and biology,"says study co-senior author Euisik Yoon, Ph d.,professor of electrical engineering and computer science and of biomedical engineering and director of the Lurie Nanofabrication Facility at the U-M College of Engineering."
"In past decades, engineers have developed biological tools with better resolution, higher sensitivity, selectivity and higher throughput,
The goal of our lab is to develop tools that can be disseminated widely to the biology community to eventually impact clinical care for patients."
and graphene's electrical conductivity most likely contributed to the scaffold's biological success."Cells conduct electricity inherently--especially neurons,
Fang says, of biomolecules placed on the hybrid material surface. Sheng Shen, an assistant professor of mechanical engineering at Carnegie mellon University who was involved not in this research,
up to 1000 times more than current conventional methods. his advance will open up a range of possibilities for accurately studying complex matter, for example biomolecules in solution,
Gail Bishop, a professor of microbiology at the University of Iowa Carver School of medicine and director of the schools Center for Immunology and Immune-Based Diseases, says that this paper presents a creative new approach with considerable
As the biology and technology become further refined the authors say that their approach could potentially be a more efficient, more effective,
"Synthetic biologists have been attempting for years to expand on nature's genetic"alphabet, "consisting of the nucleotide bases cytosine, guanine,
Discovered in the 1970s, SERS is a sensing technique prized for its ability to identify chemical and biological molecules in a wide range of fields.
and measure chemical and biological molecules using a broadband nanostructure that traps wide range of light,
When a powerful laser interacts chemical and biological molecules, the process can excite vibrational modes of these molecules and produce inelastic scattering, also called Raman scattering, of light.
"The ability to detect even smaller amounts of chemical and biological molecules could be helpful with biosensors that are used to detect cancer, Malaria, HIV and other illnesses."
but the algorithms that handle sound and image processing are inspired by biology, says Professor yvind Brandtsegg at NTNU.
This new photoswitching protein offers a powerful tool for a deeper understanding of molecular processes in biological systems
#Intelligent bacteria for detecting disease Another step forward has just been taken in the area of synthetic biology.
This is where biological systems come into play. Living cells are real nanomachines that can detect and process many signals
Jérôme Bonnet's team in Montpellier's Centre for Structural Biochemistry (CBS) had the idea of using concepts from synthetic biology derived from electronics to construct genetic systems making it possible to"programme"living cells like a computer.
Chemists, physicists, biologists, materials scientists and engineers team up to focus on these essential questions: Which material properties are new,
"The composite nature of our limbs makes building a functional biological replacement particularly challenging, "explains Harald Ott, MD, of the MGH Department of Surgery and the Center for Regenerative medicine, senior author of the paper."
Soft, multisegment actuators used in the soft robotic glove enable an assistive range of motions alike those performed by the biological fingers and thumb.
and silicone elastomer, support the range of motions performed by biological fingers. The glove's control system is portable and lightweight
. who is also the Judah Folkman Professor of Vascular Biology at Harvard Medical school and Boston Children's Hospital and Professor of Bioengineering AT SEAS."
For the authors of the research, finding a nanothermometer sensitive enough at this scale is a great step forward in the field of nanotechnology, with applications in biology, chemistry, physics and even in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases s
"This opens up a completely new frontier where we can explore the interface between electronic structures and biology.
but no one has addressed this issue-the electronics/cellular interface-at the level at which biology works."
"The idea of merging the biological with the electronic is not a new one for Lieber.
a process common to delivery of many species in biology and medicine-you could go to the doctor
Photo by Liliana DALBA) UA associate professor of biology, Dr. Matthew Shawkey; his colleague Dr. Ali Dhinojwala, Morton Professor of Polymer Science;
Dmitry Fedyanin and Yury Stebunov, have developed an ultracompact highly sensitive nanomechanical sensor for analyzing the chemical composition of substances and detecting biological objects,
researchers make it react with specific substances or even biological objects. If you place antibodies to certain viruses on the cantilever,
and other substances that are important in understanding biological mechanisms without crystallization by simply throwing an ultra intense burst of x-rays onto the sample
compliant smart material, can effectively copy the action of biological chromatophores. Chromatophores are pigmented small cells embedded on cephalopods skin
a Ph d. student in chemical and biomolecular engineering at NC State and co-author of the paper.
These methods will help researchers determine which specific aspects of our biology are inherited, and uncover new insights into the genetics behind our countless biological processes
The new design is inspired by the way that plants generate energy through photosynthesis. Biology does a very good job of creating energy from sunlight,
with a possible focus on filtering biological contaminants from groundwater to make it safe to drink. There are already a number of filters on the market that can do this,
The system is equipped also to treat the biological contaminants that Wright initially thought shed be treating,
In nature, nacre is made a nanocomposite of layers of inorganic microtablets laminated by different biopolymers that stabilize the architecture.
So, upon stress the material with 13%Upy motif displayed toughening and failure phenomena"very reminiscent of the behavior of highly reinforced biological materials."
and material science students present this novel approach for the reproducible biosynthesis of extracellular, water-soluble QDS in the July 1 issue of the journal Green Chemistry.
"While biosynthesis of structural materials is established relatively well, harnessing nature to create functional inorganic materials will provide a pathway to a future environmentally friendly biomanufacturing based economy.
"builds on recent research by the same team that previously identified a fat-and-sugar molecule called GSL as the chief culprit behind a range of biological glitches that affect the body's ability to properly use, transport
or macromolecules promises intriguing potential for many areas of biology, chemistry, and nanoscience (Nature Communications,"A Scanning Cavity Microscope").
from the characterization of nanomaterials and biological nanosystems to spectroscopy of quantum emitters s
#Sensors and drones: hi-tech sentinels for crops (Nanowerk News) Sensors and drones can be among the farmers'best friends,
Can we take some inspiration from biology and create a skin-like display? As detailed in the cover article of the June issue of the journal Nature Communications("Polarization-independent actively tunable colour generation on imprinted plasmonic surfaces),
Minjun Kim, Phd, a professor in the College of Engineering and director of the Biological Actuation, Sensing & Transport Laboratory (BASTLAB) at Drexel
a U-M developmental biologist whose lab is located at the Life sciences Institute.""There are trillions of cells in the human body,
This increase of speed is completely necessary for all biological life, which would otherwise be limited by the slow nature of vital chemical reactions.
The technique is relevant for diverse scientific fields including investigations into biomolecules and semiconductor materials.
which is particularly suitable for measuring rough surfaces, for example those of semiconductor structures for electronic devices or folded biomolecules."
said Velev, INVISTA Professor of Chemical and Biomolecular engineering at NC State and the papers corresponding author.
It was observed by a team of researchers including Gilles Hickson, an assistant professor at the University of Montreals Department of Pathology and Cell biology and researcher at the CHU Sainte-Justine Research Centre, his assistant Silvana Jananji, in collaboration with Nelio
and Sergey Lekomtsev, a postdoc, working in the group led by Buzz Baum of the MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell biology at University college London.
This is what makes fruit flies such a powerful system for helping us to understand human biology.""When chromosomes are segregated,
who has devoted the last 15 years of his research life to cell biology. In fact, all cancers are unchecked characterised by cell division,
but also commodities such as pharmaceuticals,"said microbiologist Alex Beliaev, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, who led the study,
or glucose, using synthetic biology and metabolic engineering tools to redirect the path of carbon in the cell.
Such biological adjustments can mean the difference between another run-of-the-mill, ocean-dwelling bacterium and an organism useful for creating products used by people every day.
and observe and study the biological and medical significance of RNA misregulation. Details will be published the week of July 20 in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences("Quantification
Professor of Biomedical Surfaces in the School of Pharmacy and Chris Denning, Professor of Stem Cell biology in the School of medicine and funded by the Engineering and Physical sciences Research Council (EPSRC).
which opens the way for completely new biological applications of DNA NANOTECHNOLOGY. The design process is automated also highly,
For biological applications, the most crucial difference is that we can now create structures that can be folded in,
physiological salt concentrations that are more suitable for biological applications of DNA NANOSTRUCTURES, explains Dr Hgberg.
The new technique makes it possible to conduct similar biological experiments in a way that resembles conditions within cells even more closely.
The latest breakthrough comes from Lu's collaboration with Kai Tan at the University of Iowa, a systems biologist and associate professor of internal medicine.
The artificial ribosome, called Ribo-T, was created in the laboratories of Alexander Mankin, director of the UIC College of Pharmacy Center for Biomolecular Sciences,
or producing designer therapeutics and perhaps one day even non-biological polymers. No one has developed ever something of this nature. e felt like there was a small very small chance Ribo-T could work,
Jewett. ur new protein-making factory holds promise to expand the genetic code in a unique and transformative way, providing exciting opportunities for synthetic biology and biomolecular engineering,
and transport proteins are amazing machines present in biological membranes, "said Manish Kumar, assistant professor of chemical engineering, Penn State."
"The results emerged from discussions among 15 scientists working in the fields of geochemistry, physics, biology,
"How we think about the ways to crystallization impacts how we interpret natural crystallization processes in geochemical and biological environments,
but the concept is the basis for a new method that could enable biologists to image an entire brain in exquisite molecular detail using an ordinary microscope,
The technique, called expansion microscopy, involves physically inflating biological tissues using a material more commonly found in baby nappies (diapers.
Pushing boundaries Viviana Gradinaru, a neuroscientist at the California Institute of technology in Pasadena, says that Boyden technique is another example of how scientists are bypassing hardware limitations by modifying biological tissue.
By comparison, most antibiotics target proteins and it can be relatively easy for a microbe to become resistant to those drugs by accumulating mutations that alter the target protein shape.
But medical microbiologist Timothy Walsh of Cardiff University, UK, urges caution because the drug has been tested against only a small number of lab strains.
Yoshiki Sasai, Mototsugu Eiraku and their colleagues from the RIKEN Center for Developmental biology had shown previously that they could coax human
which lead to blindness. he protocol developed here allows us to generate retinal tissue that closely resembles the biological retina with high efficiency and stability,
Researchers discover that risk mutations disrupt a delicate chemical balance in the brain, responsible for brain development and function.
the team found that disease-linked mutations disrupt specific sets of genes contributing to excitatory and inhibitory signalling, the balance
and Genomics. ur study marks a significant step towards understanding the biology underpinning schizophrenia, which is an incredibly complex condition
The first evidence that schizophrenia mutations interfere with excitatory signalling was uncovered in 2011 by the same team,
They looked for types of mutation known as copy number variants (CNVS), mutations in which large stretches of DNA are deleted
the team was able to show that the mutations in individuals with the disorder tended to disrupt genes involved in specific aspects of brain function.
but the biology of these genes are understood poorly, said the study principal investigator Berislav Zlokovic, director of the Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute and holder of the Mary Hayley and Selim Zilkha chair for Alzheimer Disease research at the Keck School of medicine. ur new study shows that a deficiency in PICALM in blood vessels
he says. anticipate that this advance will have broad implications ranging from the basic biology of transcription to pathological mechanisms involved in diseases such as Alzheimer disease
This research has been collaboration between many distinct research groups combining cell biology to neuroscience. o sole research group could have achieved such a comprehensive view of the dendritic spine initiation mechanism and show its importance for the brain function
The discovery by Tufts University biologists presents the first model of regeneration discovered by a nonhuman intelligence and the first comprehensive model of planarian regeneration,
. Vannevar bush professor of biology and director of the Tufts Center for Regenerative and Developmental biology. ost regenerative models today derived from genetic experiments are arrow diagrams,
and developmental biology, said the paper first author, Daniel Lobo, Ph d, . postdoctoral fellow in the Levin lab. To address this challenge,
Tufts biologists devloped an algorithm that used evolutionary computation to produce regulatory networks able to volveto accurately predict the results of published research on planarian regeneration.
and bring an unusual perspective to the field of developmental biology. Levin majored in computer science and biology at Tufts before earning his Ph d. in genetics.
Lobo earned a Ph d. in the field before joining the Levin lab. The paper represents a successful application of the growing field of obot sciencewhich Levin says can help human researchers by doing much more than crunch enormous datasets quickly. hile
Lieber. his opens up a completely new frontier where we can explore the interface between electronic structures and biology.
but no one has addressed this issue the electronics/cellular interface at the level at which biology works.
If a mutation occurs in one of them the person develops the disease. Scientists introduced a mutated human gene (TDP-43 or FUS) into C. elegans,
Results were remarkable. orms with an immune deficit resulting from the tir-1 gene mutation were in better health
Loss of function mutations in tir-1, associated downstream kinases, and the transcription factor atf-7 all suppress motor neuron degeneration.
professor of cellular microbiology. he sensing component of the artificial neuron senses a change in chemical signals in one dish,
. E. P. Taylor Professor of Pain Studies at Mcgill University and Director of the Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain. he realization that the biological basis for pain between men and women
and at the Laboratory of Chromatin Biology and Epigenetics, The Rockefeller University, was published today in the journal Neuron.
creating a new front in the field of chromatin biology, said Ian Maze, Phd, Assistant professor of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics at the Icahn School of medicine at Mount sinai. y identifying this new mechanism of epigenetic regulation,
Patients with mutations in this gene present symptoms similar to optic atrophy and Charcot-Marie-Tooth Type 2 (CMT2), including vision loss and weakening of the lower leg and foot
assistant professor of Biology in the UM College of Arts and Sciences and a senior author of the study. hese data support a critical role for SLC25A46 and mitochondrial dynamics in the establishment and maintenance of neuronal processes.
Mutations in the genes associated with mitochondria dynamics OPA1 and MFN2 are linked to similar mitochondrial disorders.
Given the similarities between the diseases caused by mutations in OPA1, MFN2 and SLC25A46, these genes could be involved in common pathological mechanisms of neurodegeneration,
said Dr Kevin Harrington, professor of biological cancer therapies at the Institute of Cancer Research London (ICR),
Synthetic biologists are racing to come up with artificial versions of the building blocks of life.""We have been basically reinventing the genetic alphabet from the bottom up,
taking known fundamental principles of biology and applying them as an engineer would.""Others are more critical."
if you are going to reproduce intestinal biology, "Donowitz says. This lab is moving in that direction.
you may need to remember a bit of basic biology. The enzymes and other proteins in our bodies are built all from building blocks called amino acids.
and developmental biology at Yale university. Isaacs left Church's lab at Harvard to start his own at Yale.
According to experts at the United nations, the mass killings of the rare antelopes are attributable to a combination of environmental and biological factors.
This way, there are chances that the fluidic computer may find its uses in areas like biology, chemistry,
Researchers are able to study these frequencies to learn about the composition of biological samples and chemical processes taking place within them.
a microbiologist at Delft University of Technology, is working on a concrete with built-in bacteria that can fill in cracks as they form.
Jonkers hopes that eventually more buildings will be built with the biological concrete, creating structures that will fix themselves instead of degrading into fixer-uppers s
He looks to the recent advances in coding biological strands of DNA in a similar manner as a roadmap for how synthetic polymer technology can progress.
NA was designed really by biology and evolution to work in biological situations, but if you want to work in nanotechnology it is a very different environment,
a professor of biopolymer technology at Chalmers and one of the study authors, envisions a huge range of applications for products printed with cellulose."
when the mosquitoes mate, their young carry a mutation that kills them before theye able to reproduce
Flu vaccines effectively give your immune system a antedposter based on researchersbest predictions for the mutation that year.
These qualities make the material a good candidate for a range of applications on biological and nonbiological materials.
#Biologists Discover New Mechanism of Cell division Cell division is fundamental to all life forms. Human body develops from a single cell that divides billions of times to generate all tissue types,
This is what makes fruit flies such a powerful system for helping us to understand human biology, Dr Hickson said. hen chromosomes are segregated,
#Telomerase Cancer cell Mutation Mystery Solved More than 500,000 people in the United states die each year of cancer-related causes
and a new study has identified the mechanism behind one of the most common mutations that help cancer cells replicate limitlessly.
Recent cancer research has shown that highly recurrent mutations in the promoter of the TERT gene are the most common genetic mutations in many cancers,
Scientists have discovered that cells harboring these mutations aberrantly increase TERT expression, effectively making them immortal.
which these common mutations result in elevated TERT expression by using computational and experimental analyses to determine that the mechanism of increased TERT expression in tumor tissue relies on a specific transcription factor-a protein that binds specific DNA sequences
The TERT mutations act as a new binding site for the transcription factor that controls TERT expression.
The identified transcription factor and its regulators have great potential for the development of new precision therapeutic interventions in cancers that harbor the TERT mutations.
It was funded by Asthma UK, the Cardiff Partnership Fund, Marie Curie Initial Training Network, the Biotechnology and Biological sciences Research Council and the US National institutes of health t
which opens up potential applications such as the creation of microscopic centrifuges for biological cell sorting or small-scale, low-power water purification."
shape and orientation, said the paper's senior author, Michael Levin, Ph d.,Vannevar bush professor of biology and director of the Tufts Center for Regenerative and Developmental biology.
and developmental biology, said the paper's first author, Daniel Lobo, Ph d, . postdoctoral fellow in the Levin lab. To address this challenge,
and bring an unusual perspective to the field of developmental biology. Levin majored in computer science and biology at Tufts before earning his Ph d. in genetics.
Lobo earned a Ph d. in the field before joining the Levin lab. The paper represents a successful application of the growing field of"robot science
Currently, diagnosis of Ebola requires a full vial of venous blood to be shipped to a laboratory with a high level of biosafety and staff expertise for testing by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).
These plants were found to carry mutations in the STORR gene. These mutations cause a roadblock in the pathway to morphine production in poppy plants.
The scientists were able to show that the non-mutated wild type gene can overcome the roadblock
orphinan biosynthesis in opium poppy requires a P450-oxidoreductase fusion protein Science Express n
#Oscillatory Chemical reactions: What Your Clothes May Literally Say About You In the future Wearing a computer on your sleeve may be a lot cooler than a plastic watch with an Apple logo on it-researchers at the University of Pittsburgh have designed a responsive hybrid material fueled by an oscillatory chemical reactions.
To learn more, the researchers analyzed cryo-electron microscopy (CRYO EM) structures of 2d22 in complex with two different strains of viral serotype 2--the dengue serotype with the most dynamic surface--at 6. 5
These CRYO EM structures reveal that 2d22 binds to viral envelope proteins, locking about two-thirds of them in place on the viral surface and preventing them from reorganizing into the orientations required to enter host cells.
"CRYO EM structure of an antibody that neutralizes dengue virus type 2 by locking E protein dimers,"by G. Fibriansah;
Their work, published online July 8 by the journal Science Translational Medicine, could pave the way for gene therapy in people with hearing loss caused by genetic mutations."
and is a good model for recessive TMC1 mutations in humans: Children with two mutant copies of TMC1 have profound hearing loss from a very young age, usually by around 2 years.
The other type of mouse, called Beethoven, has a specific TMC1 mutation--a change in a single amino acid
In this form, less common than the recessive form, a single copy of the mutation causes children to gradually go deaf beginning around the age of 10 to 15 years.
"Mice with TMC1 mutations will just sit there, but with gene therapy, they jump as high as a normal mouse,
a mutation in the TMC1 gene is sufficient to cause deafness. However, Holt's study also showed that gene therapy with TMC2 could compensate for loss of a functional TMC1 gene,
It was observed by a team of researchers including Gilles Hickson, an assistant professor at the University of Montreal Department of Pathology and Cell biology and researcher at the CHU Sainte-Justine Research Centre, his assistant Silvana Jananji, in collaboration with Nelio
and Sergey Lekomtsev, a postdoc, working in the group led by Buzz Baum of the MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell biology at University college London.
This is what makes fruit flies such a powerful system for helping us to understand human biology.""When chromosomes are segregated,
who has devoted the last 15 years of his research life to cell biology. In fact, all cancers are unchecked characterised by cell division,
biological chemist Richard Lee, said in a press release. The team went on to develop six compounds that form a new class of antibiotics called aminomethyl spectinomycins.
and could also help them to control proteins and other biological components. It important to note that superlubricity doesn mean that friction disappears entirely,
and related impact of their novel method propels a huge variety of research fields investigating effects relevant from raft tectonics down to biological systems
#Computer solves 120-year-old biology problem that had stumped scientists Can computer software invent scientific theories and ideas as well as crunch numbers?
who have programmed a computer to come up with its own scientific hypothesis on one of biology's most well-known mysteries.
"This opens up a completely new frontier where we can explore the interface between electronic structures and biology.""
which biology works,"adds Lieber. His work has just been published in Nature Nanotechnology. Once injected, the miniature scaffolding is able to unfurl itself
which can deliver biological materials to cells. This allows the cells to be reprogrammed, and essentially recreates a fully functioning laboratory on a piece of plastic the size of a postage stamp. y overall goal is to use technology to reduce the cost of healthcare
a professor of molecular microbiology and immunology at Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public health in Maryland, told Linn.
essentially creating tiny biological robots that perform the will of their human masters. Using the interface,
Angry atheist and esteemed biologist Richard Dawkins thinks that religion is for idiots, and philosopher Sam Harris has written that here are few modes of thinking less congenial to religious faith than science is."
and p53 mutations-these two mutations are found in about half of all colorectal tumours in humans.
"If we can define which types of mutations and changes are the critical events driving tumour growth,
"This means that artificial neurons could theoretically be integrated into complex biological systems, such as our bodies,
and research to improve a couple's chances of having a biological child of their own. This discovery can potentially increase those chances."
"Reporting the results in PLOS Biology, the team says with 5ht2ar turned off in mice,
a distinguished professor in biology and physiology at UCLA. The team backed up this hypothesis by recording the electrical signals generated in the men's calf muscles
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