Synopsis: 9. security & defence:


ScienceDaily_2014 00189.txt

In 1992 Talalay's research group discovered that sulforaphane has some ability to bolster the body's natural defenses against oxidative stress inflammation and DNA damage.


ScienceDaily_2014 00233.txt

-Bed bug 911--Bed bug Bully--Bed bug Fix--Bed bug Patrol--Ecoexempt IC2--Ecoraider--Eradicator--Essentria--Rest Assured--Green Rest Easy--Stop Bugging Mewhen

and 2%sodium lauryl sulfate) and Bed bug Patrol (0. 003%clove oil 1%peppermint oil and 1. 3%sodium lauryl sulfate)--killed more than 90 percent of them.

and Bed bug Patrol and how they can be incorporated into a bed bug management program. Curiously some of the active ingredients in Ecoraider and Bed bug Patrol are also found in some of the other tested products that exhibited very low rates of efficacy an indication that the products'inactive ingredients are also important.

Other factors besides the active ingredients must have accounted for the high efficacy of some essential oil-based pesticides the authors wrote.


ScienceDaily_2014 00352.txt

because it is perceived as a hot potato issue where politicians do not want to risk voters'discontent says Erik Brockwell.


ScienceDaily_2014 00440.txt

#Mangroves protecting corals from climate changecertain types of corals invertebrates of the sea that have been On earth for millions of years appear to have found a way to survive some of their most destructive threats by attaching to and growing under mangrove roots.

Scientists with the U s. Geological Survey and Eckerd College recently published research on a newly discovered refuge for reef-building corals in mangrove habitats of the U s. Virgin islands.

and face many threats such as coastal pollution dredging and disease. However some of their most widespread threats involve warming ocean temperatures solar radiation and increased ocean acidification.

It is from these threats that corals are finding refuge under the red mangroves of Hurricane Hole.

Red mangroves subtropical or tropical trees that colonize coastlines and brackish water habitats have networks of prop roots that extend down toward the seafloor


ScienceDaily_2014 00499.txt

#Tobacco use associated with increased risk of oral HPV-16 infectionstudy participants who reported tobacco use


ScienceDaily_2014 00548.txt

The team found a significant protective effect of the probiotic against mercury and arsenic in the pregnant women.

The researchers were excited by the potential of basic foodstuffs to provide preventative protection for pregnant women worldwide.


ScienceDaily_2014 00554.txt

The UFZ scientists'results are also interesting for practical aspects in climate protection policy. On the one hand it makes sense to require a minimum size of at least around 10000 hectares for forest island areas


ScienceDaily_2014 00592.txt

U s. Purdue researchers have identified a set of genes that can be used to naturally boost the Provitamin a content of corn kernels a finding that could help combat Vitamin a deficiency in developing countries and macular degeneration in the elderly.


ScienceDaily_2014 00597.txt

But the country's economic boom has led simultaneously to a growth in CO2-emitting activities such as mining metal smelting


ScienceDaily_2014 00625.txt

Pathogenic fungi are a major threat to our food security--they can devastate crops and cost billions of pounds worth of damage.

In fact losses of wheat rice and maize to fungal pathogens per year are the same as the annual spend by US Department of Homeland Security--some 60 billion US dollars.

and overcomes the plant defence. In order to efficiently protect crops we must better understand molecular mechanisms like these that occur in the very earliest stages of infection.


ScienceDaily_2014 00634.txt

and its implementation could lead to cost savings and to lower environmental impact since this fertilizing system represents an alternative to the mineral fertilizers used so far.

Thus its application in agriculture horticulture forestry plants ornamental plants or any other plant with commercial interest would represent a significant environmental and economic saving.


ScienceDaily_2014 00740.txt

#Herbivores play important role in protecting habitats from invasive speciesherbivores (species that eat plants; e g. caterpillars) consume more nonnative (introduced from other places) oak leaf material in areas with diverse native plant communities than in less diverse communities.

As the introduction of nonnative species increases protection of intact plant communities and their associated herbivores may become critical to guarding against the nonnative species invaders.


ScienceDaily_2014 00760.txt

Exposure to this mixture was associated with an increased risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in studies in humans.


ScienceDaily_2014 00771.txt

Although the amount of force applied to the button did not matter--simply pressing it was pushed adequate--children harder


ScienceDaily_2014 00790.txt

The study published in Journal of Cereal Science by MTTÂ's senior research scientist Juha-Matti Pihlava shows that the diversity of chemical defense compounds typical to barley namely hordatines


ScienceDaily_2014 00828.txt

Up until now scientists have sought to quantify the risk of climate change to different species by mapping where those species occur today based on climate


ScienceDaily_2014 01003.txt

Results from this study will help consumers to discriminate between apple varieties that can aid in the fight against obesity.


ScienceDaily_2014 01022.txt

Most of these bacteria are symbiotic drawing from and providing for the plant in ways such as nitrogen-fixing and leaf-protection.

The hypothesis behind this research is that the best way to defend against pathogenic contamination is with a healthy microbiome colonized by bacteria provide protection from invasive pathogens.

and were able to isolate a unique strain of Bacillus pumilus that provides the bean with enhanced microbial protection.


ScienceDaily_2014 01030.txt

or how dangerous they are to fight. While the findings may exonerate the insect scapegoats they should also help ecosystem managers better respond to changes in the face of climate-driven disturbances like drought and warmer temperatures.

and some have grown concerned about how beetle attacks and wildfires may interact. The conventional wisdom is that a forest of dead trees is a tinder box just waiting to burn up says Turner who has studied long the forest landscape of the Mountain West.

Do the two disturbances beetle attacks and wildfire together change the ecological response of the forest to fire?


ScienceDaily_2014 01050.txt

Such impacts prompted California Gov. Jerry brown to declare a drought emergency and the federal government to designate all 58 California counties as natural disaster areas.


ScienceDaily_2014 01151.txt

and has exciting potential for the car space and defense industries. Current powder metallurgy or liquid processing methods fail to achieve uniform processing says research leader Junfeng Guo who is from the A*STAR Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology.


ScienceDaily_2014 01166.txt

With regard to the cow's well-being and the financial impact caused by the disease warning signals should be intercepted as early


ScienceDaily_2014 01219.txt

and physical warfare on this grass using all the latest humanmade weapons Silliman said. We've used helicopters to spray it with herbicides


ScienceDaily_2014 01236.txt

#Water research tackles growing grassland threat: Treestwo Kansas State university biologists are studying streams to prevent tallgrass prairies from turning into shrublands and forests.


ScienceDaily_2014 01245.txt

Plants use defenses against pests, but they dont always worksugars are usually known as energy storage units in plants

Grasses and crops such as maize attach sugars to chemical defenses called benzoxazinoids to protect themselves from being poisoned by their own protective agents.

However many insects have become adapted to plant defenses and can feed on plant tissues containing toxins or deterrents without the expected negative effects.

Insects overcome plant defenses by the rapid excretion sequestration or detoxification of toxic substances Not only have contributed such adaptations to the vast diversification of insects in the course of evolution they also support the success of agricultural pests specialized on certain crop plants that jeopardize crop yields every year.

The increasing resistance of pest insects to Bt is another reason to look deeper into the natural insect adaptations against plant defenses.


ScienceDaily_2014 01283.txt

and raised by their parents at the U s. Geological Survey's Patuxent Wildlife Research center in Laurel Maryland were released on the U s. Fish and Wildlife Service's Necedah National Wildlife Refuge in Wisconsin.

These chicks will join a flock of about 95 cranes that inhabit wetlands on the refuge and elsewhere in central Wisconsin during the spring and summer.

Our refuge has a long history of helping with the successful reintroduction of endangered or threatened bird species to the area said Doug Staller Necedah National Wildlife Refuge manager.

Necedah is the summer home for the bulk of the Eastern Migratory Flock of whooping cranes some

The parent-reared chicks arrived at Necedah NWR Saturday where they were housed in separate predator resistant enclosures to provide them a safe place for chicks to roost


ScienceDaily_2014 01292.txt

and mixed conifer forest from Teller County west of Colorado springs through Larimer County west and north of Fort Collins reconstructed the timing

since 2000--including the 2002 Hayman Fire southwest of Denver the 2010 Fourmile Canyon Fire west of Boulder and the 2012 High Park Fire west of Fort Collins--with historic


ScienceDaily_2014 01339.txt

This uses an innovative delivery method called entomovectoring. The biological control agent contains spores of a parasitic fungus that prevents another fungus that causes the brown rot from colonising the flower.


ScienceDaily_2014 01440.txt

and prevent food insecurity some studies have found that SNAP participation is linked also to increased likelihood of weight gain and obesity.

but also particularly in the subgroups we've identified as being particularly at risk said Dr. Nguyen.


ScienceDaily_2014 01469.txt

however to quantify the specific risks of infection and identify risk factors to help guide prevention strategies.

A majority of mothers had a history of CMV infection prior to delivery (CMV sero-prevalence of 76.2 percent.

Previously the risk of CMV infection from blood transfusion of seronegative or leukoreduced transfusions was estimated to be 1 to 3 percent.

Therefore we believe that this is the safest approach to reduce the risk of CMV infection when giving transfusions to VLBW infants.

The American Academy of Pediatrics currently states that the value of routinely feeding breast milk from CMV seropositive mothers to preterm infants outweighs the risks of clinical disease from CMV.

Alternative approaches to prevent breast milk transmission of CMV say the authors could include routine CMV-serologic testing of pregnant mothers to enable counseling regarding the risk of infection;

closer surveillance of infants with CMV-positive mothers; and pasteurization of breast milk until a corrected gestational age of 34 weeks (as recommended by the Austrian Society of Pediatrics.


ScienceDaily_2014 01471.txt

#Healthy lifestyle choices may dramatically reduce risk of heart attack in menfollowing a healthy lifestyle including maintaining a healthy weight

Men in the study with the lowest risk were walked nonsmokers or cycled for at least 40 minutes per day exercised at least one hour per week had a waist circumference below 95 centimeters consumed moderate amounts of alcohol

The researchers found a clear reduction in risk for heart attack for each individual lifestyle factor the participants practiced.

For instance having a low-risk diet together with a moderate alcohol consumption led to an estimated 35 percent lower risk of heart attack compared to the high-risk group those who practice none of the low-risk factors.

and having a low amount of abdominal fat had 86 percent lower risk. Researchers found similar results in men with hypertension and high cholesterol levels.

What is surprising is how drastically the risk dropped due to these factors. According to the authors less than 2 percent of the American population conforms to

and promoting low-risk lifestyle choices. Even in those who take medication an additional reduction in risk for chronic heart disease has been observed in those with a healthy lifestyle.

It is important to note that these lifestyle behaviors are modifiable and changing from high-risk to low-risk behaviors can have great impact on cardiovascular health Akesson said.

However the best thing one can do is to adopt healthy lifestyle choices early in Life story Source:


ScienceDaily_2014 01474.txt

Liver failure patients and their doctors have long been frustrated by the critical need to provide the kind of lifesaving care kidney patients are afforded by dialysis.

This important investigation we are undertaking at Cedars-Sinai is a critical step in addressing the medical emergency presented by liver failure said Andrew S. Klein MD MBA director of the Comprehensive Transplant Center and the Esther


ScienceDaily_2014 01492.txt

#Mown grass smell sends SOS for help in resisting insect attacksthe smell of cut grass in recent years has been identified as the plantâ##s way of signalling distress

but new research says the aroma also summons beneficial insects to the rescue. â#oewhen there is need for protection the plant signals the environment via the emission of volatile organic compounds which are recognized as a feeding queue for parasitic wasps to come to the plant that is being eaten

which involves activation of defenses against insects on the plant. Then this molecule since it is a volatile attracts parasitic wasps.

but also they have indirect defense capability because they send an SOS-type signal that results in attraction of parasitic wasps. â#Kolomiets tested the phenomena both in the lab

and in the field. â#oewe did not have to do any artificial infestation because we had plenty of insectsâ#he said. â#oewe have discovered that even under the field conditions


ScienceDaily_2014 01502.txt

and partial support from the U s. Defense Threat Reduction Agency. Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by University of Illinois at Chicago.


ScienceDaily_2014 01535.txt

and to enhance energy security. Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by Universidad Politã cnica de Madrid.


ScienceDaily_2014 01593.txt

or domestic aid for six months partly due to the risks posed by armed groups. Food prices reached record levels in several markets including wheat in Ethiopia maize in Kenya

whether it increases the risk of an event. It finds that the Russian heat wave and the East African drought were more likely because of climate change

While direct measures such as emergency preparedness and the strengthening of response-related institutions is helpful this study has identified the need for a wider cultural shift to ensure the poorest and most vulnerable are protected properly.


ScienceDaily_2014 01610.txt

During this time infected animals shed the bacteria putting the health of the entire herd at risk.


ScienceDaily_2014 01645.txt

what a synchronizing force it is especially across marine and terrestrial systems said Black. Researchers have used tree rings to reconstruct climate patterns such as ENSO before


ScienceDaily_2014 01654.txt

Spring the onset of the growing season is studied well but fall --which is more complex and dependent on geography--is more difficult for scientists to characterize Schwartz said.


ScienceDaily_2014 01686.txt

#Tropical rabbitfish a threat to Mediterranean sea ecosystemsthe tropical rabbitfish which have devastated algal forests in the eastern Mediterranean sea pose a major threat to the entire Mediterranean basin

and shelter to hundreds of species and fulfil a role similar to trees in terrestrial forests.


ScienceDaily_2014 01713.txt

#Domestic violence issue possible red zone fumble for NFLTWICE as many women as compared to men are of the strong opinion that Ray Rice former Baltimore ravens running back should never play in the NFL again according to a new survey

In an attempt to understand the gravity player-inflicted violence issues pose to the league Sweeney

and on the potential financial threats it poses to the league and its corporate sponsors.

The majority of fans surveyed strongly agreed that the NFL has a domestic violence problem

and grow its female fan base they should strongly consider its perspective on the league's domestic violence problem she said.

The female consumer base is both a dynamic and economic force on the NFL in today's market

in addition to pink this October in support of domestic violence awareness she said. Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by University of North Florida.


ScienceDaily_2014 01789.txt

but a new study makes clear that a key service of the marsh--coastal protection--remains diminished.

Prevention and real restorationamong the many services that saltmarshes provide coastal protection is of particular importance as sea levels rise due to climate change Bertness said.


ScienceDaily_2014 01790.txt

The risk here is that the newly discovered benefits will not be exploited. Meanwhile the accelerated growth and aging of trees is also significant for the forest ecosystem as a whole as Pretzsch explains:

and climate risks concludes Pretzsch. Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by Technische Universitaet Muenchen.


ScienceDaily_2014 01835.txt

The new work by Rice chemist James Tour and his colleagues could keep glass surfaces from windshields to skyscrapers free of ice

and polyurethane paint to melt ice on sensitive military radar domes which need to be kept clear of ice to keep them at peak performance.

They were coated subsequently with a thin layer of polyurethane for protection. Samples were spread onto glass slides that were iced then.

The Lockheed martin Aerospace Co. through the LANCER IV Program the Office of Naval Research's Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative and the Air force Office of Scientific research supported the research.


ScienceDaily_2014 01840.txt

#Impact that doomed the dinosaurs helped the forests bloomsome 66 million years ago a 10-km diameter chunk of rock hit the Yukatan peninsula near the site of the small town of Chicxulub with the force of 100 teratons

of TNT. It left a crater more than 150 km across and the resulting megatsunami wildfires global earthquakes and volcanism are accepted widely to have wiped out the dinosaurs


ScienceDaily_2014 01856.txt

And their studies suggest that these methods could be as efficient in protecting crops as using chemical based pesticides.

Commonly farmers use plant protection products like insecticides or plant growing regulators to protect their crops against pests and diseases.

But used in a wrong way pesticides can pose a risk to humans and the surrounding environment.


ScienceDaily_2014 01883.txt

Small serving beneficial, large not necessarya daily small serve of dairy food may reduce the risk of heart disease or stroke even in communities where such foods have not traditionally formed part of the diet.

and in particular raise the risk of cancer. The study showed such fears to be unfounded. We observed that increased dairy consumption meant lower risks of mortality from cardiovascular disease especially stroke

but found no significant association with the risk of cancer Professor Wahlqvist said. Milk and other dairy foods are recognised as providing a broad spectrum of nutrients essential for human health.

According to the study findings people only need to eat small amounts to gain the benefits.

The study which was published in the Journal of the American College of Nutrition also involved researchers from the National Health Research Institutes and National Defence Medical Centre in Taiwan.


ScienceDaily_2014 01895.txt

and can reduce risk of metabolic diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. Curious about these impacts researchers from CHU de Quã bec Research center and Laval University studied the dairy-eating habits of healthy French-canadians

and specific metabolic risk factors including anthropometric status plasma glucose plasma lipid profile inflammatory markers and blood pressure in a healthy population.


ScienceDaily_2014 01912.txt

#Consumption of high-fat dairy products associated with lower risk of developing diabetesnew research presented at this year's annual meeting of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) in Vienna Austria shows that people with the highest

or more portions per day) have a 23%lower risk of developing type 2 diabetes than those with the lowest consumption (1 or less per day).

Indeed high intakes of red meat and meat products have been shown to increase the risk of T2d.

Nevertheless several epidemiological studies have indicated that a high intake of dairy products may be protective. Subsequently the importance of dietary fat content and food sources of fat remains to be clarified.

In this new study the authors aimed to examine intakes of main dietary fat sources classified according to fat content and their association with risk of developing T2d.

%)was associated with a 15%reduction in risk of developing type 2 diabetes. High-fat fermented milk*consumption also reduced the risk of developing diabetes by 20

%when comparing the highest consumers (180ml/day the top 10%of consumers) with the non-consumers (60%of participants).

In contrast to these findings there was no association found between intakes of low-fat dairy products and risk of developing type 2 diabetes.

High intakes of meat and meat products were regardless of fat content associated with increased risk

but the increased risk was higher for lower fat meats (increased risk of type 2 diabetes for high fat meats 9%for low fat 24%)both referring to the risk

The decreased risk at high intakes of high-fat dairy products but not of low-fat dairy products indicate that dairy fat at least partly explains observed protective associations between dairy intake and T2d.

Meat intake was associated with increased risk of developing diabetes regardless of fat content. She adds:


ScienceDaily_2014 01921.txt

Bacteria in tropical forests may also play a vital role protecting leaves against pathogens and even affecting the ability of forests to respond to climate change.


ScienceDaily_2014 01941.txt

#Mystery of cereal grain defense explainedcrop scientists at Washington state University have explained how genes in the barley plant turn on defenses against aging and stressors like drought heat and disease.

and become more tolerant of stress including attack by common diseases like mildew and spot blotch.

and JIP60-like play a major role in the protective actions triggered by a key plant defense hormone called jasmonate or JA.

Like a watchful sentry JA takes action at the first sign of plant distress producing proteins that prepare the plant to combat excess heat lack of water or attack by disease organisms.


ScienceDaily_2014 01942.txt

-and pest-resistance traits of other grasses using a legion of genetic tools that can reduce crop losses


ScienceDaily_2014 01976.txt

and conservation policies represent a constant struggle to balance the residents'need to eke out a living with the pandas'full reliance on a specific lifestyle that centers on vast access to bamboo.

and also can pose a threat to the people who walk through the woods. At the framework's core is an understanding of how conservation efforts

and migration can loom large in many flagship nature reserves as do issues of how policy is executed


ScienceDaily_2014 01980.txt

and penetrated the glacial till and bedrock with incredible force. This created the Vuoksi River


ScienceDaily_2014 02002.txt

Put enough nanotubes into such a solution and they're caught between the repellant forces

It produces unconventional forces in the solution. Feeding this dense nanotube gel through a narrow needle-like opening produced continuous fiber on the Pasquali lab's equipment.


ScienceDaily_2014 02016.txt

Quitting smoking reduces the risk of cancer? The answer depends on how confident you are in your ability to quit according to a study led by researchers at Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center and published in the journal Nicotine & Tobacco Research.

The study found that gain-framed messages--those that stressed the benefits in quitting such as quitting smoking reduces the risk of death due to tobacco--were more effective for smokers who believed quitting would be Hard on the other hand loss-framed messages--the ones


ScienceDaily_2014 02064.txt

The disease does not pose a threat to human health. The name bluetongue derives from the swollen lips and tongue of affected sheep


ScienceDaily_2014 02071.txt

#Environmental costs, health risks, and benefits of fracking examineda strange thing happened on the way to dealing with climate change:

From mining to generation coal power consumes more than twice the water per megawatt-hour generated than unconventional gas does.

and gas drilling with potential health threats arising from increases in volatile organic compounds and air toxics.

The real threats are failures in the steel and cement casings of wells nearer to the surface

The dangers of seismicity can be reduced however if energy companies follow basic guidelines and undertake careful monitoring The study highlights several policies

but decisions about drilling--both approvals and bans on fracking-are made all the time based on assumptions about health risks.


ScienceDaily_2014 02076.txt

Study finds important genes in defense responsewhen corn plants come under attack from a pathogen they sometimes respond by killing their own cells near the site of the attack committing cell suicide to thwart further damage from the attacker.

and cellular processes that appear to control this so-called hypersensitive defense response (HR) in corn.

The findings which appear in PLOS Genetics could help researchers build better defense responses in corn and other plants;

The 44 candidate genes appear to be involved in defense response programmed cell death cell wall modification

and a few other responses linked to resisting attack says Dr. Peter Balint-Kurti the paper's corresponding author and a U s. Department of agriculture (USDA) professor who works in NC State's plant pathology and crop science

This mutation causes a corn plant to inappropriately trigger this hypersensitive defense response causing spots on the corn plant as well as stunted growth.

Balint-Kurti said the top candidates made sense as they mostly appear to be linked to defense or disease resistance.

Hopefully this work provides an opening to really characterize this important defense response and learn more about it in other plants.


ScienceDaily_2014 02090.txt

Mother's milk a source of protectionprevious studies by the research group showed that protective antibodies against porcine neonatal coccidiosis are transferred to the piglets through the sow's milk directly after birth.


ScienceDaily_2014 02120.txt

when the recommended amount by the European Organization for the Protection of Plants to not affect the crop yield is of just 40 cysts;


ScienceDaily_2014 02126.txt

While sparrows are adept at finding shelter in farmlands and are happy to eat a variety of seeds found in those areas the tinamou


ScienceDaily_2014 02133.txt

For example farmers in the United states and Australia have used planting of pest-friendly refuges to delay evolution of insect resistance to genetically engineered corn and cotton.

These genetically modified crops kill certain pests but without refuges the pests quickly adapt. Providing refuges of conventional plants has been especially effective for suppressing resistance in the pink bollworm an invasive pest of cotton.

However Peter Jørgensen also cautions: In many cases decision makers must pay more attention to assuring that long-term benefits of applying these solutions do not come at a short-term cost for some individuals for example from yield loss due to localised effects of pests in a particular year.

By encouraging cost sharing local communities and governments play a crucial role in ensuring that everybody gains from the benefits of using evolutionary biology to realise the long-term goals of sustainable development such as increasing food security protecting biodiversity


< Back - Next >


Overtext Web Module V3.0 Alpha
Copyright Semantic-Knowledge, 1994-2011