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because petrol prices have soared. Millions of African subsistence farmers survive on less than a dollar a day,
resulting in between 65 to 140 percent fewer greenhouse gas emissions than petrol and diesel,
and has analyzed its environmental impact, both in relation to each other and as alternatives to fossil fuels such as petrol and diesel.
Biogas performed 140 percent better than gasoline and diesel and had a net carbon benefit.
theyre neither blankly insipid, like vodka, nor gasoline-y, the way so many clear spirits are.
Oil refiners and truckers filed suit this week against a measure to reduce the carbon content of gasoline and diesel.
renewable alternative to fossil fuels with desirable properties as a liquid transportation fuel, there simply is not enough oil produced by the plant to be a competitive gasoline on a gallons-of-fuel yield per acre.
The problem is that life-cycle studies show that corn ethanol ranges from barely better than fossil-fuel gasoline to significantly worse
electricity rose 11.7 percent and gasoline 9. 3 percent, according to the Australian Bureau of Statistics.
Gasoline jumped 5. 6 percent last month and has risen nearly 28 percent in the past year. Consumers paid an average price of $3. 81 a gallon nationwide on Friday according to the travel group AAA.
and stand in lines a gigantic, continual waste of time, patience, and gasoline. Grocers, which stand between food producers and consumers,
That's why eucalyptus trees especially the blue gums (Eucalyptus globulus) that are common throughout New south wales are referred sometimes to wryly as gasoline trees.
And since the Industrial revolution the burning of fossil fuels like coal oil and gasoline have increased greatly the amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere according to NASA's Earth Observatory.
None of the vehicles uses a drop of gasoline. They don t use batteries that are charged via the electric grid.
but run on gasoline and get about 1300 miles (2100 kilometers) per gallon. Yet the ASME HPVC stands out among all of these competitions in part because of the structure of the competition itself which gives student teams much more design freedom to innovate
gases and a savings of more than 3 billion gallons (11 billion liters) of gasoline. It is true that this represents a small fraction of total U s. greenhouse-gas emissions
since lead poisoning is the number one environmental threat to children in the United states. Sources of lead in soil include past industrial activities flaking lead paint from old houses and emissions from leaded gasoline.
Though the United states phased out leaded gasoline in cars and trucks during the 1970s and 1980s soil in high-traffic
Put in terms of a global carbon price a tax implemented today could be just $20 per ton (18 cents per gallon of gasoline)
while a delay to 2020 would increase the cost to $100 per ton (89 cents per gallon of gasoline).
Almost all cars trucks ships trains and airplanes run on gasoline or diesel fuels. Manufacturing and other industries contribute about 20 percent of U s. greenhouse gas emissions followed by residential and commercial sources (11 percent) and agriculture (8 percent.
Since the dawn of the Industrial revolution in the early 1800s the burning of fossil fuels like coal oil and gasoline have increased greatly the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere especially CO2 according to NASA.
The drought is like putting gasoline on the fire for water politics Wesselman said. Water solutions The drought however is not the reason American Rivers chose to highlight the San Joaquin this year Cain said.
The Mongol invasion took enough carbon dioxide out of the air as is emitted annually by worldwide gasoline use today researchers reported in the journal The Holocene.
when gasoline and coal are burned Bryan Duncan an atmospheric scientist at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center told Earth Observatory.
%or more, meaning that ethanol often results in higher greenhouse-gas emissions than gasoline. Matt Hartwig, a spokesman for the Renewable Fuels Association in WASHINGTON DC, questions the science behind indirect emissions and says California has overstated vastly the problem.
His work suggests that corn ethanol could double emissions compared with gasoline over 30 years.
The federal mandate ramps up from 9 billion gallons of biofuels in 2008 (compared with almost 138 billion gallons of gasoline) to 36 billion gallons of biofuels by 2022.
which requires that the volume of renewable fuel blended into gasoline is increased from 34 billion litres in 2008 to 136 billion litres by 2022.
'which says that petrol for conventional automobiles can contain no more than 10%ethanol by volume.
and petrol consumption at 523 billion litres per year, cellulosic ethanol doesn't have much room to enter the market,
and General motors estimated that cellulosic ethanol could compete with petrol in 2030 only if oil was $90 a barrel or higher.
such as petrol and diesel replacements, could be more attractive because they offer higher mileage and do not require new distribution infrastructure (J. R. Regalbuto Science 325,822-824;
or biomass-derived petrol, says Alexander. And the plant delays are giving alternative technologies a chance to catch up.
and to take extra credit for reduced gasoline consumption by'flex-fuel'vehicles, even though those vehicles seldom run on high-ethanol blends.
and gasoline-producing bacterial reactors to new methods for making light-emitting diodes and synthetic enzymes for capturing carbon dioxide from industrial emissions.
which is harder to transport than petrol and is made from crop plants such as maize (corn)
including molecules that mimic standard petrol, and could be expanded to work on tougher cellulosic materials, the researchers say.
Among them was a one-year extension of a tax credit giving refiners nearly 12 cents of federal cash for every litre of corn ethanol they blend into gasoline.
when calculating the overall carbon footprint for all of Europe's petrol from 2014 onwards. Environmentalists agree that oil obtained from different sources should have different carbon footprints
Canadian law requires the annual petrol production to contain an average of 5%ethanol, but it has no targets for cellulosic biofuels.
Quebec, produces a mixture of gasoline, diesel, naphtha and aviation fuels from old electricity poles.
Kior expects to begin producing gasoline and diesel from southern yellow pine trees at its Columbus, Mississippi facility at the end of the year.
including increasing the level of ethanol that can be blended into gasoline and implementing a new Renewable Fuel Standard that will save nearly 14 billion gallons of petroleum-based gasoline in 2022.
America has regained its position as the world s leading producer of natural gas. My administration is promoting the safe,
The price of pure ethanol at the pump is so high that in most states it is cheaper to fill up flexible-fuel cars with petrol blends that contain about 20%ethanol.
when the government decided to freeze the price of petrol and diesel to keep inflation under control,
It has promised the industry that petrol prices will go up next year, and that the blend of ethanol will rise from 20%to 25,
Ethanol and other biofuels, including certain petrol and diesel substitutes, can be produced from simple sugars, usually by fermentation.
which will be blended with petrol and end up in vehicle fuel tanks. The plant, which is owned by multi  national company Abengoa of Seville,
It offers only modest savings in greenhouse-gas emissions compared to petrol (see Nature 499,13-14;
Ethanol made from corn stover produces at least 60%less greenhouse-gas emissions than petrol, and making it does not require any extra farmland.
comprising 10%of US transportation fuel enough to completely satisfy demand for the E10 petrol blend that most vehicles now burn (see Hitting the wall).
demand for petrol has fallen actually, and there is growing interest in alternatives such as battery-powered cars.
Corn ethanol is now slightly cheaper than petrol, but cellulosic ethanol is more expensive than both.
Yet its delayed arrival has prompted the EPA to reduce the amount of cellulosic ethanol that refiners are required to blend into their petrol.
All US vehicles produced in the past decade can run on a 15%ethanol-petrol blend but consumers and distributors are unconvinced mostly,
both can be turned into hydrocarbons such as petrol, diesel and jet fuel. Crucially, these drop in fuels,
more efficient use of gasoline and other fossil fuels more efficient use of electricity less air pollution.
The biofuel could go into specially-designed ethanol vehicles as well as regular U s. gasoline most of which is composed of 10 percent ethanol.
and cut down on gasoline usage in all your vehicles--even the ones that never hit the streets.
Not that anyone uses these to make long trips anyway so just be happy it can sip gas at a slower rate than its entirely-gasoline equivalents.
and gasoline. hydrogen can be burned directly in a engine. we can clean any water source
Although ethanol derived from corn for example can more or less replace gasoline even the latter and more energetic fuel packs about 20 percent less punch per gallon than JP-10.
petrol smoke bat droppings bat caves some species of millipedes wild ginger roots and wild mango wood all have this smell. plã Âaeâ this means a bloody smell that attracts tigers.
because small amounts of ethanol and benzene a toxic volatile hydrocarbon present in gasoline degrade rapidly in the presence of oxygen.
and gasoline intended for flex-fuel vehicles could increase the generation of methane. Ethanol and gasoline separate into distinct plumes as they spread underground from the site of a spill.
As liquid ethanol degrades into gaseous methane it expands driving advective flow and forcing the gas outward--and upward.
and other agricultural feedstocks bioethanol has particular potential for use as a petrol substitute. Currently the dried distiller's grains with solubles (DDGS) generated as a co-product are sold to the cattle-feed market
If the synthetic natural gas made by the plants were used to fuel vehicles the lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions would be twice as large as from gasoline-fueled vehicles.
Per unit energy the carbon dioxide emissions from burning ethanol are just 2 percent lower than those from gasoline.
Biofuels are presumed the replacement for the petroleum-based transportation fuels gasoline and diesel that dominate liquid fuel use.
which equates to roughly 185 tons of carbon dioxide or the exhaust of some 21285 gallons of gasoline.
and resulted in cumulative reductions across the landscape equivalent to the carbon produced by burning 280 million gallons of gasoline.
and E coli bacteria have joined forces to turn tough waste plant material into isobutanol a biofuel that matches gasoline's properties better than ethanol.
Gallon for gallon isobutanol gives off 82 percent of the heat energy gasoline provides when burned compared to ethanol's 67 percent.
While ethanol serves as a mixer in the gasoline infrastructure today many researchers argue that isobutanol could be a replacement.
The policy is based on the idea that blending ethanol into gasoline cuts harmful emissions from vehicles
The production of one liter of gasoline requires three liters of water according to the researchers.
This drop in fuel is designed to be a direct replacement for gasoline and could lead to large reductions in both petroleum use
so that the end product becomes longer hydrocarbons that can fully function as a substitute for gasoline.
and replacement of gasoline with ethanol the GCEP authors wrote. However questions remain about the long-term effects of ethanol combustion on climate.
and could displace gasoline diesel and jet fuel on a gallon-for-gallon basis and be dropped directly into today's engines and infrastructures.
Accordingly the 2005 energy bill mandated that 4 billion gallons of renewable fuel be added to the gasoline supply in 2006.
and environmental taxes on electricity and gasoline is the most effective way for politicians to get consumers to understand the problems of smoking and pollution.
and gasoline in the United states. Erik Brockwell will be defending his dissertation at Ume㥠University on Friday October 10.
Cumene is a flammable and volatile liquid with a gasoline-like odor. It is a natural component of coal tar
and renewable substitutes for gasoline diesel and jet fuel on a gallon-for-gallon basis. Unlike ethanol drop in transportation fuels derived from biomass have the potential to be dropped directly into today's engines
This is the same amount of carbon emitted annually by consuming 540 million gallons of gasoline or burning 5. 1 billion pounds of coal.
along with rising gasoline prices has led to the world's largest fleet of flex-fuel vehicles fueled by the over 36 million tonnes of sugar cane currently grown in the country.
Most evidence indicates that natural gas as a substitute for coal in electricity production gasoline in transport and electricity in buildings decreases greenhouse gases.
Labels for petrol and Bergamot essential oilpetrol could also be tagged using this method and the technology could be used in the cosmetics industry as well.
and can generate more greenhouse gases than gasoline according to a study published today in the journal Nature Climate Change.
--which is 7 percent greater than gasoline emissions and 62 grams above the 60 percent reduction in greenhouse gas emissions as required by the 2007 Energy Independence and Security Act.
Native to North and South america the prickly plant can be used to produce liquid ethanol a biofuel that can be mixed with gasoline
We rely on the same resource for everything from smartphones to gasoline. We need to diversify
The resulting liquid can be blended at various concentrations into gasoline diesel and jet fuels without negatively affecting engine performance.
The blend-stock can be mixed into gasoline at higher concentrations than ethanol's current limit of 10 percent;
Since 2010 it has been mandatory in Denmark to add five per cent ethanol to all gasoline sold in the country.
You can add up to 85 per cent bioethanol to gasoline and this is common in several South american countries.
The use of bioethanol instead of gasoline reduces the CO2 emissions from cars and fossil fuel consumption.
and gasoline shortages and the trains weren't running to Kasama. Radiation levels were said to be high in the area
A Scottish university has entertained even the possibility for whisky-powered cars by converting pot ale and draff to a butanol additive for gasoline.
The volumetric ethanol excise tax credit (VEETC) which gives a 45-cent/gallon tax incentive for pure ethanol that is blended with gasoline,
Subsidizing blending ethanol into gasoline is fiscally indefensible. If the current subsidy is extended for five years,
The stimulus bill was like pouring gasoline on a fire, said Lee Tien, a privacy law attorney at the Electronic Frontier Foundation in San francisco. It was a slow-moving fire before,
and biochemical and biofuel company Virent Energy have developed successfully a drop in gasoline and jet fuel made from pine trees in a $900,
As opposed to gasoline or diesel, testing jet fuel requires far more product, noted Andrew Held, Virent's senior director of feedstocks.
the U s. taxpayer subsidized 75 percent of the price of each gallon of gasoline replaced with ethanol.
It has proven to be an expensive way to make a low-quality fuel (ethanol has about two-thirds the energy content of gasoline)
we should now see the real costs of producing corn ethanol begin to be priced in to the cost of gasoline.
Your car runs on gasoline. There s no easy way to change that, but you can buy the J. B. Hunt carbon offsets
In petroleum refining, there's a technique called FCC--fluid catalytic cracking--that makes gasoline, predominantly.
At the time, gasoline-powered vehicles provided clean streets, Chu said. Now we have another environmental problem,
But in the age of cheap petroleum, biofuels could never really overtake gasoline as the fuel of choice.
Gasoline has a special vapor pressure specification for volatility for fumes. They end up back in the atmosphere.
Ethanol can only be made into gasoline. Butanol, the kind we use, can be converted into diesel fuel and also into jet fuel.
and not try to sell into the gasoline market at $2 a gallon. If you're building cellulosic ethanol, the second,
which actually involved cleaning up gasoline, so I know what it takes to bring technology from test-tube scale to production.
A new drop in biofuel replacement for gasoline, backed by BP and Dupont, is set to begin commercial production in 2014.
The advantage of butanol is that its higher energy content means more of it can replace gasoline,
Indeed, energy in general is too cheap in Abu dhabi at about $1. 80 for a gallon of gasoline
000 on gasoline every 10 days, said owner Jim Probst. Larger fleet operators are turning to logistics services to optimize their fleet activities,
In other words, it can t compete against corn-based ethanol prices or gasoline, for that matter. It's why so much research centers on finding a technological breakthrough that will make biofuels cheaper to make.
In other words, it can't compete against corn-based ethanol prices or gasoline, for that matter. Mushroom power Enter the heat-loving fungi.
  This efficiency improvement is enough to bring the cost of cellulosic ethanol in line with gasoline and corn-based ethanol.
Paris cultural center welcomes lawn-mowing sheepparis The sounds of gasoline-powered lawn mowers could soon be replaced entirely by the gentle bleating of hungry farm animals in The french capital.
Cobalt is trying to replace some of the petroleum and petrochemical materials in anything from gasoline to plastics to paint.
we could produce over two billion gallons of biobutanol--enough to blend into all the gasoline used in Colorado for six years.
Cobalt will test how well the gasoline-butanol mix will run in automobile engines. CSU's Ken Reardon, professor of Chemical and Biological Engineering:
The end result will be sold E85 at the pump for about a dollar cheaper per gallon than gasoline, according to the company.
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