the group used light to ionize, or charge, neutral ytterbium atoms emerging from a small heated oven,
and ultraviolet (UV LIGHT to quickly isolate and extract a variety of contaminants from soil and water.
Brandl had synthesized previously polymers that could be cleaved apart by exposure to UV LIGHT. But he and Bertrand came to question their suitability for drug delivery,
since UV LIGHT can be damaging to tissue and cells, and doesn penetrate through the skin.
When they learned that UV LIGHT was used to disinfect water in certain treatment plants, they began to ask a different question. e thought
if they are already using UV LIGHT, maybe they could use our particles as well, Brandl says. hen we came up with the idea to use our particles to remove toxic chemicals, pollutants,
because we saw that the particles aggregate once you irradiate them with UV LIGHT. trap for ater-fearingpollutionthe researchers synthesized polymers from polyethylene glycol,
But when exposed to UV LIGHT, the stabilizing outer shell of the particles is shed, and now nrichedby the pollutants they form larger aggregates that can then be removed through filtration, sedimentation,
if light is polarized so that it runs parallel to the long axis of organic solar cell molecules it will be absorbed;
This design allowed the researchers to make the organized areas of the cell effectively invisible by controlling the polarity of light aimed at the active layer.
Conventional pigments produce colors by selectively absorbing light of different wavelengths#for example red ink appears red
A similar effect can be realized at a much smaller scale by using arrays of metallic nanostructures since light of certain wavelengths excites collective oscillations of free electrons known as plasmon resonances in such structures.
This enhanced resolution at the diffraction limit of light is critical for data storage digital imaging and security applications.
when struck by near-infrared light, and an outer fabric of porphyrin-phospholipids (Pop) that wraps around the core.
when struck by near-infrared light, and an outer fabric of porphyrin-phospholipids (Pop) that wraps around the core.
#Researchers create novel nanobowl optical concentrator for organic solar cell Geometrical light trapping is a simple and promising strategy to largely improve the optical absorption and efficiency of solar cells.
Nonetheless implementation of geometrical light trapping in organic photovoltaic (OPV) is challenging due to the fact that uniform organic active layer can rarely be achieved on textured substrate.
Nanobowl optical concentrator for efficient light trapping and high-performance organic photovoltaics. Science Bulletin. DOI: 10.1007/s11434-014-0693
To do this they integrated an electromagnetic tweezers with an optical microscope and used a novel microfluidic chip to monitor the interaction of individual nanorods with two human breast cancer cell lines that express the Erbb family of receptors at different rates.
allowing the device to project beams of colored light. Michael Mcalpine the lead researcher cautioned that the lens is designed not for actual use for one it requires an external power supply.
The researchers used tiny crystals called quantum dots to create the LEDS that generated the colored light.
Most conventional lithography uses a variety of techniques to focus light on a photosensitive film to create 2-D patterns.
but bend and scatter the light that passes through them in predictable ways according to the angle that the light takes when it hits the nanosphere.
The researchers can also use one beam of light or multiple beams of light allowing them to create a wide variety of nanostructure designs.
We are using the nanosphere to shape the pattern of light which gives us the ability to shape the resulting nanostructure in three dimensions without using the expensive equipment required by conventional techniques Chang says.
And it allows us to create 3-D structures all at once without having to make layer after layer of 2-D patterns.
while also being light in weight he said. The molecule they compressed is benzene a flat ring containing six carbon atoms and six hydrogen atoms.
or light sources this is a groundbreaking new direction. The research team received funding for their study from the Israel Ministry of Science and Technology the European Research Council and the Biotechnology and Biological sciences Research Council.
Piero Baglioni sheds light on the main benefits of these new products the advances made by his team
and manipulation including deep ultraviolet light. These applications are possible because nanoporous materials facilitate anomalous enhancement of transmitted
(or reflected light through the tunneling of surface plasmons a feature widely usable by light-emitting devices plasmonic lithography refractive-index-based sensing and all-optical switching.
"AFM can reveal far smaller structures than optical microscopes, "Dr Hoogenboom explained, "but it's feeling rather than seeing.
Each pixel can exhibit one of two colors depending on the polarization of the light used to illuminate it.
but instead the depth perception and 3d effect is created simply by viewing the print through an optical microscope coupled with polarizers.
metal nanostructures can scatter different wavelengths (colors) of light due to the fact that the tiny nanostructures themselves resonate at different wavelengths.
or rectangle) its resonance will depend on the polarization of the incident light. By tailoring the exact dimensions of the biaxial nanopixels researchers can generate different colors under different polarizations.
For example a 130-nm x 190-nm elliptical pixel appears green under y-polarized light
First it lights up when it detects tumour cells to allow scientists to take a better look.
when it is activated by near-infrared light emitted by an imaging device and only if tumour cells release small signalling molecules.
Prof Zhang said the use of near-infrared light which is invisible to the human eye is unique as most imaging techniques use ultraviolet light or visible light.
Near-infrared light can penetrate 3 to 4 cm beyond the skin to deep tissue much deeper than visible light.
It also does not cause any damage to healthy cells unlike ultraviolet or visible light added Prof Zhang a materials expert.
Visible light also causes photo bleaching which is the destruction of the fluorescence dye that reduces the amount of time doctors
#The drugs are released when the biomarker lights up in response to the near-infrared light. This is the first time we are able to do bio-imaging
and then hardening it with the light of a camera flash. The resulting device responded to touch even
#Study suggests light may be skewing lab tests on nanoparticles'health effects Truth shines a light into dark places.
It turns out that previous tests indicating that some nanoparticles can damage our DNA may have been skewed by inadvertent light exposure in the lab. Nanoparticles made of titanium dioxide are a common ingredient in paint
where they help block ultraviolet light) and even within it (in foodstuffs such as salad dressings to make them appear whiter).
It is well known that in the presence of light and water, these particles can form dangerous, highly reactive chemicals called free radicals that can damage DNA.
Because light does not reach the human body's interior, scientists have accepted long that these nanoparticles would not damage cells by forming free radicals from light activation.
or ultraviolet light while others were kept carefully and intentionally in complete darkness from the moment of exposure to the time the DNA damage was measured.
or ultraviolet light did the DNA form base lesions, a form of DNA damage associated with attack by radicals.
The culprit in earlier studies may be ambient light from the laboratory that inadvertently caused DNA damage."
and using a blue backlight to energize them, QD Vision has developed an optical component that can boost the color gamut for LCD televisions by roughly 50 percent,
pixels are illuminated by a white LED backlight that passes through blue, red, and green filters to produce the colors on the screen.
But this actually requires phosphors to convert a blue light to white; because of this process, much light is lost,
and displays only reach about 70 to 80 percent of the National Television Standard Committee color gamut.
Manufacturers use a blue LED in the backlight, but without the need for conversion phosphors.
As blue light passes through the Color IQ tube, some light shines through as pure blue light
With more light shining through the pixels, LCD TVS equipped with Color IQ produce 100 percent of the color gamut,
and they can be used in dim light; they will even work on a cloudy day.""Or indoors,"Lou said."
titanium dioxide and light-capturing organic dye particles, the largest cells were only 350 microns thickhe equivalent of about two sheets of papernd could be flexed easily and repeatedly.
but the fundamentals of computation, mixing two inputs into a single output, currently require too much space and power when done with light.
but it's not easy to do with light, as light waves don't normally interact with one another."
"The difficulty inherent in"mixing"light may seem counterintuitive, given the gamut of colors on TV
Red and blue light are experienced simply simultaneously, rather than combined into a single purple wavelength. So-called"nonlinear"materials are capable of this kind of mixing,
"To reduce the volume of the material and the power of the light needed to do useful signal mixing,
but, by changing the polarization of the light as it entered the nanowire, the researchers were able to better confine it to the frequency-altering, nonlinear part of the device:
so that light is contained mostly within the cadmium sulfide rather than at the interface between it and the silver shell,
Ultimately, we want to be able to tune the light to whatever frequency is needed, which can be done by altering the size of the nanowire and the shell."
either using optical (light-based) detection where nanoparticles are used to either emit light directly or change the optical properties of their surroundings or magnetic systems.
and then get heated up by a beam of light to destroy the cancer cells. This now has got as far as human trials for head
These antennae concentrate the light shining on them into tiny regions located in the gap between the nano particles.
what gap was required between particles to best concentrate the light but we now have the technology to test it.
Previous attempts by other research teams to visualise nanodiamonds under powerful light microscopes have run into the obstacle that the diamond material per se is transparent to visible light.
and far more stably via the interaction between the illuminating light and the vibrating chemical bonds in the diamond lattice structure which results in scattered light at a different colour.
and generate a light, called coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS). By focusing these laser beams onto the nanodiamond,
These x-ray studies were conducted at Brookhaven's National Synchrotron Light source (NSLS. We were able to test the battery cycling in situ meaning we could watch the effects of increasing heat in real time said Brookhaven Lab chemist and study coauthor Seong Min Bak.
Brookhaven's National Synchrotron Light source II will be a game-changer for this kind of experimentation and
Gold nanoparticles on the surface of the receptacle change the colour of the light detected by the instrument.
the gold nanoparticles change the colour of the light detected by the instrument. And the colour of the light detected reflects the exact concentration of the drug in the blood sample.
The accuracy of the measurements taken by the new device were compared with those produced by equipment used at the Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital in Montreal."
Our eyes recognize many materials by their characteristic colors which are related to their visible light absorption spectra.
The x-ray photons used in this study have energies that are about 250 times higher than those of visible light
and are generated at Berkeley Lab's Advanced Light source (ALS). Typical XAS measurements are made under vacuum conditions as x-rays are absorbed readily by matter even the nitrogen molecules in air.
or"soft"X rays produced by the Advanced Light source at Lawrence Berkeley National Labs to probe the structure of the BCP film from multiple angles.
and optogenetics which involves genetically modifying cells to create specific light-reactive proteins. RE-NET seeks to develop new tools
or light to temporarily activate neurons. Therefore it could not only provide better observation of native functionality
The resulting products display a foam-like porous structure ideal for maximizing the benefits of graphene with the porosity tunable from ultra-light to highly dense through simple changes in experimental conditions.
Brighter new energy saving flat panel lights based on carbon nanotubes Even as the 2014 Nobel prize in Physics has enshrined light emitting diodes (LEDS) as the single most significant and disruptive energy-efficient lighting solution of today scientists
Scientists from Tohoku University in Japan have developed a new type of energy-efficient flat light source based on carbon nanotubes with very low power consumption of around 0. 1 Watt for every hour's operation
or cathode and scratched the surface with sandpaper to form a light panel capable of producing a large stable and homogenous emission current with low energy consumption.
Brightness efficiency tells people how much light is being produced by a lighting source when consuming a unit amount of electric power
Although the device has a diode-like structure its light-emitting system is not based on a diode system
Field emission electron sources catch scientists'attention due to its ability to provide intense electron beams that are about a thousand times denser than conventional thermionic cathode (like filaments in an incandescent light bulb.
Many researchers have attempted to construct light sources with carbon nanotubes as field emitter Shimoi said. But nobody has developed an equivalent and simpler lighting device.
and an imaging function all stimulated on demand by a single light source. The nanoparticles also include the cell-targeting property essential for treating
The system is built around a polyethylene-glycol-based polymer that carries a small peptide component that allows it to bind preferentially to specific cell types The polymer itself serves as a photosensitizer that can be stimulated by light to release reactive oxygen species (ROS.
and chemotherapy with triggered drug release through one light switch explains Liu emphasizing the significance of the system.
The white light used in this work does not penetrate tissue sufficiently for in vivo applications Liu explains
and chemotherapy with on-demand drug release upon irradiation with a single light source. Angewandte Chemie International Edition 53 7163#7168 (2014.
#Nanoparticles break the symmetry of light How can a beam of light tell the difference between left and right?
Instead, the light can be directed either to the left or to the right. This has become possible by employing a remarkable physical effect the spin-orbit coupling of light.
this light is emitted not just into one direction.""A particle in free space will always emit as much light into one particular direction as it emits into the opposite direction,
whether the light emitted by the particle travels left or right in the glass fibre. Bicycles and Airplane propellers This is only possible
"Usually, the light oscillates in a plane perpendicular to its direction of propagation. If the oscillation is circular,
It is exactly the same with the beams of light in the ultra-thin glass fibre.
the emitted light will thus propagate into just one particular direction inside the glass fibre either to the left or to the right.
Kim also made his nanosheets responsive to near-infrared light a wavelength of light that is harmless to humans.
The narrower the band of absorbed light is the more sensitive the biosensor. Currently plasmonic absorbers used in biosensors have a resonant bandwidth of 50 nanometers said Koray Aydin assistant professor of electrical engineering and computer science at Northwestern University's Mccormick School of engineering and Applied science.
Aydin and his team have created a new nanostructure that absorbs a very narrow spectrum of light#having a bandwidth of just 12 nanometers.
The absorption of light is also high exceeding 90 percent at visible frequencies. Aydin said this design can also be used in applications for photothermal therapy thermophotovoltaics heat-assisted magnetic recording thermal emission and solar-steam generation.
#Blades of grass inspire advance in organic solar cells Using a biomimicking analog of one of nature's most efficient light-harvesting structures blades of grass an international research team led by Alejandro Briseno of the University of Massachusetts Amherst
has taken a major step in developing long-sought polymer architecture to boost power-conversion efficiency of light to electricity for use in electronic devices.
and like grass blades they are particularly effective at converting light to energy. The advance not only addresses the problem of dead ends or discontinuous pathways that make for inefficient energy transfer
Most of the sun's energy reaches us within a specific band of wavelengths Chou explains ranging from the ultraviolet through visible light and into the near-infrared.
Particle size and chemical composition are determined by dynamic light scattering, analytical centrifugation, electron microscopy and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS),
or less fluoresce under ultraviolet light. Because of this property silicon nanoparticles may one day serve as easily detectable"tags"for tracking nanosized substances in biological, environmental or other dynamic systems s
when irradiated with light or under external electromagnetic fields. Our main interest in QDS is for the fabrication of high efficiency solar cells says Yamaguchi.
and light sources thanks to the unprecedented properties it offers: very low electrical resistance high thermal conductivity and mechanically stretchable yet harder than diamond.
and light emitting devices to be manufactured. Until recently fabrication of TMDCS such as Mos2 has been difficult as most techniques produce only flakes typically just a few hundred square microns in area.
#Single unlabelled biomolecules can be detected through light Being able to track individual biomolecules and observe them at work is every biochemist's dream.
Researchers at the Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light have taken a big step closer to this goal.
they have amplified the interaction of light with DNA to the extent that they can now track interactions between individual DNA molecule segments.
Although light can be used to detect unlabelled biomolecules, the approach cannot be used to detect single DNA molecules,
and Biosensors at the Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light has succeeded now in amplifying the interaction of light with DNA molecules to the extent that their photonic biosensor can be used to observe single unlabelled molecules and their interactions.
The microsphere and nanowire amplify the interaction between light and molecules. With the help of a prism, the researchers shine laser light into the microsphere.
The light is reflected repeatedly at the internal surface of the sphere until, ultimately, it propagates along the inside surface,
If a molecule is fixed to the surface of the glass bead, the light beam travels past it more than a hundred thousand times.
This interaction is amplified greatly due to the frequent contact between the light and the molecule. However
The light whizzing past generates plasmons: collective oscillations of electrons.""The plasmons pull the light wave a little further out of the glass microsphere,
"Vollmer explains. This amplifies the field strength of the light wave by a factor of more than a thousand.
the wavelength of the light shifts and is amplified by the microsphere and nanowire. This shift can be measured.
and transport fundamental particles of light called photons. The tiny device is just. 7 micrometers by 50 micrometer (about. 00007 by. 005 centimeters) and works almost like a seesaw.
Even though the particles of light have no mass the captured photons were able to play seesaw
so that the quantum physics of light can be revealed and harnessed. The ability to mechanically control photon movement as opposed to controlling them with expensive and cumbersome optoelectronic devices could represent a significant advance in technology said Huan Li the lead author of the paper.
They expect that such devices could play a role in developing microelectronic circuits that would use light instead of electrons to carry data
Breakthrough in light sources for new quantum technology More information: Optomechanical photon shuttling between photonic cavities Nature Nanotechnology (2014) DOI:
#A nanosized hydrogen generator (Phys. org) esearchers at the US Department of energy's (DOE) Argonne National Laboratory have created a small scale"hydrogen generator"that uses light
"For Rozhkova, this particular building block is inspired by the function of an ancient protein known to turn light into energy.
and platinum and then exposing them to ultraviolet light. There is just one downside: titanium dioxide only reacts in the presence of ultraviolet light,
which makes up a mere four percent of the total solar spectrum. If the researchers wanted to power their generators with sunlight,
In order to produce greater amounts of hydrogen using visible light, the researchers looked for a new material.
Graphene is a super strong, super light, near totally transparent sheet of carbon atoms and one of the best conductors of electricity ever discovered.
both the br protein and the graphene platform absorb visible light. Electrons from this reaction are transmitted to the titanium dioxide on
making the titanium dioxide sensitive to visible light. Simultaneously, light from the green end of the solar spectrum triggers the br protein to begin pumping protons along its membrane.
In 2012, they demonstrated a tunable device that can absorb 99.75%of infrared light, appearing black to infrared cameras.
you're dynamically controlling how light interacts with this material.""Further ahead, Researchers at the Center for Integrated Quantum Materials, established at Harvard in 2013 through a grant from the National Science Foundation,
#Study sheds new light on why batteries go bad A comprehensive look at how tiny particles in a lithium ion battery electrode behave shows that rapid-charging the battery
and took them to Berkeley Lab for examination with intense X-rays from the Advanced Light source synchrotron a DOE Office of Science User Facility.
and light that can be captured by a high-quality digital camera. The film, just one-60th the thickness of a human hair, is a sort of"electronic skin"able to sense texture and relative stiffness.
Ruffieux and his team have noticed that particularly narrow graphene nanoribbons absorb visible light exceptionally well and are therefore highly suitable for use as the absorber layer in organic solar cells.
which absorbs light equally at all wavelengths the light absorption in graphene nanoribbons can be increased enormously in a controlled way
#Ultra-thin high-speed detector captures unprecedented range of light waves New research at the University of Maryland could lead to a generation of light detectors that can see below the surface of bodies walls and other objects.
The light we see illuminating everyday objects is actually only a very narrow band of wavelengths and frequencies.
The light in these terahertz wavelengths can pass through materials that we normally think of as opaque such as skin plastics clothing and cardboard.
because when light is absorbed by the electrons suspended in the honeycomb lattice of the graphene they do not lose their heat to the lattice
New'T-ray'tech converts light to sound for weapons detection medical imaging More information: Sensitive Room-temperature Terahertz Detection via Photothermoelectric Effect in Graphene Xinghan Cai et al.
and organic light emitting diodes (OLED) technology to achieve full colour and video functionality. Lightweight flexible active-matrix backplanes may also be used for sensors
and light along the same tiny wire a finding that could be a step towards building computer chips capable of transporting digital information at the speed of light.
because devices that focus light cannot be miniaturized nearly as well as electronic circuits said Goodfellow. The new results hold promise for guiding the transmission of light
The researchers say the next step is to demonstrate their primitive circuit with light emitting diodes.
when exposed to light, and that technology has enabled a fast-growing industry. The most familiar designs use rigid layers of silicon crystal.
acts as a large solar system that can be used to recharge portable electronics and lights for the upcoming night of camping."
"A lot of the understanding being developed here can also be applied to make better organic light emitting diodes, "Richter explains.
For the impedance spectroscopy measurements, the sample was installed beneath an LED broadband white light, calibrated to one Sun illumination (natural sunlight).
"We can also do these same measurements absent the light source along the same voltage range,
because they can see far smaller structures than regular light or X-ray microscopes. They use electrons
which are hundreds of times smaller than the wavelengths of light to map the landscape all the way down to molecules and even atoms.
We show that SERS image-guided resection is more accurate than resection using white light visualization alone.
"The researchers have demonstrated already that the junction interacts with light much more strongly than the rest of the monolayer,
and blue light in much the same way the human eye does. The new device was created by researchers at Rice's Laboratory for Nanophotonics (LANP)
Based on that hypothesis LANP graduate student Bob Zheng the lead author of the new Advanced Materials study set out to design a photonic system that could detect colored light.
You get this funneling of light into a concentrated area. Not only are we using the photodetector as an amplifier we're also using the plasmonic color filter as a way to increase the amount of light that goes into the detector he said.
modern materials that are light, flexible and highly conductive have extraordinary technological potential, whether as artificial skin or electronic paper.
which way the light is shining through it. The glass is made of finely ground silver
Similar to the Lycurgus cup, the new holograms can change colors due to light scattering off silver nanoparticles of specific sizes and shapes.
"This exceptional piece changes in color according to the position of the light source. If illuminated from one side it looks green,
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