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and approximately 1 million deaths in the mid-19th century was triggered by a newly identified strain of potato blight that has been christened HERB-1 according to a new study.

which was attacked by an imported fungal disease called the chestnut blight. Leaves from swamp plants also appear in the mud confirming that the forested spot was on the upslope edge of a nearby wetland.

In the 1840s an outbreak of potato blight swept through Europe and wiped out the potato crop in many countries.

Potato blight's gene weaponry revealed: Nature Newsthe blight that caused the infamous Irish potato famine of the 1840s has yielded its genetic secrets.

Phytophthora infestans, the water mould that causes late blight in potatoes, consumes and rots the leaves and tubers of the plant.

Evolution of potato blight pathogen traced: Nature Newsresearchers have traced the key genetic changes that enabled the plant pathogen responsible for the 1845 Irish potato famine (Phytophthora infestans) to jump from wild plant hosts to cultivated potatoes.

The researchers identified the key genes by comparing the genetic make-up of the potato blight pathogen and several of its sister species. To do so,

they sequenced the genomes of four of the potato blight's sister species, including Phytophthera phaseoli,

The genetically conserved part of the genome could be the potato blight pathogen's Achilles heel, adds Kamoun.

Commenting on the potato blight paper, he says: They, like us, suggest that these regions are highly plastic

of which has potential for use in fighting devastating diseases such as the potato cyst nematode and the potato blight pathogen Phytophthora infestans, famous for causing The irish potato famine of the 1840s.

Phytophthora infestans, which causes potato late blight, is an oomycete a type of single-celled organism related to brown algae.

#Scientists Reveal The Cause Of The irish Potato Famineit's widely acknowledged that Phytophthora infestans a sort of funguslike pathogen also known as potato blight was responsible for the mid-19th-century potato famine that reduced Ireland's population through death and emigration by nearly 25 percent.

It was intriguing to see samples from American chestnut which isn't around anymore because of the chestnut blight said Elliott.

P. infestans caused massive and debilitating late-blight disease outbreaks in Europe leaving starvation and migration in its wake after ravaging Ireland in the mid-to-late 1840s.

Late blight is still a major threat to global food security in the developing world she adds. Knowing how the pathogen genome has changed over time will help modern-day farmers better manage the disease.

#Whodunnit of Irish potato famine solvedan international team of scientists reveals that a unique strain of potato blight they call HERB-1 triggered The irish potato famine of the mid-nineteenth century.

and the US reconstructed the spread of the potato blight pathogen from dried plants. Although these were 170 to 120 years old they were found to have many intact pieces of DNA.

If you thought genetically modified potatoes could avert late blight disease spare a million countrymen from starvation

#Tracking potato famine pathogen to its home may aid $6 billion global fightthe cause of potato late blight

Potato late blight continues to be a major threat to global food security and at least $6 billion a year is spent to combat it mostly due to the cost of fungicides and substantial yield losses.

Finding ways to genetically resist the potato late blight scientists say could help reduce the use of fungicides

But what the New world provided it also took away--in the form of a potato late blight attack that originated from Mexico caused multiple crop failures

and mildews potato late blight pathogens) and fits their defense mechanisms well. The presence of the pathogen in the cell activates specific proteins that cause death of both the plant cell and the invading pathogen.

BABA has long been known for its protective effects against devastating plant diseases such as potato blight but has so far not been used widely in crop protection because of undesirable side effects.

of the two sexual types A1 and A2 of the fungus Phytophthora infestans responsible for potato blight. The experts have been able to confirm that the crossing between the two types leads to variants that are more resistant to conventional fungicides

#Preventing Head blight in Barley, Wheat: Biochemical Pathways Hold Key to Resistancepale shriveled heads of grain spell trouble for wheat

and barley farmers--they're the telltale signs of fusarium head blight. The fungal disease commonly known as scab not only dramatically shrinks yields

From 1991 to 1996 head blight caused $2. 6 billion in losses to the U s. wheat crop.

Two decades later the U s. Department of agriculture still ranks head blight as the worst plant disease to hit the U s. since the rust epidemics in the 1950s.

and Barley Scab Initiative scientists admit that efforts to control this devastating disease have met with limited success. This is an extraordinary disease that requires extraordinary means to combat it says Yen who began working on head blight in 1997.

Using advanced genetic and molecular technologies Yen has begun tracing the biochemical pathways that make wheat susceptible or resistant to head blight.

Multiple hosts and pathogens Head blight can be caused by multiple pathogens and these pathogens can attack multiple hosts including grasses

and ethylene and then exposed it to head blight. The wheat resisted the fungi. Two of the three genes are involved directly in the chemical pathways Yen explains.

Fusarium head blight results from close interaction between the fungus and the host. We need to understand how this interaction is occurring

They say their synthesis could help efforts to control economically devastating pollinator-vectored plant pathogens such as fire blight

#Genetically modified spuds beat blightin a three-year GM research trial scientists boosted resistance of potatoes to late blight their most important disease without deploying fungicides.

In 2012 the third year of the trial the potatoes experienced ideal conditions for late blight.

but in most varieties late blight is able to elude them. Breeding from wild relatives is laborious and slow

and by the time a gene is introduced successfully into a cultivated variety the late blight pathogen may already have evolved the ability to overcome it said Professor Jonathan Jones from The Sainsbury Laboratory.

With new insights into both the pathogen and its potato host we can use GM technology to tip the evolutionary balance in favor of potatoes and against late blight.

and Maris Piper varieties that can completely thwart attacks from late blight. Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by Norwich Bioscience Institutes.

#Secrets of potato blight evolution could help farmers fight backresearchers at Oxford university and The Sainsbury Laboratory Norwich looked in unprecedented detail at how Phytophthora infestans a pathogen that continues to blight potatoes

tomatoes and related plants, causing a late blight disease that can destroy entire crops in days.

Dell, HP vie for spotlight again. This time, on environmental leadership. It being climate week

Potato blight and flu have much in commonin 1846 the first of my ancestors arrived in America.

In fact the crop failed due to a potato blight, whose genome scientists have decoded just now. Which turns out to have a lot in common with a disease stalking my family (and yours) today, the flu.

and the potato blight is capable of similar changes. Senior author Gene Nusbaum of Harvard described its ability to change as exquisite.

Fay Wray thought the same thing of King kong. Something else about the potato blight. It's ba-ack.

Here again the potato blight offers some clues. Nearly three-quarters of the blight's genome consists of junk DNA,