Returning to the pots the Bristol team used a compound-specific carbon isotope technique they have developed to identify the actual fats preserved in the cooking pots showing that dairy products dominated the menu right across Britain
#Algae research gives hope for renewable carbon-negative source of food, medicinesthe University of Greenwich has won funding for three pieces of research related to algae.
Algae research gives hope for renewable carbon-negative source of food and medicinesbright pink-orange microalgae found in salt lakes
and store carbon from the atmosphere and thereby counteract climate change caused by human carbon emissions.
Methanogens play a key role in carbon cycling. When plants die some of their biomass is trapped in areas that are devoid of oxygen such as the bottom of lakes.
The researchers then calculated the likely amount of carbon to be pulled out of the atmosphere through weathering
and carbon feedback after Earth's cooling 45 million years ago when great mountain ranges like the Andes and The himalayas were formed first.
The paper suggests that mountainous regions may play a particularly important role in drawing carbon out of the atmosphere
The traditional view she said is that forests affect climate through carbon storage and by altering the color of the planet's surface
Wildfires meanwhile are a major source of black carbon and primary organic carbon. Forest cover was vastly greater during the Pliocene a period marked not just by warmer temperatures
Patrick Jantz Scott Goetz and Nadine Laporte describe their findings in an article entitled Carbon stock corridors to mitigate climate change
while also providing opportunities for climate change mitigation in the form of carbon sequestration and avoiding emissions from deforestation.
The team used a high-resolution data set of vegetation carbon stock (VCS) to map 16257 corridors through areas of the highest biomass between 5600 protected areas in the tropics.
which forests contain significant carbon stocks and are important for tropical biodiversity. Part of the study focused on the Legal Amazon where the team used economic and biological information combining species richness
Dark-field scattering and photoluminescence spectroscopy of more than 200 nanoparticles helped them determine that it takes about 160 femtoseconds (quadrillionths of a second) for an electron to transfer from the particle to highly conducting graphene the single-atom-thick form of carbon.
and play a critical role in storing atmospheric carbon says Dr. William Hoffmann associate professor of plant
Climate modelers examining atmospheric carbon dioxide levels use these types of models to make projections on carbon storage
The global phosphorus cycle is besides nitrogen also increasingly growing out of balance with carbon the subject of another recent paper by the same group of researchers and a new European Research Council grant for continued research by IIASA
The change in the stoichiometry of nitrogen and carbon from rising atmospheric CO2 concentrations relative to phosphorus has no equivalent in Earth's history
Besides reducing pollutants in the air these buffers can protect water quality store carbon cool urban heat islands
Further the products of these reactions are transported to the oceans in rivers where they ultimately form carbonate rocks like limestone that lock away carbon on the seafloor for millions of years preventing it from forming carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
and assess how they were broken down and weathered by the fungi associated with the roots of the trees. â#As reported in Biogeosciences the researchers found that low atmospheric CO2Â acts as a â#carbon starvationâ##brake.
because low CO2Â reduces plantsâ##ability to perform photosynthesis meaning less carbon-energy is supplied to the roots and their fungi.
If you don't get it right Yang says you might miss a lot of the carbon absorption. The news wasn't all bad for the cameras however.
The molecule in question is carbon-60 also known as the buckminsterfullerene and the buckyball discovered at Rice in 1985.
He noted other researchers are looking at similar effects through the molecular manipulation of graphene the single-atomic-layer form of carbon.
storing more carbon as they agein a finding that overturns the conventional view that large old trees are unproductive scientists have determined that for most species the biggest trees increase their growth rates
and sequester more carbon as they age. In a letter published today in the journal Nature an international research group reports that 97 percent of 403 tropical and temperate species grow more quickly the older they get.
#Microbe community changes may reduce Amazons ability to lock up carbon dioxideut Arlington researchers focusing on the Amazon recently found that widespread conversion from rainforest to pastureland has significant effects on microorganism communities that may
Because the carbon and nitrogen cycles are linked so strongly our previous results indicated that changes in carbon dioxide sequestration will gathered occurrodrigues'team samples of soil from the Fazenda Nova Vida site in Rondonia Brazil one of three states
The bigger the tree the more carbon it stores and a study in New Phytologist explores global variance in tree height identifying temperature as the most important factor behind the tallest species. Height gives canopy trees the focus
of much forest carbon research a competitive advantage as they can place leaves at higher light levels
If trees will get bigger in the future they will store more carbon than they do now
#Suburban sprawl cancels carbon footprint savings of dense urban coresaccording to a new study by researchers at the University of California Berkeley population-dense cities contribute less greenhouse gas emissions
and services consumed by U s. households so-called household carbon footprints. Interactive carbon footprint maps for more than 31000 U s. zip codes in all 50 states are available online at http://coolclimate. berkeley. edu/maps.
The goal of the project is to help cities better understand the primary drivers of household carbon footprints in each location said Daniel Kammen Class of 1935 Distinguished Professor of Energy in the Energy and Resources Group
and the Goldman School of Public Policy and director of the Renewable and Appropriate Energy Laboratory.
The average carbon footprint of households living in the center of large population-dense urban cities is about 50 percent below average
Metropolitan areas look like carbon footprint hurricanes with dark green low-carbon urban cores surrounded by red high-carbon suburbs said Christopher Jones a doctoral student working
Unfortunately while the most populous metropolitan areas tend to have the lowest carbon footprint centers they also tend to have the most extensive high carbon footprint suburbs.
Taking into account the impact of all urban and suburban residents large metropolitan areas have a slightly higher average carbon footprint than smaller metro areas.
The UC Berkeley researchers found that the primary drivers of carbon footprints are household income vehicle ownership
Other important factors include population density the carbon-intensity of electricity production energy prices and weather.
and high carbon suburbanization would result as a side effect Jones said. Increasing population density in suburbs appears to be an even a worse strategy he said.
Surprisingly population dense suburbs have significantly higher carbon footprints than less dense suburbs. Population dense suburbs also tend to create their own suburbs
The project website includes a tool that calculates carbon footprints for essentially every populated U s. zip code city county
Households and cities can calculate their own carbon footprints to see how they compare to their neighbors
When you package low carbon technologies together you find real financial savings and big social and environmental benefits.
in order to craft policies and programs that enable the adoption of energy and carbon-efficient technologies and practices.
One example of this is the Coolcalifornia Challenge a statewide carbon footprint reduction competition to name the Coolest California City.
Try the Transition Network, The Post Carbon Institute, and  Peak Prosperity.##8: If necessary, reconcile with your family.
With the carbon matching system in place in this neighborhood, traffic patterns can be broken down, and other sources of carbon can be traced.
According to Bartlett, this system helped IBM identify carbon in unexpected places like in methane leaks from utilities.
When you can have this type of project in the neighborhood, he said, you can then redesign a green corridor there.
as we develop more low carbon energy sources, building owners will be able to go to what he calls the energy cafe
giving them an opportunity to cut costs and reduce their carbon footprint. IBM has been working with New york city
The goal, with the help of IBM's carbon intelligence software is to reduce New york city's greenhouse gas emissions by 30 percent by 2017.
and about 157,000 red-blooded suburban middle-class right-wing Americans is moving toward being the first city in the nation to produce zero net carbon emissions
simultaneously eliminating much of their carbon emissions and reaping significant savings revenues that will remain within their communities,
 We can kill the carbon monster and create real economic productivity at home using free fuel.
 And if a beleaguered town like Lancaster can aim to be  net zero carbon
Another cure for whisky's carbon hangoverthe stink of methane is not what comes to mind
you can drown your carbon sorrows in the knowledge that those bottles travel fewer miles to get to your stateside liver.
Storing carbon: In the U s. urban trees store about 770 million tons of carbon. Energy use:
100 million mature trees around buildings in the U s. leads to an annual energy savings of $2 billion.
polar bear-killing emissions released into our carbon-choked friendly skies. That article cites Southwest as the leading U s. airline for carbon footprint awareness,
and notes that the company spent $175 million to retrofit the navigation systems on its planes to calculate tighter flight paths
the process is completely carbon neutral. Seat covers-two new products that will be tested on the aircraft seats,
The drop-off points are essentially a way to minimize the Christmas carbon footprint. Jean-Charles Noudell, manager of green spaces and gardens of the 3rd arrondissement, says that the recycling program helps create mulch for the gardens that will keep soil moist,
Because permafrost's icy soil contains frozen carbon--mostly organic matter such as leaves and roots--it releases a lot of carbon, in the form of carbon dioxide and methane, into the atmosphere as it thaws.
Scientists, who are now observing how much of these gases are currently being released from this thawing ground,
that will release vast amounts of carbon into the air. Scientists estimate that the permafrost contains two and a half times as much carbon as the entire atmosphere.
Current projections for the amount of carbon that the Arctic and Subarctic regions could one day annually contribute to the atmosphere are equivalent to anywhere from 15%to 35%of today's yearly emissions from human activity.
Even if it 5 or 10 percent of today emissions, it exceptionally worrying, and 30 percent is humongous,
and the carbon will enter the air as carbon dioxide. But when organic matter breaks down at the bottom of a lake or wetland
releasing the carbon into the atmosphere as methane. Although most of the carbon released by the permafrost is likely to be carbon dioxide,
scientists say that the fact that methane is so much more potent than carbon dioxide as a greenhouse gas means that it will be likely be responsible for trapping as much heat as the carbon dioxide will.
and its aftermath sent a huge pulse of carbon into the air â as much as would be emitted in two years by a city the size of Miami.
and release permafrost carbon to the atmosphere is increasing fire frequency. It's not entirely clear exactly how these changes will impact the Arctic, the permafrost or the planet as a whole.
if it really old carbon that hasn t been in the air for a long time, and now it entering the air, Edward A g. Schuur,
longer growing seasons deeper roots (10 to 12 feet down) hold down topsoil reduce erosion build soil sequester carbon from the air reduce farm equipment maintenance requirements use less herbicide Will perennial grains really be the answer
Armstrong said the carbon-eating paint, which she calls Biolime, is tied up in intellectual property issues at the moment.
as Armstrong likes to say--to remove carbon from the atmosphere. Armstrong, who is a TED fellow,
so that it could sequester carbon and clean contaminated runoff. The ubiquity of parking lots has led also to an overlooked social dimension:
where carbon-reduction targets are driving power utilities--particularly coal-fired power plants--to mix more wood pellets into their fuel supply.
The only policy answer to climate change is to stifle carbon emissions, without building a clean energy substitute for coal.
which allows you to calculate your carbon footprint and purchase carbon offsets, mathematically making a trip carbon neutral.
While I can t calculate my carbon footprint for the short cab ride to the airport (less than 10 miles),
I did make some rough calculations to see what happened when I moved from my luxury apartment to the yoga pod
and create a sustainable low carbon, clean energy economy. Deforestation accounts for up to 20 percent of all greenhouse gas pollution.
both by purchasing carbon offsets and by raising awareness about climate change issues. I hope my personal story of giving up luxury to live sustainably in community,
I have the chance to inspire others to take action to reduce their own carbon footprints.
making it a larger source of carbon emissions than most countries except China and the United states. But
as part of the food company's overriding agenda to develop an integrated crop management system that will help the company reduce the carbon emissions
composites, carbon fiber and other cutting-edge automobile materials would welcome. Unfortunately, federal policy only regulates the driving cycle, not the full cycle.
which allows the Greenhouse to store carbon within its walls. The Mgo is a strong, environmentally friendly building material that is one tenth the carbon footprint of fiber cement sheet.
As with the past three Geenhouse restaurants, Joost utilizes sustainable ideas in all aspects of the building, from food sourcing and production, through to architecture, building materials and furniture design.
revealing which forests store the most carbon Hemp helps create greener homes More low-tech solutions on Smartplanet:
The other thing we consider is carbon storage. If a tree falls in the forest and it completely  decomposes,
then all the carbon in that tree goes back to the atmosphere. But if you put that tree in a landfill,
Some of that carbon is stored in the landfill. That also is a positive for the environment
because you're taking carbon out of the atmosphere. What should be done to deal with this problem?
I spent an hour chatting up a huge Indian conglomerate that already describes itself as carbon-positive, water-positive and waste-recycling positive.
because it makes ITC's ability to push into the carbon-positive, water-positive and waste-positive side of the sustainability equation all the more intriguing.
On being carbon-positive: ITC actually reports that it is now sequestering or storing twice the amount of carbon dioxide emissions that it emits.
These planting efforts have helped push ITC into its carbon-positive claim AND they have provided also a source of raw material for ITC's paperboard and specialty papers business.
So, the company is focused on bringing assessment, carbon footprinting and reporting techniques to its clients,
Equally important is the ability of biodiversity to mitigate against the impact of the carbon we release.
Carbon is sequestered naturally in the environment, fixed in the wood of forests, the coral of reefs, the peat of bogs,
The program offers WGES Cleansteps Carbon Offsets to natural gas customers in Washington, Maryland and Virginia and helps clean up the bay through the Carbon Reduction Fund.
Initially, a major source of carbon offsets will be created those by J. B. Hunt through their shift from trucking to rail transportation.
We talked about carbon offsets, the challenges of transporting by rail and the benefits of getting trucks off the road.
Twenty years ago, people were not talking about carbon offsets. That s one of the interesting things about transportation.
Typically the carbon emissions are cut in half by doing that. But if the truck does more,
the carbon reduction is less. If the train does more, the reduction can be more.
What are the conversations you re having with customers about carbon footprints? More and more of them,
Burning 100 gallons of diesel fuel emits 1 metric ton of carbon emissions. This year we will ship over 1 million loads via intermodal service.
we save 1 metric ton of carbon emissions, so that will have reduced greenhouse gas emissions by 1 million metric tons,
and where the Cleansteps program found our carbon credits interesting. I like to think of it a cycle of goodness.
Carbon offsets is a difficult concept to explain. Think of it this way: Your car runs on gasoline.
but you can buy the J. B. Hunt carbon offsets and that allows us to keep building out our intermodal structure so we can keep reducing our greenhouse gases.
Up until now, some organizations have viewed collecting carbon management information as a once-a-year sort of thing.
The company hopes the plant will help reduce its carbon footprint and boost its use of renewable energy;
if Crane's stationary has reduced a carbon footprint? DC: Will it tip them over the edge
But EU restrictions on carbon emissions have made it expensive to incorporate these sorts of synthetic materials into bricks.
six-carbon and five-carbon sugars found in nature. Smartplanet: Cobalt has seen investment from Vantagepoint, Pinnacle, LSP and Harris & Harris, among others.
Coca-cola notes that there is a big difference between water footprinting and carbon footprinting. Here's what it says in the report:
With carbon footprints, one can compare similar products (if the same boundaries and methodology are used) knowing that lower carbon
(or zero carbon) is better. On the other hand, water footprints help identify where water is used in the production of a production and
what type of water is used. Water is local and thus water footprint numbers must be considered in the context of the local watershed.
but can we do them with wood as a way to reduce the carbon impact
that you could build a high-rise made of wood that would reduce its carbon footprint
which absorbs carbon while it grows. But not just any wood. You use laminated wood composites like glulam
would erase the carbon-reducing benefits. You d want to look and see if you are using within a 500-mile limit,
when companies claim carbon neutrality without lifting a finger to reduce actual consumption. The other work that it is important to mention
because every tech company contributes to the carbon footprint of the planet not just through its own business operations
and we can capture the carbon used in burning coal, that just leaves more coal ash.
In general, the evidence presented in this study shows that broadband-driven technologies can make a sizable contribution to reducing carbon emissions,
Walker Lunn founded Envirelation in an effort to help the hospitality industry reduce its carbon footprint
Shifts in carbon policies
EPA's stance on greenhouse gas draws legal fire from Chamber of Commercebeen stewing over this one for a few days,
if cutting carbon emissions is the goal, this biomass even if just the woody scraps on the forest floor is the wrong way to go.
Most people assume that wood bioenergy will be carbon-neutral, because the forest re-grows and there's also the chance of protecting forests from carbon emissions due to wildfire.
However, our research showed that the emissions from these activities proved to be more than the savings.
Oregon and California are considered carbon sinks. This means they hold more carbon than they naturally release into the atmosphere.
An OSU forestry professor tells the Seattle Post Intelligencer that in the long run, however, the biomass could still be better than burning fossil fuels.
and carbon-holding potential. Such forests would also be more likely to burn and thus, release their carbon on their own.
Just last month, the USDA granted a total of $80 million to University of Washington and Washington state University for next-gen biofuel research.
GMO trees for sequestering more carbon? Salvaging biofuel from West's pine beetle devastation Could biodiesel be worse for the environment than diesel?
Airlines say biofuels can shrink the industry s carbon footprint because they do not emit CO2 the way conventional hydrocarbon jet fuels ââ oetypically kerosene-do.
But Foe points out that jet biofuels can actually increase carbon emissions if planters of feedstocks like palm, jatropha and camelina eradicate forests and grasslands,
Paula Owen. Not only can people cut their carbon footprint, but they can also bring down their electricity bills considerably.
 According to the Stern report, keeping forests intact is one of the most cost-effective ways to cut carbon emissions.
A world characterized by high oil prices, technological breakthroughs and a high implicit or actual carbon price.
And getting a good understating of my own carbon footprint. The state of Maine is more dependent on home heating fuel than any other state.
factoring in everything from carbon stored, to ozone, nitrogen, and particulates removed, health impact, effect on building heating/cooling costs,
have a carbon sequestration value of $386, 000, and a pollution removal value of 836,000.
Biochar is a carbon-negative soil amendment made from waste. It's produced through a process called pyrolysis.
when it's converted to charcoal we can sequester that carbon in the ground. We convert it into a form that will never decompose back into CO2.
I went to Princeton and I studied at the Carbon Mitigation Initiative. It's a think tank developing low-carbon energy technologies.
I also did soil science work with the Smithsonian in Panama. I was working on soil science issues with small farmers there.
because it doesn't generate carbon emissions. However, the conventional method of producing hydrogen gas relies on energy from fossil fuels to separate the atoms from other molecules like water.
And for that very reason they've long been regarded as mother nature's antidote for our carbon-emitting ways.
It's been estimated that the loss of forests contribute 15 to 20 percent of global carbon emissions,
and distribution of carbon stored in Earth's tropical forests. The accuracy of the map's information will allow nations to better manage greenhouse gases.
and Degradation program or REDD+can use the measurements to establish a monetary value for the carbon sequestered in forests.
and invest in low-carbon development projects. Prior estimates estimates were derived from a rudimentary process where researchers would manually measure the size of forest trees
They arrived at their carbon estimates by looking at information on the height of treetops from more than 3 million measurements.
the amount of carbon it contained. The data was rendered then into a visual representation that shows distribution of carbon stored in forests across more than 75 tropical countries.
This was achieved using NASA imagery from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) instrument on NASA's Terra spacecraft, the Quikscat scatterometer satellite and the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission.
The most obvious fact you'll notice is that the majority of carbon is stored in the extensive forests of Latin america.
The region holds half of all the carbon found within the world's tropical forests. Brazil's carbon stock alone, at 61 billion tons,
almost equals all of the carbon stock in Sub-saharan africa, at 62 billion tons. The map reveals that in the early 2000s,
forests in the 75 tropical countries studied contained 247 billion tons of carbon, which is nearly 25 times the amount of carbon is released annually to the atmosphere from combined fossil fuel burning and land use changes.
These patterns of carbon storage which we really didn't know before, depend on climate, soil,
topography and the history of human or natural disturbance of the forests, said Sassan Saatchi of NASA's Jet propulsion laboratory in Pasadena,
Calif. Areas often impacted by disturbance, human or natural, have lower carbon storage. For climate change scientists, the map also serves as a barometer of the health
and longevity of forests and how they contribute to the global carbon cycle and overall functioning of the Earth system.
The next step in Saatchi's research is to compare the carbon map with satellite observations of deforestation to identify source locations of carbon dioxide released to the atmosphere.
Behind the wheel, drivers will also discover a carbon-fiber interior, paddle-shifting technology and a four-seat configuration.
The leaked data present higher carbon costs for biofuels because, for the first time, the analysts incorporated the effects of indirect land use change (ILUC).
And with ILUC added to the mix, it looks like some top biofuel crops are worse for the environment, in terms of carbon emissions, than crude oil.
The EU's default value for measuring carbon efficiency for oil from tar sands is 107g CO2 equivalent per megajoule of fuel (CO2/mj.
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