#Miniscule mirrored cavities connect quantum memories The enhanced interactions between light and atoms and the extended spin-coherence times are essential steps toward realizing real-world quantum memories and, hence, quantum computing systems,
Nanoscale mirrored cavities that trap light around atoms in diamond crystals increase the quantum mechanical interactions between light and electrons in atoms.
and the Diamond Light source in Oxfordshire, England. In the process, they discovered why the electrons are so fast and mobile.
This is a procedure where the inside of the body is examined using a probe with a light source and video camera at the end via the mouth and down the gullet.
and x-ray scattering at the National Synchrotron Light source--both DOE Office of Science User Facilities.
size, and structure to facilitate desired interactions with light, electrical or magnetic fields, or chemical environment to provide unique functionality in a wide range of applications from energy to medicine.
and at the same time achieves an optical resolution close to the fundamental diffraction limit. The possibility to study the optical properties of individual nanoparticles
This enhances the interaction between the light and the sample, and the signal becomes easily measurable,
Then, the corresponding quantities depend on the orientation of the polarization of light with respect to the symmetry axes of the particle."
from the characterization of nanomaterials and biological nanosystems to spectroscopy of quantum emitters. e
#Nanostructure design enables pixels to produce two different colors depending on polarization of incident light Through precise structural control,
A*STAR researchers have encoded a single pixel with two distinct colors and have used this capability to generate a three-dimensional stereoscopic image.
'Having previously used plasmonic materials to generate color prints at the optical diffraction limit by carefully varying the nanostructure size and spacing,
"We decided to extend our research to prints that would exhibit different images depending on the polarization of the incident light,
More broadly, by using the ABE fermentation as an example, the work further sheds light on systems biology toward an integrated and quantitative understanding of complex microbial physiology
The light operates continuously and requires no operator, kills bacteria in the air and on all surfaces,
This High-Intensity Narrow Spectrum (HINS) light is absorbed by molecules within bacteria, producing a chemical reaction that kills the bacteria from the inside
Because the light is visible, it is lethal to pathogens but is safe for use in the presence of patients and staff."
Bursts of light less than one-trillionth of a second long vaporized thin sections of the sample without heating the sample itself."
By varying the wavelengths and intensities of the laser pulses, the researchers were able to observe phases with different properties that are captured on the femtosecond timescale.
The result greatly extends from wavelength multiplexing, the method for carrying many videos over a single optical fiber."
"Essentially, we're leveraging wavelength division multiplexing concepts at the quantum level.""Potential applications for the research include secure communication and information processing, in particular for high-capacity data transfer with minimal error.
along with an international team, have come up with an ingenious way of creating therapeutic heat in a light, flexible design.
when electromagnetic radiation emitted by an object is absorbed by the Q-Eye sensor, even down to the level of very small packets of quantum energy (a single photon).
The work sheds new light onto at least one biological process that mediates neuropathic pain, Inceoglu said.
"Because our membrane is so light, it has an extremely wide frequency response and is able to generate sharp pulses
One advance was the demonstration, by strictly chemical means, of three-dimensional lithography. Existing lithographic techniques create features over flat surfaces.
This method also applies to the 3d lithography of many other semiconductor compounds.""This is a fundamentally new mechanism for etch mask
But nanofabrication techniques like photolithography, in which a polymeric material is written with a structure that is etched into the silicon,
They showed how a single nanoresonator can manipulate light to cast a very large"reflection."
"Making an object look 10,000 times larger than its physical size has lots of implications in technologies related to light,
Much like sound, light can resonate, amplifying itself as the surrounding environment manipulates the physical properties of its wave energy.
which the wavelength of light is much larger than in a vacuum, which allows light waves to resonate more powerfully.
The device condenses light to a size smaller than its wavelength meaning it can gather a lot of light energy,
and then scatters the light over a very large area, harnessing its output for imaging applications that make microscopic particles appear huge."
In addition, Yu envisions simply letting the resonator emit that energy in the form of infrared light toward the sky,
"This research opens up a new way to manipulate the flow of light, and could enable new technologies in light sensing and solar energy conversion,
"Today, nanosecond lasers--lasers that pulse light at one-billionth of a second--are used to record information on DVDS and Blu-ray disks,
by the duration of each"pulse"of light--and by how fast the material itself can shift from one state to the other.
#Potential of blue LEDS as novel chemical-free food preservation technology A team of scientists from the National University of Singapore (NUS) has found that blue light emitting diodes (LEDS) have strong antibacterial
While LEDS are most commonly known as an energy saving light source, they have also been known to have an antibacterial effect.
Bacterial cells contain light sensitive compounds that adsorb light in the visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum (400-430 nm),
or by using very close distance of less than 2 cm between the bacterial suspension and LED light source.
"At the heart of the new technology is a piece of nano-engineered silica glass with ions that fluoresce in infrared light when a low power laser light hits them.
corresponding to red light of a wavelength of 700 nanometers. As more layers were added, the optical gap decreased.
For instance, for five layers, the optical gap value was 0. 8 electron volts, a infrared wavelength of 1550 nanometres.
For very thick layers, the value was around 0. 3 electron volts, a mid-infrared wavelength of around 3. 5 microns.
The study has been hailed by researchers familiar with the work as one of the most important scientific results to date using SLAC's Linac Coherent light Source LCLS), a DOE Office of Science User Facility that is one of the brightest
"The network of silver nanowires is so fine that almost no light for solar energy conversion is lost in the cell due to the shadow,
On the contrary, she hopes"it might even be possible for the silver nanowires to scatter light into the solar cell absorbers in a controlled fashion through
more portable and many times faster by accelerating the heating and cooling of genetic samples with the switch of a light.
This turbocharged thermal cycling, described in a paper in the journal Light: Science & Application, greatly expands the clinical
Once the light is off, the oscillations and the heating stop. Gold, it turns out,
because it is so efficient at absorbing light. It has added the benefit of being inert to biological systems,
The light source was an array of off-the-shelf LEDS positioned beneath the PCR wells. The peak wavelength of the blue LED light was tuned 450 nanometers
to get the most efficient light-to-heat conversion. The researchers were able to cycle from 131 degrees to 203 degrees Fahrenheit 30 times in less than five minutes.
and also that in light of the new findings the textbooks might need some revising t has become increasingly clear that the central nervous system is immune different rather than immune privileged,
For the resonance to work, the thickness of this matched layer and the plasma sheath must be smaller than the wavelengths of the radio signals used for communication, the scientists noted.
ove uses infrared light to illuminate your eye, regardless of eye color, Lochlainn Wilson, Fove CTO, tells Tech in Asia. he iris reflects the same light pretty much across all of humanity.
There are little cameras looking at your eye, but theye not visible, and they track your eye movements.
and Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV) lithography integration at multiple levels. The 7nm chips are the result of the first program out of IBM's 2014 US$3 billion investment in research--a five-year investment that aims to push the limits of chip technology to meet the needs of cloud computing
Another problem concerns EUV lithography.""Current-generation technology is so well known, so well integrated, and so cheap that the marginal cost to use something else is higher than its marginal value,
EUV lithography"will require a top-to-bottom change in the fab--basically a brand new factory with machines that don't exist even in prototypes yet,
Wavelengths are not to scale. Schematic diagram of a gas-filled pressure vessel. The red-to-blue shading represents the temperature gradient in the gas, with the higher (red) temperatures near the top.
Wavelengths are not to scale. Accurate calibrations of gas flow meters issues are of urgent interest to meter manufacturers and calibration labs, with potential impact throughout the natural gas industry.
therefore make them very efficient at absorbing light. The combination of light-absorbing properties with making metals water repellent could lead to more efficient solar absorbers solar absorbers that don rust
and do need not much cleaning. Guo team had blasted previously materials with the lasers and turned them hydrophilic,
While conventional light-sheet microscopes use two awkwardly positioned objective lenses, Hillman realized that she could use a single-objective lens,
lithography holography and biomedical imaging. Based on a chaotic cavity laser the technology combines the brightness of traditional lasers with the lower image corruption of light emitting diodes (LEDS.
The search for better light sources for high-speed full-field imaging applications has been the focus of intense experimentation and research in recent years.
The new laser is described in a paper in the Jan 19 online edition of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
A way to avoid such distortion is by using LED light sources. The problem is LEDS are not bright enough for high-speed imaging.
The group used single-molecule fluorescence spectroscopy to watch the codes being used by the satellite tobacco necrosis virus, a single stranded RNA plant virus.
Silicon solar cells generate electricity by absorbing photons of visible and infrared light, while perovskite cells harvest only the visible part of the solar spectrum where the photons have more energy.
Colin Bailie, Stanford bsorbing the high-energy part of the spectrum allows perovskite solar cells to generate more power per photon of visible light than silicon cells,
or light it likely will degrade. We have a ways to go to show that perovskite solar cells are stable enough to last 25 years.
In 2013 the young start-up company Trilite Technologies had the idea to develop this new kind of display which sends beams of light directly to the viewerseyes.
but also changes the pattern of light emitted, a trait that could be important for the development of quantum devices,
#New catalyst process uses light not metal for rapid polymerization A team of chemistry and materials science experts from University of California,
and light as the stimulus for the highly controlled chemical reaction. he grand challenge in ATRP has been:
Sulphur as a battery material is extremely abundant, relatively light, and very cheap. Unfortunately, the sulphur cathode exhausts itself after only a few cycles
Thanks to this window space, the solar cell obtains adequate light, even in the darkness of winter.
leading to loss of light and a drop in efficiency. By sandwiching the cells between the lenslet arrays,
CPV systems can concentrate the diffuse light and they lose their efficiency advantage. The researchers tested their prototype concentrator panel outside over the course of a day in State College, Penn.
and emits light from across its whole surface. Being so thin, at only 10-40 atoms thick,
Something similar happens to a pulse of light sent through a medium. The pulse is a combination of different colours
(or different wavelengths) and when they are sent through a medium like glass they travel at slightly different speeds.
The nonlinear interaction between the light and the gas atoms in the special fibre makes different wavelengths travel at different velocities.
The components with longer wavelengths travel faster than the short wavelength components. Inside the fibre however there is a carefully designed nanostructure
which allows short wavelengths to travel through the fibre faster than longer ones. The combination of these two opposing effects leads to a compression of the laser pulse.
Usually the different wavelengths of the pulse have to be manipulated with intricate mirror systems to compress the pulse.
allowing scientists to measure the state in an optical microscope. The trick is getting the electron spins in the NV centers to hold onto the stable spin states long enough to perform these logic gate operationsnd being able to transfer information among the individual memory elements to create actual computing networks
he transferred hard mask lithography technique that we have developed in this work would benefit most unconventional substrates that aren suitable for typical high-resolution patterning by electron beam lithography.
The Utah engineers have developed an ultracompact beamsplitter the smallest on record for dividing light waves into two separate channels of information.
and shuttle data with light instead of electrons. Electrical and computer engineering associate professor Rajesh Menon and colleagues describe their invention today in the journal Nature Photonics.
or shuttled is done through light instead of electrons. Image credit: Dan Hixson/University of Utah College of Engineeringsilicon photonics could significantly increase the power and speed of machines such as supercomputers, data center servers and the specialized computers that direct autonomous cars and drones with collision detection.
the photons of light must be converted to electrons before a router or computer can handle the information.
if the data stream remained as light within computer processors. ith all light, computing can eventually be millions of times faster,
(which looks somewhat like a barcode) on top of a silicon chip that can split guided incoming light into its two components.
They say this has the potential to lead to new kinds of light detection, thermal-management systems,
Although the two materials are structurally similar both composed of hexagonal arrays of atoms that form two-dimensional sheets they each interact with light quite differently.
The hybrid material blocks light when a particular voltage is applied to the graphene, while allowing a special kind of emission and propagation,
One of the consequences of this unusual behavior is that an extremely thin sheet of material can interact strongly with light,
while light interacting with hbn produces phonons. Fang and his colleagues found that when the materials are combined in a certain way,
The properties of the graphene allow precise control over light, while hbn provides very strong confinement and guidance of the light.
Combining the two makes it possible to create new etamaterialsthat marry the advantages of both,
The combined materials create a tuned system that can be adjusted to allow light only of certain specific wavelengths
comes from the ability to switch a light beam on and off at the material surface; because the material naturally works at near-infrared wavelengths, this could enable new avenues for infrared spectroscopy,
he says. t could even enable single-molecule resolution, Fang says, of biomolecules placed on the hybrid material surface.
says, his work represents significant progress on understanding tunable interactions of light in graphene-hbn.
including in flexible light sources, solar panels that could be integrated into windows, and membranes to desalinate and purify water.
They have developed the first light-emitting, transparent and flexible paper out of environmentally friendly materials via a simple, suction-filtration method.
because the daughter phase is determined completely by the type of DNA reprogramming strands we use. he scientists were able to observe the structural transformations to various daughter phases using a technique called in situ small-angle x-ray scattering at the National Synchrotron Light source,
which provided the light, a polarizer sat on top of the samples to help separate the tablet light from the emission from the samples.
Now, in a finding that casts new light on the nature of memory, published in Science,
the researchers used optogenetic technology to selectively activate neurons that were labeled genetically during their training in chamber A with a blue light-sensitive protein,
collectively called a emory engram with blue light pulses, the amnestic mice froze just as much as the control mice, indicating that they remembered that they had acquired the memory,
#Revolutionary New High-speed Infrared detector Sees First Light The first prototype of a new generation of fast and very sensitive detectors has been installed successfully on the PIONIER instrument at ESO Paranal Observatory.
These capabilities, unique for an infrared detector, are crucial for many applications, ranging from fundamental science to medicine.
Unlike most of the commercially available detectors, RAPID can spot photons (light particles) of both visible and infrared light (wavelengths from 0. 4. 6 micrometres.
the increased spectral coverage means that far more photons can be gathered, especially from infrared wavelengths, where many objects shine most brilliantly.
PIONIER was chosen as its interferometric combination of light requires a very fast detector to fight against atmospheric turbulence,
and a true revolution in the field of infrared detectors, said ESO astronomer Antoine Merand when first using the camera.
such as compact fluorescent light bulbs, to be recycled this way n
#New imaging technique could make brain tumor removal safer, more effective Brain surgery is famously difficult for good reason:
They used spectroscopy to confirm the formulation as well as visualize the delivery of the particles and drug molecules.
Scientists also can make them glow at certain wavelengths and tune them to release the drugs in the presence of the cellular environment.
#Access to electricity and artificial light shortened time of our sleep Science knows that nowadays people tend to sleep less than they used to before modern times.
But now scientists from University of Washington have conducted the study that links artificial light to our contemporary sleep deprivation.
Results of this research for the first time suggest that access to artificial light and electricity has shortened the amount of sleep humans get each night.
if such simple factor of electricity and artificial light could lead to a smaller amount of sleep during an average week in both the summer and winter.
and can turn on the light at any desired time, while another relies only on natural sunlight.
Researchers found that it was due to people who had the option to turn on lights and go to bed later.
However, artificial light does not just push sleep-wake cycles back, it can also disrupt our circadian clock.
and artificial light affects our sleep habits l
#Smart insulin patch could replace painful injections for diabetes This is the mart insulin patch, developed by researchers in the joint UNC/NC State Biomedical engineering Department.
and the new findings suggest that parasite calcineurin should be a focus for the development of new antimalarial drugs. ur study has great biological and medical significance, particularly in light of the huge disease burden of malaria,
The friction was strong enough for the electrodes to harvest enough energy to power the lights,
or two different objects, based on the intensity of scattered light. The scattered light is detected by a common photodiode,
and the signals are digitized, analyzed and used to calculate the positions of the samples. Crucially, the JILA team verified the stability of the technique by using the two lasers to make two separate, independent measurements of a single sample.
But nanofabrication techniques like photolithography, in which a polymeric material is written with a structure that is etched into the silicon,
the first six patients showed improvement in their vision in dim light and two of the six were able to read more lines on an eye chart.
#Say It With Light: Using LEDS to Move Data Faster It like using fiber optics to communicate only without the fiber.
Imagine connecting to the Internet through the same room lights that brighten your day. A University of Virginia engineering professor and her former graduate student are already there.
and Mohammad Noshad, now a postdoctoral fellow in the Electrical engineering Department at Harvard university, have devised a way of using light waves from light-emitting diode fixtures to carry signals to wireless devices at 300 megabits per second from each light.
so less sharing of the wireless network. e developed a modulation algorithm that increases the throughput of data in visible light communications,
Their breakthrough means that data can be transmitted faster with light waves using no more energy than is required already to run the lights.
VLNCOMM, for Visible light Network Communications, to which Brandt-Pearce is a consultant. The Charlottesville-based firm is developing a prototype for potential investors a desk lamp that provides an Internet connection through light
getting several lights to cooperate to send data to many users in a room, making sure the lighting is good
Visible light communications offer a compact, dual-use, energy saving solution and can provide a high-speed secure network connection for a large number of users.
Visible light communications has the potential to significantly increase the speed of Internet connection in multiuser indoor environments due to the broad bandwidth of the visible light,
and Applied science for 22 years, said the visible light communications project is one of about four or five on
when exposed to light, mimics many of the properties of elastic tissue, such as skin and blood vessels.
This elastic hydrogel is formed by using a light-activated polypeptide. When exposed to light, strong bonds form between the molecules of the gel,
providing mechanical stability without the need for any chemical modifiers to be added to the material.
They can shed new light on the fundamental processes occurring in the nanoscale biological pores that funnel essential ingredients into cells. e also developed some key data processing methods
as in sonar applications. ecause our membrane is so light, it has an extremely wide frequency response
#Surfing a wake of light When a duck paddles across a pond or a supersonic plane flies through the sky, it leaves a wake in its path.
It is possible for something to move faster than the phase velocity of light in a medium
wakes produced as electrical charges travel through liquids faster than the phase velocity of light, emitting a glowing blue wake.
For the first time, Harvard researchers have created similar wakes of light-like waves moving on a metallic surface, called surface plasmons,
said Capasso. ur understanding of optics on the macroscale has led to holograms, Google glass and LEDS,
and harness the power of light on the nanoscale. The creation and control of surface plasmon wakes could lead to new types of plasmonic couplers
and lenses that could create two-dimensional holograms or focus light at the nanoscale. Surface plasmons are confined to the surface of a metal.
The team discovered that the angle of incidence of the light shining onto the metamaterial provides an additional measure of control
and using polarized light can even reverse the direction of the wake relative to the running wave like a wake traveling in the opposite direction of a boat. eing able to control
and manipulate light at scales much smaller than the wavelength of the light is said very difficult
One advance was the demonstration, by strictly chemical means, of three-dimensional lithography. Existing lithographic techniques create features over flat surfaces.
This method also applies to the 3d lithography of many other semiconductor compounds. his is a fundamentally new mechanism for etch mask
In earlier studies, researchers have examined single-electron transport in molecular transistors using top-down approaches, such as lithography and break junctions.
It requires no complicated holography equipment and takes up roughly the same space as a traditional screen.
#Futuristic brain probe allows for wireless control of neurons Scientists used soft materials to create a brain implant a tenth the width of a human hair that can wirelessly control neurons with lights and drugs.
and shine lights on neurons deep inside the brains of mice. The revolutionary device is described online in the journal Cell.
and delivering lights through fiber optic cables. Both options require surgery that can damage parts of the brain
and lights. e used powerful nanomanufacturing strategies to fabricate an implant that lets us penetrate deep inside the brain with minimal damage,
and exposed it to ultraviolet light, which is found in the sun rays and breaks down many materials.
Under the leadership of the Max Planck researchers, a new study has now been shed able to some light on key elements of the mechanism that leads to the release of nitrogen monoxide
But first engineers must build a light source that can be turned on and off that rapidly.
Duke university researchers are now one step closer to such a light source. In a new study, a team from the Pratt School of engineering pushed semiconductor quantum dots to emit light at more than 90 gigahertz.
These oscillations create their own light, which reacts again with the free electrons. Energy trapped on the surface of the nanocube in this fashion is called a plasmon.
No one has been able to create a laser that beams white light. Researchers at Arizona State university have solved the puzzle.
The technological advance puts lasers one step closer to being a mainstream light source and potential replacement or alternative to light emitting diodes (LEDS.
Another important application could be in the future of visible light communication in which the same room lighting systems could be used for both illumination and communication.
The technology under development is called Li-Fi for light-based wireless communication, as opposed to the more prevailing Wi-fi using radio waves.
because the light from a typical laser contains exactly one color, a specific wavelength of the electromagnetic spectrum, rather than a broad-range of different wavelengths.
White light is viewed typically as a complete mixture of all of the wavelengths of the visible spectrum, said Ning,
a blue LED is coated with phosphor materials to convert a portion of the blue light to green, yellow and red light.
This mixture of colored light will be perceived by humans as white light and can therefore be used for general illumination.
Sandia National Labs in 2011 produced high-quality white light from four separate large lasers. The researchers showed that the human eye is as comfortable with white light generated by diode lasers as with that produced by LEDS,
inspiring others to advance the technology. hile this pioneering proof-of-concept demonstration is impressive,
The most preferred light emitting material for semiconductors is indium gallium nitride though other materials such as cadmium sulfide and cadmium selenide also are used for emitting visible colors.
To produce all possible wavelengths in the visible spectral range you need several semiconductors of very different lattice constants
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