The findings highlight the potential for cows to serve as a reservoir for bacteria with the capacity for pandemic spread in humans.
The three-year study of blue tits which also involved researchers from the University of California Davis USA and the University of Glasgow showed that mothers with more UV-reflectant crown feathers did not lay more eggs
The birds are socially monogamous with the female solely incubating the eggs and both parents feeding the chicks.
We showed that dowdy coloured females found this level of hard work twice as stressful compared with brighter mothers.
and reduction in variety of forage sources due to pressures of intensifying land use increasing spread of new and old pests--caused by globalisation of trade in bees and bee products--as well as possible adverse effects
#Healthy diet, moderate alcohol linked with decreased risk of kidney disease in patient with diabeteseating a healthy diet
However little is known about the long-term effect of diet on the incidence and progression of early-stage diabetic CKD according to the study background.
Daniela Dunkler Ph d. of Mcmaster University Ontario Canada and colleagues examined the association of a healthy diet alcohol protein and sodium intake with incident or progression of CKD among patients with type
A healthy diet and moderate intake of alcohol may decrease the incidence or progression of CKD among individuals with type 2 diabetes.
Moving Dietary Management of Diabetes Forwardin a related commentary Holly Kramer M d. M p h. of Loyola University Chicago Maywood Ill. and Alex Chang M d. M
Patients with both type 2 diabetes and kidney disease may be frustrated by the numerous dietary restrictions that are recommended by their health care team.
and treating hypertension and the same dietary advice for everyone: eat a diet rich in fruits
and vegetables low-fat dairy products and whole grains while minimizing saturated and total fat they conclude.
and characterized by an enhanced environmental malaria risk despite intensive mosquito control efforts said Pascual the Rosemary Grant Collegiate Professor of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology at U-M and a Howard
In the human body the parasites multiply in the liver and then infect red blood cells. In the PNAS study the researchers examined epidemiological data on microscopically confirmed malaria cases from rural areas some dating back to 1997.
#School lunch and TV time linked with childhood obesityamong middle-school children the behaviors most often linked with obesity are school lunch consumption
Additional work is needed to help us understand the beneficial impact of improving school lunches and decreasing screen time says cardiologist and senior study author Elizabeth Jackson M d. M p h. assistant professor of internal medicine at the University of Michigan Medical school.
Other studies have linked eating school lunch with obesity but a major issue with such studies Jackson says is the influence of socioeconomic status. Poor children eligible for free
considering the link between obesity and lower socioeconomic status. Although we were not able to examine the specific nutritional content of school lunches previous research suggests school lunches include nutrient-poor
and quickly spread through the ponderosa pine canopies on the rolling hills near Colorado springs. The wildfire destroyed 500 homes in the first 48 hours
These data feed into decision support systems that guide managers on where and when to deploy valuable firefighting resources and where to focus fire-prevention and recovery efforts.
We can take heart that native woodpecker species are clearly figuring out that EAB is edible
to the Makgadikgadi Salt Pans--the largest salt pan system on the planet. Zebras walk an unmarked route that takes them to the next best place for grazing
Anecdotal evidence--unverified stories--prior to the 1970s described a zebra migration from the Okavango Delta to the Makgadikgadi Salt Pans at the start of the rainy season in September
The veterinary fences--which had been built to keep wild buffalo from transferring diseases to cattle--were taken down in 2004.
Our findings reinforce that the novel virus possesses the potential for pandemic spread. So does this imply that H7n9 has come one step closer towards adapting fully to humans ask James Rudge
and does not necessarily indicate that the virus is on course to develop sustained transmission among humans.
#Sleep deprivation linked to junk food cravingsa sleepless night makes us more likely to reach for doughnuts
or pizza than for whole grains and leafy green vegetables suggests a new study from UC Berkeley that examines the brain regions that control food choices.
Food choices presented in the experiment ranged from fruits and vegetables such as strawberries apples and carrots to high-calorie burgers pizza and doughnuts.
A sandwich of many layers of such material might provide substantial protection from a blast in a lightweight wearable form though such applications will likely require substantial further research Fang says.
#Vegetarian diet for fish: Scientists discover key to easing aquacultures reliance on wild-caught fishfor the first time scientists have been able to develop a completely vegetarian diet that works for marine fish raised in aquaculture the key to making aquaculture a sustainable industry as the world's need for protein increases.
and gilthead sea bream in reaching maturity just as well as--and sometimes better than--conventional diets of fish meal and fish oil made from wild-caught fish.
We can now sustain a good protein source without harvesting fish to feed fish. The replacement of fishmeal and fish oil in aquaculture diets has been a goal for researchers for decades
but has met with limited success. The team's research centered on evaluating fishmeal-free plant protein-based diets originally developed for rainbow trout by the USDA-Agricultural research service
and modifying them to replace the fish oil for cobia and potentially other high-value high-value marine carnivores.
and ease the pressure on catching wild fish raising fish on a vegetarian diet also means cleaner fish to eat with levels of PCBS and mercury as much as 100-fold lower.
but that isn't true for bags of broccoli that you pluck out of your grocery's freezer she noted.
Try teaming frozen broccoli with raw radishes cabbage arugula watercress horseradish spicy mustard or wasabi to give those bioactive compounds a boost she advised.
Kabay used published studies of timber rattlers'diets at four Eastern forest sites to estimate the number of small mammals the snakes consume
and animal feedthe world's croplands could feed 4 billion more people than they do now just by shifting from producing animal feed
Even a smaller partial shift from crop-intensive livestock such as feedlot beef to food animals such as chicken or pork could increase agricultural efficiency
Demand for crops is expected to double by 2050 as population grows and increasing affluence boosts meat consumption.
Meat takes a particularly big toll on food security because it takes up to 30 crop calories to produce a single calorie of meat.
In addition crops are increasingly being used for biofuels rather than food production. This study sought to quantify the benefit to food security that would accrue
if some or all of the lands used to produce animal feed and fuel were reallocated to directly produce food for people.
while a complete shift from animal to plant-based diets may not be feasible even a partial shift would benefit food security.
Quantifying the impact of various strategies they found that a shift from crop-intensive beef to pork
and chicken could feed an additional 357 million people and a shift to nonmeat diets that include eggs
and milk could feed an additional 815 million people. The researchers emphasized that they are not making diet prescriptions or recommendations just pointing out opportunities for gains in food production.
They noted that humans can completely meet protein needs with plant-based diets but that crop systems would need to shift (e g. toward more production of protein-rich legumes) to meet human dietary needs.
The good news is that we already produce enough calories to feed a few billion more people Cassidy says.
malt (isobutyraldehyde) apple (Î-damascenone) blue cheese (2-heptanone) and Î-ionone which smells floral to some people
when people sit down to eat a meal they each experience it in their own personalized way says Jeremy Mcrae.
So if you are good at smelling blue cheese it doesn't mean you're necessarily good at smelling the apple next to it.
#Chanel, UCSBS corpse flower, blooms and causes a big stinkchanel UC Santa barbara's corpse flower has finally spread her odiferous wings broadcasting a stench that smells like a cross between rotting flesh and Limburger cheese.
#A glass of milk after eating sugary cereals may prevent cavitieswashing down sugary breakfast cereal with milk after eating reduces plaque acid levels
Dry ready-to-eat sugar-added cereals combine refined sugar and starch. When those carbohydrates are consumed bacteria in the dental plaque on tooth surfaces produce acids says Christine Wu professor of pediatric dentistry
but the added sugar can be a risk to dental health Wu said. Our study results show that only milk was able to reduce acidity of dental plaque resulting from consuming sugary Froot Loops said Naval who is currently a fellow at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta.
Eating cereal combined with milk lowered plaque ph to levels similar to that obtained after rinsing with a 10 percent sugar solution.
Eating sugar-added cereal with milk followed by drinking fruit juice is thus a highly cavity-causing combination Wu said.
Studies of food intake and cavities have focused mainly on the sugar or carbohydrate content. Fewer studies have looked at how combinations of food and the order in
For example eating cheese after a sugary meal reduces acid production and consumers can modify their diet in such a way as to prevent the cavity-causing effects of sugary foods.
If understood and implemented properly food sequencing can be used as a public health educational tool to maintain
Also potential detrimental effects such as the accumulation of salt in desert soils need to be evaluated carefully.
#Diets lacking omega-3s lead to anxiety, hyperactivity in teens: Generational omega-3 deficiencies have worsening effects over timediets lacking omega-3 fatty acids--found in foods like wild fish some eggs
and grass-fed livestock--can have worsened effects over consecutive generations especially affecting teens according to a University of Pittsburgh study.
not only because their diet is deficient but because their parents'diet was deficient as well. This is of particular concern
Diets lacking omega-3 fatty acids--found in foods like wild fish eggs and grass-fed livestock--can have worsened effects over consecutive generations especially affecting teens according to a University of Pittsburgh study.
Performing experiments in rats in Moghaddam's laboratory the research team examined a second generation of omega-3-deficient diets mimicking present-day adolescents.
It's remarkable that a relatively common dietary change can have said generational effects Moghaddam. It indicates that our diet does not merely affect us in the short-term
but also can affect our offspring. Other Pitt researchers involved in the study include Gonzalo Torres (ENGR'81) associate professor of neurobiology and from the Moghaddam laboratory:
The researchers conducted experiments with both embryos and hatchlings that were collected as newly laid eggs from four Pennsylvania ponds--two near agricultural fields and two farther away.
Return of wolves aids grizzly bears in Yellowstonea new study suggests that the return of wolves to Yellowstone national park is beginning to bring back a key part of the diet of grizzly bears that has been missing for much of the past century--berries that help bears
The report said that berries may be sufficiently important to grizzly bear diet and health that they could be considered in legal disputes--as is white pine nut availability now--about
and reproduction and at certain times of the year can be more than half their diet in many places in North america.
and shrub recovery researchers said this improves the diet and health of grizzly bears. In turn a healthy grizzly bear population provides a second avenue of control on wild ungulates especially on newborns in the spring time.
Because the abundant elk have been an important food for Yellowstone grizzly bears for the past half-century the increased supply of berries may help offset the reduced availability of elk in the bears'diet in recent years.
Before going extinct in the American Southwest by the early 1900s grizzly bear diets shifted toward livestock depredation the report noted
when the number and force of head hits incurred over the course of a season were measured.
and games over the course of a single season the researchers employed sensors in the helmets of 50 players on three teams in two different leagues.
%Slow action#Pulverised on the surface of potatoes or the eggs of the invasive species the granulovirus contaminates the larvae through ingestion.
because they cause a sugar high then a crash. A balanced breakfast will fuel the body for a long period
and help sustain their attention level through lunch when they need to eat well again Casazza said.
This will hold them until dinner and they won't snack ravenously after school. If the kids do need to eat something prior to dinner consider these options:#¢
#¢Offer healthy choices like yogurt fruits and veggies.#¢#¢If they want kid stuff baked chips can be an option in moderation.#¢
#¢Drink water. Soda lacks nutritional value. Once homework and dinner are done sleep needs to be the priority.
Children need a good night's sleep for their overall school performance said Kristin Avis Ph d. associate professor in the Department of Pediatrics Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine.
while an oak sapling's spread is much flatter. Dr Stefan Kepinski senior lecturer in the University of Leeds'Faculty of Biological sciences and lead author of a paper in the journal Current Biology that gets to the bottom of the mystery said:
Depending on what sort of soil a plant is in it might be beneficial to be foraging for nutrients in the top soil
For example lateral root growth angle has been shown to be critical for increasing nutrient uptake in both broadleaf and cereal crop species. Our findings provide tools
It has enormous potential to help feed more people in many of the poorer parts of the world
In an unexpected finding most of the crops that the bees were pollinating appeared to provide their hives with little nourishment.
Honey bees gather pollen to take to their hives and feed their young. But when the researchers collected pollen from bees foraging on native North american crops such as blueberries and watermelon they found the pollen came from other flowering plants in the area not from the crops.
#Athletes need to be careful to monitor diet, weight to maintain muscle massathletes seeking a healthy performance weight should eat high fiber low-fat food balanced with their training regimen
In a peer-reviewed literature review published this summer in the Nestle Nutritional Institution Workshop Series OSU researcher Melinda Manore looked at the benefits of teaching athletes how to consume what she calls a low-energy-dense diet or high
She said too many athletes are pushed into fad diets or try to restrict calorie intake too much in a way that is unhealthy and unsustainable.
It's important she said to adopt a low-energy-dense diet which includes a large amount of fruits vegetables whole grains lean meat fish
and low-fat dairy. Avoid beverages high in sugar especially soda and alcohol. Manore said half of a plate of food should be filled with fruits
and veggies and processed food should be avoided. Always opt for the food over the drink don't drink your calories Manore said.
Instead of drinking orange juice eat an orange. It has more fiber and fills you up more.
While her paper is aimed at competitive and recreational athletes Manore said all of these tips can apply to anyone who wants to change their diet and head in a healthier direction.
From there it continues its course to the Ganges river delta and the Bay of bengal. At the head of the Tsangpo Gorge the river makes a sharp bend around Namche Barwa a 25500-foot peak that is the eastern anchor of The himalayas.
and Research Initiative (UKIERI) chose a study population with relatively similar dietary and socioeconomic status that was exposed not otherwise to arsenic for example through drinking water.
and regulatory authorities to design further extensive research to set improved regulatory values for arsenic in rice particularly for those billions of people who consume 10 to 50%rice in their daily diet.*
and others supplying the vast data that feed the Googles and Expedias of the world.
and by 45 percent by 2100 depriving the basin of water that countries are counting on to drive turbines and feed farms.
show themif given the choice between eating a salad loaded with veggies or a burger and fries most kids
Laura Smarandescu an assistant professor of marketing and Brian Mennecke an associate professor of information systems did just that using a digital display featuring a rotating image of a salad along with menu information.
They found salad consumption among kids increased as much as 90 percent when a digital display showed a rotating image of the salad.
The results are from a field study conducted in July at the YMCA of Greater Des moines camp in Boone.
which included foods like tacos sloppy joes fruits and vegetables and had the additional option of a salad bar.
and after each meal to calculate how much was consumed. The digital sign had the greatest appeal among boys at the camp who were 50 to 70 percent more likely to serve themselves lettuce cucumbers tomatoes
and carrots when the digital display showcased a vivid picture of a salad. The cool effect that we found
You respond to the image on the display like you would respond to a plate in front of you.
and others follow to form the familiar chicken-wire grid. Experiments in Tour's lab to see how graphene grows under high pressure
and to control the spread of disease. A new study to be published in Nature's The ISME Journal reveals the profound effect it has on enriching soil with bacteria fungi and protozoa.
which in turn helps the plant to acquire nutrients regulate growth and protect itself against pests
and honeybees (Nosema ceranae and deformed wing virus). After the screening tests the team conducted a series of carefully controlled laboratory experiments to find out
and just market the weedy stuff that's infested the fields as a health food he says.
Most adults feed on fruits sap nectar or other sweet fluids. The larvae vary considerably in size
#Monitoring nutrient intake can help vegetarian athletes stay competitivea balanced plant-based diet provides the same quality of fuel for athletes as a meat-based diet provided vegetarians seek out other sources
of certain nutrients that are more commonly found in animal products according to a presentation at the 2013 Institute of Food Technologists (IFT) Annual Meeting & Expo.
The key to success Ghosh found is that vegetarian athletes must find ways within their diet to reach the acceptable macronutrient distribution for all athletes which he breaks down as carbohydrates (45-65 percent) fat (20-35 percent
Vegetarians should find non-meat sources of iron creatine zinc Vitamin b12 Vitamin d and calcium because the main sources of these typically are animal products
and could be lacking in their diets. Vegetarian women in particular are increased at risk for non-anemic iron deficiency
and green leafy vegetables fruits fortified breakfast cereals soy drinks nuts and milk products (for vegetarians who consume dairy).
but there needs to be controlled a well long-term study to further assess the impact of a vegetarian diet on athletic performance.
Maize is at the center of global food security as increasing demands for meat fuel uses
and cereal crop demands increase the grain's pivotal importance in diets worldwide. It is used as a basic raw material in producing starch oil protein alcohol food sweeteners and as a dietary staple.
which the authors say supports the hypothesis that stressed bees leave the hive altruistically to prevent the spread of infection.
and crops benefit from its nutrients over many years. This new theory indicates a long-term approach to farming.
The study also has important implications for research into the diet of early farmers. Archaeologists rely on the stable isotope analysis of the skeletal remains to establish a signature which provides information about what people once ate.
The heavier stable isotope of nitrogen-15 found in manure mimics the isotopic effect of a diet rich in meat and milk.
It had been assumed that early farmers in northwest Europe had a diet full of animal protein. However these results suggest that the protein from cereal
and that Neolithic crops were a staple part of their diet. The crop nitrogen isotope analysis suggests that early farmers in Europe used their manure strategically as a resource that was limited by the number of animals they owned
In the most populated corner of the United states inadvertent human assistance has enhanced greatly insects'ability to spread from the initial point of invasion throughout a region.
when nonnative pests are introduced it is just a matter of time until they spread. With shipping patterns shifting to Western ports we are concerned that the West will catch up over the next century.
because meat and dairy are a small share of diets especially in developing countries. To conduct the study Valin
As scfos provides approximately 30-to-50 percent of the sweetness of regular sugar it can be used to enhance flavor
and lower the amount of sugar in a food product. In addition scfos are considered prebiotics. After they are consumed fructooligosaccharides move to the large intestine to stimulate the production of microbiota in the colon and gastrointestinal track.
Microbiotas produce essential nutrients such as short-chain fatty acids; control epithelial cell growth (the cells that line body cavities;
The regular addition of scfos to the diet is ideal for maintaining mineral density and (bone) strength said Phillip Allsopp Ph d. research associate at the University of Ulster in Coleraine Ireland.
It can be found in milk yogurts and other dairy products as well as snacks cereal bars and candy.
and juices as well as salty foods that make them feel full like French fries and pizza. But environment peer groups family and exposure to a variety of menu items play a key role in children's food choices.
In her studies she found children like fat and sugar and somewhat surprisingly fruit is at the top of the list of food choices followed by starches meat and eggs dairy and vegetables.
She said it's not surprising kids like candy and cake over peas and carrots.
and cheese as she found in a study of preschoolers. Taste preferences are evident shortly after birth with children preferring sweet and salty tastes first
or in the case of one broccoli study offering a side of ranch dip to entice the child.
Fisher recommends diversifying diets in pregnant and nursing women since diets are determined long before they taste their first bite of solid food.
Parental behavior also drives healthy food choices that are available accessible and familiar. When children are watching adults they more quickly try new foods
And if you bribe kids with dessert they will end up disliking the vegetables even more. Parents who also get their kids involved in food preparation
nuts/soy chips) and unhealthy options (various candy bars flavored popcorn sugar cookies. They also were asked to rate how often during the week they choose that snack.
If you're interested in maximizing Vitamin e intake chopped almonds almond butter or almond oil may be a better choice.
explained in his abstract that scientists today continue to estimate the measurements of energy derived from foods based on calculations created over 125 years ago by Wilbur O. Atwater (CQ) a USDA agricultural chemist who published his findings from more than 200 dietary
and recognized a new study released Friday about school lunches. It recommended a ban on people bringing in packed lunches which are not as healthy as school meals Wickham said.
We tend to talk about school meals and their nutritional quality but this is the first time where they talked about the calories playing a major part in childhood obesity in the UK.
Wickham added that in December 2012 the European union published new regulations on food energy guidelines
and a European-wide way to handle calories also suggesting new measurements of the macro micro nutrients
#Spicing up food can make up for missing fatadding just a small amount of everyday herbs
and spices to vegetables and reduced-calorie meals may make those foods more appetizing to consumers
and choose more foods in line with the Dietary Guidelines for Americans according to research presented at the 2013 Institute of Food Technologists (IFT) Annual Meeting
he conducted using meatloaf vegetables and creamy pasta. The test group of 150 subjects tasted the meal with full fat (610 calories reduced fat and reduced fat with everyday spices added such as onion oregano paprika and garlic
(both 395 calories. They then rated the meals using a nine-point Likert scale. The meals were randomized so nobody knew which of the three they were eating.
The analysis of the experiment found:#¢#¢The full-fat meal and the reduced-fat meal with spices both scored the same (about a 7. 0). The reduced-fat meal with no spices scored about a 6. 25.
Peters noted that simply adding herbs and spices was enough to improve the reduced-fat version enough that it was rated as highly as the full-fat version.#¢
#¢The reduced-fat meatloaf with spices scored slightly higher than the full-fat version (6. 75 vs. 6. 50)
while the reduced-fat only version was rated just above 6. 0.#¢The spiced-up reduced-fat vegetables scored slightly above 7. 0
while the full-fat version scored just under 7. 0. The reduced-fat only vegetables scored a little below 6. 5.#¢The full-fat creamy pasta was favored still more scoring slightly above 7. 25 vs. a little above 6. 5
for the spicy reduced-fat version and slightly below 6. 0 for the reduced-fat with no spice.
Peters says reducing the fat in components like milk and cheese may contribute to an overall less satisfying feel and taste.
Still he noted that adding spices made up some of the ratings deficit between the full-fat version and the non-spicy reduced-fat version.
Peters urged the food industry to continue studying the relationship between herbs and spices and dietary satisfaction.
Substituting herbs and spices for fat may be a promising strategy for helping people meet the Dietary Guidelines especially
if it's simple stuff you can buy in the store that doesn't require any exotic training said Peters whose research was funded in part by the Mccormick Science Institute.
and disseminate information on the health benefits of culinary herbs and spices. Spice manufacturer Mccormick & Company Inc. supports the initiatives of the Mccormick Science Institute through funding.
Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by Institute of Food Technologists (IFT. Note:
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