Radioactive decay

Radiation (470)
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Synopsis: Domenii: Nuclear physics: Nuclear physics generale: Decay: Radioactive decay:

orientation or radiation. Anyone with the right equipment, and a bit of know-how, will be able to follow all the spacecraft from the ground. hat wee been able to do with Kicksat is tap into the developments in consumer electronics,

#Promising drug candidate protects against radiation exposure from nuclear fallout The 2011 Fukushima disaster was a stark reminder of the continuing dangers posed by nuclear fallout,

highlighting the need for an approved drug that can be taken after radiation exposure to protect against organ injury and death.

& Biology identifies a drug candidate called DBIBB that increases the survival of mice suffering from radiation syndrome,

even when treatment started three days after radiation exposure. The findings suggest that DBIBB shows promise for becoming the first drug capable of treating acute radiation syndrome caused by the high levels of radiation released by nuclear explosions."

"The 21st Century has presented humankind with unforeseen challenges, including the possibility of radiation terrorism, "said senior study author Gábor Tigyi, a professor of physiology at the University of Tennessee Health Science Center (UTHSC)."

"We hope that the scientific community and our efforts will provide protection through medical countermeasures against the harmful effects of ionizing radiation

and also help humans to benefit from the useful effects of nuclear technology.""Nuclear explosions can expose humans to high levels of ionizing radiation,

which can cause cell death and organ injury due to DNA damage. Although some agents tested by the military can provide some protection against radiation sickness when taken prior to radiation exposure,

no approved drug is taken effective when after radiation exposure. In previous studies, Tigyi and his collaborators found that a molecule called lysophosphatidic acid (LPA),

which is generated naturally during the course of blood clotting, activates the LPA2 receptor to protect against radiation-induced cell death.

The researchers also previously identified an LPA-like compound that protected mice from radiation-induced death

but it did not specifically target the LPA2 receptor or possess the desired drug-like potency required for clinical use.

which is expressed abundantly in the most radiation-sensitive types of cells in mammalian tissues. The resulting compound, called DBIBB, protected mouse embryonic skin cells from radiation-induced DNA damage

and enhanced the survival of radiation-exposed blood cells, intestinal cells, and other types of cells from mice and humans.

Moreover 93%of mice that were treated with DBIBB three days after radiation exposure remained alive 30 days later,

compared with only 20%of mice that were treated not with the drug candidate. This promising compound will soon join the regulatory pipeline of a biotech company called Rxbio Inc,

"Humankind might soon have a defense against unintended radiation exposure, "he says.""This technology can potentially also help cancer patients from the side effects of radiation therapy and astronauts from chronic exposure to cosmic rays on their journey to Mars. s

#Radiation Hormone Therapy Prolong Survival for Older Men With Prostate Cancer Adding radiation treatment to hormone therapy saves more lives among older men with locally advanced prostate therapy than hormone

The researchers found that hormone therapy plus radiation reduced cancer deaths by nearly 50 percent in men aged 76 to 85 compared to men who only received hormone therapy.

#Radiation plus hormone therapy is such a treatment for men with aggressive prostate cancerssaid lead author Justin E. Bekelman MD an assistant professor of Radiation Oncology Medical Ethics and Health policy at Penn

Two landmark clinical trials have shown that radiation plus hormone therapy produces a large and significant improvement in survival in younger men relative to hormone therapy alone

Addressing this question for the first time Penn research team compared the combination of radiation plus hormone therapy

Among men age 65 to 75 years old radiation plus hormone therapy was associated with a reduction in prostate cancer deaths of 57 percent relative to hormone therapy alone

Similarly among men age 76 to 85 years old radiation plus hormone therapy was associated with a reduction in prostate cancer deaths of 49 percent relative to hormone therapy alone

In both groups radiation plus hormone therapy was associated also with about one-third fewer deaths from any cause.

Importantly the clinical trials have shown that the side effects of radiation plus hormone therapy are very acceptable relative to hormone therapy alone. lder men with aggressive prostate cancers should know that the combination of radiation plus

The Penn-led study examined radiation treatment and hormone therapy in the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) Medicare database.

where the sun emits more than 40%of its radiation. By improving the reflectance of the materials,

by necessity in radiation? These issues have been addressed by a pan-European research project, Nozzleinspect, backed by#1. 1 million in EU funds.

The new technology cuts down human intervention and potential exposure to radiation.""The Nozzleinspect robot can identify any cracks, porous walls or other defaults inside the material to a greater degree (30%more precise than any other technology),

while keeping humans away from radiation,"says project leader Dimos Liaptsis. Nozzle sections, which are made from steel,

Most inspections are carried out with conventional ultrasonic testing that requires frequent changes of the probes in a high radiation environment,

Germany and colleagues from Spain and India, has developed such a detector for UV radiation. This particular detector has a bandwidth of only six nanometres (nm.

which helps to reduce the scattered background radiation. Prof. Dr Holger T. Grahn from the PDI headed the team of researchers,

and detects UV radiation of only 360 nm n

#Biofuels to be processed by oil refineries EU research seeks to run yesterday's refineries on next-gen fuels.

they thought food could be poisoned with radiation or something, but fast forward 30 years, and there's one in every household.

telling them about federal guidelines on the amount of radiation that cell phones can emit

or bra could be increased at risk of radiation exposure, said Joel M. Moskowitz, director of the Center for Family and Community Health at University of California, Berkeley School of Public health.

What the law does not require is that consumers be provided information about the specific health risks of being exposed to radiation.

In 2011, the World health organization classified the kind of low energy radiation that cell phones emit as"possibly carcinogenic"because of a link between cell phone use and a type of malignant brain tumor called glioma and a benign brain tumor called acoustic neuroma.

which emit less radiation than cell phones, had 40%to 70%higher glioma risk.""There are individual studies

they were not in a part of the brain that researchers predict would be affected by cell phone radiation.

Cell phones (and to a lesser extent cordless phones) give off non-ionizing radiation, which unlike ionizing radiation such as X-rays,

CT SCANS and radon do not have the potential to damage DNA.""There is no known pathway for any adverse health effects,

Even though non-ionizing radiation does not seem to affect the body in the way that ionizing radiation can,

and could at least in theory be more vulnerable to the effects of phone radiation. The Mobi-Kids study is currently comparing cell phone use between 2,

Unlike its neighbor Berkeley, San francisco would have required cellphone retailers to post information about health concerns and carcinogenic potential of cell phone radiation."

There are a number of ways to reduce exposure to cell phone radiation, if users are worried about the possibility of health risks,

That could save many cancer patients from undergoing chemotherapy and radiation treatment for breast and other common cancers.

In collaboration with Amato Giaccia professor of radiation oncology the researchers gave intravenous treatments of this bioengineered decoy protein to mice with aggressive breast and ovarian cancers.

and radiation despite the drug effectiveness to prevent DCIS recurrence and to lower the risk of future breast cancer. elivering the drug though a gel,

and radiation are given oral tamoxifen for five years to reduce the risk of the DCIS recurring at the same place

The problem LÃNARD says is that terahertz radiation typically requires an antenna to achieve coupling into a single nanotube due to the relatively large size of terahertz waves.

and semiconducting nanotubes soaks up all of the incoming terahertz radiation. rying to do that with a different kind of material would be nearly impossible

#LED scanner safely peeks inside your brain New brain-scanning technology that shines dozens of tiny LED LIGHTS on the head works as well as more traditional methods without radiation exposure and bulky magnets.

which involves radiation exposure. Because DOT technology does not use radiation, multiple scans performed over time could be used to monitor the progress of patients treated for brain injuries, developmental disorders such as autism,

neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson, and other diseases. Unlike fmri and PET, DOT technology is designed to be portable,

. or insects one of the major hypotheses is that angiosperm radiation correlated with the diversification of insects.

The radiation extends across the entire electromagnetic spectrum from radio waves and visible light to X-rays and gamma rays.

and microwave radiation where sensitive light detection is most difficult. e have demonstrated light detection from terahertz to near-infrared frequencies a range about 100 times larger than the visible spectrumsays Professor Michael Fuhrer of the School of Physics

but also the waveform of emitted terahertz radiation totally and dynamically changes in response to molecular adsorption and desorption.

Laser pulses generated coherent bursts of terahertz radiation through a built-in surface electric field of the indium phosphide substrate that changed due to charge transfer between the graphene and the contaminating molecules.

or energized with electrons stripped from the atoms in resulting intense radiation as shockwaves. These shockwaves led to the formation of the network of cool filaments containing cold molecular hydrogen made of two hydrogen atoms.

or the batteries have no charge remaining. n addition to the applications discussed above such technology could be extended to other radiations such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and light detection and ranging (LIDAR)

when designing nuclear reactors is finding materials that can withstand the massive temperatures, radiation, physical stress and corrosive conditions of these extreme environments.

Exposure to high radiation alone produces significant damage at the nanoscale, so scientists at Los alamos National Laboratory, New mexico, have been working on a mechanism that allows nanocrystalline materials to heal themselves after suffering radiation-induced damage.

This gives hope for materials that will improve the reliability, safety and lifespan of nuclear energy systems.

Radiation can cause individual atoms or groups of atoms to be jarred out of place, leaving behind an empty space known as a vacancy.

so scientists have thought that these materials would be more tolerant to radiation than their larger-grain counterparts.

which allows for effective self-healing of radiation-induced defects. Using three different computer simulation methods

On the shorter timescales, radiation-damaged materials underwent a oadingprocess at the grain boundaries, in

or accelerate the design of highly radiation-tolerant materials for the next generation of nuclear energy applications.

Another system, developed at the UK's National Physical Laboratory, uses radio frequencies, microwaves, terahertz radiation and far-infrared light to determine the ripeness of strawberries

##A detector attached to the rear windshield can scan the air for increased radiation levels,

the US government shut down its research into the radioactive element, preferring to go the uranium route.

of which contain gamma radiation. And many supporters of green energy believe the nuclear equation should be abandoned not solved.

"Luminescent solar concentrators generate electricity by concentrating radiation most often, non-ionizing solar radiation. They convert it by luminescence

and operate on the principle of collecting radiation over a large area. The MSU team's breakthrough uses specially-developed,

and radiation to destroy their own blood-producing stem cells. The procedure leaves them vulnerable to infection,

#Ephemeral third ring of radiation makes appearance around Earth First discovered in 1958, the Van allen belts have been thought to comprise two reservoirs of high-speed,

NASATHE two Van allen Probes orbit through the radiation belts that surround Earth, shown in cross section in this artist's impression.

Their giant but crude microwave receiver saw the radiation as being the same in all directions,

The cosmic microwave background radiation studied by Planck dates from about 380,000 years after the Big bang, by

they found that elevated levels of NHE9 are associated with resistance to radiation, chemotherapy and poorer prognoses for patients with glioblastomas.

or radioactive labels to pinpoint the virus location in a tissue sample, sometimes have difficulty distinguishing the targetiv RNA and DNAROM surrounding cellular components.

and plants exposed to radiation beyond low Earth orbit. China has partnered also with a Luxembourg-based firm called Luxspace to send a tiny spacecraft called the Manfred Memorial Moon Mission around the moon.

#Desktop sonic black hole emits Hawking radiation A model black hole that traps sound instead of light has been caught emitting quantum particles thought to be the analogue of the theoretical Hawking radiation.

But in 1974 Stephen Hawking of the University of Cambridge predicted they should emit a faint glow of particles now known as Hawking radiation.

and becomes observable as Hawking radiation. The glow from real-life black holes would be too faint to see so to confirm Hawking's prediction physicists have built artificial black holes that mimic the event horizon.

The team claimed this had produced Hawking radiation but other researchers questioned whether it used the same physics as a real black hole horizon.

Now the team claims that their black hole has produced just the kind of Hawking radiation expected of a real black hole.

A black hole should really produce Hawking radiation. The team used one laser to confine the BEC to a narrow tube

Physicists call this effect a black hole laser The Hawking radiation exponentially grows it self-amplifies Steinhauer says.

In the future he hopes to improve his detectors to sense radiation from a single horizon which could help determine

Because UV radiation can damage DNA that would have made it difficult for any but the most extreme forms of life to survive.

The bacteria received radiation doses far more intense than conditions on early Earth. When the samples were returned to the lab the microbes in the glass discs were dead.

The team's findings provide the first direct evidence that crystal cocoons formed by impacts might have been radiation-proof cradles for early life (International Journal of Astrobiology doi. org/tcs.

and black hole radiation are still not very well understood making it difficult to tell whether the simulation gets them right.

ever since appear in every direction in the sky as the cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation. But other things apart from gravitational waves such as dust can emit polarised photons.

If the aligned dust contains iron the particles'slight vibrations due to their own heat would produce polarised microwave radiation says Mertsch.

And Jupiter's strong magnetic field means that intense radiation surrounds the moon which makes it difficult for spacecraft to operate.

and human exploration says Paul Spudis of the Lunar and Planetary Institute in Houston Texas. Astronauts could drink moon water extracted from its rocks or use it as radiation shielding.

and radiation conditions at Mars he says. This was a problem for Chandrayaan-1 which discovered water on the lunar surface but died more than a year early

But extreme UV radiation coming from space is absorbed by the Earth's atmosphere so it is not observable from the ground says Sawai.

Sprint-A will help from afar by looking for the extreme UV radiation generated as the solar wind slams into the upper atmospheres of both Mars

Instead the smaller cheaper machine might help labs around the world study deep-space objects such as powerful radiation jets squirted out by black holes.

The planet also only briefly had a magnetic field to protect its surface from cosmic radiation

Unlike with previous soil samples this time the drill has dug beneath the surface layers of rock that have been altered by wind and radiation.

#8th-century tree rings hint at close-range space blast A blast of radiation that hit Earth circa AD 770 may have been caused not by a solar flare but by the energetic debris from the collision of two nearby neutron stars.

So you could filter how much solar radiation you want coming in and also shed raindrops. This is an opportunity for the future.

It protects the body from the hazards of ultraviolet and other radiation that can damage cells and lead to skin cancer,

including environmental pollutants, ultraviolet light, and radiation. Fortunately, cells have several major DNA repair systems that can fix this damage,

or to determine how much radiation treatment a patient can tolerate. The researchers also believe this test could be exploited to screen for new drugs that inhibit

such as radiation. Another important application for this test could be studying fundamental biological processes such as how cells recruit backup repair systems to fill in

Using this kind of sensor doctors may be able to better determine radiation doses and to monitor whether treatments are having the desired effect according to the researchers who describe the device in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences the week of April 21.

and predict how it might respond to radiation treatment according to the researchers. Radiation kills tumors by initiating DNA damage

but oxygen is required to help finish the job. An accurate reading of how much oxygen is present would help doctors calculate how much radiation might be necessary.

Measuring oxygen levels could also reveal the metastatic potential of a tumor: Those with lower oxygen levels tend to spread more aggressively.

a professor of radiation oncology at Harvard Medical school and Massachusetts General Hospital. ur knowledge about the abundance of extracellular matrix proteins in tumors has been limited.

There are plans to add sensors for radiation, temperature and carbon monoxide in future models. For this first manufacturing run, the startup aims to gather feedback from police,

Other applications of nanoporous metals include supporting the development of new metamaterials (engineered materials) for radiation-enhanced filtering

and resist radiation. The potential to pack more gates onto a chip is especially important.

and radiation properties of the material as a whole said Pratik Dholabhai principal Los alamos National Laboratory researcher on the project.

It is in the chemical makeup of these interfaces where we can improve features such as tolerance against radiation damage and fast ion conduction.

and radiation damage resistance of oxide nanocomposites by controlling the termination chemistry at the interface.

and can be done at synchrotrons such as ALS or SLAC's Stanford Synchrotron radiation Lightsource also a DOE Office of Science User Facility.

"This is more like an ultrasound, providing immediate results without radiation and not as uncomfortable as a mammogram."

Under the guidance of Canada Research Chair in Materials science with Synchrotron radiation Dr. Alexander Moewes University of Saskatchewan researcher Adrian Hunt spent his Phd investigating graphene oxide a cutting-edge material that he hopes will shape the future

or use the propellers to deliver tiny doses of radiation. The applications seem wide, varied,

and they are singling out its ability to be applied to lightweight temperature-sensitive structures such as aluminum absorbing 99.96%of incident radiation;

amplifying the light radiation in hot spots regions of the antenna, explains Pietro Giuseppe Gucciardi, a physicist at the Institute for Chemical-Physical Processes, affiliated with the Italian National Research Council CNR, in Messina,

"The X-ray radiation damages the samples during the measurement so that they gradually change and even deform.

As a result, the measurement resolution is limited by this radiation dose, especially with sensitive objects such as biological materials,"explains Holler."

which means that we can also exploit the advantages of the method for measurements on radiation-sensitive materials."

In addition the scientists have invented a means of simultaneously using the nanowire tips as LEDS to illuminate a tiny sample region with optical radiation

Optical radiation can serve to excite the sample in a different way from the microwave signal

A Bright Flash From The Sun At 8: 30 p m. Eastern time yesterday a solar flare peaked on the surface of the sun emitting an intense burst of radiation.

#A Smartphone App That Detects Radiation In A Disaster Disaster City is your one-stop for about every catastrophe you can think of.

a smartphone app that detects radiation. Gammapix which sounds like one of those weird apps you accidentally find in the App store

and Android#that can be used for the detection of radioactivity in everyday life such as exposure on airplanes from medical patients or from contaminated products.

and give a picture of radioactivity#in the area. The company says it works from up to 100 meters away.#

#Wednesday at the Disaster City exercise first responders measured radiation levels with the app then practiced sending the data to officials through a wireless network.

and be prepared to monitor radioactivity in an emergency although they probably (hopefully) wouldn't get much of a chance to use it.

and negative sources of non-iodizing radiation (the correct term to use) which include transmission towers (cellular and digital television broadcasting) fluorescent lighting Wi-fi Power lines and certain appliances.

and mapping their frequencies and power outputs one is able to see a correlation within a set radius of bee populations affected by theses sources of non-iodizing radiation.

or none RF radiation would be places of high bee population. I wonder if this has been looked at to give validity to the above theory.

As the ozone hole over the continent has shrunk it's letting in less UV radiation--which along with complex ocean circulation factors

and ionizing radiation. Earthly water contains some deuterium too but in low quantities--up to 30 times less than interstellar water.

and radiation conditions that would have existed back then it wasn t possible for the young solar system to create the ratios of hydrogen

As terahertz waves travel down the waveguide, some of the radiation leaks out of the slit.

and the data receiver at the other end could pick up an individual stream by accepting radiation at a specific angle.

The emitted radiation is approximately 1/10,000 the amount given off by a standard cellphone.

The Synthetic Muscle could be used in robotics in deep space travel such as travel to Mars because of its radiation resistance."

"Humans can only withstand a certain amount of radiation so that limits the time that people can be in space,

whereas robots particularly if they're radiation-resistant can be up there for long periods of time without being replaced."

when the material was exposed to over 300,000 RADS of gamma radiation. That is 20 times the amount that would be lethal to a human

or durability of the material due to the radiation although there was a slight change in color. Tests on selected samples of the material found it was affected not by extreme temperatures down to-271 degrees Celsius,

as well as exposure to environmental factors such as UV radiation, X-rays and chemical compounds. Improper repair of DNA lesions can lead to mutations, abnormal chromosome structures,

The custom-made high-speed data transmitters were designed to withstand extremely harsh conditions low temperature and high radiation.""It's not always a smooth ride operating electronics in such a harsh environment,

Germany and Canada have built a miniature particle accelerator that uses terahertz radiation instead of radio waves to create pulses of high-energy electrons.

Terahertz radiation falls between the microwave and infrared portions of the electromagnetic spectrum (300 GHZ THZ),

and some physicists are keen on using the radiation in much the same way that radio waves

The wavelength of this radiation is around 1000 times shorter than the electromagnetic radiation used by current particle accelerators the Large hadron collider uses 400 MHZ microwaves everything else on the terahertz accelerator can also be 1000 times smaller.

The downside of this technique is repeated that the electron beam radiation can progressively damage the sample.

The researchers compared the images from the first and last scans to verify that the tungsten had not been damaged by the radiation

thanks to the electron beam energy being kept below the radiation damage threshold of tungsten. Miao and his team showed that the atoms in the tip of the tungsten sample were arranged in nine layers, the sixth

These machines accelerate charged particles using either a pulse of radio frequency radiation or a wakefield (using high energy unchesof electrons to blast a tunnel through plasma;

a compact device that uses pulses of terahertz (THZ) radiation. The research group includes scientists from the Massachusetts institute of technology (MIT), the University of Toronto,

The rover has measured also radiation levels with a view to assessing the feasibility of humans spending time on the planet.

Watchful monitoring also means you will also receive extra radiation from dental x-rays in the meantime, he says.

and that, in turn, changes the frequency at which the protons in water molecules around and inside the gel resonate in response to radio-frequency radiation.

Furthermore, the microscope modular aspect allows several radiation sources such as non-coherent monochromatic or polychromatic sources and tunable lasers,

and synaptotagmin-1. Earlier X-ray studies, including experiments at SLAC's Stanford Synchrotron radiation Lightsource (SSRL) nearly two decades ago,

The downside of this technique is repeated that the electron beam radiation can progressively damage the sample.

The researchers compared the images from the first and last scans to verify that the tungsten had not been damaged by the radiation,

thanks to the electron beam energy being kept below the radiation damage threshold of tungsten. Miao and his team showed that the atoms in the tip of the tungsten sample were arranged in nine layers, the sixth

#Advances in PET Scanning Technology Helps Reduce Radiation Dosage Researchers in Manchester have used recent advances in PET scanning technology to reduce the radiation dose for both patients

and therefore the procedure has associated an radiation dose for the patient and for staff at the imaging facility A recent study by scientists at Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and The University of Manchester investigated

whether technological developments in scanner equipment over the last decade could allow a reduction in the amount of radioactive tracer used.

As a result we have managed to lower the radiation dose for cancer patients and our staff and also increase the numbers of scans we are able to carry out, added Ian l

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