Glioma

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Brain tumor (84)
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Glioma (48)
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Synopsis: Health: Illness: Cancer, neoplasms and tumors: Neoplasms and tumors: Glioma:

In 2011, the World health organization classified the kind of low energy radiation that cell phones emit as"possibly carcinogenic"because of a link between cell phone use and a type of malignant brain tumor called glioma and a benign brain tumor called acoustic neuroma.

About 5 in 10,000 adults are diagnosed with glioma in the United states every year, whereas about 10 in a million people develop acoustic neuromas every year.

and glioma rates except in the group of participants who reported using their cell phone for at least 1, 640 hours in their lifetime without a headset.

Those participants were 40%more likely than those who never used a cell phone to have a glioma.

Another set of studies by researchers in Sweden also looked at reported cell phone use among people diagnosed with glioma

A recent analysis found that people who used a mobile phone were 30%more likely to have a glioma,

had 40%to 70%higher glioma risk.""There are individual studies and findings that do produce a risk,

The discovery, made in mice and rats, shows the key role the protein galectin-1 plays in some of the most dangerous brain tumors, called high grade malignant gliomas.

the findings open the door to research on the effect of blocking galectin-1 in patients with gliomas,

because glioma researchers everywhere had assumed the extra protein had more to do with the insidious ability of gliomas to invade the brain,

Gliomas which make up about 80 percent of all malignant brain tumors, include anaplastic oligodendrogliomas, anaplastic astrocytomas,

The tiny tendrils of tumor that extend into brain tissue from a glioma are what make them so dangerous.

The new research suggests the importance of enhancing the ability of the innate immune system arly warningsentinels to spot glioma cells as early as possible.

He is one of the lead researchers in a multicenter clinical study using new exosomal diagnostic tests developed by New york city-based Exosome Diagnostics to identify a genetic mutation found exclusively in glioma, the most common form of brain cancer.

For brain cancers like glioma, however, multiple biopsies can be life threatening. Bob Carter head of neurosurgery at the University of California, San diego, says well-preserved RNA in blood

"On the other hand, having an easily accessible biomarker for glioma would give you a clear response. There are 18 U s. hospitals participating in the clinical trial,

TMZ which is a first-line treatment for brain metastasis and gliomas and doxorubicin a common treatment for breast cancer

The nanoparticles deliver genes for an enzyme that converts a prodrug called ganciclovir into a glioma cell killer.

There is no reliable treatment for glioma which has a 5-year survival rate of 12 percent.

"Using CONSERTING, researchers discovered genetic alterations driving pediatric leukemia, the pediatric brain tumor low-grade glioma, the adult brain tumor glioblastoma and retinoblastoma.

and treat brain cancer, such as gliomas, medulloblastomas, and neuroblastomas; and skin cancer, known as melanoma. More than 22,000 new cases of brain cancer and more than 73,000 new cases of skin cancer and were expected to arise in Americans in 2015, according to the National Cancer Institute.

#Study paves way for genetics-first approach to brain cancer treatment Two US studies have identified specific genetic mutations in gliomas

'This molecular data helps us better classify glioma patients, so we can begin to understand who needs to be treated more aggressively

Gliomas are tumours which develop from the glial cells of the brain and spine, and make up 80 percent of malignant brain tumours.

Patients who develop gliomas are treated usually with a combination of radiotherapy, surgery and chemotherapy; however it is currently difficult to work out how useful these treatments will be.

three mutations were identified in patients with gliomas. Tumours taken from glioma patients were scored as positive or negative for these mutations,

which led to the creation of five categories of mutation combinations. The genetic profiles of the tumours were associated then with patient age, prognosis and the response of the tumour type to different treatments.

This profiling would allow doctors to choose the most appropriate treatment for an individual glioma patient based on their genetic classification.

as survival statistics would be specific to the glioma type, as opposed to the general class of glioma.

Currently histology is used to classify gliomas by their visual characteristics; however this method is not sufficiently effective to predict how the glioma will respond to therapy.

Doctors are also often unable to predict how aggressive a tumour will behave over a long period of time.'

'These markers will potentially allow us to predict the course of gliomas more accurately, treat them more effectively

and identify more clearly what causes them in the first place, 'said Professor Margaret Wrensch from the University of California,

'Both studies can justifiably claim that molecular classification captures the biologic features of glioma variants better than does histopathological evaluation,

and Bioengineering have designed a nanoparticle transport system for gene delivery that destroys deadly brain gliomas in a rat model,

The nanoparticles are filled with genes for an enzyme that converts a prodrug called ganciclovir into a potent destroyer of the glioma cells.

Glioma is one of the most lethal human cancers, with a five year survival rate of just 12,

"Efforts to treat glioma with traditional drug and radiation therapies have not been very successful, "says Jessica Tucker, Ph d.,NIBIB Director for the Program in Gene and Drug Delivery Systems and Devices."

rather than potentially harmful viruses, is a significant step that reinvigorates the potential for gene therapy to treat deadly gliomas as well as other cancers."

A number of polymer structures were tested for their ability to deliver DNA into two rat glioma cell lines.

Among the many polymers tried, the one known as PBAE 447 was found to be the most efficient in delivering the HSVTK gene into the cultured rat glioma cells.

the HSVTK-encoding nanoparticles were 100%effective in killing both of the glioma cell lines grown in the laboratory.

Next, the gene therapy system was tested in live rats with brain gliomas. Because it is important that the nanoparticles spread throughout the entire tumor,

they were infused into the rat gliomas using convection-enhanced delivery (CED). The method involves injection into the tumor and the application of a pressure gradient,

then CED was used to infuse the HSVTK-encoding nanoparticles into the rat gliomas, and systemic ganciclovir treatment continued for eight more days.

and a significant increase in survival when compared with control glioma-bearing animals that did not receive the combination treatment."

"In the future, the investigators envision that doctors would administer this therapy during the surgery commonly used to treat glioma in humans.

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