#How chronic inflammation can lead to cancer Chronic inflammation caused by disease or exposure to dangerous chemicals has long been linked to cancer,
and colon cancer in people with a history of inflammatory bowel disease, says Bogdan Fedeles, a research associate in the Department of Biological engineering at MIT,
Studies of tissue samples of patients suffering from inflammatory bowel disease have found significant levels of 5clc,
#Important regulation of cell invaginations discovered Lack of microinvaginations in the cell membrane, caveolae, can cause serious diseases such as lipodystrophy and muscular dystrophy.
resulting in diseases. Having too few invaginations is associated with atrial fibrillation. A total absence of invaginations causes lipodystrophy and muscular dystrophy combined with fatal cardiac arrhythmia. he latter is an unpleasant disease
CGL4, which usually leads to death in the patient teenage years. Many children presumably also die from this disease during their first week of life,
without any diagnosis other than udden infant death syndrome'says Karl Swärd and Catarina Rippe, researchers at Lund University.
and provides insight into how to combat diseases caused by a lack of caveolae. Moreover, the discovery paves the way for further studies on the significance of caveolae for cancer
and renal diseases. hese transcription factors regulate the cellsability to move and therefore play an important role in metastasis,
It a future in which diseases like muscular dystrophy, cystic fibrosis and many others are treated permanently through the science of genome engineering.
our disease is caused by a mutation in gene X, and wee going to correct this mutation to treat it.?
Examples include diseases such as hemophilia sickle-cell anemia, muscular dystrophy and cystic fibrosis. Though the field is still in its relative infancy,
gene editing could possibly provide a permanent cure for a lot of different diseases, says Hubbard. e still have to overcome many hurdles,
Tobacco use remains the leading cause of preventable disease, disability and death in the U s. Smokers who want to quit can turn to various pharmacological aids.
Then new bone forms. herefore, any condition associated with vascular disease and thrombosis will impair fracture healing,
. CWRU M. Frank Rudy and Margaret Domiter Rudy Professor of biomedical engineering and an expert in molecular imaging for cancer and other diseases. e showed with this technique that we can detect very tiny tumors of just
Cerebrovascular disease often entails complex tangles of vessels in sensitive brain areas. hese children had unique anatomy with deep vessels that were very tricky to operate on,
and whether there any degradation of those structures in diseases. Many diseases are caused either by an invading pathogen or degradation of a cell internal structure.
Alzheimer, for example, may be related to degradation of the cytoskeleton inside neurons. he cytoskeleton system is comprised of a host of interacting subcellular structures and proteins,
#Scientists visualize critical part of basal ganglia pathways Breakthrough could help see pathways that degenerate with Parkinson and Huntingdon disease Certain diseases,
like Parkinson and Huntingdon disease, are associated with damage to the pathways between the brain basal ganglia regions.
which could potentially lead to technologies to help track disease progression for Parkinson and Huntington disease and other neurological disorders. linically,
the optoclamp could facilitate research into new therapies for epilepsy, Parkinson disease, chronic pain and even depression. ur work establishes a versatile test bed for creating the responsive neurotherapeutic tools of the future,
more effective ways to prevent outbreaks of diseases. However, at this moment science is needed lacking knowledge about human immunity.
But in diseases such as breast cancer, the breakdown of this order has been associated with the rapid growth and spread of tumors. ells aren lonely little automatons,
and break down in disease has been a challenge to researchers. The living organism is often too complex to identify the specific causes of a particular cellular behavior.
Mark Hayes National summary data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention indicate that each year in the United states,
and the constraints that disease and ageing impose to this multi-modal plasticity has important implications that go beyond fundamental neuroscience, from education policies to brain repair.
#X-ray vision new method to examine Alzheimer disease brain samples Superman has an x-ray vision we all know that.
and treating such diseases as Alzheimer. It is hard to overrate discoveries like this although it is not easy to explain it to a common public.
and collected data that may resolve several current issues regarding the pathology of Alzheimer disease He also jokingly added hile Superman x-ray vision is only the stuff of comics, our method,
from a genetic mouse model of Alzheimer disease. Then scientists put new technology to its practical application.
There are mysterious iffuseplaques seen in the postmortem brains of Alzheimer disease patients that are typically undetectable using 2d imaging.
but not in later stages of the disease after the plaques have accumulated already. Scientists are certain that Scales have many advantages over current 2d imaging technologies.
it can be used to research other brain diseases as well, not only Alzheimer. It provides that kind of x-ray vision we really needed,
seeking to reach a breakthrough in treating major brain diseases t
#New method for modifying natural polymers could help bring lifesaving medications to market In drug-delivery research,
#ab-on-a-Chiptechnology to cut costs of sophisticated tests for diseases and disorders Rutgers engineers have developed a breakthrough device that can significantly reduce the cost of sophisticated lab tests for medical disorders and diseases, such as HIV,
Until now, animal research on central nervous system disorders, such as spinal cord injury and Parkinson disease, has been limited because researchers could not extract sufficient cerebrospinal fluid to perform conventional assays. ith our technology,
The discovery could also lead to more comprehensive research on autoimmune joint diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis through animal studies.
According to Gargus, diseases of the organelles, such as the ER, are an emerging field in medicine,
Certain diseases, including cancer, involves changes in DNA methylation patterns, and the ability to document these alterations aid in the development of novel therapies. ethylation is really key in development,
in disease, and in cancer, says Whitehead Founding Member Rudolf Jaenisch, who is also a professor of biology at MIT. his reporter is a very important tool.
and screening for the activation of genes silenced in diseases like cancer. This method will allow us to see which drug will activate a given gene.
Stelzer and Shivalila describe their work in this week issue of the journal Cell. harmaceutical companies have been interested in manipulating methylation in disease
Their findings in the Journal of the American Chemical Society, may aid efforts to build point-of-care devices for quick medical diagnosis of various diseases ranging from cancer, allergies, autoimmune diseases, sexually transmitted diseases (STDS),
when atoms are brought too close together to detect a wide array of protein markers that are linked to various diseases.
allowing us to build inexpensive devices that could detect dozens of disease markers in less than five minutes in the doctor office
and easily multiplexed biosensor could significantly improve patient health by providing new point-of-care diagnostics for a wide variety of diseases said Patricia Escoffier, Project Manager at Univalor.
and for the production of advanced therapeutics to combat the disease. Human cells express Interferon Induced Transmembranes (IFITM) proteins that possess antiviral characteristics.
Their findings may aid efforts to build point-of-care devices for quick medical diagnosis of various diseases ranging from cancer, allergies, autoimmune diseases, sexually transmitted diseases (STDS),
when atoms are brought too close together to detect a wide array of protein markers that are linked to various diseases.
allowing us to build inexpensive devices that could detect dozens of disease markers in less than five minutes in the doctor office
and easily multiplexed biosensor could significantly improve patient health by providing new point-of-care diagnostics for a wide variety of diseases said Patricia Escoffier, Project Manager at Univalor.
which would allow scientists to study diseases such as Alzheimer with a high level of similarity to the real tissue,
Many thousands of viruses are known to cause illness in people and animals, and making a diagnosis can be an exhaustive exercise,
or are limited to detecting only those viruses suspected of being responsible for a patient illness. ith this test,
which the cause of a disease outbreak is unknown. Results published online in September in the journal Genome Research demonstrate that in patient samples the new test called Virocap can detect viruses not found by standard testing based on genome sequencing.
#Ground-breaking computer program diagnoses cancer in two days In the vast majority of cancer cases, the doctor can quickly identify the source of the disease, for example cancer of the liver, lungs, etc.
and created a new diagnostic technology based on advanced self learning computer algorithms whichn the basis of a biopsy from a metastasisan with 85 per cent certainty identify the source of the disease
#Scientists test new gene therapy for vision loss from a mitochondrial disease NIH-funded study shows success in targeting MITOCHONDRIAL DNA in mice Researchers funded by the National institutes of health have developed a novel mouse model for the vision disorder
LHON is one of many diseases tied to gene mutations that damage the tiny energy factories that power our cells,
because the approaches that the investigators used could aid therapy development for a vast array of other mitochondrial diseases,
as well as a host of other diseases. But the unique nature of mtdna has presented challenges for developing
and testing potential therapies for such diseases. Until now here was no efficient way to get DNA into mitochondria,
offering hope that treatments may be developed for currently non-curable degenerative diseases, like Stargardt disease and ARMD. esearchers have been trying to achieve this kind of trial for years,
he said. hanks to our simple and effective approach, any laboratory in the world will now be able to create masses of photoreceptors.
Beyond the clinical applications, Professor Bernier findings could enable the modelling of human retinal degenerative diseases through the use of induced pluripotent stem cells,
The test accounts for many risk factors for the deadly disease and has the potential to be adapted by physicians nationwide to assess teenagersfuture risk
according to the Centers for Disease Control. Cardiovascular disease has predominantly modifiable risk factors, meaning that the disease is entirely preventable.
These risk factors include high blood pressure, high cholesterol, obesity, physical inactivity, diabetes, unhealthy diets and smoking.
and their risk for future disease and use it as a motivator for individuals to try to change their risk
or get medication to reduce their metabolic syndrome severity and their future risk for disease, Deboer said.
Ultimately, it could be used in the early diagnosis of brain tumours or Alzheimer disease. This work is published in PNAS.
Many diseases involve structural changes in tissues which are reflected in a change in their mechanical properties, such as elasticity.
says Stéfan Catheline, Inserm Research director and main author of this work. lzheimer disease, epilepsy, multiple sclerosis and hydrocephalus involve changes in the stiffness of the brain tissues.
but can cause disease in other species. he presence of this type of virus found in pigsnown as porcine endogenous retroviruses,
they would eliminate an important potential safety concern facing this field. ang says the team hopes eventually they can completely eliminate the risk that PERVS could cause disease in clinical xenotransplantation by using modified pig cells to clone a line of pigs that would have their PERV genes inactivated.
and reducing disease. DNA NANOSTRUCTURES: Conducting nanoscale biomolecular research could lead to low-cost DNA sequencing technologies,
and help explain the molecular causes of disease. Alternative energy Solutions/New Materials Research: Finding new and more efficient solutions to energy harvesting, nanoporous membranes for water desalinization, solar thermal fuels and more.
and help us better understand the functions and interactions of genes, the origin and spread of diseases, the co-evolution of hosts and parasites and migration of human populations.
especially mutations, has become critically important for the detection of diseases and design of therapies to treat them.
and relapsing multiple sclerosis Three phase three clinical studies using the drug ocrelizumab to treat patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) have yielded positive results for treating two forms of the disease and the first ever positive results
which is characterised by attacks of the disease that interspersed by relatively symptom-free periods.
These data demonstrate that B-cell targeting can significantly modify the disease, which in effect means a more positive outlook for patients.
open up the possibility that a single drug designed to target this molecular fault could be developed to treat both diseases.
Pioneering improvements to electron microscopes pave the way for the creation of a detailed map of the how these diseases develop,
But when viruses cause severe disease, doctors have few options for effective treatment. Studying mice with a variety of viral infections,
#Mini-kidney organoids re-create disease in lab dishes Stem-cell biology and gene editing advances offer hope for kidney regeneration,
To re-create human disease, Freedman and his colleagues used the gene-editing technique called CRISPR.
The organoids developed characteristics of these diseases. Those with mutations in polycystic kidney disease genes formed balloon like, fluid filled sacks, called cysts, from kidney tubules.
lost connections between filtering cells. utation of a single gene results in changes kidney structures associated with human disease,
thereby allowing better understand of the disease and serving as models to develop therapeutic agents to treat these diseases,
explained Joseph Bonventre, senior author of the study. He is chief of the Renal Division at Brigham
ave taught us that human disease boils down to simple components that can be re-created in a petri dish.
The researchers found that genetically matched kidney organoids without disease-linked mutations showed no signs of either disease.
Chief of the Renal Division at Brigham and Women Hospital at Harvard and the study senior author. e were interested in creating disease models using these kidney organoids,
which could ultimately lead to leaky filters in the mature kidney. utation of a single gene results in changes in kidney structures associated with human disease,
allowing better understanding of the disease and serving as models to develop therapeutic agents to treat these diseases,
Bonventre said. Kidney disease costs the United states 40 billion dollars per year and affects 700 million people worldwide.
and poor quality-of-life. hese genetically engineered mini-kidneys have taught us that human disease boils down to simple components that can be re-created in a petri dish,
#Researchers discover mechanism that could lead to better ovarian cancer treatment Resistance to chemotherapy is a major problem for those suffering from ovarian cancer problem that prevents a cure from a disease dubbed the ilent killer.
Resistance to chemotherapy that was previously very effective is a major roadblock that prevents better outcomes in this disease.
it could also be the key to improving treatment of chemotherapy. hemoresistance prevents us from curing the disease,
%with the disease killing 150,000 women worldwide every year. Very little is known about how and why ovarian cancer spreads and researchers say this is due, in part, to a lack of understanding of the key genes and molecules that initiate and control the progression and growth of ovarian cancer.
and is important for disease progression. Dr Ford believes it is imperative that the relationship of the two receptors is investigated,
Those results raised concerns about the use of CRISPR technology in studying human diseases. As a potential solution
and potentially treating human diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative conditions and diabetes, which can be driven by mutations in control regions of the genome.
and fix the root causes of many diseases. It could also help researchers understand and change how different people respond to drugs.
how those switches differ between individuals and the implications of these insights for human traits and diseases.
and an elaborate computer analysis to identify the actual mutations in INTERGENIC DNA near the PDRM13 gene. ndividuals with this disease have normal eyes except that they fail to form maculas,
Small says. nderstanding how this gene works may help us treat many macular diseases more effectively in the future. cientists already know how to create new retinal cells from a patient skin,
and to RNA in the brain cells of people with other diseases. They found that GDF10 regulates a unique collection of molecules that improves recovery after stroke.
The disease affects more than four million Americans and causes over 750,000 hospitalizations and 130,000 deaths per year in the United states alone.
Today, the disease is treated usually with drugs, which can have serious side effects. It can also be treated with a procedure called cardiac ablation that burns away the malfunctioning cells using a high-powered laser that threaded into the heart on a catheter.
disease and cell death. eat shock genes and their heat shock proteins are expressed highly during stress and are very critical to protect cells;
genetics and disease diagnosis. But carrying out such analyses requires expensive lab equipment, making its application out of reach for many people who live in resource-limited places.
Herr and his team are bringing awareness to an aspect of cancer that is fundamental to the disease:
which could lead to new drugs for the disease. Tuberculosis, caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria, has proved incredibly stubborn even in the age of powerful antibiotics,
The holy grail would be to be able to completely remove brain tumours with the help of this new imaging technique reducing recurrence of the disease
the system reportedly has the potential to aid sick or disabled people. eople with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) motor neuron disease,
and Android-owning doctors to share images of diseases, injuries and everything in between. Launched in 2013,
n conjunction with medication and current psychological therapies, Wizard could help people with schizophrenia minimise the impact of their illness on everyday life. eople with schizophrenia often find studying
and clinicians in their quests to find cures for cancer, lupus and other diseases. The team used a preexisting next-generation sequencing toolkit,
Eminently preventative in nature, connected care helps health providers stop illness before it starts. Through mobile innovations and sensor technologies, today's doctors can report on key health indicators to prevent illnesses altogether
and proactively identify mothers at risk for such illness and provide them with the necessary resources to treat the depression before it takes effect.
and monitor cancer patients as well as other diseases. By engaging with pregnant women and monitoring their health via this mobile application,
These findings could have a significant impact on our understanding of retinal degenerative diseases that cause blindness.
This is important because the death of photoreceptor cells is known to cause retinal degenerative diseases in humans that lead to blindness.
We believe our results could eventually have a substantial impact on the development of treatments for retinal degenerative diseases like retinitis pigmentosa
The combination approach which uses two drugs already commercially available for other uses could soon be tested in clinical trials among patients with late-stage disease.
--but it showed disappointing results in clinical trials among patients with advanced disease. The Duke team found that the amount of copper cancer cells naturally hoard is not enough to make the cells sensitive to the drug.
along with the disulfiram the combination resulted in dramatic reductions in prostate tumor growth among animal models with advanced disease.
and most patients experience relapse of their disease to a hormone-refractory or castration-resistant state Mcdonnell said.
and HCC The mechanisms that cause diseases such as fatty liver disease steatohepatitis and HCC are still not widely understood.
The animal model which was used to examine the long-term effects of metabolic syndrome*enabled the scientists to elucidate new mechanisms that cause fatty liver disease
and therapeutic strategies to combat these diseases. The initial studies are already under way in the preclinical model.*
Improved sanitation and hygiene have had limited a effect on the spread of the illness. Today vaccination is considered the most important method for reducing mortality.
Researchers used tumour cells derived from 100 different glioblastoma patients to test drugs that could target the disease.
For example when a mosquito transmits a pathogen like malaria the parasite that causes the disease spends part of its life in the mosquito's blood Kanost said.
This process is important in fully understanding how insects transmit diseases and how their immune system interacts with the pathogens they are transmitting
and activating other proteins from the blood triggering immune responses that help kill pathogens in an insect's blood The findings may lead to new ways to control disease transmission from insects to humans and animals as well as new methods for biocontrol
This could reduce insects'ability to transmit diseases to humans and animals. It may also lead to new biocontrol of pest insects as exploiting the mechanism could weaken
Carotid artery disease occurs when cholesterol and fatty deposits build up in these arteries restricting blood flow
In the UK carotid artery disease is treated most commonly by an invasive surgical procedure called endarterectomy. Patients are put under general
The study followed 1713 patients with carotid artery disease of whom 855 were assigned to stenting and 858 to endarterectomy for up to 10 years.
NEC is a devastating neonatal illness especially in extremely low birth weight premature infants with a mean incidence of seven to nine percent and a fatality rate of 15 to 30 percent.
which targets the disease mechanism itself--and not just the symptoms. For the first time knowledge about the individual patient's genetic risk profile is being used.
With a known disease mechanism and a method to neutralise it the obvious next step was to test it on patients. 50 patients with type 2 diabetes were recruited. 21 of them did not have the risk variant
Which type of bacteria causes severe lung disease in European brown hare? Molecular biological analyses of tissue samples always confront scientists with the same problem:
Their results could help to develop therapeutics to treat stress-related disease and have been published in the journal Genome Research.
A detailed understanding of the stress reaction on a molecular level could help to develop therapeutics to treat stress-related disease.
This breakthrough in the understanding of the mechanisms underlying allergy could have important applications in the treatment of asthma and other allergic diseases such as eczema and allergic rhinitis.
in order to reduce the allergic reactions triggered by ILC2 represents a promising strategy for the treatment of asthma and other allergic diseases.
Researches are now able to understand for the first time the evolution of these parasites causing disease in humans and animals.
These mutations cause more than 200 diseases and contribute to others such as diabetes cancer Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease.
Many mitochondrial diseases affect more than one system in the human body said Kateryna Makova professor of biology and one of the study's primary investigators.
They are devastating diseases and there is no cure so our findings about their transmission are very important.
Studying healthy individuals gave the researchers a baseline for future studies of disease-causing mutations.
This finding is especially important for mothers who have a mitochondrial disease. For many mitochondrial diseases 70 to 80 percent of molecules need to have the disease-causing variant for the disease to manifest itself.
But for others only 10 percent of the mtdna molecules with the variant are needed to cause disease.
If the bottleneck is very small as we've found in our study these percentages can change dramatically Makova said.
Knowing the size of the bottleneck allows us to predict within a range the percentage of disease-carrying molecules that will be passed on to the child.
and can assist genetic counselors in advising couples about the chances of mitochondrial diseases being passed to the next generation Makova said.
understanding of diseases and possibly to new therapies according to UC San francisco scientists. The key to the advance is a new invention called the Suntag a series of molecular hooks for hanging multiple copies of biologically active molecules onto a single protein scaffold used to target genes or other molecules.
CRISPR activation and interference can be used to understand how specific genes work in cancer regenerative medicine or neurodegenerative disease according to Weissman.
Furthermore she adds the findings demonstrated that the FGF21 response was exaggerated in subjects with metabolic disease suggesting that either some aspect of fructose metabolism changes during the development of metabolic syndrome
and those with an exaggerated FGF21 response to fructose are predisposed to developing disease. For the first time this provides an avenue for labs everywhere to easily study fructose metabolism in people adds Herman.
and treat cardiometabolic disease e
#First observation of atomic diffusion inside bulk material Researchers at the Department of energy's Oak ridge National Laboratory have obtained the first direct observations of atomic diffusion inside a bulk material.
and immunity to disease-causing bacteria says Griffitts. It quickly became clear to the investigators that Strain 115 could produce a potent antibiotic that targets a large number of medically relevant bacteria including those that cause staph infections strep throat and severe gastrointestinal diseases.
In the last decade the question of where the disease begins has led researchers to a different part of the human anatomy.
In 2003 the German neuropathologist Heiko Braak presented a theory suggesting that the disease begins in the gut and spreads to the brain.
Researchers at Lund University in Sweden now present the first direct evidence that the disease can actually migrate from the gut to the brain.
The so-called Braak's hypothesis proposes that the disease process begins in the digestive tract and in the brain's center of smell.
and smell occur very early on in the disease. Researchers at Lund University have mapped previously the spread of Parkinson's in the brain.
The disease progression is believed to be driven by a misfolded protein that clumps together and infects neighboring cells.
We have now been able to prove that the disease process actually can travel from the peripheral nervous system to the central nervous system in this case from the wall of the gut to the brain.
or stop the disease at an earlier stage says Professor Jia-Yi Li research group leader for Neural Plasticity and Repair at Lund University.
in order to put a stop to the further spread of the disease. Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by Lund University.
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