#but rather a chemical that becomes toxic in excess. At issue is the fact that glucose from complex carbohydrates,
shows for the first time the extent of the Northern hemisphere s intercontinental crop losses caused by ozone a chemical partly produced by fossil fuels.
The study also suggests that increasing levels of air pollution from one continent may partly offset efforts to cut carbon emissions in another.
Enhanced surface ozone concentrations are produced through a chemical combination of hydrocarbon compounds and nitrogen oxides (nitrogen oxides are emitted into the atmosphere during high temperature combustion, for example by combustion of fossil fuels by motor vehicles and in coal fired power plants).
coupled with the challenges facing our ability to be food secure in the coming decades further coordinated international efforts should be targeted at reducing emissions of ozone forming gases across the globe.#
With future emissions of ozone-forming chemicals from Europe and North america expected to reduce, and emissions from Asia to increase, the findings suggest that increasing pollution from Asia may partly offset crop production benefits gained in Europe and North america through local emission reduction strategies.#
We (in the form of the USDA) say yes to Dow chemical and Monsanto and their herbicide-drenched#version of intensive agriculture.
farming in the US heartland can be pushed toward a model based on biodiversity over monocropping, farmer skill in place of brute chemicals,
This new GM corn variety is a joint project between Dow and Monsanto containing resistance to different varieties of herbicide.
because the hope of Dow and Monsanto is that they will be able to stay one step ahead of the superweeds they hope don t develop,
invested in Monsanto, supports a high-tech vision of agriculture, rather than the low-tech, affordable, diverse, climate-resistant,
In 1998, African scientists at a United nations conference strongly objected to Monsanto s promotional GE campaign that used photos of starving African children under the headline Let the Harvest Begin.#
#Thousands of U s. farmers have been forced to pay Monsanto tens of millions of dollars in damages for the crime#of saving seed.
and the United states steer a different course than the one advocated by Gates, Monsanto, Dow,
to soil temperature, to chemical composition. 14.)Smart Contacts-The idea of smart#contact lenses, the kind that can superimpose information on the wearer s field of view has been around for a while.
Shown above is the Ion Protonsequencer, the first benchtop sequencer to offer fast (under 8 hours), affordable (under $1,
Therapeutic Lifestyle Changes (TLC), a diet that s high in fiber and low in fat,
The Mediterranean plan includes whole grains, fresh fruits and vegetables, healthy fats such as olive oil, and red wine in moderation.
#Diets on the bottom of the overall list include the Dukan Diet, a high-protein, low-fat, low-carbohydrate plan,
and animal proteins. Those diets tied for last place. Before choosing, think of your priority, says panel member Andrea Giancoli, RD, a spokeswoman for the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics.
Biggest Loser focuses on weight loss and includes fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, and whole grains.
The limited amount of oil and gas remaining are utilised still as energy source, but will only be used in niche industries where its unique combustible elements are still in demand.
It can be made more wholesome as production can be controlled at the molecular level phasing out the crude genetic modification.
South China Agriculture University scientists were able to create the glow-in-the-dark pigs by injecting fluorescent protein from jellyfish DNA into pig embryos.
Dr. Moisyadi said the animals are affected not by the fluorescent protein and will have the same life span as other pigs.#
#When particles fluoresce, they immediately emit absorbed light, instead of than storing and emitting it over time as with phosphorescence (think#oeglow-in-the-dark shirt#).
As we apply new molecular scale technologies to solar panels the cost per watt is coming down rapidly.
The high-tech startup culture has given Boulder a prosperous economy without the help of oil, natural gas,
Without the help of oil, natural gas, or any monolithic industry, Boulder County (population 300,000) ranks among the top 20 most productive metro areas in terms of GDP.
While we are indeed running out of the noble gas, that hasn stopped t the United states from continuing to sell the stuff by the barrel full, dirt cheap.
and today a billion cubic metres of the gas are stored in a facility near Amarillo, Texas. In 1996 Congress passed an act requiring that this strategic reserve,
an atom in a wall, a grain of rice in a rice field. But the truth is,
#And a few yards away in the laboratory, robotic arms mix together some compounds to produce the desired cells.
The rush to biological means of production promises to revolutionize the chemical industry and transform the economy,
as well as a gas used to make car tires. Other applications are being studied in the laboratory: biosensors that light up
Revenue from industrial chemicals made through synthetic biology is already as high as $1. 5 billion,
#Carbon-negative energy now a reality In 2007, officials from Berkeley, California shut off the electricity to an artists space known as the Shipyard.
what it says is the world s only carbon-negative power source. Located in one of the grittiest areas of town, where train tracks, garbage,
All Power Labs makes machines that use an ancient process called gasification to turn out not only carbon-neutral energy,
but also a carbon-rich charcoal by-product that just happens to be a fertilizer so efficient that Tom Price, the company s director of strategic initiatives, calls it#oeplant crack.#
#Gasification, in which dense biomass smoldering #but not combusting#in a low-oxygen environment is converted to hydrogen gas,
is nothing new. Price said that ancient cultures used it to enrich their soils, and during WORLD WAR II, a million vehicles utilized the technology.
All Power Labs has taken gasification and combined it with two of the Bay Area s most valuable commodities#a rich maker culture
Global climate change is a result of too much carbon being put into the sky, most scientists agree,
burning the biomass releases the carbon back into the atmosphere. By comparison, because there s no combustion in All Power Labs gasification process,
the carbon isn t released into the air. Rather, it is pulled from the biomass and converted into charcoal.
Thanks to gasification and the fact that that charcoal can be put back into the ground
the process of releasing carbon is reversed, Price argued. Charcoal waste is generated by the machine but the charcoal is rich with carbon
and makes a very efficient fertilizer. That s why All Power Labs has sold already more than 500 of its machines#many to some of the world s poorest nations.
During a recent visit to the company s headquarters, it had orders pending from Ecuador, the Dominican republic, Haiti, Thailand, Nicaragua, Mexico,
Rather, they deliver nicotine, flavor and other chemicals in the form of a vapor. A starter kit,
how much nicotine or other chemicals users are inhaling, and whether the devices can help people quit smoking traditional cigarettes
The algae produces a chemical compound which is converted by the coral into its own UV-blocking sunscreen,
if the compound can be isolated, it could potentially be modified into a human oral sunscreen that would protect both the skin and the eyes.
It will use a donut-shaped magnetic field to contain gases that will reach temperatures comparable to those at the core of the sun, in excess of 150 million degrees C (270 million F),
But his father s day job as a high school chemistry and physics teacher laid an unusual theoretical foundation for his son.#
The technology uses liquid nitrogen rather than liquid helium as a coolant, which lets the system run somewhere between 63 and 77 Kelvin (minus-321 to minus-346 Fahrenheit, the zone in
That s the breadth of a mechanical pencil lead. It represents a huge engineering challenge, Powell said,
#oewe no longer can afford to continue to pollute our skies with heat, chemicals and noise,
Farmers will become thousands of times more precise in how they apply chemicals and fertilizers
fitting the steel boxes with bladders to transport liquid chemicals or cleaning them and using polypropylene liners to move anything from soy, corn,
But RNA molecules are pretty fragile. So the discovery shocked and intrigued many biologists.##oeit s just a very neat new physiologic mechanism,#says Ken Witwer, a molecular biologist at Johns hopkins university in Baltimore.#
#oehow is it that a small RNA, or any RNA, could survive this trip from the mouth, with all these enzymes in saliva, down into the stomach, with the acidic environment there,
that mirnas are#oeessential functional molecules#in Chinese herbal remedies. Finally some people#like the author of acontroversial*column published in The Atlantic#used the study to argue that genetically modified organisms (GMOS) are harmful to eat (despite loads of evidence to the contrary.
Two other follow-up studies were bankrolled by agricultural giant Monsanto (which it must be said, sells GMOS and
The Monsanto researchers combed through large datasets of genetic sequences obtained from mammals, chickens, and insects, looking for any trace of plant mirnas.
Witwer s team fed monkeys a Silk fruit and protein shake, which happens to contain high levels of mir-168 and other plant mirnas.
In the other new paper, Stephen Chan of the Brigham and Women s Hospital in Boston found that healthy athletes did not carry detectable levels of plant mirnas in their blood after eating fruit chock-full of those molecules.
) One gene does not equal one protein. Many genes make multiple different proteins, depending on how the mrna from the gene is sequenced
and cut up in the cell. Some genes don t make proteins at all. SOURCE: Annual Reviews Of Biochemistry.
22.)) Goldfish actually have pretty good memories. They can remember things for months, not seconds like most people say.
but just enough helps your body make Vitamin d. (SOURCE: Cancer Research UK). ) 33. It s a myth that Mcdonald s burgers don t rot.
a molecular biologist, argues in his book,#oebrain Rules, #that if we were to design an almost perfect anti-brain environment,
Because a protein called BDNF (brain-derived neurotrophic factor) which builds and nourishes the infrastructure of cell circuitry in the brain-is created when you re physically active.
Some of it is transformed into fresh water by a solar-powered desalination unit. Some of it may even be used down the road to raise fish or shrimp.#
and slow lumbering slurry bombers that each dumped more than 2, 000 gallons of red chemical fire retardant on a formerly pristine mountainside.
and fruits grown without pesticides, herbicides and other harmful chemical contaminants. At that point, vertical farming in tall buildings will replace less productive single-story greenhouses as the source of all city-grown produce.
gas and fluids as building materials. Yale mechanical engineer Michelle Addington has documented vividly control systems for dynamic plumes of heating and cooling air that enclose building surfaces,
Exploring new chemical reactions within dynamic gaseous and fluid environments British and Danish artificial life researchers such as Rachel Armstrong and Martin Hanczyc are designing#oeprotocells#a mix of chemicals
which behave in a similar way to regular cells. They oscillate, move, and generate skins of delicate material that could one day be used to clothe a building that grows
and rooftops have been designed to make the world s first carbon-neutral city. A vast central cluster of opening
Within each cell of the suspended filter array, valves draw humid air through chemical chambers where chalk-like precipitate forms, an incremental process of carbon fixing.
a form of malnutrition caused by protein deficiency in the diet, grasshoppers offered a welcome source of protein.
Sadly, since 2010, the fields where the children would hunt for grasshoppers are sprayed with pesticides to ensure maximum yield of cotton harvested from neighboring cotton fields.
Now factor in the rise of the middle class, with its subsequent demand for protein, and harsher environmental conditions we will have to battle with,
when compared to other animal protein sources, and comes with great socioeconomic benefits for a lot of people in the poorer regions of the planet.
You may be surprised to learn that insects are#oea highly nutritious and healthy food source with high fat, protein, vitamin, fiber and mineral content.#
resulting in higher greenhouse-gas emissions. A cow takes 8 kg of feed to produce 1 kg of beef,
#Insects also emit less greenhouse gases and ammonia than cattle or pigs and require less land for rearing.
a protein-rich root that in Latin america goes by the name manioc or tapioca and
than people who eat the more typical Western diet that is high in fat and carbohydrates,
#The UCLA researchers are seeking to pinpoint particular chemicals produced by gut bacteria that may be triggering the signals to the brain.
fats and other#oediscretionary calories#to between 5%and 15%of total calories consumed every day.
For the sake of the analysis, other forms of added sugar included brown sugar, raw sugar corn syrup, corn syrup solids, malt syrup, pancake syrup, fructose sweetener, liquid
the technology has bestowed most of its benefits on agribusiness#almost always through crops modified to withstand weed-killing chemicals
In 1996, for example, biotechnology firm Monsanto of St louis, Missouri, introduced the first of its popular Roundup Ready products:
a soya bean equipped with a bacterial gene that allows it to tolerate a Monsanto-made glyphosphate herbicide known as Roundup.
including Monsanto s Bt cotton: a plant modified to produce a bacterial toxin that discourages destructive bollworms and cuts down on the need for pesticides.
The key is an alarm pheromone that some species of wild plant have evolved to mimic the chemical warning signals put out by aphids#a major crop pest in the temperate zones
Unlike Bt cotton and other existing GM organisms, such a crop would need no insect-killing chemical for protection from pests.
which is marketed as Roundup by Monsanto in St louis, Missouri. The herbicidecrop combination worked spectacularly well#until it didn t. In 2004,
which is less toxic than many other chemicals and kills a broad range of weeds without ploughing.
or varying chemicals to deter resistance. Photo credit: Tumhaber Continue reading Scientific American Share Thissubscribedel. icio. usfacebookredditstumbleupontechnorati F
considering it was always a just fancy version of the#oesalad, carb, protein#formula. No souffles, no baking, no Julia Child stuff.
or clean everything with bleach, or even wash your clothes every day. Getting dirty isn t so bad..#
Epigenetic regulation refers to the turning on and off of genes by molecules not the genes themselves.
For example, a series of cloned mice were shown to express an RNA molecule that inactivated one of the female s X chromosomes.
When the RNA molecule was removed cloning efficiency of the mice increased nearly ninefold. Based on previous work, the Japanese researchers sought to improve their cloning efficiency by using a chemical called trichostatin A that inhibits the powerful epigenetic protein histone deacetylase.
In an experiment that was begun in 2005 the inhibitor allowed them to produce 581 mice through 25 rounds of SCNT cloning.
The guidance is based on studies that found children who consumed low-fat milk as part of a reduced-saturated-fat diet had lower concentrations of LDL cholesterol.
though it s unclear how higher fat could lead to lower weight. One theory: It s possible that whole milk gives us a greater sense of satiety.#
Some of the earliest studies evaluating diets low in saturated fat and cholesterol did find a link to less obesity among girls.
#New protein discovery could change biotech forever The quest started with trying to make better yogurt.
Bacteria that uses a tiny molecular machine to kill attacking viruses could change the way that scientists edit the DNA of plants,
The protein, called Cas9, is quite simply a way to more accurately cut a piece of DNA.#
and interferon for multiple sclerosis and crops like Monsanto s Roundup Ready soybeans was based on relatively crude methods for inserting a gene from one organism into another.
a protein that had the ability to cut genetic material. Emmanuelle Charpentier of Umea University of Sweden had picked up hints of one likely protein.
At a scientific conference, she struck up a friendship with Jennifer Doudna, a Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator at UC Berkeley.
They named the protein they found CRISPR-associated system 9#Cas9. In a paper published in Science last summer,
they found that the bacteria combined Cas9 with genetic material to create#oehoming molecules#that attack viruses.
Bacteria, like human beings and almost every other living thing, keeps its genetic code in a library of DNA molecules.
the organism copies the DNA into a related molecule called RNA. Cas9 can be paired with an RNA transcript to target a matching DNA sequence
and stopping your gas-powered lawnmower by grabbing the spark plug barehanded. What we did was cannibalize a Hotshot that some people buy
#Books on Wheels The Catalyst Cafã program#oebrings people together each month to talk about technology and how it can serve individuals, neighborhoods, nonprofits and small business.#
Unnecessary production also means wasting vast quantities of water and energy, increased emissions of greenhouse gases,
and even measure chemical compositions. As you can see there is much more at stake here than what s in your refrigerator.
and analyzing traffic patterns to reroute drivers-Waste management optimizing waste pickup by measuring container levels-Security & emergency detection detecting radiation, gases,
and how will achieving this milestone for ultra tiny storage particle change the tech industry?
But as humans have become increasingly concerned that grain-based carbs are the reason we re fat,
And you need to know the right proportions of protein and essential fatty acids. You have to do math to make sure it s balanced,
For example, dogs can only handle a certain amount of Vitamin d, or they can develop renal and urinary problems from hypercalcimia.
Monsanto s prescriptive-planting system, Fieldscripts, had its first trials last year and is now on sale in four American states.
But last October Monsanto bought the company for about $1 billionone of the biggest takeovers of a data firm yet seen.
Monsanto, the world s largest hybrid-seed producer, has a library of hundreds of thousands of seeds,
a company Monsanto bought in 2012, which makes seed drills and other devices pulled along behind tractors.
Monsanto s, loaded with data, can plant a field with different varieties at different depths
Farmers who have tried Monsanto s system say it has pushed up yields by roughly 5%over two years,
which allows efficiently reprogramming unicellular life to make fuels, byproducts accessible from organic chemistry and smart devices.
manipulate chemicals, fabricate materials and structures, produce energy, provide food, and maintain and enhance human health and our environment.
#New water desalination technology makes ocean water drinkable New method devised using a small electrical field that will remove the salt from seawater.
Called electrochemically mediated seawater desalination (EMSD) this technique has improved upon the current water desalination method.
Richard Cooks, chemistry professor at the University of Austin said: The availability of water for drinking
Seawater desalination is one way to address this need, but most current methods for desalinating water rely on expensive and easily contaminated membranes.
We ve made comparable performance improvements while developing other applications based on the formation of an ion depletion zone.
That suggests that 99 percent desalination is not beyond our reach. Thiswater chip methodcould bring relief to millions around the globe who lack potable water.
This methodis much simpler and consumes less energy than other forms of desalination. Crooks explained:
To achieve desalination, the researchers apply a small voltage (3. 0 volts) to a plastic chip filled with seawater.
At the junction of the channel an embedded electrode neutralizes some of the chloride ions in seawater to create an ion depletion zone that increases the local electric field compared with the rest of the channel.
The Ion depletion zone prevents salt from passing through which creates fresh water out of salt water.
the earth s chemistry and climate have been altered which has evidenced itself in the measureable hydrological cycles of the planet.
They need to remove barriers for their competitors so they can join them in moving away from gas-fueled cars.
and ultimately it will need to be easier than owning a gas fueled car. In order for the laggardsthe most risk-averse group of allto come along,
& Exposition of the American Chemical Society in Dallas. Video) A lot of people abide by the sell-by date,
and gold nanorods and other chemicals, including chloride and Vitamin c. The metallic silver gradually deposits on each gold nanorod,
That changes the particle s chemical composition and shape so the tag color now would be different.
not only promises to revolutionize the chemical industry but also transform the economy. Hundreds of products are already in the pipeline. 110.
Molecular Gastronomists 130. Bio-Meat Factory Engineers 131. Supply Chain Optimizers 132. Urban Agriculturalists Why ship food all the way around the world when it can be grown next door 133.
Over the course of the 1970s, neuroscientists like Quik learned that the nicotine molecule fits into receptors for the neurotransmitter acetylcholine like a key into a lock.
Those other chemical ingredientsthings like acetaldehyde, anabasine, nornicotine, anatabine, cotinine, and myosminehelp to keep people hooked on tobacco.
Milk contains a vast cocktail of molecules, and immunoglobin A (Iga or SIGA) is one of them.
When the team added an inflammatory chemical called DSS into their drinking water, those that didn t get the antibody from their mothers reacted more vigorously.
social marketing and education campaign, including training of women to prepare traditional low-fat, high-vegetable meals.
Denmark banned trans fats, which have made its Mcdonald s among the healthiest in the world. Further back, the introduction of rationing in the UK during the second world war ensured that the poorest people were able to eat a balanced diet.
Among developing countries the highest consumption of fat is in East asia and southern Africa. However, industrialized countries still have much higher levels of fat consumption often more than double their developing counterparts.
Caffeine is not the main bitter compound in coffee. Rather the pungent perpetrators are antioxidants.
When it comes to great flavor coffee chemistry boils down to roasting and brewing. During roasting oil locked inside the beans begins to emerge at around 400 degrees.
and fat than dark meat (for all those dieters trying to make it through the holidays). 7) Â We can't handle it all Some of what you eat on Thanksgiving is imported from places that don't even celebrate the holiday.
#12 Worst Hormone-Disrupting Chemicals & Their Health Effects<p>Environmental Working group an organization that advocates against the use of toxic chemicals has released a list of the 12 worst hormone disrupting chemicals.</
</p><p>Here is our breakdown of<a href=http://www. ewg. org/research/dirty-dozen-list-endocrine-disruptors>the list</a
</p><p><p>This chemical is found in many products including canned foods plastics and dental sealants and is similar in structure to the hormone estrogen.
</p><p>These are long-lived chemicals that are widely found in foods and accumulate in animal fatty tissue according to the World health organization.
But while the chemical is known to be toxic at high levels " background" exposure (exposure to normal levels in the environment) is expected not to affect human health on average WHO says.</
</p><p>These chemicals are used in plastics to make the material more flexible and in many products as dissolving agents according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
</p><p>This chemical is used to produce rocket fuel and other explosives and it can be found in many produce
Although it is hard to avoid<a href=http://www. livescience. com/177-rocket-fuel-chemical-breast-milk-women-18-states. html>perchlorate</a>in food people can reduce the effects of the chemical
</p><p>Chemicals used as<a href=http://www. livescience. com/14228-flame-retardant-baby-products. html>fire retardants</a>called polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDES
</p><p>These chemicals are found in no-stick cookware and are very persistent. Some PFCS have been linked to lower sperm quality<a href=http://www. livescience. com/22895-pfc-baby-growth-rates. html>low birth weight</a
</p><p>Exposure to these pesticide chemicals has been linked to effects on brain development behavior and fertility and can affect testosterone levels EWG says.
Buying organic produce may reduce exposure to these chemicals EWG says.</</p><p>These chemicals are used as solvents in paints
and cleaning products and have been linked to lower sperm count in painters among other health problems EWG says.
Exposure to these chemicals has also been linked to asthma and allergies in children. Avoiding products with the ingredients 2-butoxyethanol (EGBE)
and improve their diet by eating more fruits and vegetables and fewer foods with high sodium and trans fat content.
and loaded with vitamins and minerals. Even NASA is considering quinoa for long-duration planetary space flights perhaps as an apology for its Tang years.
Its high-protein low-sugar gluten-free profile makes it an ideal diet food for nearly anyone but particularly for diabetics and those with celiac disease or similar gluten sensitivities.
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