Foods associated with a higher risk of diabetes include red and processed meat sugar-sweetened beverages alcohol in excess quantities and refined grains such as white flour.
Current evidence shows that some fats such as those from red and processed meats are associated with higher cardiovascular risk
and meats but how they store those meats varies. Fifty percent or more of the consumers in Russia India Thailand Colombia and the U s. would freeze the meat right away
although these consumers often would improperly store the meat. If you think about the typical refrigerator
and the air movement within the fridge warmer air typically rises higher Koppel said. If you put the meat in a place where the temperature is warmer then it's more likely to spoil.
Raw meats also may have juices that leak and there is a possibility that the juices may cross-contaminate ingredients on lower shelves.
The safest place to store raw meat in the refrigerator is on the bottom shelf. The research found mixed results on this with most of the consumers in Argentina and Colombia storing meat on higher shelves putting them at a higher risk for contamination.
The riskiest behavior was exhibited in preparing the eggs and poultry. About 90 percent of consumers in Colombia and 70 percent of consumers in India washed these products in the sink before preparation.
In the U s. about 40 percent did. If you think about washing something in the sink typically water splatters on the surface around the sink Koppel said.
The research is supported by the Pork CRC which is based at the Roseworthy campus. Story Source:
Slowed down on replay their wings thrum like helicopter blades as they hover near food.
Before scientists sequenced its genes people assumed that chickens and all birds taste things the same way that mammals do:
After cloning the genes for taste receptors from chickens swifts and hummingbirds--a three-year process--Baldwin needed to test what the proteins expressed by these genes were responding to.
Together they showed that in chickens and swifts the receptor responds strongly to amino acids--the umami flavors--but in hummingbirds only weakly.
Toda mixed and matched different subunits of the chicken and hummingbird taste receptors into hybrid chimeras to understand which parts of the gene were involved in this change in function.
and causing a drastic change in the ability of ecosystems to produce food--specifically meat.
and people who have ranches are producing predominantly meat to make a profit. But in the U s. many people who own ranches don't actually raise cattle.
#Bloodsucking parasitic eyeworm a culprit to 2010 quail decline, researchers believein the summer of 2010 the Rolling Plains of West Texas expected a bumper crop of quail.
Now as part of the largest quail disease study ever undertaken in the U s. scientists at The Institute of Environmental and Human Health at Texas Tech University believe they have found a major culprit.
The study part of multi-million-dollar Operation Idiopathic Decline and funded by the private Rolling Plains Quail Research Foundation is titled Evidence of an Oxispirura petrowi Epizootic in Northern bobwhites
Rick Snipes president of The Rolling Plains Quail Research Foundation said he was impressed with the researchers'findings.
In the paper Live Eyeworm (Oxyspirura petrowi) extraction in-vitro culture and Transfer for Experimental Studies published in the Journal of Parasitology Kendall describes how these parasitic nematodes ingest blood from the quail
and you compared the size of the quail eye to the human eye it would be like having a worm about the size of a toothpick behind your eye.
There's no way for the quail to get these parasites out once they invade the eye.
and insect numbers for the quail to eat and for a time quail numbers swelled.
and many communities depend on the economic boost quail hunting brings. It was very green and lush
and we had a lot of quail he said. Then we didn't have any quail when we approached October 1.
We do not believe it had anything to do with habitat. Habitat in 2010 was the best we had seen in many years.
We think infection with these eyeworms can negatively impact vision of quail. These birds need to be 100 percent performance ready to get away from a Cooper's hawk.
If you are a quail in the wild and if you have vision impairment it could negatively impact your ability to get away from a predator.
which in turn created a quail population boom. But there was a catch. Kendall believes that by eating crickets infected with eyeworms quail were actually swallowing a poisoned pill.
Eggs from eyeworms in quail would be left behind in the birds'feces which in turn would be eaten by more crickets.
Maybe this might provide more interpretation of why we have such large cyclic crashes of quail.
One thing we do know is that there have been increased reports of quail flying into objects such as barns and houses.
#Ecology could break deadlock between grouse shooting, hen harrier conservation on UK moorlandsas another grouse shooting season begins research out today in The british Ecological Society's Journal of Applied Ecology shows ecology could help break the decades-long deadlock
between grouse shooters and conservationists seeking to protect hen harriers on UK moorlands. Led by Professor Steve Redpath of the University of Aberdeen the study involved grouse managers and conservationists as well as ecologists.
Using science as a way to seek solutions to the conflict the grouse managers and conservationists together agreed key questions they wanted the research to answer.
The ecologists then developed a model to explore a possible compromise solution. The model showed that at certain population densities harriers can coexist with profitable grouse shooting.
According to Redpath: The model suggested that across the grouse moors of England there was room for 70 pairs of hen harriers at relatively low cost for grouse shooting.
This could be achieved using a simple approach where when harriers breed at levels that have a significant economic impact on grouse shoots the excess chicks would be removed from the grouse moors reared in captivity
and then released into the wild elsewhere. Similar schemes are used in continental Europe where harriers breeding in crops are threatened by harvesting.
The next step is for grouse managers and conservationists to use the results of the model to agree on an acceptable number of harriers
and then test the idea in a field trial. The standoff between grouse managers and hen harrier conservationists is one of the UK's most bitter and contentious wildlife conflicts.
Grouse managers want to maximize the number of birds available for shooting and see any predation by hen harriers as a threat.
Hen harriers eat grouse and are killed illegally so despite being protected legally the birds have disappeared all but on moorland managed for intensive grouse shooting.
There were no breeding harriers in England in 2013. Grouse moor management has benefits for biodiversity and for communities.
and director of the Lactation Program at The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP) and the invited guest editor of the August 2014 issue of the journal published by the National Association of Neonatal Nurses.
An internationally prominent lactation expert Spatz leads a robust breastfeeding and Lactation Program at CHOP.
CHOP is already on the cutting edge of human milk science and lactation services with a state-of-the-art Human Milk Management Center and round-the-clock support from nurses and international board-certified lactation consultants
At CHOP more than four out of five infants discharged from the Hospital's intensive care units are receiving human milk.
This week CHOP announced plans to launch a nonprofit milk bank with the Human Milk Banking Association of North america within a year an onsite resource not commonly offered within a U s. children's hospital.
In the special issue Spatz and her colleagues from CHOP and other institutions cover a variety of topics on the provision of human milk in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) including original research articles ethical rationales
of CHOP's Lactation Team and the Human Milk Management Center and Spatz argues that under the best interest principle the infant's best interest not parental authority should have priority in guiding infant feeding practices particularly for critically ill babies in the NICU.
and colleagues describes the CHOP experience in developing its Human Milk Management Center. This centralized facility optimizes the provision of human milk for the most vulnerable infants allowing staff to analyze human milk fortifying milk under clean conditions
#Eating resistant starch may help reduce red meat-related colorectal cancer riskconsumption of a type of starch that acts like fiber may help reduce colorectal cancer risk associated with a high red meat diet
Red meat and resistant starch have opposite effects on the colorectal cancer-promoting mirnas the mir-17-92 cluster said Karen J. Humphreys Phd a research associate at the Flinders Center
This finding supports consumption of resistant starch as a means of reducing the risk associated with a high red meat diet.
Total meat consumption in the USA European union and the developed world has continued to increase from the 1960s
After eating 300 g of lean red meat per day for four weeks study participants had a 30 percent increase in the levels of certain genetic molecules called mir-17-92
Consuming 40 g of butyrated resistant starch per day along with red meat for four weeks brought mir-17-92 levels down to baseline levels.
Participants either ate the red meat diet or the red meat plus butyrated resistant starch diet for four weeks and after a four-week washout period switched to the other diet for another four weeks.
Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by American Association for Cancer Research. Note:
It's tender white meat but not like chicken. It's like sand monitor lizard. Martu men drive along dirt four-wheel-drive tracks to different hunting areas.
The effort to sequence the African rice genome was led by Rod A. Wing director of the Arizona Genomics Institute at the UA and the Bud Antle Endowed Chair in the School of Plant sciences in the UA College of Agriculture
Rice feeds half the world making it the most important food crop Wing said. Rice will play a key role in helping to solve what we call the 9 billion-people question.
We're merging disciplines to solve the 9 billion-people question Wing said. Although it is cultivated currently in only a handful of locations around the world African rice is hardier
and more resistant to environmental stress in West african environments than Asian varieties Wing said. African rice already has been crossed with Asian rice to produce new varieties under a group known as NERICA which stands for New Rice for Africa.
or through genetic modification techniques noted Wing who is also a member of the UA's BIO5 Institute and holds the Axa Endowed Chair of Genome Biology and Evolutionary Genomics at the International Rice Research
Wing's research group specializes in developing what geneticists call physical maps a tool that enables scientists to understand the structure of the genome.
Yeisoo Yu a research associate professor in Wing's research group at the Arizona Genomics Institute led the sequencing effort.
what is known about the genetic structure of wild varieties Wing and his team found that it's most similar to a population of wild rice species found in one location along the Niger river in Mali.
Our data supports the hypothesis that the domestication of African rice was centric in this region of Africa Wing said.
From 1998 to 2005 Wing led the U s. effort to help sequence the genome of Asian rice which is the only other domesticated rice species. Those results were published in the journal Nature in 2005
Wing's research group is now focusing on sequencing and analyzing the genomes of the wild relatives of African and Asian rice.
and plant pathogens Wing explained. One example he said would be adding disease resistance genes from all of the wild rice varieties to a species of cultivated rice creating a new super-crop that is resistant to diseases and pests.
Wing is also working with Quifa Zhang from Huazhong Agricultural University in Wuhan China to create a set of super-crop science
In November Wing and his collaborators will celebrate the 10th anniversary of the completion of the Asian rice genome
because plants represent the main food source for cattle in countries such as Brazil--one of the only countries in the world that produce meat and milk through the extensive farming of livestock i e. through livestock farming in pastures.
and Maine's only native rabbit after new research based on genetic monitoring has found that in the last decade cottontail populations in northern New england have become more isolated
This is our only native rabbit and is an integral component of the native New england wildlife.
and roadsides may support rabbit dispersal as they provided the animal's preferred scrub habitat.
Occasionally underpasses and culverts also may be effective conduits for rabbit travel. The researchers hope that an improved understanding of how the cottontail moves through the landscape will assist wildlife and land managers in species recovery efforts.
Researchers identified the genetic pattern of individual rabbits and used information about genetic relatedness to make estimates of gene flow.
This is because there was a strong rise in the demand for pork during the Industrial revolution and pig farmers in the UK in particular saw that Asian pigs had wanted characteristics they to improve in their own pigs.
#Real price of steak: Comparing environmental costs of livestock-based foodswe are told that eating beef is bad for the environment
but do we know its real cost? Are the other animal or animal-derived foods better or worse?
dairy beef poultry pork and eggs. Their idea was to calculate the environmental inputs-the costs-per nutritional unit:
The calculations showed that the biggest culprit by far is beef. That was no surprise say Milo and Shepon.
In total eating beef is more costly to the environment by an order of magnitude-about ten times on average-than other animal-derived foods including pork and poultry.
Poultry pork eggs and dairy all came out fairly similar. That was also surprising because dairy production is thought often to be relatively environmentally benign.
Meat turns up the heat as livestock emit greenhouse gaseseating meat contributes to climate change due to greenhouse gasses emitted by livestock.
This is expected to increase further going forward as demand for meat dairy products and eggs is predicted by some scientists to double by 2050.
but this improvement is not keeping up with the increasing demand for meat said Caro.
Breaking it down by animal beef and dairy cattle comprised 74 percent of livestock-related greenhouse gas emissions 54 percent coming from beef cattle and 17 percent from dairy cattle.
Sheep comprised 9 percent buffalo 7 percent pigs 5 percent and goats 4 percent. That tasty hamburger is the real culprit Caldeira said.
but a lot of improvement could come from eating pork or chicken instead of beef. Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by Carnegie Institution.
bacteria in the gut--and not just liver enzymes--are crucial in allowing herbivores to feed on toxic plants says biologist Kevin Kohl a postdoctoral researcher
and kept in the lab on a diet of rabbit chow. In the first experiment the scientists studied the relative abundances of gut-microbe genes in two groups of the creosote-eating Mojave woodrats.
One group was fed rabbit chow containing 1 percent of creosote resin for two days followed by rabbit chow with 2 percent of creosote resin for three days.
One group was placed on a diet of rabbit chow and creosote resin. With their gut microbes killed by the antibiotic they were unable to feed on creosote
So in the experiment juniper-eating Great Basin woodrats were fed rabbit chow mixed with feces either from other juniper eaters or from creosote-eating Mojave woodrats.
when woodrats didn't get transplants of creosote-detoxifying microbes their urine was more acidic suggesting their livers expended a lot of energy to degrade creosote toxins.
But in juniper eaters that consumed the feces of creosote eaters their newly acquired gut microbes likely detoxified most of the creosote taking the burden off of liver enzymes.
#Eating lean beef daily can help lower blood pressure, study suggestscontrary to conventional wisdom a growing body of evidence shows that eating lean beef can reduce risk factors for heart disease according to recent research by nutritional scientists.
This research adds to the significant evidence including work previously done in our lab that supports lean beef's role in a heart-healthy diet said Penny M. Kris-Etherton Distinguished Professor of Nutrition Penn State.
This study shows that nutrient-rich lean beef can be included as part of a heart-healthy diet that reduces blood pressure
which can help lower the risk for cardiovascular disease. The DASH eating plan--Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension--is recommended currently by the American Heart Association to lower blood pressure
The Beef Checkoff Program and the National institutes of health-supported Penn State General Clinical Research center funded this research.
Lean beef can be enjoyed as the predominant protein source in a DASH-like diet along with fruits vegetables and low-fat dairy to effectively help lower blood pressure in healthy individuals the researchers report in the Journal of Human Hypertension.
This DASH-like diet is called also the BOLD+diet--Beef in an Optimal Lean Diet plus additional protein.
The control diet consisted of 0. 7 ounces of lean beef per day while the DASH diet included 1. 0 ounce.
and the BOLD+diet included 5. 4 ounces of lean beef. The researchers tested the four different diets with 36 participants between the ages of 30 and 65.
The loss of 1 kilogram of boneless beef has the same effect as wasting 24 kilograms of wheat due to inefficiencies in converting grain to meat.
which functions like the liver and fat tissues in humans and other vertebrates. We figured that the fat body might be a particularly revealing tissue to examine
These differences remained even in an experimental hive that the researchers discovered was infected with deformed wing virus one of the many maladies that afflict honey bees around the world.
The U s. Department of agriculture Food safety and Inspection Service has a zero tolerance policy for the CDC top six non-O157 STECS in raw ground beef
and trimmings indicating any raw non-intact beef products containing these pathogens will be considered adulterated. This has led Zhu
and Sheng to include the beef industry in the large-scale application of their findings on cinnamon.
and coatings for packaging both meat and fresh produce Sheng said. It can also be added into the washing step of meat fruits
or vegetables to eliminate microorganisms. Cassia cinnamon is produced primarily in Indonesia and has a stronger smell than the other common cinnamon variety Ceylon.
whose mutation affects plant stem growth a finding that could lead to the development of improved soybean cultivars for the northern United states. Purdue agronomy professor Jianxin Ma (pronounced Jen-SHIN'Ma)
In a gastronomic tour of some of the many food descriptors used in medicine the author highlights imagery such as'anchovy sauce'to describe the pus from a liver abscess through'sago spleen'to indicate protein (amyloid) deposits to'oat
and the Floyd A. Davis professor of neurology at Rush. â#oethis could potentially be one of the safest approaches to halt disease progression in Parkinsonâ##s patients. â#â#oecinnamon is metabolized in the liver to sodium benzoate
and colleagues of the Institute of Transformative Biomolecules (WPI-ITBM) of Nagoya University have finally found the missing piece in how birds sense light by identifying a deep brain photoreceptor in Japanese quails in
This study led by Professor Yoshimura has revealed that nerve cells existing deep inside the brains of quails called cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)- contacting neurons respond directly to light.
We have chosen quails as our targets as they show rapid and robust photoperiodic responses. They are in the same pheasant family as the roosters and exhibit similar characteristics.
It is also worth noting that Toyohashi near Nagoya is the number one producer of quails in Japan explains Professor Yoshimura.
The reproductive organs of quails remain small in size throughout the year and only develop during the short breeding season becoming more than 100 times its usual size in just two weeks.
In most mammals including humans eyes are the exclusive photoreceptor organs. Rhodopsin and rhodopsin family proteins in our eyes detect light
We had revealed already in previous studies reported in 2010 (PNAS) that a photoreceptive protein Opsin-5 exists in the quail's hypothalamus in the brain says Professor Yoshimura.
However similarity varied among preys in rabbits pigeons and gulls it was moderate; in squirrels and passerines it was lower
and in partridges it was low. Authors highlight that carbon and nitrogen analysis are essential in all cases
and Catalan populations--explains Jaime Resano Mayor--as high consumption of rabbits and partridges in Andalusia reduces trophic diversity.
Differences in prey consumption among territories could primarily be a consequence of variation in prey availability among territories
At a territory level productivity increases in those pairs with low trophic diversity (due to the high consumption of rabbit and partridge) and in those that show medium values of trophic diversity (moderate consumption of rabbit
partridge and pigeons. On the contrary pairs with high trophic diversity show less productivity. Authors point out that these results suggest that individual diet variation within populations is likely to have important ecological and evolutionary implications.
are detected for eagles conservation actions must be addressed towards the improvement of trophic resources (rabbits partridges pigeons etc.
The period following birth can be a challenging time for young lambs. They are docked usually tail without analgesia as a preventative measure to reduce the chances of flies laying eggs on dirty tails
when giving birth to their own first lambs than did had females who not had these early-life experiences.
Furthermore the lambs of those mothers who had experienced a mild infection in early life were less sensitive to pain during the first few days of their lives than were other lambs.
#Foodborne bacteria can cause disease in some breeds of chickens after allcontrary to popular belief the foodborne pathogen Campylobacter jejuni is not a harmless commensal in chickens
The main implication is that Campylobacter is not always harmless to chickens. This rather changes our view of the biology of this nasty little bug says Paul Wigley of Institute for Infection and Global Health at the University of Liverpool an author on the study.
and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimate it affects approximately 1 3 million people per year in the United states. Chicken is the most common source of infections.
Infection of chickens had previously not been considered to cause disease and the bacteria were thought to be part of the normal microbiota of the birds.
In the study Wigley and his colleagues experimentally infected birds from four commercial breeds of broiler chickens.
The most important finding says Wigley is that Campylobacter infection directly impacts broiler chicken health and welfare.
The United states produces over 8 billion broiler chickens per year and the United kingdom produces nearly a billion.
On the positive side we now know that chickens produce a robust immune response to infection
which stone tools reflect an agricultural transition from cutting meat to pounding grain. It's the first step towards all the trappings of civilization that we currently see said Kohler.
#Decoding characteristic food odorshow are we able to recognize foodstuffs like strawberries coffee barbecued meat or freshly boiled potatoes by smell alone?
what give all kinds of foodstuffs--from pineapple to wine to roast meat--their unmistakable aromas.
and wheat along with such livestock products as ruminant (animals like cattle goats and sheep that subsist on plant matter) pork and poultry.
and for 16 percent of water used in meat production in China. However those numbers skyrocket in Xinjiang Ningxia and Inner Mongolia where irrigation water is used predominantly for crop production (85 percent 69 percent and 49 percent respectively.
The addition of phantom aromas such as vanilla berry citrus bacon or even cheese can distract the brain from acknowledging a bitter to taste.
because charcoal can be used for much more than just grilling sausages on the barbecue. The manufacture of solar cells for one thing.
which was considered typical of the Mediterranean diet (vegetables fruit and nuts fish and cereal grains) as well as one point for low intakes of foods untypical of the Mediterranean diet (such as dairy and meat products).
Work is now being finalized on a much larger project around the Volcanoes National park in northern Rwanda made famousby the film Gorillas in the Mist where Mcguinness is assessing the impacts of mountain gorilla buffalo and golden monkey on the conservation of this park and the development
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