According to the researchers STAT3 is activated frequently in various types of human cancers and when activated STAT3 increases IKBKE overexpression and protein levels.
or desserts oatmeal is a good source of soluble fiber niacin folate and potassium. Black or kidney beans--Good source of niacin folate magnesium omega-3 fatty acids calcium soluble fiber.
Walnuts and almonds--Both walnuts and almonds contain omega-3 fatty acids Vitamin e magnesium fiber and heart-favorable mono-and polyunsaturated fats.
Blueberries/cranberries/raspberries/strawberries--Berries are a good source of beta carotene and lutein anthocyanin ellagic acid a polyphenol) Vitamin c folate potassium and fiber.
Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by Loyola University Health System. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length h
and animal studies that a protein lures zinc into key cells that are first-responders against infection.
because it stops the action of a protein ultimately preventing excess inflammation. While this study and previous work linking zinc deficiency to inflammation might suggest that supplementation could help very sick ICU patients it's still too early to make that leap.
and interacts with thousands of proteins to sustain human life. Of all the zinc contained in our bodies only about 10 percent of it is readily accessible to help fight off an infection said Knoell also an investigator in Ohio State's Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute.
A major part of this process involves the NF-Î B pathway named for a highly active protein that is known to play an important role in the immune response to infection.
After cell entry zinc is directed then to and binds to a different protein in the NF-Î B pathway.
In the current study collaborators who specialize in computational modeling of protein interactions helped identify the likely target of zinc once it enters the cell:
specific binding sites on a protein called IKKB. When researchers allowed this protein to function unchecked in mice with zinc deficiency the animals developed excessive inflammation in response to sepsis--confirmation that IKKB was zinc's target to turn off the inflammatory pathway.
There are certainly other zinc targets in the cell but we found evidence that zinc is brought in by ZIP8 to turn the pathway off by interacting with this protein at a specific region Knoell said.
The recommended daily allowance for zinc ranges from 8 to 11 milligrams for most adults.
and microbiology focused their attention on a class of essential virulence proteins produced by a broad range of pathogens including Phytophthora called effectors.
Its effectors are the first example of proteins produced by eukaryotic pathogens--nucleated single -or multicellular organisms--that promote infection by suppressing the host RNA silencing process.
Many RNAS are used to make proteins. However these RNAS can be regulated by small RNA (snippets of RNA) that bind to them.
or signature--a specific protein code--that allows the proteins to be delivered into host cells Ma said.
when gluten a protein in wheat barley and rye damages the lining of the small intestine causing a variety of symptoms.
These substances tend to concentrate in body fat and they might be one of the reasons why obese people are more likely to develop diabetes since the more fat the higher the COP concentrations in the body.
According to the University of Granada and San Cecilio researcher Juan Pedro Arrebola human adipose tissue (commonly known as fat) acts as an energy reservoir and has an important metabolic function.
As a society Americans'consumption of fish especially fish that contributes to these omega-3 fats is quite low compared to other proteins Drouillard said.
Keeping the omega-3s from becoming saturated fats in cattle's digestive system is a challenge however.
Microorganisms in the rumen--the largest chamber in the cow's stomach--modify most of the ingested fats and turn them into saturated fats.
According to Drouillard substituting omega-3 fatty acids for saturated fats does not change the ground beef's flavor.
Knowing that there are a lot of desirable flavor characteristics associated with the fat in beef we performed tons of sensory panel tests with Kansas State university's meat science faculty
and non-omega-3 beef even though the fats are quite different. The owners of NBO3 Technologies LLC have worked closely with Drouillard in developing the concept
whose protein is mutated but still partly functional--it is possible as Jackson postulated to increase meristem size
and have higher levels of fat and sugar. In this study 2. 5--3 servings of milk and yogurt intake per day were associated with better bone density.
More research is needed to examine the role of cheese intake (some of which can be high in fat
Choosing low-fat milk or yogurt over cream can increase intake of protein calcium and Vitamin d while limiting intake of saturated fats.
The latest frontier in basic biomedical research is to better understand the molecular machines called proteins and enzymes.
They also imaged tubulin a protein essential for building various structures within cells. In that case they were able to drop the time from nine days to under three and a half hours.
and characterized with regards to its protein and sugar composition. The antibody was shown also to be active in neutralizing a broad panel of rabies viruses
and several of his undergraduate research assistants compared the protein quality of red oak and sugar maple leaves from trees on the Diag.
which states that protein quality in leaves differs significantly from species to species . Instead Barbehenn and his students found that the amino acid composition of the proteins in red oak
and sugar maple leaves is strikingly similar--so similar in fact that they could not be distinguished during the spring
However the researchers found that protein is more abundant in oak leaves than in maple leaves.
Instead of differences in protein quality we showed that maple trees have lower quantities of protein than oak partly explaining why they are less nutritious than oak leaves said Barbehenn an associate research scientist in the Department of Molecular Cellular and Developmental
She said her work studying protein metabolism in gypsy moth caterpillars shaped her decision to pursue a doctorate in nutrition.
and quantify the amino acids that make up proteins. The whole-body essential amino acid composition of gypsy moth caterpillars was measured to estimate their optimum dietary protein composition which was compared with the EAA compositions of oak and maple leaves.
The protein study showed that gypsy moths would have to devour more maple leaves than oak leaves to achieve the same amount of nourishment.
##Zoomable map of poplar proteins offers new view of bioenergy cropresearchers seeking to improve production of ethanol from woody crops have a new resource in the form of an extensive molecular map
of poplar tree proteins published by a team from the Department of energy's Oak ridge National Laboratory. Populus a fast-growing perennial tree holds potential as a bioenergy crop due to its ability to produce large amounts of biomass on nonagricultural land.
Now a study by ORNL scientists with the Department of energy's Bioenergy Science Center has provided the most comprehensive look to date at poplar's proteome the suite of proteins produced by a plant's cells.
The ability to comprehensively measure genes and proteins helps us understand the range of molecular machinery that a plant uses to do its life functions said ORNL's Robert Hettich.
The ORNL research team measured more than 11000 proteins in different parts of poplar including mature leaves young leaves roots and stems.
which maps out the proteins present in the various tissue types at a given point in time.
and also the ability to zoom in on specific biological features such as pathways and individual proteins.
considering a plant such as poplar can potentially manufacture more than 40000 different proteins. Unlike an organism's genome which is the same for every cell
The analytical techniques we've demonstrated allow us to measure the range of proteins very deeply
and specifically so we can start to figure out for instance how the protein machinery in a leaf differs from the ones in the trunk Hettich said.
versus one that's very old thus enabling us to understand how all these proteins are changing as a function of the tree growing older.
and adapt to environmental surroundings by altering their proteins could help bioenergy researchers develop poplar trees better suited to biofuel production.
It's the proteins that directly alter the morphology anatomy and function of a plant cell Abraham said.
If we can identify the proteins that create a favorable trait such as fast growth then we can incorporate that protein
and Vitamin c did not reduce ALS risk. Carotenoids give fruits and vegetables their bright orange red or yellow colors and are a source of dietary Vitamin a.
Prior studies report that oxidative stress plays a role in the development of ALS. Further studies have shown that individuals with high intake of antioxidants such as Vitamin e have reduced a ALS risk.
Because Vitamin c or carotenoids are also antioxidants researchers examined their relation to ALS risk. According to the National Institutes of Neurological disorders and Stroke (NINDS) roughly 20000 to 30000 Americans have known ALS#lso as Lou gehrig s disease#nd another 5000 patients are diagnosed annually with the disease.
ALS is a progressive neurological disease that attacks nerve cells (neurons) in the brain and spinal cord which control voluntary muscles.
Individuals who consumed more carotenoids in their diets were more likely to exercise have advanced an degree have higher Vitamin c consumption
and take Vitamin c and E supplements. Furthermore subjects with diets high in beta-carotene and lutein#ound in dark green vegetables#ad a lower risk ALS risk.
and Vitamin c reduced the risk of ALS. Long-term Vitamin c supplement intake was associated also not with lower ALS risk.
Dr. Ascherio concludes#oeour findings suggest that consuming carotenoid-rich foods may help prevent or delay the onset of ALS.
when meat is cooked at high temperatures) aldehyde (an organic compound found in perfume) and acrolein (a chemical found in herbicides).
Diets high in saturated fat can increase cholesterol and cause heart disease while those rich in omega-3 and other polyunsaturated fatty acids may reduce the risk of heart disease studies have shown.
Traditional cattle feed mixtures of corn grains alfalfa hay and grass silage result in dairy products with low concentrations of omega-3 and other polyunsaturated fats according to Gerd Bobe the lead scientist
At six pounds per day saturated fatty acids in whole milk fat dropped 18 percent polyunsaturated fatty acids increased 82 percent and omega-3 levels rose 70 percent compared to feeding no flaxseed.
Still saturated fat accounted for more than half of the fatty acids in the dairy products while the increase in polyunsaturated fats compromised no more than nearly nine percent of the total.
Researchers also noted that the refrigerated butter was softer and less adhesive thanks to fewer saturated fatty acids.
Bundle sheath cells and mesophyll cells cooperate in a two-step version of photosynthesis using different kinds of chloroplasts.
and often the goat is the only source of animal protein in their diet explains Rosa Garcã a. The team led by Koldo Osoro Otaduy manager of the Animal Production Systems Area at SERIDA
In a study of 36 weanling-age pigs researchers found that a dose of lipid-producing Rhodococcus opacus bacteria increased circulating triglycerides.
which the body converts to a close cousin of Vitamin a may lower the risk for the most common form of diabetes
while gamma tocopherol the major form of Vitamin e in the American diet may increase risk for the disease.
tocopherol with risk for the disease. Type-2 diabetes affects about 15 percent of the world's population
whether beta carotene and gamma tocopherol are respectively protective and harmful themselves or merely markers whose blood levels dovetail with the presence
Moreover the fact that both beta carotene and gamma tocopherol interact with the same gene variant to influence diabetes risk
albeit in opposite directions suggests that the protein the gene called SLC30A4 codes for may play a crucial role in the disease.
Indeed that protein is relatively abundant in insulin-producing islet cells of the pancreas where it aids the transport of zinc into those cells.
and many other vegetables and gamma tocopherol which is relatively abundant in vegetable fats such as soybean corn and canola oils and margarine.
This vitamin was already known as being'good'with respect to type-2 diabetes so it was no surprise that we saw it too said Butte
High blood levels of gamma tocopherol appeared to be associated with increased risk for the disease.
which purified beta carotene and gamma tocopherol will be fed to lab mice. This may show whether those substances themselves are critical to preventing
It also may throw light on precisely how these substances affect the production or performance of the protein for which the implicated gene codes.
We can't say based on just this study that'Vitamin e is bad for you'said Patel.
He noted that blood levels of alpha tocopherol--another form of Vitamin e that predominates in most supplements--showed no deleterious interaction with the predisposing gene variant in the new study.
They are autumnal fruits highly valued by wildlife because of its large size its abundance and its high calorie lipid and carbohydrate.
The study reveals that voles liked these larvae (rich in proteins) and feed on them decreasing the harm produced by these worms over the acorns.
milk is rich in Vitamin d and this may boost brain power the evidence suggests. So to improve your chances of winning Nobel prizes you should
#Supplements and cows milk play biggest roles in determining Vitamin d levels in childrentaking a Vitamin d supplement
and drinking cow's milk are the two most important factors that determine how much Vitamin d is in a child's body new research has found.
and maintaining optimal Vitamin d levels in early childhood may be important to health outcomes in later childhood
Vitamin d deficiency is a risk factor for a number of illnesses including asthma and allergies in children.
Yet dietary records of Canadian infants show that at 12 months they are receiving only 11 per cent of their recommended daily allowance of Vitamin d through food such as oily fish fortified dairy products and cereals.
Lighter skin produces more Vitamin d than darker skin colours. Dr. Maguire studied Vitamin d blood tests of 1896 health children under 6 years of age.
The children were part of TARGET Kids!(The Applied Research Group for Kids! a unique collaboration between children's doctors and researchers from St michael's Hospital and The Hospital for Sick Children.
Researchers found the two factors most strongly associated with higher Vitamin d stores in children under 6 years of age were taking a daily Vitamin d supplement
Both of those factors were better at predicting a child's Vitamin d stores than skin colour
or measures of exposure to the sun. When it comes to maintaining sufficient Vitamin d stores in young children the story is about dietary intake of Vitamin d through Vitamin d supplementation
and cow's milk said Dr. Maguire who was surprised to find that 57 per cent of the children were taking a regular Vitamin d supplement.
Research published by Dr. Maguire in the journal Pediatrics in December found that drinking two cups of cow's milk per day was enough to maintain adequate Vitamin d levels in most children.
and fat may not affect the health outcomes of older adults ages 75 and up suggesting that placing people of such advanced age on overly restrictive diets to treat their excess weight
or a diet containing high amounts of refined sugar both of which may contribute to obesity are associated with adverse medical conditions
The Western pattern was characterized by higher intakes of bread eggs fats fried vegetables alcohol and soft drinks and the lowest intakes of milk and whole fruit.
#Using lysine estimates to detect heat damage in distillers dried grains with solublesdistillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) are a good source of energy and protein in swine diets.
pigs can use it for protein synthesis. Some sources of DDGS are heat damaged. And therefore the digestibility of the lysine in particular is said poor animal sciences professor Hans Stein.
total crude protein concentration total analyzed lysine concentration reactive lysine concentration as determined using the furosine procedure and lysine to crude protein ratio.
Using the lysine to crude protein ratio as a second independent variable in the regression equation improved the predictions.
Researchers could not accurately predict lysine digestibility using the concentration of crude protein alone. The practical outcome of this is that you can't analyze only for crude protein.
You will need to have some kind of an estimate of lysine or furosine to know if your source of DDGS is heat damaged Stein said.
and fosmid clones technologies yielding 343 Mb draft genome with 18071 predicted protein-coding genes.
and lower in trans fats but also contained significantly more sugar and calories compared to products without the Stamp.
and lower in trans fats sugar and sodium without higher calories than products that did not meet the ratio.
Abnormal proteins from buttock fat linked to metabolic syndromepeople who are shaped apple--with fat more concentrated around the abdomen--have long been considered more at risk for conditions such as heart disease
New research provides further evidence that the protective benefits of having a pear-body shape may be more myth than reality The UC Davis study found that fat stored in the buttock area--also known as gluteal adipose tissue--secretes abnormal levels of chemerin
and omentin-1 proteins that can lead to inflammation and a prediabetic condition know as insulin resistance in individuals with early metabolic syndrome.
and gluteal fat was thought to protect against diabetes heart disease and metabolic syndrome said Ishwarlal Jialal lead author of the study
and a professor of pathology and laboratory medicine and of internal medicine at UC Davis. But our research helps to dispel the myth that gluteal fat is'innocent.'
'It also suggests that abnormal protein levels may be an early indicator to identify those at risk for developing metabolic syndrome.
The UC Davis team found that in individuals with early metabolic syndrome gluteal fat secreted elevated levels of chemerin
and low levels of omentin-1--proteins that correlate with other factors known to increase the risk for heart disease and diabetes.
High chemerin levels for example correlated with high blood pressure elevated levels of C reactive-protein protein (a sign of inflammation) and triglycerides insulin resistance and low levels of HDL cholesterol.
Complete blood counts lipid profiles and blood glucose blood pressure and C reactive-protein protein levels were measured in all participants. Levels of four proteins secreted by adipose tissue--chemerin resistin visfatin
and omentin-1--were measured also in plasma and in subcutaneous fat samples from gluteal tissue.
The abnormal levels of these two proteins were also independent of age body mass index and waist circumference.
Unlike peas beans are attacked not by pea weevils as they contain a protein called Î-amylase inhibitor (Î AI) that causes the weevils feeding on beans to starve before they cause any damage.
Coronaviruses have a spike protein that is activated by a protease and mediates membrane fusion and entry into a host cell.
The location on the spike protein where a protease activates this process is called a cleavage site.
This is the first characterization of a natural coronavirus with a spike protein containing two furin cleavage sites said Millet the paper's first author.
#Wild tomato species focus of antioxidant studytomatoes are known to be rich in antioxidants such as Vitamin c lycopene Î-carotene and phenolics.
They tested each population for total water-soluble antioxidant activity phenolic content fruit weight fruit shape fruit color and Vitamin c content.
The Solanum peruvianum population was determined to be best for improvement of Vitamin c content with 3-fold variation for the trait and individuals
which had twice as much Vitamin c as cultivated tomato. Our work shows that wild tomato species harbor alleles that could be useful for improvement of antioxidant traits in cultivated tomato Doä anlar noted.
Grã ndahl points out that algae contain vitamins amino acids and minerals indeed the entire list of the periodic elements including iron.
#Natural gene selection can produce orange corn rich in Provitamin a for Africa, U s. Purdue researchers have identified a set of genes that can be used to naturally boost the Provitamin a content of corn kernels a finding that could help combat Vitamin a deficiency in developing countries and macular degeneration in the elderly.
Professor of agronomy Torbert Rocheford and fellow researchers found gene variations that can be selected to change nutritionally poor white corn into biofortified orange corn with high levels of Provitamin a carotenoids--substances
that the human body can convert into Vitamin a. Vitamin a plays key roles in eye health and the immune system as well as in the synthesis of certain hormones.
This study gives us the genetic blueprint to quickly and cost-effectively convert white or yellow corn to orange corn that is rich in carotenoids--and we can do
so using natural plant breeding methods not transgenics said Rocheford the Patterson Endowed Chair of Translational Genomics for Crop Improvement.
Vitamin a deficiency causes blindness in 250000 to 500000 children every year half of whom die within a year of losing their eyesight according to the World health organization.
which has minimal amounts of Provitamin a carotenoids is a dietary mainstay. Insufficient carotenoids may also contribute to macular degeneration in the elderly a leading cause of blindness in older populations in Europe
Previous research by Rocheford and his colleagues identified two genes that contribute to Provitamin a carotenoid levels in corn kernels
and using a number of these favorable genes could be an effective way to rapidly convert white and yellow corn varieties to orange corn with higher levels of Provitamin a and total carotenoids.
We now have the genetic information needed to begin developing a major public-private sector collaboration with the goal of providing orange corn with high levels of Provitamin a to farmers throughout Sub-saharan africa he said.
Their research--in collaboration with Harvestplus and the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center also known as CIMMYT--has yielded varieties of orange corn with markedly higher amounts of Provitamin a carotenoids.
and reduce the amount of corn African consumers would need to eat to attain enough Provitamin a Rocheford said.
Fungi get around this plant immunity by injecting proteins into the host plant cells. These'effector proteins'enable the fungi to escape the plant's immune system
and allow the fungal cells to enter the plant unrecognised. Exeter scientists have shown now that signalling organelles known as'early endosomes'act as long distance messengers in the fungi.
This rapid communication between the point of invasion and the fungal cell nucleus enables the fungus to produce the effector proteins that help evade the plant's immune response from the moment the fungus enters the host tissue.
Quality is measured by the concentration of proteins in the plants. Bradford says the experiment differed from earlier research in two important ways:
It is a natural component of coal tar and petroleum and is found in tobacco smoke.
many single polypeptide (protein) chains actually contained two enzymes one of which was embedded in the other.
Further analysis of the most important protein revealed that the embedded component was a carbohydrate-binding module (CBM)
This bending action may bring the fiber close to the other enzyme in the protein so it can get to work breaking the bonds between the sugars.
The groups had comparable scores on intakes of whole grains refined grain total dairy total protein fatty acid and sodium.
The external organ support system is designed to perform critical functions of a normal liver including protein synthesis and the processing and cleaning of a patient's blood.
The 3-pound organ that sits to the right of the stomach performs many functions including detoxification regulation of glucose levels and the making of vital proteins.
but new research says the aroma also summons beneficial insects to the rescue. â#oewhen there is need for protection the plant signals the environment via the emission of volatile organic compounds which are recognized as a feeding queue for parasitic wasps to come to the plant that is being eaten
The research stems from a look at the function of a large family of lipid-derived molecular signals that regulate differential processes in humans animals and plants according to Kolomiets
#whether by blade of a mower or jaws of a predatory insect â#by producing defensive proteins
and proteins account for tolerance. When Kim returned in July for his second three-month stay he brought seeds from two Korean lines--Sukang
Looking at both lines he identified 33 proteins that are expressed differentially in the tolerant cultivar.
and compare those results with the list of differentially expressed proteins from the Korean cultivars.
If the same proteins are expressed differentially in Glover's varieties Kim will validate the genes he identified as important to tolerance in his Korean varieties.
instead for packaged snack foods like potato chips or fast-food style items like French fries high in sodium and saturated fat.
and recommended for a healthy diet are those that have a high amount of nutrients per serving including fruits and vegetables nonfat milk whole grains and fish and other lean proteins.
fats oils and dressings and; carbonated soft drinks. In a second study published in the same issue researchers tie the effort back to a decline in the calorie content of purchases by American families
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