but now it may finally see clinical light of day. The company has partnered now with Teva Pharmaceutical to produce the initial product and put it through clinical trials.
and then activating them using a light source. The drug delivery component is particularly interesting for clinical research,
The device reacts to infrared light to open up its drug chambers. Since such frequencies of light are able to penetrate a patient skull
the infrared light source can be used as a simple remote control to open up the drug chambers as necessary s
#Wize Mirror to Monitor Health, Prevent Cardio-Metabolic Diseases Seasoned primary care physicians often have an uncanny ability to notice symptoms by simply looking at their patients.
clean water and light,"said Aisa Mijeno, cofounder and CEO of SALT Corp. Related on MNN N
The Utah engineers have developed an ultracompact beamsplitter the smallest on record for dividing light waves into two separate channels of information.
and shuttle data with light instead of electrons. Electrical and computer engineering associate professor Rajesh Menon and colleagues describe their invention today in the journal Nature Photonics.
the photons of light must be converted to electrons before a router or computer can handle the information.
if the data stream remained as light within computer processors. ith all light, computing can eventually be millions of times faster,
(which looks somewhat like a barcode) on top of a silicon chip that can split guided incoming light into its two components.
or shuttled is done through light instead of electrons. Photo credit: Dan Hixson/University of Utah College of Engineering Source:
When these spirals are shrunk to sizes smaller than the wavelength of visible light, they develop unusual optical properties.
For example, when they are illuminated with infrared laser light, they emit visible blue light. A number of crystals produce this effect, called frequency doubling or harmonic generation, to various degrees.
The strongest frequency doubler previously known is the synthetic crystal beta barium borate, but the nano-spirals produce four times more blue light per unit volume.
When infrared laser light strikes the tiny spirals it is absorbed by electrons in the gold arms.
so that some of them emit blue light at double the frequency of the incoming infrared light. his is similar to
The blue light is exactly an octave higher than the infrared the second harmonic. he nano-spirals also have a distinctive response to polarized laser light.
Linearly polarized light, like that produced by a Polaroid filter, vibrates in a single plane.
When struck by such a light beam, the amount of blue light the nano-spirals emit varies as the angle of the plane of polarization is rotated through 360 degrees.
The effect is even more dramatic when circularly polarized laser light is used. In circularly polarized light the polarization plane rotates either clockwise or counterclockwise.
When left-handed nano-spirals are illuminated with clockwise polarized light, the amount of blue light produced is maximized
because the polarization pushes the electrons toward the center of the spiral. Counterclockwise polarized light,
on the other hand, produces a minimal amount of blue light because the polarization tends to push the electrons outward
so that the waves from all around the nano-spiral interfere destructively. The combination of the unique characteristics of their frequency doubling and response to polarized light provide the nano-spirals with a unique
So far, Davidson has experimented with small arrays of gold nano-spirals on a glass substrate made using scanning electron-beam lithography.
and Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS) reported today that they have demonstrated-for the first time-an on-chip visible light source using graphene, an atomically thin and perfectly crystalline form of carbon,
right Visible light Emission from Graphene, is published in the Advance Online Publication (AOP) on Nature Nanotechnology's website on June 15."
"This new type of'broadband'light emitter can be integrated into chips and will pave the way towards the realization of atomically thin, flexible,
"Creating light in small structures on the surface of a chip is crucial for developing fully integrated'photonic'circuits that do with light
but have not yet been able to put the oldest and simplest artificial light sourcehe incandescent light bulbnto a chip.
By measuring the spectrum of the light emitted from the graphene, the team was able to show that the graphene was reaching temperatures of above 2500 degrees Celsius,
hot enough to glow brightly. he visible light from atomically thin graphene is so intense that it is visible even to the naked eye,
Interestingly, the spectrum of the emitted light showed peaks at specific wavelengths, which the team discovered was due to interference between the light emitted directly from the graphene
and light reflecting off the silicon substrate and passing back through the graphene. Kim notes
his is only possible because graphene is transparent, unlike any conventional filament, and allows us to tune the emission spectrum by changing the distance to the substrate. he ability of graphene to achieve such high temperatures without melting the substrate
so that less energy is needed to attain temperatures needed for visible light emission, Myung-Ho Bae, a senior researcher at KRISS and co-lead author,
when he invented the incandescent light bulb: dison originally used carbon as a filament for his light bulb and here we are going back to the same element,
and the materialsability to sense long wavelength infrared (LWIR) waves due to their small energy gaps. This particular electromagnetic spectral range of LWIR is important for a range of applications such as LIDAR (light radar) systems
because they fit into the long wavelength-infrared light range and deliver properties that any other currently existing 2d materials cannot,
A team of scientists used a newly developed reaction chamber to combine x-ray absorption spectroscopy and electron microscopy for an unprecedented portrait of a common chemical reaction.
They conducted x-ray studies at the National Synchrotron Light source (NSLS) and electron microscopy at the Center for Functional Nanomaterials (CFN), both DOE Office of Science User Facilities."
x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS. In XAS, a beam of x-rays bombards the catalyst sample and deposits energy as it passes through the micro-reactor.
and Raman spectroscopy-and plans to introduce other complex and complementary x-ray and electron probe techniques over time.
but its successor-the just-opened National Synchrotron Light source II (NSLS-II)- is 10,000 times brighter
"Through Laboratory Directed Research and development funding, we will be part of the initial experiments at the Submicron Resolution X-ray (SRX) Spectroscopy beamline this summer,
along with an international team, have come up with an ingenious way of creating therapeutic heat in a light, flexible design.
It is possible for something to move faster than the phase velocity of light in a medium
wakes produced as electrical charges travel through liquids faster than the phase velocity of light, emitting a glowing blue wake.
For the first time, Harvard researchers have created similar wakes of light-like waves moving on a metallic surface, called surface plasmons,
"Our understanding of optics on the macroscale has led to holograms, Google glass and LEDS, just to name a few technologies.
and harness the power of light on the nanoscale.""The creation and control of surface plasmon wakes could lead to new types of plasmonic couplers
and lenses that could create two-dimensional holograms or focus light at the nanoscale. Surface plasmons are confined to the surface of a metal.
The team discovered that the angle of incidence of the light shining onto the metamaterial provides an additional measure of control
and using polarized light can even reverse the direction of the wake relative to the running waveike a wake traveling in the opposite direction of a boat."
and manipulate light at scales much smaller than the wavelength of the light is said very difficult
such as highly Efficient light Emitting Diodes (LEDS), lasers and radio frequency components for cooling purposes. Graphene-based film could also pave the way for faster, smaller, more energy efficient, sustainable high power electronics."
and shine lights on neurons deep inside the brains of mice. The revolutionary device is described online in the journal Cell.
and delivering lights through fiber optic cables. Both options require surgery that can damage parts of the brain
and can simultaneously deliver drugs and lights.""We used powerful nanomanufacturing strategies to fabricate an implant that lets us penetrate deep inside the brain with minimal damage,
Scientists used soft materials to create a brain implant a tenth the width of a human hair that can wirelessly control neurons with lights and drugs.
But first engineers must build a light source that can be turned on and off that rapidly.
Duke university researchers are now one step closer to such a light source. In a new study, a team from the Pratt School of engineering pushed semiconductor quantum dots to emit light at more than 90 billion gigahertz.
These oscillations create their own light, which reacts again with the free electrons. Energy trapped on the surface of the nanocube in this fashion is called a plasmon.
But first engineers must build a light source that can be turned on and off that rapidly.
Duke university researchers are now one step closer to such a light source. In a new study, a team from the Pratt School of engineering pushed semiconductor quantum dots to emit light at more than 90 billion gigahertz.
These oscillations create their own light, which reacts again with the free electrons. Energy trapped on the surface of the nanocube in this fashion is called a plasmon.
#Reshaping the solar spectrum to turn light to electricity Researchers find a way to use the infrared region of the sun's spectrum to make solar cells more efficient.
The cadmium selenide nanocrystals could convert visible wavelengths to ultraviolet photons while the lead selenide nanocrystals could convert near-infrared photons to visible photons.
In lab experiments, the researchers directed 980-nanometer infrared light at the hybrid material, which then generated upconverted orange yellow fluorescent 550-nanometer light,
almost doubling the energy of the incoming photons. The researchers were able to boost the upconversion process by up to three orders of magnitude by coating the cadmium selenide nanocrystals with organic ligands,
providing a route to higher efficiencies. his 550-nanometer light can be absorbed by any solar cell material,
Put simply, the inorganics in the composite material take light in; the organics get light out. esides solar energy,
Bardeen emphasized that the research could have wide-ranging implications. he ability to move light energy from one wavelength to another, more useful region, for example,
#Reshaping the solar spectrum to turn light to electricity Researchers find a way to use the infrared region of the sun's spectrum to make solar cells more efficient.
The cadmium selenide nanocrystals could convert visible wavelengths to ultraviolet photons while the lead selenide nanocrystals could convert near-infrared photons to visible photons.
In lab experiments, the researchers directed 980-nanometer infrared light at the hybrid material, which then generated upconverted orange yellow fluorescent 550-nanometer light,
almost doubling the energy of the incoming photons. The researchers were able to boost the upconversion process by up to three orders of magnitude by coating the cadmium selenide nanocrystals with organic ligands,
providing a route to higher efficiencies. his 550-nanometer light can be absorbed by any solar cell material,
Put simply, the inorganics in the composite material take light in; the organics get light out. esides solar energy,
Bardeen emphasized that the research could have wide-ranging implications. he ability to move light energy from one wavelength to another, more useful region, for example,
The technological advance puts lasers one step closer to being a mainstream light source and potential replacement or alternative to light emitting diodes (LEDS.
Another important application could be in the future of visible light communication in which the same room lighting systems could be used for both illumination and communication.
The technology under development is called Li-Fi for light-based wireless communication, as opposed to the more prevailing Wi-fi,
because the light from a typical laser contains exactly one color, a specific wavelength of the electromagnetic spectrum, rather than a broad-range of different wavelengths.
White light is viewed typically as a complete mixture of all of the wavelengths of the visible spectrum, said Ning,
a blue LED is coated with phosphor materials to convert a portion of the blue light to green, yellow and red light.
This mixture of colored light will be perceived by humans as white light and can therefore be used for general illumination.
Sandia National Labs in 2011 produced high-quality white light from four separate large lasers. The researchers showed that the human eye is as comfortable with white light generated by diode lasers as with that produced by LEDS,
inspiring others to advance the technology. hile this pioneering proof-of-concept demonstration is impressive,
The most preferred light emitting material for semiconductors is indium gallium nitride though other materials such as cadmium sulfide and cadmium selenide also are used for emitting visible colors.
To produce all possible wavelengths in the visible spectral range you need several semiconductors of very different lattice constants
Rice physicists build superconductor analog, observe antiferromagnetic order February 23rd, 2015quantum Computing Forbidden quantum leaps possible with high-res spectroscopy March 2nd,
at USC Los angeles. They focus mainly on optical spectroscopy and electron transport at the nanometer scale.
it is suited not to the field of optoelectronics where TMDCS such as molybdenum disulphide (Mos2) have a clear advantage thanks to exhibiting a finite band gap in the visible wavelength range.
Analytical techniques including photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL), Raman spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM), and electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) are used to follow the effects of the plasma treatments on a range of samples having different numbers of layers.
The authors successfully demonstrate the generation of an indirect-to-direct bandgap transition in many-layer Mos2 through the use of an easy to use, scalable oxygen induced plasma process.
The direct gap semiconductor show a significantly enhanced PL emission due to the efficient absorption of light in direct gap materials
When later Boyd examined the copper plate using Raman spectroscopy, a technique used for detecting and identifying graphene,
which is important for calculating the amount of energy a single particle of light, or photon, Boyd wondered
2015new nanowire structure absorbs light efficiently: Dual-type nanowire arrays can be used in applications such as LEDS and solar cells February 25th, 2015qd Vision Named Edison Award Finalist for Innovative Color IQ Quantum dot Technology
which means they emit light of a particular wavelength in response to incoming light of a different wavelength.
The lab found quantum dots that emit blue light were easiest to produce from bituminous coal. The researchers suggested their quantum dots may also enhance sensing, electronic and photovoltaic applications.
They discharged a very small current between the electrodes to create a spatial map of the underlying tissue based upon the flow of electricity at different frequencies, a technique called impedance spectroscopy.
"Our device is a comprehensive demonstration that tissue health in a living organism can be mapped locally using impedance spectroscopy,
"In the past, people have used impedance spectroscopy for cell cultures or relatively simple measurements in tissue. What makes this unique is extending that to detect
Videos/Movies Light as puppeteer: Controlling particles with light and microfibers March 18th, 2015imperfect graphene opens door to better fuel cells:
Membrane could lead to fast-charging batteries for transportation March 18th, 2015news and information 30 years after C60:
Now, a new JQI study has shown how to sharpen nanoscale microscopy (nanoscopy) even more by better locating the exact position of the light source.
Diffraction limittraditional microscopy is limited by the diffraction of light around objects. That is when a light wave from the source strikes the object, the wave will scatter somewhat.
This scattering limits the spatial resolution of a conventional microscope to no better than about one-half the wavelength of the light being used.
For visible light, diffraction limits the resolution to no be better than a few hundred nanometers. How then, can microscopy using visible light attain a resolution down to several nanometers?
By using tiny light sources that are no larger than a few nanometers in diameter. Examples of these types of light sources are fluorescent molecules, nanoparticles, and quantum dots.
The JQI work uses quantum dots which are tiny crystals of a semiconductor material that can emit single photons of light.
If such tiny light sources are close enough to the object meant to be mapped or imaged, nanometer scale features can be resolved.
This type of microscopy, called"Super-resolution imaging,"surmounts the standard diffraction limit. Image-dipole distortionsjqi fellow Edo Waks and his colleagues have performed nanoscopic mappings of the electromagnetic field profile around silver nanowires by positioning quantum dots (the emitter) nearby.
Previous work summarized at http://jqi. umd. edu/news/using-single-quantum dots-probe-nanowires. They discovered that sub-wavelength imaging suffered from a fundamental problem,
namely that an"image dipole"induced in the surface of the nanowire was distorting knowledge of the quantum dot's true position.
Since the measured light from the dot is the substance of the imaging process, the presence of light coming from the"image dipole"can interfere with light coming directly from the dot.
This distorts the perceived position of the dot by an amount which is 10 times higher than the expected spatial accuracy of the imaging technique
2015new nanowire structure absorbs light efficiently: Dual-type nanowire arrays can be used in applications such as LEDS and solar cells February 25th,
Controlling particles with light and microfibers March 18th, 2015nano piano's lullaby could mean storage breakthrough March 16th, 201 2
By precisely etching tiny features--smaller than a wavelength of light--onto a silicon film one thousand times thinner than a human hair, the researchers were able to select the range of colors the material would reflect,
or wavelengths of light. Those that aren't absorbed are reflected back, with shorter wavelengths giving objects a blue hue and longer wavelengths appearing redder and the entire rainbow of possible combinations in between.
Changing the color of a surface, such as the leaves on the trees in autumn, requires a change in chemical make-up.
and reflect particular wavelengths of light. This type of"structural color"is much less common in nature,
Controlling light with structures rather than traditional optics is not new. In astronomy, for example, evenly spaced slits known as diffraction gratings are used routinely to direct light
and spread it into its component colors. Efforts to control color with this technique, however, have proved impractical
Rather than spreading the light into a complete rainbow, however, these ridges--or bars--reflect a very specific wavelength of light.
By"tuning"the spaces between the bars, it's possible to select the specific color to be reflected.
Unlike the slits in a diffraction grating, however, the silicon bars were extremely efficient and readily reflected the frequency of light they were tuned to.
Flexibility Is the Key to Controlsince the spacing or period, of the bars is the key to controlling the color they reflect,
spaced so they can interact with a specific wavelength of light, you can change its properties
and how it interacts with light by changing its dimensions, "said Chang-Hasnain. Earlier efforts to develop a flexible,
reflecting only a portion of the light they received. Other surfaces were too thick, limiting their applications,
orange, and red-across a 39-nanometer range of wavelengths. Future designs, the researchers believe,
and reflect light with even greater efficiency. Chameleon Skin with Multiple Applicationsfor this demonstration, the researchers created a one-centimeter square layer of color-shifting silicon.
OSA is a founding partner of the National Photonics Initiative and the 2015 International Year of Light.
2015new nanowire structure absorbs light efficiently: Dual-type nanowire arrays can be used in applications such as LEDS and solar cells February 25th, 2015qd Vision Named Edison Award Finalist for Innovative Color IQ Quantum dot Technology February 23rd,
Study sheds light on why foreign STEM students stay in US or return home March 11th, 2015announcements Super-resolution microscopes reveal the link between genome packaging and cell pluripotency:
STORM overcomes the diffraction limit that normally restricts the spatial resolution of conventional microscopes and enables us to precisely define the chromatin fibre structure",states Prof.
An international team of researchers has used infinitely short light pulses to observe ultrafast changes in the electron-level properties of superconductors, setting a new standard for temporal resolution in the field.
"The solution we devised is based on the use of ultrafast light pulses, lasting 10 femtoseconds or 10 million billionths of a second,"says Claudio Giannetti of the Universit Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Italy,
"It was an exciting challenge to merge completely different results and approaches, such as ultrafast laser optics, photoelectron spectroscopies,
and the possibility of combining cutting-edge photoelectron spectroscopies with state-of-the-art ultrafast techniques will be an exciting new avenue in UBC's research portfolio as our capacities grow."#
Utah engineers take big step toward much faster computers The Utah engineers have developed an ultracompact beamsplitter--the smallest on record--for dividing light waves into two separate channels of information.
and shuttle data with light instead of electrons. Electrical and computer engineering associate professor Rajesh Menon and colleagues describe their invention today in the journal Nature Photonics.
the photons of light must be converted to electrons before a router or computer can handle the information.
"With all light, computing can eventually be millions of times faster, "says Menon. To help do that, the U engineers created a much smaller form of a polarization beamsplitter
(which looks somewhat like a barcode) on top of a silicon chip that can split guided incoming light into its two components.
They are used also in other industries to manufacture fuel cells, batteries, filters and light-emitting screens."
2015patents/IP/Tech Transfer/Licensing Novel superconducting undulator provides first x-ray light at ANKA May 1st,
where the light enters through a transparent negative electrode, in our case made of zinc oxide,
but also reinforce a device security properties as they cannot be reproduced by copying or classical holography.
and reflection (shining a light on or through the image) an effect impossible for a hologram to achieve.
An example of Pearl can be viewed at: www. nanosecurity. ca/newsrelease2015may27. Doug Blakeway, Nanotech Chief executive officer, commented,
by using the molecular-beam-epitaxy (MBE) method*3. Then they carefully investigated the electronic structure of grown films by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES)* 4 Fig. 2. In the ARPES measurement,
The electromagnetic radiation discharged by electronic equipment and devices is known to hinder their smooth operation. Conventional materials used today to shield from incoming electromagnetic waves tend to be sheets of metal or composites,
When these spirals are shrunk to sizes smaller than the wavelength of visible light, they develop unusual optical properties.
For example, when they are illuminated with infrared laser light, they emit visible blue light. A number of crystals produce this effect, called frequency doubling or harmonic generation, to various degrees.
The strongest frequency doubler previously known is the synthetic crystal beta barium borate, but the nano-spirals produce four times more blue light per unit volume.
When infrared laser light strikes the tiny spirals it is absorbed by electrons in the gold arms.
so that some of them emit blue light at double the frequency of the incoming infrared light.""This is similar to
The blue light is exactly an octave higher than the infrared-the second harmonic.""The nano-spirals also have a distinctive response to polarized laser light.
Linearly polarized light, like that produced by a Polaroid filter, vibrates in a single plane.
When struck by such a light beam, the amount of blue light the nano-spirals emit varies as the angle of the plane of polarization is rotated through 360 degrees.
The effect is even more dramatic when circularly polarized laser light is used. In circularly polarized light, the polarization plane rotates either clockwise or counterclockwise.
When left-handed nano-spirals are illuminated with clockwise polarized light, the amount of blue light produced is maximized
because the polarization pushes the electrons toward the center of the spiral. Counterclockwise polarized light
on the other hand, produces a minimal amount of blue light because the polarization tends to push the electrons outward
so that the waves from all around the nano-spiral interfere destructively. The combination of the unique characteristics of their frequency doubling and response to polarized light provide the nano-spirals with a unique,
So far, Davidson has experimented with small arrays of gold nano-spirals on a glass substrate made using scanning electron-beam lithography.
And, according to Mishra, it demonstrates significant potential for UV LIGHT or gas sensing applications. Until now, we have tested sensing applications.
Black phosphorus reveals its secrets thanks to a scientific breakthrough made by a team from Universite de Montreal, Polytechnique Montreal and CNRS in France June 2nd, 2015new heterogeneous wavelength tunable laser diode for high-frequency
heterogeneous wavelength tunable laser diode for high-frequency efficiency June 2nd, 2015entangled photons unlock new supersensitive characterisation of quantum technology June 1st, 2015stanford breakthrough heralds super-efficient light-based computers:
Light can transmit more data while consuming far less power than electricity, and an engineering feat brings optical data transport closer to replacing wires May 29th,
2015dna Double Helix Does Double Duty in Assembling Arrays of Nanoparticles: Synthetic pieces of biological molecule form framework and glue for making nanoparticle clusters and arrays May 25th, 2015discoveries Tissue Engineering Scaffolds Produced from Natural Silk in Iran June 8th,
Black phosphorus reveals its secrets thanks to a scientific breakthrough made by a team from Universite de Montreal, Polytechnique Montreal and CNRS in France June 2nd, 2015new heterogeneous wavelength tunable laser diode for high-frequency efficiency June 2nd,
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