or saltpeter from Chilean mines and plowed in glistening granules of synthetic fertilizer made in chemical plants.
#Higher intake of fruits and vegetables may reduce the risk of bladder cancer in womenuniversity of Hawaii Cancer Center Researcher Song-Yi Park Phd
and vegetables may lower the risk of invasive bladder cancer in women. The investigation was conducted as part of the Multiethnic Cohort (MEC) Study established in 1993 to assess the relationships among dietary lifestyle genetic factors and cancer risk.
Park and her fellow researcher's analyzed data collected from 185885 older adults over a period of 12.5 years
After adjusting for variables related to cancer risk (age etc. the researchers found that women who consumed the most fruits
and vegetables had the lowest bladder cancer risk. For instance women consuming the most yellow-orange vegetables were 52%less likely to have bladder cancer than women consuming the least yellow-orange vegetables.
and E had the lowest risk of bladder cancer. No associations between fruit and vegetable intake and invasive bladder cancer were found in men.
and explain why the reduced cancer risk with higher consumption of fruits and vegetables was confined to only women.
However a growing concern is that these particles could pose a potential health risk to humans and the environment.
The growing trend to use other types of nanoparticles has revolutionized the food industry by enhancing flavors improving supplement delivery keeping food fresh longer
and former mining sites thanks to an inexpensive non-chemical soil additive. The additive a simple mixture of organic waste such as chicken manure and zeolite a porous volcanic rock could be used to support agriculture in both the developed and developing world
NASAS Landsat directs restoration to at-risk areaswhile the 138000-acre Silver Fire still smoldered forest restoration specialists were on the job.
They analyzed maps created using Landsat satellite data to determine where the burn destroyed vegetation and exposed soil--and where to focus emergency restoration efforts.
The map looked like a big red blob said Penny Luehring the U s. Forest Service's Burned Area Emergency Response
The Burned Area Emergency Response or BAER teams are designed to go in as soon as the flames die down to help protect reservoirs watersheds and infrastructure from post-fire floods and erosion.
The teams focus on areas at unacceptable risk she said which typically means that post-fire flooding would damage communities watersheds and infrastructure.
and pumped toilets at risk of flooding. It's all hinged on the burn severity map Luehring said.
Given these results the authors write continued surveillance of influenza viruses in birds remains essential.
The newly published research has shown that this fight for monopoly of the nest also extends to other honeyguides in a battle conducted deep underground in the nest burrows that bee-eaters dig into the roofs of Aardvark holes.
and are in danger of disappearing if not conserved and indeed promoted by agriculture. Significantly the same findings have also been discovered independently
and E coli bacteria have joined forces to turn tough waste plant material into isobutanol a biofuel that matches gasoline's properties better than ethanol.
which would certainly help to reduce the risk of cancer she noted. Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by University of Illinois College of Agricultural Consumer and Environmental sciences.
and are at tremendous risk from their smoking. Thus the findings hold promise to make an important real-world contribution to the health of these patients.
and thereby reducing their lung cancer risk. However MD Anderson cancer prevention experts Paul Cinciripini Ph d. director of the Tobacco Treatment Program and Alexander Prokhorov M d. Ph d. head of the Tobacco Outreach Education
The Air force Office of Scientific research the Welch Foundation the Packard Foundation and the Department of energy supported the research.
High risk times for the disease to spread include during transportation slaughter preparation and consumption.
and quarantining flocks using protective equipment such as masks gloves and sterile utensils when slaughtering and preparing carcases for consumption
Since 1980 an average of one new infectious disease emerges in humans every eight months--representing a substantial global threat to human health.
As well as representing a significant global health threat they also create a burden to public health systems and the global economy.
This strategy of opening holes in the cell membrane is employed by a great number of host-defense antimicrobial peptides many
#Extreme weather events fuel climate changein 2003 Central and Southern Europe sweltered in a heatwave that set alarm bells ringing for researchers.
In the study the scientists compared the recent aircraft data with aircraft data gathered from 1958 to 1961 using U s. Air force weather reconnaissance flights.
#Healthy diet, moderate alcohol linked with decreased risk of kidney disease in patient with diabeteseating a healthy diet
and drinking a moderate amount of alcohol may be associated with decreased risk or progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus according to a report published by JAMA Internal medicine a JAMA Network publication.
Compared with patients in the least healthy scoring group on an index that assessed diet quality patients in the healthiest group had a lower risk of CKD (adjusted odds ratio OR 0. 74) and lower risk of mortality
Patients who ate more than three servings of fruits per week had a lower risk of CKD compared with patients who ate fruit less frequently.
Patients in the lowest group of total and animal protein intake had increased an risk of CKD compared with patients in the highest group.
while moderate alcohol intake reduced the risk of CKD (OR 0. 75) and mortality (OR 0. 69).
Methane the main component of natural gas is released from leaking pipelines coal mines oil wells cattle rice paddies and landfills.
Malaria risk in arid regions often rises when irrigation is introduced due to increased amounts of standing water that serve as mosquito breeding sites.
Globally the number of people at risk of contracting malaria due to proximity to irrigation canals and related infrastructure has been estimated at 800 million which represents about 12 percent of the global malaria burden.
The new study demonstrates that this transition phase from high risk to low disease prevalence can last more than a decade.
and characterized by an enhanced environmental malaria risk despite intensive mosquito control efforts said Pascual the Rosemary Grant Collegiate Professor of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology at U-M and a Howard
They showed that elevated disease risk --despite heavy use of insecticides--is concentrated in the areas adjacent to the main irrigation canal that have experienced the most pronounced change in irrigation levels in the last decade.
and are more risk-averse Austin-Breneman says. But if they believe your product can be serviced
or adolescence who might be increased at risk for developing health problems later on Jackson says. Other studies have linked eating school lunch with obesity
The University of Michigan study adds a new element in the fight to reduce childhood obesity by providing a real-world view of the gender differences in obesity risk factors.
and other invasive weeds as a potential threat to landholder involvement in environmental offset programs such as the Carbon Farming Initiative.
We examined the spatial and financial extent of the threat of gamba grass and found that 75%of the area across northern Australia suitable for savanna burning is also highly suitable for gamba grass.
#Nanodrug targeting breast cancer cells from the inside adds weapon: Immune system attacka unique nanoscale drug that can carry a variety of weapons
and sneak into cancer cells to break them down from the inside has a new component:
Bioconjugates are drugs that contain chemical modules attached (conjugated) to a delivery vehicle by strong chemical bonds.
and previous animal studies have found the nanodrug to be a safe and efficient delivery platform.
and Aqua two of NASA's flagship Earth-observing satellites have scanned the surface of our planet for fires.
These changes are likely to come in a number of different forms including longer fire seasons larger areas at risk of wildfire
or no defense against it Liebhold said. We can take heart that native woodpecker species are clearly figuring out that EAB is edible
She and her team in the field observed that the zebras began their migration at the onset of the rains so she joined forces with Beck to see how extensive the environment's influence is on the timing of the zebras'journey.
or had close contact with live poultry 7-10 days before illness onset. Currently no definite evidence indicates sustained human-to-human transmission of the H7n9 virus. The study reports a family cluster of two patients (father and daughter) with H7n9 virus infection in Eastern China in March 2013.
the threat posed by H7n9 has passed by no means. Dr Zhou says that the reason for carrying out this study was
The new study by a trio of scientists affiliated with the University of California Davis has significant implications for how government agencies develop policies to successfully manage pests that pose a threat to California's $43. 5 billion agricultural industry.
Both adult and larval fruit flies pose a threat with the larvae (maggots) actually burrowing into
and enable farmers to purchase crop insurance that would provide protection against losses due to fruit-fly crop damage
On a larger scale it could lead to new types of blast-shielding material for use in combat or by public-safety personnel or equipment.
If acoustic waves--such as the intense shock waves from an explosion--hit the two-dimensional material at a right angle much of their energy can be converted to surface waves that travel sideways out of the material.
A sandwich of many layers of such material might provide substantial protection from a blast in a lightweight wearable form though such applications will likely require substantial further research Fang says.
The work was supported by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency and the National Science Foundation. Story Source:
Scientists discover key to easing aquacultures reliance on wild-caught fishfor the first time scientists have been able to develop a completely vegetarian diet that works for marine fish raised in aquaculture the key to making aquaculture a sustainable industry as the world's need for protein increases.
and Allen Place at the University of Maryland Center for Environmental science's Institute for Marine and Environmental Technology are published in the August issue of the journal Lipids.
and Allen Place of the University of Maryland Center for Environmental science's Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology and Frederic Barrows of the U s. Department of agriculture's Agricultural research service is published in the August issue of Lipids.
As little as three to five servings of broccoli a week provides a cancer-protective benefit but that isn't true for bags of broccoli that you pluck out of your grocery's freezer she noted.
and sell a product that has the cancer-fighting component that it lacked before he said.
#Ozone-protection treaty had climate benefits, too, study saysthe global treaty that headed off destruction of earth's protective ozone layer has prevented also major disruption of global rainfall patterns according to a new study in the Journal of Climate.
The 1987 Montreal Protocol phased out the use of chloroflourocarbons or CFCS a class of chemicals that destroy ozone in the stratosphere allowing more ultraviolet radiation to reach earth's surface.
but its expiration at the end of 2012 has led some countries to seek climate protections from the Montreal Protocol.
unless the hunt is to eliminate a lion in defense of life or livestock. Still lion hunting regularly occurs in both countries usually without the hunters'following the law.
and the prowess of the warriors who hunt that cultural tradition can be less of a motivation to hunt than political discontent.
In the beginning the elders kept the warriors from hunting lions the researchers found. But after Maasai representation in ranch governance was diminished the Maasai felt disenfranchised.
to reaffirm the protective role of young warriors to help select brave leaders among warrior groups to allow individual warriors to gain prestige to eliminate lions that prey on livestock
#Disappearance of coral reefs, drastically altered marine food web on the horizonif history's closest analog is any indication the look of the oceans will change drastically in the future as the coming greenhouse world alters marine food webs
Diffenbaugh said that the range of climate projections offered in the report can inform decision-makers about the risks that different levels of climate change pose for ecosystems.
However there are opportunities to decrease those risks while also ensuring access to the benefits of energy consumption.
or in quantities greater than 60 grams per person per day increases the risk of cavities.
but the added sugar can be a risk to dental health Wu said. Our study results show that only milk was able to reduce acidity of dental plaque resulting from consuming sugary Froot Loops said Naval who is currently a fellow at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta.
and overcome the previously lowered plaque ph. Milk with a ph ranging from 6. 4 to 6. 7 is considered to be a functional food that fights cavities
Julia Calderã n-DÃ az a Phd candidate at University of College Dublin said pregnant sows placed on cushioned flooring would have a lower risk of being compared lame with sows placed on concrete.
Sows housed on rubber mats had reduced a risk of swelling and wounds on the limbs.
However the rubber mats increased the risk of sole and heel lesions. Calderã n-DÃ az said these lesions were caused possibly by slurry accumulation over the rubber mats.
Their faces are broad shields the eyes reduced to tiny points at the edges and the fierce jaws bristling with sharp teeth.
We have assumed always that stress at this age is the main environmental insult that contributes to developing these conditions in at-risk individuals
and health that they could be considered in legal disputes--as is white pine nut availability now--about
In addition to eliminating wolf-livestock conflicts retiring livestock allotments in the grizzly bear recovery zone adjacent to Yellowstone could benefit bears through increases in plant foods.
when the number and force of head hits incurred over the course of a season were measured.
and games over the course of a single season the researchers employed sensors in the helmets of 50 players on three teams in two different leagues.
The sensors were installed on an elastic base inside the helmet so that they remained in contact with the head throughout the duration of head impact allowing for measurement of head acceleration rather than that of the helmet.
Data from the sensors were transmitted wirelessly to a computer on the sideline and processed to measure both the linear and rotational head acceleration caused by each impact.
and equipment design especially in developing youth-specific helmets to better reduce accelerations from head impacts Rowson said.
and mines with patches of natural forest said Loken. The transformation of the landscape could be forcing orangutans to change their habitat and their behaviour.
but protecting Wehea Forest and Borneo's remaining forests is vital to the long term survival of the orangutans concluded Loken.
Fortunately 60%of Wehea Forest falls under Indonesia's logging moratorium which helps give legal protection to a large part of the forest for a few more years.
and mines with patches of natural forest said Loken. The transformation of the landscape could be forcing orangutans to change their habitat and their behaviour.
but protecting Wehea Forest and Borneo's remaining forests is vital to the long term survival of the orangutans concluded Loken.
Fortunately 60%of Wehea Forest falls under Indonesia's logging moratorium which helps give legal protection to a large part of the forest for a few more years.
Using biological pesticides that rapidly degrade in the environment would reduce the risks of pollution.
Lastly unlike the molecules in chemical plant-protection products viruses are able to mutate which limits the development of resistance in their host.
#Young cannabis-smokers aware of the health risks91 percent of on average 20-year-old Swiss men drink alcohol almost half of whom drink six beverages or more in a row and are thus at-risk consumers
whom are at-risk consumers--they smoke at least once a day. 36 percent of young adults smoke cannabis
whereby over half are at-risk consumers using the drug at least twice a week. Researchers from the University of Zurich's Institute of Social and Preventive medicine investigated
and understand the risks of their consumption by conducting a survey of 12000 men under a national cohort study as they were recruited for national service.
Moreover at-risk consumers of alcohol or tobacco seek information two and a half times more frequently than abstainers.
and especially the at-risk consumers rate their knowledge of the health consequences of alcohol tobacco
Men from the Suisse romande (French-speaking Switzerland) and high school graduates rate their knowledge of the health risks of excessive consumption as slightly better than German-speaking Swiss and men with a lower level of education.
Information as prevention comes up shortprevention campaigns that are designed to open young people's eyes to the risks of addictive substances
As with other amphibians agrochemicals potentially pose a threat to chorus frogs as exposure to pesticides can decrease their immune system thereby increasing the risk of disease.
while at the same time offering a significant cost benefit to the grower through the savings that they will make in the reduced costs of fertilisers.
Many marine fish species spend their larval stage near the ocean's surface#n environment completely different than the one they are in as adults.
or photographed color patterns in adult marine fishes for centuries but color patterns in marine fish larvae have largely been neglected said Baldwin.
Yet the larval stages of many marine fishes have subtle to striking ephemeral color patterns that can potentially tell us a lot about a species'place on the taxonomic family tree.
Color information on many more marine fish larvae is needed to fully use this new suite of evolutionary information
The North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis) is one of the most endangered marine mammal species in the world
Cornell hospital clinicians worked to prepare for intravenous medication delivery. In the first such procedure ever done to treat a sick pig surgeon Jim Flanders who had performed similar procedures in smaller animals joined large-animal surgeon Susan Fubini to surgically implant a vascular access port.
#Dangers to biological diversity from proliferation of global cashmere garment industrya new study by the Wildlife Conservation Society and Snow leopard Trust reveals a disturbing link between the cashmere trade and the decay
Ecological effects of the growth in goat herds include increasing conflicts with pastoralists predation by dogs on wildlife retaliatory killing of snow leopards and displacement of wildlife away from critical food habitats.
and put themselves at risk of injury. Manore is professor of nutrition in the College of Public health
The research has been supported by the CSIRO Wealth from Oceans National Research Flagship The Australian Climate Change Science Program and the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Climate System Science.
and the mining and logging camps said WCS Conservationist Fiona Maisels a co-author on the study.
A top priority the researchers assert should be the protection of megafauna such as forest elephants
The people the forests and the wildlife need an emergency effort to bring illegal and unsustainable hunting under control.
This dramatic decline in grassland butterflies should ring alarm bells--in general Europe's grassland habitats are shrinking.
It also shows the potential danger if humans decide to build dams in that area for hydroelectric generation.
A pioneering study of African savannas by the University of Edinburgh has revealed deforestation in south-central Africa driven by rising populations in the aftermath of war and increasing demand for trees for agriculture and fuel.
#Health risks from arsenic in rice exposedhigh levels of arsenic in rice have been shown to be associated with elevated genetic damage in humans a new study has found.
which are more consistent and protective of human health. Dr Ashok K Giri who led the Indian research team added:
Although high arsenic in rice is a potential threat to human health there should not be any panic about the consequences particularly as the health risks arise from long-term chronic exposure.
so we can easily address future human health risks with proper mitigation strategies Results of this study will not only help to understand the toxic effects caused by this human carcinogen
The Singapore National Research Foundation the Office of Naval Research the Lockheed martin LANCER IV program and the Air force Office of Scientific research supported the work.
The metric called Risk Weighted Cumulative Exposure (RWE) can capture players'exposure to the risk of concussion over the course of a football season by measuring the frequency
and practices the researchers used RWE to measure the cumulative risk of injury due to linear and rotational acceleration separately as well as the combined probability of injury associated with both.
but there hasn't been a good way to measure the associated risk of concussion.
With such a large number of players in the sport it is critical to understand the risk associated with different levels of impact
In the Wake Forest Baptist study the researchers measured the head impact exposure in 40 high school football players by using sensors placed in their helmets to record linear and rotational acceleration.
Impacts were weighted according to the associated risk from linear acceleration and rotational acceleration alone as well as to the combined probability of injury associated with both.
and the associated risk of injury Stitzel said. All hits involve both linear and rotational acceleration
which shows the wide variability in the force of impacts. The study found that impact frequency was greater during games (15.5) than during practices (9. 4)
The research team hopes that this work may ultimately improve helmet safety and design to make football a safer sport.
and an even larger arsenal of weaponry to harm and kill plants. In a study published in the journal Nature Communications North carolina State university plant pathologist Jean Ristaino
Late blight is still a major threat to global food security in the developing world she adds. Knowing how the pathogen genome has changed over time will help modern-day farmers better manage the disease.
#Bees under threat from disease-carrying bumblebee imports, research revealsstricter controls over bumblebee imports to the UK are required urgently to prevent diseases spreading to native bumblebees
#oeif we don t act then the risk is that potentially tens of thousands of parasite-carrying bumblebee colonies may be imported into the UK each year and hundreds of thousands worldwide.
which tend also to be plant defense chemicals Olsen says but it is weed basically a.
The new species A. chamrani has its name in honour of Dr. Mostafa Chamran (1932-1981) an Iranian scientist and defence minister.
Perhaps most notably analysis of the bones of Roman Gladiators indicate they may have been vegetarians.
Vegetarian women in particular are increased at risk for non-anemic iron deficiency which may limit endurance performance.
#Maize trade disruption could have global ramificationsnew research on the global maize (corn) trade suggests that any disruptions to U s. exports could pose food security risks for many U s. trade partners due to the lack of trade among other producing
The centrality of maize means that it would become a critical food security risk if major exporters experience disruptions due to non-food diversions plant diseases and climate impacts according to the article.
and the article was published recently electronically in the journal Risk Analysis published by the Society for Risk Analysis. The researchers based their work on United nations Commodity Trade data
and cannot predict what risks will actually be or if they might lead to disruptions.
Risk Analysis: An International Journal is published by the nonprofit Society for Risk Analysis (SRA. Story Source:
The above story is provided based on materials by Society for Risk Analysis (SRA. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.
Journal Reference e
#A lost frog in the lost world? Ecotourism and Conservation--Can it work? In the context of a study in the forests of Central Guyana a team of scientists from the Senckenberg Research Institute in Dresden investigated this very question
what even today is still a virtually forgotten and neglected area of##ur planet the Guiana Shield in the north of South america.
The region accounts for more than 25 percent of the world's tropical rain forests and is one of the four remaining extensive pristine forested areas left in the world (Amazon Congo Papua new guinea and Guiana Shield.
The results will lead in the medium term to a sustainable development plan for the area with Atelopus receiving the role here of a so-called flagship species i e. a species which stands as representative for the protection of the entire area.
which they could not assign to any known species. As it turned out it was indeed a hitherto undescribed species of poison dart frog
The Guiana Shield: Worthy of protectionnot least because of the high number of endemic species the region is one of the most important centres of biodiversity in the tropics of the New world.
Even though the forests of the Guiana Shield have had among the lowest deforestation rates of the world with very little change over the past decades rapid economic and social changes are posing increasing pressures on these relatively wellconservedforest ecosystems.
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