Gas

Gas (1745)
Liquid gas (13)
Natural gas (201)
Noble gas (1)

Synopsis: Chemistry & chemical compounds: Gases: Gas:

Charles Mann The Atlantic 24 april 2013 Fracking and shale gas have transformed America's energy balance.

which its liquid and gas states become indistinguishable. And a magnet such as iron has a critical temperature at

when they burn, with no net addition of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere. As a result, they are viewed by many as one of the main ways the aviation industry can reduce its carbon footprint.

One of his main criticisms is that in some cases biofuels can lead to deforestation and a large increase in greenhouse gas emissions.

and gas pipelines and electricity towers to extract concessions from the central government. Other talks also outlined seemingly practical solutions for the country's future.

It only makes up a tiny fraction of the atmosphere (0. 04%of all the gas by volume oe

lasting gas oe that temperatures will continue to rise for a few hundred years. We won't stop emitting carbon dioxide today, of course,

so that the greenhouse gas produced during fossil fuel burning can be removed from the exhaust emissions. The carbon dioxide can then be cooled

Another storage option is to use the collected gas to replace crude oil deposits, helping drilling companies to pump out oil from hard to reach places, in a process known as advanced oil recovery.

But what about the gas that is already out there? The problem with removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere is that it's present at such a low concentration.

In a power plant chimney, for instance, carbon dioxide is present at concentrations of 4-12%within a relatively small amount of exhaust air.

Removing the gas takes a lot of energy, so it is expensive, but it's feasible. To extract the 0. 04%of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere would require enormous volumes of air to be processed.

and olivine rock, is a great sucker of carbon dioxide, sealing the absorbed gas as stable magnesium carbonate mineral.

which contain holes oe solidified gas bubbles from the basalt's formation from volcanic lava flows millions of years ago.

scientists are experimenting with dissolving the gas in water first and then injecting it into the rocks under high pressures.

However, Lackner thinks the gas is too useful to petrify. His idea is to use the carbon dioxide to make liquid fuels for transport vehicles.

although the UK's Met Office is more favourable) oe it starts to make economic sense for oil companies who would pay in the region of $100 per tonne to use the gas in enhanced oil recovery.

Producing fertilisers also pollutes the atmosphere with climate-altering greenhouse gases. The Haber reaction requires burning fossil fuels

And other potent greenhouse gases, including nitrous oxide, are released also while making or using fertiliser. Transporting fertiliser also releases significant carbon emissions,

Making manure releases its own potent greenhouse gas oe methane. Planting legumes that fix nitrogen can take up space in the field that many farmers would prefer to dedicate to cash crops.

and we're still pumping out greenhouse gases. Others point out that there is more than enough environmental space on this planet for everyone to live sustainably,

however, inappropriate flooding of vegetation can cause greenhouse gas emissions and poison the water for fish.

and I would also say for global temperature (caused by too many greenhouse gas molecules

the basis for governments'attempts to curb global warming gases. But progress on addressing the most critical global challenges,

and grammar in lengthy documents has stymied any real action on greenhouse gas emissions. And in the meantime almost all environmental problems targeted by the original summit have got worse rather than improved.

only a few organisms are able to break the tough chemical bond in the gas to create the nitrate form that plants

The methane gas produced by the bacteria is used then to fuel cooking stoves, and the decomposed manure can be spread on the fields as fertiliser.

meaning they produce greenhouse gas emissions during production. Give peas a chancea growing body of scientists is arguing that the common pastoral scene of a man in a hat driving a plough is causing some of the biggest damage to our soils.

And, because carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas, we are changing the climate by melting glaciers and raising sea levels.

and the 1991 blowout of the Philippines Mount Pinatubo lowered average global temperatures by 0. 7 degrees F enough to mask the effects of manmade greenhouse gases for a year or so.

gases per unit of food produced. Compared to the worlds temperate regions, the tropics release nearly twice as much carbon to the atmosphere for each unit of land cleared,

a gas that widens blood vessels. Researchers in the U s. gave a group of volunteers a daily dose of 6g,

The imoves small city design offers a modern, high-tech vibe as well as a greener alternative to gas powered cars.

000 Factories to Meet Their Energy-efficiency Goals Coal has made China the worlds largest emitter of greenhouse gases.

Chinas energy consumption rose so sharply last winter that it produced the biggest surge ever of greenhouse gases by a single country.

China passed the United states as the worlds largest emitter of greenhouse gases in 2006. That milestone came earlier because of Chinas heavy reliance on coal,

an especially dirty fossil fuel in terms of emission of gases contributing to global climate change. In addition to the energy-efficiency objective in the current five-year plan

Carbon emissions are a measurement of a countrys man-made emissions of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide.

and generates 20%of all the greenhouse gases driving global warming. As a result, the United nations and senior figures want to reduce the amount of meat we eat

shows that farming insects produces far less greenhouse gas than livestock. Breeding commonly eaten insects such as locusts,

The insects also produce 300 times less nitrous oxide, also a warming gas and much less ammonia, a pollutant produced by pig and poultry farming.

Mr Oppenheimer, a member of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, said the findings drew attention to oethe need to grapple with greenhouse gases.

resulting in between 65 to 140 percent fewer greenhouse gas emissions than petrol and diesel,

However, even the weakest-performing alternative still attained twice the EU standard that biofuels reduce greenhouse gases by at least 35 percent compared with fossil fuels.

and a mixture of hot gases and some liquids. Condense the vapors and collect the liquids and you get liquid fuel

Study Cars greatest contributor to warming For decades, climatologists have studied the gases and particles that have potential to alter Earths climate.

such as ground transportation or agriculture, emits a unique portfolio of gases and aerosols that affect the climate in different ways and on different timescales. oewe wanted to provide the information in a way that would be more helpful for policy makers,

In contrast, the industrial sector releases many of the same gases, but it also tends to emit sulfates and other aerosols that cause cooling by reflecting light and altering clouds.

and greenhouse gases that promote warming, while emitting few aerosols that counteract it. The researchers found that the burning of household biofuels primarily wood and animal dung for home heating

That means well need to work even harder to reduce greenhouse gases and warming pollutants.

because the impacts of greenhouse gases accumulate and intensify over time, and because they persist in the atmosphere for such long periods,

Around seven per cent of worldwide oil and gas resources are consumed in plastics manufacture with worldwide production exceeding 150 million tons per year.

Unvented gas appliances are the main source of nitrous acid indoors. Since most vehicle engines emit some nitrous acid that can infiltrate the passenger compartments,

that would delay curbs on greenhouse gas emissions until the states unemployment rate drops to 5. 5%,a level not seen since 2007.

and Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions That Cause Global Warming Until Unemployment Drops Below Specified Level for Full Year.

Businesses that benefit from greenhouse gas curbs are meeting with environmentalists to mobilize against the initiative.

%However, half of the states measures to bring greenhouse gases down to 1990 levels by 2010 would survive,

Insects emit less greenhouse gases than cattle and require less feed, supposedly making them environmentally-friendly.

which are crucial to todays oil and gas exploration efforts. Agriculture is powered increasingly by software as well,

In some industries, particularly those with a heavy real-world component such as oil and gas, the software revolution is primarily an opportunity for incumbents.

#Rising Food and Gas Prices Could Slow Economic growth Americans paying more for food and gas.

U s. consumer inflation rises as Americans are paying more for food and gas. This trend that could slow economic growth in the months ahead according to a new report.

Excluding the volatile food and gas categories the so-called core index rose 0. 1 percent

but the steep rise in food and gas prices could limit their ability to purchase discretionary goods and services.

Stagnant wages are a big reason that most Federal reserve policymakers say the spike in gas

and gas production into a special savings account to help the state if/when the boom busts.

#Canned Cow Farts Prove Big Hit in Germany A gassy success. Stall Duft is a small can filled with the smell of an old wooden stable full of gas-producing cows.

The Obama administrations plan to convert all gas-guzzling stoves to electric...Come on hare! You big-eared dumb-ass fuzz-ball!

and carbon dioxide gas. When the joint is put in an abnormal position, bubbles of these gasses are released rapidly which causes the cracking noise.

because it takes time for the gases to build up again. Some claim that cracking knuckles leads to arthritis

or the ankle but it is not due to escaping gas. Tendons can be pushed out of place as joints move,

Because gas does not have to build up like it does in the knuckles, this noise can often be made repeatedly.

The Sun traveling through the Galaxy happens to cross at the present time a blob of gas about ten light-years across, with a temperature of 6-7 thousand degrees kelvin.

This so-called Local Interstellar Cloud is immersed in a much larger expanse of a million-degree hot gas,

SRC/Tentaris, ACH/Maciej Frolow) Is the Sun going to enter soon a million-degree galactic cloud of interstellar gas?

discovered last year by a NASA Small Explorer satellite IBEX, could be explained by a geometric effect coming up because of approach of the Sun to the boundary between the Local Cloud of interstellar gas

and another cloud of a very hot gas called the Local Bubble. If this hypothesis is correct,

enough to form new stars out of clouds of gas and dust. That is our constantly recreating, recharging amazing Universe!

Scientists made the findings in tests near the noisy gas wells of New mexico, which have compressors running 24 hours a day,

Agriculture is the world s largest user of water, a big consumer of energy and chemicals and major emitter of greenhouse gases during production, distribution and landfill decay.

while also easing the burden on landfills and reducing decomposition of garbage into greenhouse gas methane.

as well as the environmental impact of reducing greenhouse gas emissions, minimizing water usage and reducing the use of fossil fuels.

The unpredictable nature of the oil and gas industry makes it hard to say exactly how fracking will affect these farmers,

You can buy from an organic farmer who s never going to lease their gas rights,

coupled with the challenges facing our ability to be food secure in the coming decades further coordinated international efforts should be targeted at reducing emissions of ozone forming gases across the globe.#

The limited amount of oil and gas remaining are utilised still as energy source, but will only be used in niche industries where its unique combustible elements are still in demand.

and today a billion cubic metres of the gas are stored in a facility near Amarillo, Texas. In 1996 Congress passed an act requiring that this strategic reserve,

as well as a gas used to make car tires. Other applications are being studied in the laboratory: biosensors that light up

#but not combusting#in a low-oxygen environment is converted to hydrogen gas, is nothing new.

It will use a donut-shaped magnetic field to contain gases that will reach temperatures comparable to those at the core of the sun, in excess of 150 million degrees C (270 million F),

gas and fluids as building materials. Yale mechanical engineer Michelle Addington has documented vividly control systems for dynamic plumes of heating and cooling air that enclose building surfaces,

resulting in higher greenhouse-gas emissions. A cow takes 8 kg of feed to produce 1 kg of beef,

#Insects also emit less greenhouse gases and ammonia than cattle or pigs and require less land for rearing.

and stopping your gas-powered lawnmower by grabbing the spark plug barehanded. What we did was cannibalize a Hotshot that some people buy

Unnecessary production also means wasting vast quantities of water and energy, increased emissions of greenhouse gases,

and analyzing traffic patterns to reroute drivers-Waste management optimizing waste pickup by measuring container levels-Security & emergency detection detecting radiation, gases,

They need to remove barriers for their competitors so they can join them in moving away from gas-fueled cars.

and ultimately it will need to be easier than owning a gas fueled car. In order for the laggardsthe most risk-averse group of allto come along,

The giant insect forces gas through tiny breathing pores called spiracles on its thorax and abdomen.

Beef in particular is not a very sustainable food to eat said Jamais Cascio a distinguished fellow at the Institute for the Future a think tank in Palo alto Calif. According to Cascio's calculation the greenhouse gas emissions generated by the production of cheeseburgers in the United states

and in other spots before they are discovered even. 4. Reduce greenhouse gases and limit climate change Humans are a gassy bunch burning fossil fuels

and other heat-trapping gases in the atmosphere. Many climate scientists have estimated that the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere must be limited to 350 parts per million (ppm) to avoid the worst effects of a human-altered climate such as warmer temperatures more frequent heat waves

which yeast or bacteria convert sugars to acids gases or alcohol. Fermentation scientists or zymologists study how these microorganisms can be used in fermentation processes such as beer brewing.

and some researchers suspect gas from the volcano may have suffocated residents. Karl notes that an earthquake on the Fairweather Fault a major offshore strike-slip fault presents a greater risk than a volcanic eruption.

and gas clouds and the Murchison<a href=http://www. space. com/23164-supernova-explosion-seeded-solar-system-meteorites. html target=blank>meteorite</a>that fell to Earth in 1969 contained

of which are greenhouse gases that trap heat in the atmosphere and thereby help raise global temperatures.

And if wildfires occur more frequently across the globe they will emit more greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.

Some Alaskans have rejected the idea of introducing an animal listed under the Endangered Species Act for fear that this might interfere with gas and oil development the Dispatch reported.

percent of global human-induced greenhouse-gas emissions confirming that the farm-animal sector is a top contributor to one of the most pressing environmental problems of our time.

According to a study from 2008 in the United states an average household shifting from a red meat and dairy diet to one based on vegetables just one day per week would reduce greenhouse-gas emissions equivalent to the people

Along with other gases like methane and nitrous oxide CO2 acts like a blanket absorbing IR radiation and preventing it from leaving the atmosphere.

There are several gases in Earth's atmosphere known as greenhouse gases because they exacerbate the greenhouse effect:

CFCS also function as greenhouse gases. Not all greenhouse gases are the same: Some like methane are produced through agricultural practices including livestock manure management.

Others like CO2 largely result from natural processes like respiration and from the burning of fossil fuels.

Additionally these greenhouses gases don't all contribute equally to the greenhouse effect: Methane for example is about 21 times more effective at trapping heat from IR radiation than carbon dioxide according to the EPA.

This difference in heat-trapping ability is referred sometimes to as a gas's global-warming potential or GWP.

In general the Western region of the United states was getting hotter and drier during the same period suggesting that the climatic changes associated with greenhouse-gas emissions are likely one of the culprits in worsening wildfires.

and scale back emissions of greenhouse gases primarily carbon dioxide. It seems like we're just charging ahead burning any

The aim in limiting greenhouse gas emissions should be to keep Earth's climate as close as possible to

and scale of the problem of beginning meaningful cuts to greenhouse gases Hansen and Sachs remain optimistic that humanity can solve the problem.

and it also becomes incapable of safely storing carbon dioxide meaning more CO2 a greenhouse gas gets released back into the atmosphere.

Trees absorb greenhouse gases and carbon emissions. They produce oxygen and perpetuate the water cycle by releasing water vapor into the atmosphere.

or otherwise removed. oetropical forests hold more than 210 gigatons of carbon and deforestation represents around 15 percent of greenhouse gas emissions according to the WWF.

when researchers reported in Nature Climate Change  that earthworms contribute to greenhouse gas emissions.

and a 42 percent increase in the emissions of another greenhouse gas nitrous oxide. Â Jan Willem van Groenigen of Wageningen University in The netherlands and lead author on the Nature Climate Change article doesn't advocate exterminating earthworms. oeyou cannot say earthworms are good or bad.

They re almost indispensible for farming systems but they also have the side effect of increasing the emissions of greenhouse gases.

Many of the proposed ideas to reduce greenhouse gas emission involve trapping carbon in the soil

and help reduce greenhouse gases in the environment. Whether or not earthworms contribute to climate change both sides agree that earthworms have unmistakable benefits.

and research indicates they emit fewer greenhouse gases than conventional livestock according to the report. They can be nutritious with high fat protein vitamin fiber

While fructose malabsorption doesn't cause organ damage it can cause abdominal pain gas bloating and diarrhea.

but there are some lesser-known gases that also jeopardize the Earth's climate future. This list includes methane nitrous oxide chlorofluorocarbons (CFCS) hydrofluorocarbons (HFCS) and several others.

These gases may make up a small percentage of the emissions society generates but they pack a devastating punch when released.

The threat level for each of these gases varies based on several factors most notably their lifetime in the atmosphere and their potential to influence global warming.

Reducing the emissions of those gases in addition to those from carbon dioxide is critical to achieving a stable climate.

Taking action against greenhouse-gas emissions For decades climate-change discussions have centered on actions to curb carbon-dioxide emissions.

Now government officials are beginning to focus their attention on reducing other types of harmful gases including HFC emissions.

After reducing carbon-dioxide emissions from power plants the phasing-down of HFCS is the next-biggest step the United states can take toward achieving its goal of reducing greenhouse-gas emissions by 17 percent by 2020 according to the World Resources Institute.

The threat level of a gas is determined in part by its global-warming potential (GWP) a measurement of how much heat a gas can trap in the atmosphere.

It is expressed as a ratio of a gas's heat-trapping ability relative to that of carbon dioxide (which has standardized a GWP at one)

Many greenhouse gases have much higher GWPS than carbon dioxide. CFCS which are used most widely as refrigerants propellants

or the average length of time a molecule of gas exists in the atmosphere before being converted into another chemical compound or absorbing back into a sink like a forest or ocean.

and less so on the potential damages of gases with high global-warming potential In 1989 the Montreal Protocol called for a phaseout of several ozone-depleting substances namely CFCS and hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCS).

All of the United nations member nations now comply with it which has led to the effective phaseout of 97 percent of all ozone-depleting substances the equivalent of more than 200 gigatons of greenhouse gases and nearly six years'worth of total

and is sucking water out of valuable aquifers to feed its growing oil and gas operations.

A laser isotope ratio-meter was developed to search for methane gas on Mars according to Wired UK.

and generate no greenhouse gases. So what s theâ power source? Human muscles. These vehicles are powered by the students legs and sometimes arms.

(4100 kilograms) of greenhouse-gas emissions would be avoided. If 5 percent of the U s. population were to switch from automobiles to human-powered vehicles for most of their trips the aggregate difference would be a reduction of 31 million tons (28 million metric tons) of greenhouse

gases and a savings of more than 3 billion gallons (11 billion liters) of gasoline. It is true that this represents a small fraction of total U s. greenhouse-gas emissions

but it is a significant tonnage nonetheless. Â Studies have shown that people who commute by bicycle live longer

Rising greenhouse gases Climate scientists are expecting the atmospheric carbon dioxide level to exceed 400 parts per million any day now

7 Crucial Tipping Points The results of this new study represent an important contribution toward understanding how Earth is affected by man-made greenhouse gases said Kate Moran an ocean engineer who was not involved with the study.

This new paleoclimate record adds to the growing evidence that Earth's sensitivity to these levels of greenhouse gases may be higher than previously thought Moran said.

Blow to geoengineering The relatively modest effects that this volcanic iron apparently had on atmospheric carbon dioxide levels strike another blow against so-called geoengineering schemes that aim to reduce levels of greenhouse gases by adding large amounts

This negative pressure can make some of the sap go from liquid to gas much as high temperatures can make liquid water turn into water vapor.

These gas bubbles can obstruct the flow of liquid in plants significantly disrupting their lives.

which gas flows in and out of them That stops evaporation to arrest this chain reaction

#IPCC Green-Lights Kyoto Protocol, Wetlands Reports Countries tallying their total greenhouse gas emissions can now get a better estimate thanks to two new reports adopted this week by the Intergovernmental

Panel on Climate Change at a meeting in Batumi Georgia. One report improves the total greenhouse gas inventory for countries participating in the Kyoto Protocol the international treaty to limit greenhouse gas emissions.

The other report is a more accurate assessment of gases emitted and absorbed by wetlands.

To mitigate climate change means to know well where the emissions of greenhouse gases come from

The IPCC's new methodology report updates the methods for estimating man-made greenhouse gas emissions

The new wetlands report fills in a substantive knowledge gap Thelma Krug co-chair of the IPCC's Task force on National Greenhouse Gas Inventories said during the news conference.

The report warns that cuts are needed in greenhouse gas emissions to keep an increase in average global temperature below 3. 6 degrees Fahrenheit (2 degrees Celsius) by 2100.

and other greenhouse gases will need to be cut in order to keep the increase in average global temperature to less than 3. 6 degrees Fahrenheit (2 degrees Celsius)

even if measures are introduced today to reduce greenhouse gas emissions the 3. 6-degree limit will likely be surpassed by the end of the century.

Continued emissions of greenhouse gases will cause further warming and changes in all components of the climate system Stocker said.

Limiting climate change will require substantial and sustained reductions of greenhouse gas emissions. The report found that atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide methane

#Japan Scales Back Greenhouse Gas Reduction Goals Japan is slashing its greenhouse gas reduction goals in the wake of the Fukushima nuclear accident which has caused the country to replace its nuclear power with coal natural gas

Instead of reducing greenhouse gases by 25 percent from their 1990 levels Japan's goals will aim for a 3 percent rise over those levels

Before the accident caused by the massive tsunami that inundated the coast in 2011 the country's sole plan for achieving greenhouse gas reductions focused on nuclear power.

the intensive greenhouse-gas emissions associated with tar-sands operations. The Keystone XL pipeline is regarded widely as essential to enabling the tar-sands industry to achieve that dramatic level of growthand

therefore become a major driver of global greenhouse-gas emissions. For example Goldman sachs recently acknowledged that without Keystone XL lower prices for tar sands

Keystone XL will directly lead to a significant increase in greenhouse-gas emissions and under President Barack Obama's climate test the pipeline should be rejected.

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