#How a missile detector can stop malaria in its tracks Scientists have found a new use for an antitank Javelin missile detector:
Lead researcher Bayden Wood, an associate professor at Monash University, says to reduce mortality and prevent the overuse of antimalarial drugs,
The ABMRF/The Foundation for Alcohol Research, the National Institute on Alcohol abuse and Alcoholism, and the Waggoner Center for Alcohol and Addiction Research at the University of Texas at Austin provided funding for the study.
A recent study found a 24 percent overall decline in first time strokes in each of the last two decades and a 20 percent overall drop per decade in deaths after stroke.
the drop in stroke-related deaths was primarily found among those under age 65, with mortality rates holding firm in older people. e can congratulate ourselves that we are doing well,
but stroke is still the No. 4 cause of death in the United states, says coauthor Josef Coresh,
For the study, published in the Journal of the American Medical Association, researchers used data from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study,
The research team looked for all stroke hospitalizations and deaths from then to the end of 2011.
and by the end of the study in 2011.800,000 STROKES A YEAR Each decade, the number of deaths occurring within 10 years of a stroke was reduced by roughly eight deaths per 100 cases.
Decreases in stroke incidence and mortality are partly due to more successful control of risk factors such as blood pressure or smoking and to the wide use of statin medications to control cholesterol.
and reduce deaths in those over 65. Nearly 800,000 Americans suffer strokes each year; of those, about 600,000 are first time strokes.
PAY ATTENTION TO SUBGROUPS troke is not only one of the main causes of death, but a leading cause of long-term disability in adults.
Therefore, prevention is the best strategy, says study leader Silvia Koton, a visiting faculty member at the Bloomberg School and incoming nursing chair at Tel aviv University.
The number of US death certificates listing stroke as the underlying cause of death has decreased for a long time.
which has long been associated with inflammation, cell migration, proliferation, hypertension, and other processes. COX inhibitors block production of inflammatory and pain-inducing lipids,
#Depression can be deadly for older Americans Older adults in the US who suffer from major depression face a 43 percent increased risk of death, especially from cardiovascular disease or cancer, according to a new study. here a major link
between major depression and mortality. Taking all these other health behaviors out of it, you can continue to find this unique relationship between depression
and mortality, says Jarron M. Saint Onge. here something that leading to early death. And that taking out smoking, taking out exercise, all these behavioral factors that would explain it.
Saint Onge a University of Kansas assistant professor of sociology and the study lead author, says the study findings are significant
and mortality is not due solely to people smoking or exhibiting unhealthy behaviors or experiencing chronic conditions that contribute to a higher risk of mortality.
OMETHING UNIQUE ABOUT DEPRESSIONWHEN the researchers adjusted for factors such as marital status, education, employment status, family income, alcohol consumption, level of physical activity, smoking status, body mass, functional limitations,
and chronic conditions, they still found an independent association among major depression and increased risk of non-suicide mortality among the age group.
This includes findings that major depression was associated with 2. 68 times the risk of cardiovascular disease mortality among those who did not have cardiovascular disease at the baseline.
The study appears in the Journals of Gerontology. hat wee finding here is it important to be vigilant to find depression among people older than 50 because of a host of reasons,
but it also important because it stands as an independent risk factor in mortality. There might be something unique about depression,
that there something about depression that might lead to an increased risk of mortality. He says related research has suggested major depression may have a physiological effect on blood pressure or arterial tightening that can cause cardiovascular disease. t physiologically important
but it also socially important to think of depression as a risk factor for death as well,
For the mortality data, researchers examined the 1999 National Health Interview Study linked to the 2006 National Death Index,
which included a sample size of 11,369 adults respondents ages 50 and older, of whom 2,
162 have died from non-suicide or accident related deaths. To measure major depression, they used data derived from the World health organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview Short-Form,
white men older than 65 represent a group with one of the highest suicide rates.
and coming up with better coping mechanisms to help adults deal with depression in a healthy way would be key. e are always thinking of 20-year-olds with depression
because there are highly publicized suicide rates among 20-year-olds, Saint Onge says. ut increasing rates of depression among the elderly pose continued health risks, beyond suicide.
He says people who suffer from major depression often turn to unhealthy habitsike smoking or binge drinkingn addition to social withdrawal
and that you continue to see that risk of mortality goes down once you start accounting for some of these health behaviors,
The National Institute on Aging and the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development-funded University of Colorado Population Center supported the research project d
000 deaths each year. The study appears online in Cell Host & Microbe. University of Queensland Professor Mark Walker, in collaboration with Emory University and University of California, San diego, are working on additional preclinical testing of the modified vaccine.
which are essential for the cell natural death. In addition, consistent with past studies, AAV2-infected cancer cells produced more Ki-67, an immunity system activating protein and c-Myc,
areas of cell death were visible and all AAV2 treated mice survived through the study,
but it has proven challenging to culture in the lab. Researchers used the device, called Slipchip,
They then grew a pure culture of this single organism in the lab. An early guess is that this particular microbe may be linked to obesity and fatty liver disease
the substances from this fluid were used to recreate this environment within the tiny Slipchip compartment key to successfully growing the difficult organism in the lab. After growing a pure culture of the previously unidentified bacterium,
and the Wiegers Family Fund A
#Living near pesticides in pregnancy ups autism risk University of California Davis rightoriginal Studyposted by Phyllis Brown-UC Davis on June 23 2014pregnant women living
in close proximity to chemical pesticide application had a two-thirds higher risk of having a child with autism spectrum disorder or other developmental delay according to a new study.
The associations were stronger when the exposures occurred during the second and third trimesters of the women s pregnancies.
The large multisite California-based study examined associations between specific classes of pesticides including organophosphates pyrethroids
and carbamates applied during the study participants pregnancies and later diagnoses of autism and developmental delay in their offspring.
It appears online in Environmental Health Perspectives.####This study validates the results of earlier research that has reported associations between having a child with autism
and prenatal exposure to agricultural chemicals in California##says lead study author Janie F. Shelton a University of California Davis graduate student who now consults with the United nations.##
##While we still must investigate whether certain subgroups are more vulnerable to exposures to these compounds than others the message is very clear:
women who are pregnant should take special care to avoid contact with agricultural chemicals whenever possible.##
The study includes families with children between two and five diagnosed with autism or developmental delay or with typical development.
For the study researchers used questionnaires to obtain study participants residential addresses during the preconception and pregnancy periods.
##We mapped where our study participants lived during pregnancy and around the time of birth.
and professor and vice chair of the department of public health sciences at UC Davis.##What we saw were several classes of pesticides more commonly applied near residences of mothers
Some associations were greater among mothers living closer to application sites and lower as residential proximity to the application sites decreased the researchers found.
Organophosphates applied over the course of pregnancy were associated with an elevated risk of autism spectrum disorder particularly for chlorpyrifos applications in the second trimester.
Carbamates applied during pregnancy were associated with developmental delay. Exposures to insecticides for those living near agricultural areas may be problematic especially during gestation
because the developing fetal brain may be more vulnerable than it is in adults. Because these pesticides are neurotoxic in utero exposures during early development may distort the complex processes of structural development
##Research from the CHARGE Study has emphasized the importance of maternal nutrition during pregnancy particularly the use of prenatal vitamins to reduce the risk of having a child with autism.
##If it were my family I wouldn t want to live close to where heavy pesticides are being applied.##
Haller presented his findings this month at the annual meeting of the American Diabetes Association in San francisco. PROFOUND RESULTS Conventional diabetes wisdom says that within just a few months of the onset of Type 1 diabetes,
#Bionic pancreas passes 5-day test in real life The latest version of a bionic pancreas device worked successfully in two five-day clinical trialsne with adults, the other with adolescentshat imposed
Damiano, and El-Khatib previously published a 2010 Science Translational Medicine report that described successful use of the first-generation system in controlling the blood sugar of adults for 27 hours.
ADJUSTING FOR TEENS Additional inpatient trials conducted after the 2010 paper extended the study period to two days and included adolescents as well as adults.
but also to the very different needs of adults and adolescents. The rapid growth and hormonal changes of adolescence produces insulin requirements that are two to three times greater than those of adults of the same body weight,
explains Damiano, associate professor of biomedical engineering at BU. And even though the dosage needs of adults are more predictable,
contracting a typical illness like a cold or upset stomach can dramatically change the need for insulin over a period of days to weeks.
Both groups had quite good levels in the usual care armsverages of 159 for both adults
with average blood sugar levels of 133 for the adults and 142 for adolescents. Fewer instances of hypoglycemia on the bionic pancreas also reduced the need for carbohydrate doses to raise blood sugar.
they ease the burden on families, who no longer need to travel many hours for expert care,
we also want to protect the child. Strong evidence may result in a plea bargain, eliminating the added stress for children of having to testify in court.
and the California Department of public health Material, Child & Adolescent Health Program. The Maternal and Child Health Bureau of Health Resources and Services Administration and the William Randolph Hearst Foundation supported the work F
#Handheld terahertz cameras could replace MRI Rice university rightoriginal Studyposted by Mike Williams-Rice on June 11 2014scientists have used carbon nanotubes to create compact terahertz sensors that operate at room temperature.
and shape of spermnd perhaps put young men fertility at riskccording to a new study. In the world largest study to investigate how common lifestyle factors influence the size
249 men from 14 fertility clinics in the UK and asked them to fill out detailed questionnaires about their medical history and their lifestyle.
and start a family. Previous research has suggested that only sperm with good sperm morphology are able to pass into the woman body following sex
and make their way to the egg and fertilize it. Studies in the laboratory also suggest that sperm with poor morphology also swim less well
Although the study failed to find any association between sperm morphology and other common lifestyle factors, such as cigarette smoking or alcohol consumption,
says Sally Temple, director of the Neural stem cell Institute of Rensselaer, New york, who was involved not in this research. t really interesting to see how innervations are coming into play now in the subventricular zone.
Temple explains. t a really hot area because it a beautiful stem cell niche to study.
Clinicians count how long it takes for the child attention to shift in response to the changing stimulus. The second test passes a toy across the infant field of view
and looks for any delay in the child tracking its motion. In the last test
a clinician rolls a ball to a child and looks for eye contact afterward sign of the child engagement with their play partner.
he or she is also counting how long it takes for the child to reactn imprecise science at best.
and Treatment. he software has the potential to automatically analyze a child eye gaze, walking patterns,
Esler says. hese signs would signal to doctors that they need to refer a family to a specialist for a more detailed evaluation.
and automatically report any potential red flags. Any parent teacher, or clinician would simply need to download the app
and sit their child down in front of it for a few minutes. The efforts are part of the Information Initiative at Duke,
and sometimes death. But doctors haven known with any precision which patients are likely to suffer a drug-related bleed.
and the Seton Healthcare Family supported the research. Other researchers from Johns Hopkins and from Emory University contributed to the study.
including suicide. hese pilot study results give us preliminary proof of the concept that we can detect mood states in regular phone calls by analyzing broad features and properties of speech,
and his or her care team and even a chosen family member. Standardized weekly mood assessments with a trained clinician provide a benchmark for the patient mood,
and European Jews. Genetic admixture occurs when individuals from two or more previously separated populations begin interbreeding.
Mixing genes ike soup Such processes are extremely common in history during migrations and invasions, for example,
in ethnically diverse regions like the UK or US, where many people know only a few generations of their descendants,
we need a better culture system that can reliably produce more target cells that function well.
#Treatment cuts H1n1 flu deaths in mice A new study reveals that a drug that inhibits a molecule called prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) increases survival rates in mice infected with a lethal dose
of the H1n1 flu virus. Flu epidemics cause up to half a million deaths each year, and emerging strains continually threaten to spread to humans and cause even deadlier pandemics.
Divangahi research team found that mice genetically engineered to lack a member of the prostanoid family,
RSV is the second-leading cause of infant mortality due to infectious disease behind only malaria. ee known for a long time that RSV has increased an propensity,
and cause inflammatory responses in a cell culture model of human epithelial cells, which compose the lining of the lung airway. ut comparing these consequences of infection did not provide hints as to why RSV and PIV3 produced such differences in disease severity.
affecting approximately one in 1, 500 live human births in the United states, it is understood not completely.
500 live human births and is characterized by a cleft palate, shortened lower jaw, and displacement of the tongue base.
Published in the Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, the new research could significantly change the quality of life for scleroderma patients
A donation from Jon and Lisa Rye, a Michigan family who has experienced the effects of scleroderma,
and the family crowdfunding site, the Scleroderma Cure Fund, helped support the research h
#Anticancer drug reverses schizophrenia symptoms in teen mice An experimental anticancer drug appears to reverse schizophrenia-related behavior
and Carmel Toomes studied local families, particularly from the West yorkshire Pakistani community where such conditions are common,
they sequenced every gene in patients from families in which multiple members were blind from birth due to conditions such as Leber congenital amaurosis, cone-rod dystrophy,
As well as directly benefitting families it allows researchers to build a more comprehensive list of the genes needed for the eye to develop
#Melanoma in families linked to mutations in one gene The discovery that mutations in a specific gene are responsible for a hereditary form of melanoma could make it easier to detect and treat,
These mutations deactivate the POT1 gene. his finding significantly increases our understanding of why some families have a high incidence of melanoma,
it may be possible that early detection will facilitate better management of this disease. ith this discovery we should be able to determine who in a family is at risk,
The team found that there were also cases of other cancer types in families with these hereditary mutations such as leukemia
and patience from the families that suffer from these devastating, inherited forms of melanoma. Cancer Research UK and the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute funded the work.
and the frustration they and their families feel about the lack of treatment options, says the new research could take treatment of bipolar disorder into the era of personalized medicine.
FAT10 belongs to a family of genes that act as recyclers of cellular proteins and was found to be induced by inflammation.
and protein sequences of the FAT10 gene are conserved highly between man and mouse. If it serves the same functions in humans
a professor of human development and family studies and of psychology at Penn State. ut the glucose levels under the skin trail blood glucose levels from anywhere between 8 and 15 minutes.
and that could lead to death. According to Molenaar, a person blood glucose levels fluctuate in response to his or her insulin dose, meal intake, physical activity, and emotional state.
The findings are the first roof of principlethat 3d MRI technology accurately measures tumor viability and death.
where it is among the top-three causes of cancer death in the world. ur high-precision 3d images of tumors provide better information to patients about
the 3d technology distinguishes between dead and live tissue, giving an accurate assessment of tumor cell death.
The new tree of life is dated the first evolutionary tree of this magnitude says coauthor Akito Kawahara assistant curator of Lepidoptera at the Florida Museum of Natural history at University of Florida. ntil now we didn t
and affect our daily lives from pollinating our crops to vectoring diseasessays lead author Bernhard Misof with the Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig in Bonn Germany. e can only start to understand the enormous species richness
at the Cleveland Museum of Natural history. he findings not only advance our understanding of the origins of insects but add confidence to our organization of the groups.?
and adults alike. here is great interest in the development of objective biomarkers of dietary intake especially biomarkers that can be measured noninvasivelysays coauthor Susan T. Mayne professor of epidemiology at Yale university
because there had been no reports in the literature that a collagen system could in fact create this offset. t has taken several years
If cancer markers are found in a cell the circuit could for example activate a cellular suicide program.
To date the researchers have tested the function of their activation-ready sensor in cell culture of human kidney
and there s a huge family of spider toxins that target different ion channels. We ve tagged a Ford;
Researchers led by Christian Degen professor at the Laboratory for Solid State Physics at ETH Zurich developed a different and vastly more sensitive measurement technique for MRI signals.
and give zero net piezoelectric effect. his adds another member to the family of piezoelectric materials for functional devicessays Wenzhuo Wu a postdoctoral fellow at Georgia Tech.
These are part of an even larger family of 2d materials whose piezoelectric materials remain unexplored. Importantly as has been shown by Hone
Foley and the students are working with the Association Of late Deafened Adults in Atlanta to improve the program.
arts of these first diamond nanothreads appear to be somewhat less than perfect so improving their structure is a continuing goal of Badding s research program.
and further slow the movement of water. y adding our results to the growing body of literature we show that
while keeping it on a consistent track. emperature helps keep the hands of the biological clock in the right placesays Steve A. Kay dean of the USC Dornsife College of Letters Arts
The breakthrough is the latest in a string of recent discoveries by a research team working to develop materials that mimic the camouflage abilities of cephalopods the family of marine creatures that includes squid octopus
Then the researchers use another method to etch out the polymer from within the structure leaving a hollow architecture.
The team will present its research at the Association for Computing Machinery s International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous computing this month in Seattle.
isolationsays Christian Rabeling assistant professor of biology at the University of Rochester. e now have evidence that speciation can take place within a single colony. n discovering the parasitic Mycocepurus castrator researchers uncovered an example of sympatric speciation
whether two species can evolve from a common ancestor without being isolated geographically from each othersays Ted Schultz curator of ants at the Smithsonian s National Museum of Natural history
which makes it impossible for them to sexually interact with their host species. Other researchers on the project are from the Smithsonian Institution s National Museum of Natural history Harvard university and the Center for the Study of Social Insects at Sao State university Rio
Researchers are developing a new system that scans a child sâ fingerprints to track when vaccinations are due
Once the electronic registry is in place health care workers simply re-scan the child s fingers to view the vaccination schedule.
the Ministry of Education Culture Sports Science and Technology-Japan; and the Murata Science Foundation supported the research.
but also the architecture of the catalyst. ow that it s clear that architecture matters Palmore
when that architecture is tweaked. It s likely she says that pores of different depths or diameters will produce different compounds from a CO2 feedstock.
The labels work because an array of tiny pillars on the top of a surface effectively hides images written on the material beneath.
Shyu compares the texture of the pillars to a submicroscopic toothbrush. The hidden images appear
when the pillars trap moisture. ou can verify that you have the real product with just a breath of airkotov says.
because the pillars were made from materials that preferred adhering to the mold rather than whatever surface they were supposed to cover.
This allowed the pillars to release easily. They are also strong enough to withstand rubbing ensuring that the label would survive some wear such as would occur during shipping.
but leaving its three-dimensional architecture intact for study. The refined technique optimizes the CLARITY concept
what Wi-fi typically requires. he researchers will publish their results at the Association for Computing Machinery s Special interest Group on Data communication s annual conference this month in Chicago.
which occurs in more than one per thousand human births around the world. e
#Butterfly tree decodes evolution of 160,000 species University of Florida rightoriginal Studyposted by Stephenie Livingston-Florida on August 4 2014butterflies are more closely related to small moths than to big ones according to new
and assistant curator of Lepidoptera at the Florida Museum of Natural history at University of Florida. ith a tree we can now understand how the majority of butterfly
and director of the University of Hawaii Insect Museum. his study adds to a growing body of knowledge by bringing new techniques to the table
and a postdoctoral researcher with the Florida Museum. he few Lepidoptera fossils we have are from about 15 million years ago.
and the Hedylidae family commonly known as American butterfly-moths were dismissed as moths and found to be true butterflies.
and social problems associated with hunger and malnutrition. Now with the completely sequenced African rice genome scientists
Keeping families together they housed the birds in separate areas of the aviaries for three to five months before releasing them back to the wild.
As it turns out this is a very challenging task for both corvids (a family of birds that includes crows ravens jays and rooks) and children.
researchers recruited 239 adults through Craigslist. The participants, whose ages ranged from 18 to 65,
Lead researcher Bayden Wood, an associate professor at Monash University, says to reduce mortality and prevent the overuse of antimalarial drugs,
The researchers found a significant positive association between the presence of black queen cell virus
and K-wing. nterestingly the only clinical symptom previously associated with black queen cell virus is death of honey bee broodssays Ostiguy.
In addition the scientists found a significant negative association between black queen cell virus and deformed wing virus. The results of the study appear in PLOS ONE. his result is interesting as we do not see the same negative association between these two viruses in colonies infested with Varroa destructorsays Ostiguy. n colonies with Varroa
destructor frequently there is a positive association between the two viruses and co-infection in the same bee is common. ccording to Ostiguy the team will continue to investigate the relationships between various pathogens
and parasites of honey bees along with various stressors such as pesticide exposure with the goal of providing information to help keep honey bees healthy. ur ability to find European honey bee populations free of invasive
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