defence, education, private households employing staff and religious organisations. Canada includes the industrial sector Japan excludes agriculture, forestry, fisheries and mining.
generate excessive workload in terms of staff time. In fact, some small shop owners, especially those that outsource Web page design and updating, have found it difficult to contain site development costs which
Finding staff with e -commerce expertise 20 20.3 20.0 34.3 32.2 34.2 21.9 9. 2
offers both on-line access to ICT training and off-line consultation with trained staff at local Learndirect
Service users can contact the trained staff in local Learndirect centre for consultation United states Business
Staff Working Document to present its evaluation of the implementation of the E-commerce Directive (hereafter:
The detailed analysis included in this Staff Working Document and the Communication is partly based on the results of an open public consultation carried out between August and
This Staff Working Document also draws on other sources of information available e g studies, participation in conferences, interviews with stakeholders and the deliberations of the
The Staff Working Document is not legally binding and does not constitute Commission guidelines The second annex to the Communication identifies the latest trends in business-to-consumer
33 Commission Staff Working Paper, Telemedicine for the benefit of patients, healthcare systems and society
Annex II of the Staff Working Document contains a list of national measures transposing the Directive
however, be recalled that this Staff Working Document is not legally binding, does not create any new legislative rules
of this Staff Working Document for a more detailed description •The Finnish Act on provision of information society services (transposing the E
This Staff Working Document does not cover infrastructure but deals with regulatory obstacles which still need to be addressed within the Single Market.
This Communication will be complemented by a Staff 175 Directive 2011/62/EU of the European parliament and of the Council of 8 june 2011 amending Directive
As outlined in the Staff Working Document"Bringing e-commerce benefits to consumers "accompanying the Communication on e-commerce,
-mentioned report and the preparation of this Staff Working Paper show that these business practices can affect electronic commerce as much as their"brick and mortar"competitors and
Although this Staff Working Document does not cover networks and infrastructure, it is obvious that a clear relationship exists between these networks
306 Commission Staff Working Document, Accompanying document to the Green Paper on the future of VAT
2004, Michael Schrage was asked by Ubiquity staff †And so you see the customer as the main player in
EUR 600m and a staff of 360. They also established a ventureâ capital fund, Finnvera,
human resources to conduct basic research, which is translated in turn to applied research leading to prototypes picked up by industry that markets the
and subordinates staff*.*As noted by UIDAI, †A cru -cial factor that determines an individual†s wellbeing
staff where the practical work is done Example of Oulu Innovation Alliance Innovation Centres and Open Innovation †Center for
rely on less human resources (Hausman, 2005) and therefore have to deal with a lack of a broad multi
enterprises, based on staff headcount, annual turnover and annual balance sheet (European Commission, 2005. As financial data is rarely
not always offer qualified staff, and because of limited resources, there is no possibility to train the
human resources and the lack of technological capabilities force them to look for different types of innovation partners
Medical staff must care for more patients; patients stay for shorter hospitalisation periods; and the drive is strong to increase the medical staff†s productivity
R&d managers or staff managing new business develop -ment activities. In total 2230 respondents were contacted, of
R&d managers or staff managing new business develop -ment activities. In total 2230 respondents were contacted, of
human resources and the lack of technological capabilities force them to look for different types of innovation partners
Medical staff must care for more patients; patients stay for shorter hospitalisation periods; and the drive is strong to increase the medical staff†s productivity
†asked that members of the staff sign a release form that would prevent them from receiving
Competition for scarce academic staff of top quality may be considered a layered game only highly ranked institutions can compete for very
to hire staff quickly -and you need to be able to dismiss them again if necessary.
on measures facilitating access to finance, foreign markets and human resources. Access to finance and foreign markets will be discussed more detailed below in sections 4. 2. 2 and 4. 2. 3. Examples of policies for
easing access to human resources include the following ï The SPRING programme of the government of Singapore offers several human resources related
measures: a Business Advisors Programme to attach experienced professionals as business ad -visors for potential high-growth SMES;
property and new ventures, human resources headhunting, consulting and market research, and investment banking services for merger and acquisition activities.
-nology and information technology, employment and human resources, and financing Addressing barriers to access finance Beyond its regular annual reports, the SME Agency has been active recently in commissioning numerous
time in 2010 a subsidy programme for SMES employing next-generation high-tech human resources ï Fostering business transfer:
and Human resources that Generate Innovation Tokyo: commissioned by SME Agency, 2009 ï Mizuho Research Institute. 2009.
to hire staff quickly -and you need to be able to dismiss them again if necessary.
on measures facilitating access to finance, foreign markets and human resources. Access to finance and foreign markets will be discussed more detailed below in sections 4. 2. 2 and 4. 2. 3. Examples of policies for
easing access to human resources include the following ï The SPRING programme of the government of Singapore offers several human resources related
measures: a Business Advisors Programme to attach experienced professionals as business ad -visors for potential high-growth SMES;
property and new ventures, human resources headhunting, consulting and market research, and investment banking services for merger and acquisition activities.
-nology and information technology, employment and human resources, and financing Addressing barriers to access finance Beyond its regular annual reports, the SME Agency has been active recently in commissioning numerous
time in 2010 a subsidy programme for SMES employing next-generation high-tech human resources ï Fostering business transfer:
and Human resources that Generate Innovation Tokyo: commissioned by SME Agency, 2009 ï Mizuho Research Institute. 2009.
and to the Director and staff of the Regional Authority for their work in bringing this process to a successful conclusion
A key requirement for industry for the future will be the continuous development of their human resources
The training of staff for the industry by the third and fourth -level colleges, by CERT and by the industry itself must develop
-age and support more sustainable travel patterns among staff, clients and other visitors. The Regional Authority
Such a plan usually concentrates on staff commuting patterns but may also include business travel and fleet management.
through the involvement of staff such as Arts Officers and the provision of sites and facilities
-ment of all relevant staff, in particular RAPID coordinators 108 Regional Planning Guidelines for the Southeast Region 2010-2022
-ral and human resources 10.2.1 Implementation Committee Implementation structures will continue through the Regional Authority and its Committees, local authorities and
human resources and participation in shares in order to speed up and increase the number of spin -off companies at knowledge centres
and technological mediation services, legal advice, companies specialising in human resources training, mentoring and accelerating, etc. It is vital to provide the greatest possible incentives for
human resources and participation in shares in order to speed up and increase the number of spin -off companies at knowledge centres
and technological mediation services, legal advice, companies specialising in human resources training, mentoring and accelerating, etc. It is vital to provide the greatest possible incentives for
-ticular their human resources manage -ment, need to be modernized. The gender dimension must be integrated in research
Human resources: Attractiveness of working conditions for researchers compared with other employment opportunities; facilitated mobility of research and innovation personnel between the public and the
Training sessions, staff exchanges Improved technical competencies of staff increase effectiveness of in-house R&d
Improved innovation performance increased technological absorptive capacity Increase science -industry links Student placements academic-industry
through staff secondments and temporary hosting of experienced researchers The last calls for proposals under FP7 will be published in summer 2012.
for instance, stimulate the entrepreneurial spirit of their staff and students, provide advice and services to SMES,
attractiveness of regions in terms of human resources and investments. These positive impacts are highlighted in different EU policy documents and studies. 102
European Competitiveness Report 2010, Commission staff working document, COM (2010) 614 102 In particular in the 2010 Commission Communication'Regional policy contributing to smart growth
•Supports Technology Transfer Strengthening by funding dedicated staff within the Universities to ensure that best use is made of research outputs with commercial
•Supports Technology Transfer Strengthening by funding dedicated staff within the Universities to ensure that best use is made of research outputs with commercial
agriculture and to improve the safty of the food staff. Finally, in the field of clothing and
from historical and geographical context, to specific public policies (regarding human resources taxation, industrial development etc.
gross R&d expenses as percentage of GDP and the dynamics of R&d human resources in Romania
of ours that in the European union the share of R&d human resources in the total number of
There is also another important aspect regarding the R&d human resources that consists in the fact that the retribution per employee increases more rapid than the economic development level, thus
latest trends resulted from the analysis of the R&d human resources and gross expenditures. The accumulation of societal know-how makes it easier for new ventures to arise and for new ideas to
human resources that are involved in constructing complex products. Therefore, the ability to build competitive and successful teams,
Human resources Development 2007-2013, project number POSDRU/159/1. 5/S/142115 †Performance and excellence in doctoral and postdoctoral research in Romanian economics science domainâ€
The dynamics of R&d human resources in Romania within the European context. Proceedings of the 7th International Management Conference"New Management for
WB staff calculations based on WDI data 27. During this period, the convergence process has trickled down at the regional level, and the
World bank staff calculations based on Eurostat data; â€oepeer regionsâ€: aggregate peers as defined by ADR Vest PL 41,42, 43,51, 52;
World bank staff calculation based on SBS data 40. Additionally, the West Region presents the second highest incidence of gazelles over total
World bank staff calculation based on SBS data Source: World bank staff calculation based on SBS data 41. The sectoral specialization of the â€oegazelles†is slightly different than the distribution of firms
overall. While Western firms in general are concentrated mainly in service activities such as wholesale trade (14%),retail trade (10),
World bank staff calculation based on SBS data 42. The contribution of startups to productivity growth in West Romania is higher than the
World bank staff calculation based on SBS data Source: World bank staff calculation based on SBS data Figure 15:
TFP Growth Decomposition in Romania By Type of Firm And by Region: 2005-2010 Source:
World bank staff calculation based on SBS data The West Regions†export performance is very positive in overall terms
World bank staff calculation based on SBS data Source: World bank staff calculation based on SBS data 44. Overall, the West Region export performance is very positive:
export growth is sustained Figure 18), particularly since 2009 and is driven by the performance of firms located in Arad and Timis
World bank staff calculation based on SBS data Source: World bank staff calculation based on SBS data III. 2. Main challenges
Fruits of economic growth were distributed not evenly across the region 45. The fruits of economic growth and convergence with Europe were distributed not evenly
World bank staff calculations based on data from Eurostat: Gross domestic product (GDP) at current market prices by NUTS 3 regions †purchasing power standard per inhabitant nama r e3gdp
World bank staff calculations based on data from Eurostat: Gross domestic product (GDP) at current market prices by NUTS 3 regions †millions of Euro nama r e3gdp
World bank staff calculations based on data from Institute of National Statistics; Monthly gross wages at NACE 2
World bank staff calculation based on SBS data 57. The auto industry is by far the biggest employer in the region among manufacturing
World bank staff calculation based on SBS data Table 11. Out of Region Plant Size of Firms Headquartered in the West Region (2010
World bank staff calculation based on SBS data 60. Sectorial, firm and geographical concentration may lead to high volatility of value added
World bank staff calculations based on INS data Source: World bank staff calculations based on INS data 62. Moreover, export growth over the period 2005-2011 has been very reliant on the â€oeintensive
marginâ€, i e. 75%of export growth came from incumbent exporters going to markets they already served and with no innovation in terms of product range.
World bank staff calculations based on INS data 63. There is a shift in destination markets within the EU. While traditionally the main export
World bank staff calculations based on INS data 60 70 80 90 100 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
World bank staff calculations based on INS data 64. Overall, West Region exports are concentrated in relatively low-skill, low-sophistication
World bank staff calculations based on INS data Increasing integration with regional value chains, leading to low local value addition
World bank staff elaboration based on INS customs level data 31 Taymaz, Erol, Ebru Voyvoda and Kamil YÃ lmaz (2011.
World bank staff calculations based on INS data 68. While declining value added at sector level is a global trend
World bank staff simulations based on Eurostat and IMF data.**Note: the latest available data for R&d over GDP indicator
World bank staff simulations based on Eurostat and IMF data 139. Building on the analysis conducted as part of this assessment, this chapter drafts
Human resources Programme financed under European Social Fund and with the list of public projects as defined at point
growth rate, relatively skilled human resources, a large diversity of natural resources, and a favorable geographical location. In the 2014-2020 period, the West Region has the opportunity period to use its
staff from West region and other regions of Romania. The new structure could be setup as
well as certain human resources experienced in new technologies, including communications technologies Successful implementation of communication technologies has tangible effects
%Researchers Staff (number of people) 2007,3 0, 93 %-Articles published in international and national journals
actions related to human resources, support to I+D through funding and research infrastructures, support to technological transfer and diffusion of research and innovation
Concerning human resources, the personnel employed in R&d activities in full-time equivalent (FTE) per thousands of working people in Castilla y Leã n has evolved positively
specialized human resources in administrative management •Scientific specialisation has little relationship to regional economic specialisation;
human resources in research entities and talent and brain drain •Decreased globalization of innovation and minimal participation in international
human resources, and development of initiatives •Loss of support structure for R&d because of the financial crisis and risk of
clear incentives and rewards are applied for academic staff engaged in entrepreneurship promotion, support is provided for financial and human
round up teams of engineers and other key staff from other firms. Engineers and other key
science parks and business incubators, encouraging mobility of staff between universities and industry, and facilitating knowledge exploitation through licenses
Challenges and Key Issues for Future Actionsâ€, Commission Staff Working Document (2007) 1059 European commission DG Enterprise and Industry, Brussels
During the first funding phase, entrepreneurs can apply for staff expenses for up to three staff
that are targeted all at assisting SMES in the areas of entrepreneurship, human resources, financing marketing and innovation
Its main purposes are to strengthen the fight against IPR infringement by training staff in
Technology and Human resources for Industry Programme The Technology and Human resources for Industry Programme (THRIP) is managed by the National
Research Foundation (NRF) on behalf of the Department of Trade and Industry. Firms and the Technology and Human resources for Industry Programme invest jointly in research projects where project leaders are
on the academic staff of South african higher education institutions. The programme aims to enable local industry to respond to technology needs,
to produce a flow of skilled human resources, to enhance educational experience, and to foster collaboration among industry, HEIS and science, engineering and
technology institutions. Graduates from the programme often end up employed in the industry they worked with,
skilled human resources in the key cluster industries and strong networks (Potter and Miranda, 2009 Given the limits of official data sources for local-level analysis,
of human resources; contribution to economic development Industry Undertake industrial R&d. Monitor research results generated by others;
the planned exchange of staff (secondments, mutually agreed recruitment and training, etc. or joint projects (e g. with training providers and
as can staff exchanges and secondments. The voucher scheme implemented in The netherlands is an example of an innovation-purchasing initiative that has enabled SMES to take a first
extent that staff in large firms do (OECD, 2010b, forthcoming. Hence, formal skills and training policies have only a poor reach into the SME sector.
Management Skills for business planning, regulations and quality control, human resources planning (recruitment training and skills development) and allocation of resources (e g. management of intellectual property
enterprise start-ups by students and staff. Indeed, entrepreneurship teaching can have a greater positive impact on the rate of new firm creation
4. Recruitment and career development of academic staff take into account entrepreneurial attitudes, behaviour and experience as well as entrepreneurship support activities
1. A minimum long-term financing of staff costs and overheads for graduate entrepreneurship is agreed as part of the university†s budget
3. Human resource development for entrepreneurship educators and staff involved in entrepreneurship start-up support is in place
2. Team building is facilitated actively by university staff 3. Access to private financing is facilitated through networking and dedicated events
and all have staff with responsibility for delivering enterprise in education. An annual reporting process ensures examples of good practice can be
and SME development agency staff â Public administration SMES, ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND INNOVATION Â OECD 2010 181
-trained staff. Partnerships have been built with The french government authorities and ministries such as the Department for the Elderly and Department of Sport.
business management and human resources and some specific skills related to risk assessment and warranting, strategic thinking and the ability to make the most out of
Technology and Human resources for Industry Programme Notes on the Country Data Chapter 3. Knowledge Flows
The supply factors include human resources knowledge and information, and funding. The demand factors include existing and potential demands/needs, and
, human resources) who share the same goal/interest with other users and communicate with them to exchange viable information that could serve as a seed to
Figure 15 presents availability of human resources and intangible resource for every region. In a quick glance, the administrator can understand the resource spread across regions
I would like to express my deepest gratitude to Senator Cullinane for all the detailed work done in producing the draft report, to the Steering Group for its input, to the Oireachtas Library and Research Service and the staff of the Committee Secretariat for the excellent research,
Waterford Institute of technology (WIT) is a third-level institution in the Southeast with almost 10,000 students and 1000 staff.
Big companies are struggling at higher graduate level to attract staff. Government investment in science and technology mostly goes to universities and the resultant high-potential start-ups stay near the universities
which highlight the benefits of supporting staff to engage in training and education could form part of an overall Educational Attainment Strategy
but †rationalising†staff numbers, the consequence has been growing unemployment. This has hit rural areas in the region in particular
and tended by specialized technical staff working in specially constructed and air conditioned centers, today computing equipment is to be found on the
12 The Boskin Commission's findings have met with some criticism from BLS staff, who have pointed out that the published
/services (55,31%)human resources (51,52%),organizational structure 49,08 %The types of change used in companies analysed
%Staff training (21,2%),Providing information needed for the adaptation of change (12,85%),Managers personal involvement in change management (18,8%),Stimulation and support in
staff to plan, analysing external and internal sources of information taking into account the social implications of changes completed
 Human resources  Legal/institutional environment  Political context  Social context AN ECOSYSTEM FOR INNOVATIVE SOCIAL PURPOSE ORGANISATIONS
 Human resources  Legal/institutional environment  Political context  Social context AN ECOSYSTEM FOR INNOVATIVE SOCIAL PURPOSE ORGANISATIONS
Lack of qualiï ed staff ï¿Lack of information concerning technology ï¿Lack of information concerning market
-tion of highly educated staff has a positive effect on radical product innovation, while it has no effect on other types of
educated staff is not a signiï cant predictor in process innovation. This ï nding can be explained by considering
Internal factors encompassing lack of qualiï ed staff and lack of information about technology and markets are also
proportion of highly educated staff has on product innovation (Freel, 2000; Hoffman et al. 1998), but we
http://www. cs. ucl. ac. uk/staff/m. handley/slides /23 Meyer, D.,et al.:Report from the IAB Workshop on Routing and Addressing, IETF, RFC
-man Service Manager allocates the human resources. A customised SLA Manager manages the negotiation with the Government and with the external Call center. A
-gies for handling human resources during negotiation and adjustment. This is still an ongoing task that has required several interviews with the operators working at the
project approach and core concepts to the case of human resources and human pro -vided services
arising from the changes occurring in companies on human resources innovation, globalization, governance and borders. In the study
over one hundred members of staff powered fewer than 10 companies†innovation engines. In terms of number of employees, our sample is representative for the larger
R&d capacity-building in infrastructure but also crucially in human resources and multi -disciplinary approaches; maximising use of generated knowledge through university-business dialogue
same academic staff cannot do everything †and do it well (teaching, research, regional development Academic staff needs to have a coherent set of incentives for each of the three missions
Several reflections were offered about how universities can deal with the three missions. One option could
•Developing R&d human resources (e g. doctoral school programme, supporting researcher mobility †top scientists, postdoctoral researches, full-and part-time studies of foreign Phd students, semester
of teaching staff at university, e-education (e-courses, study aids etc University of Tartu R&d expenditure has grown with the strong support of EU Structural Funds.
front line staff to understand the needs of users and better tailor their services accordingly. There are also many organisations which
communities, front line staff, other sectors or other countries. There are many ways of tapping into these sources (such as idea banks, call for
and develop staff, and to access capital; too many contracts place excessive risk on providers, causing some organisations to reject opportunities to
•Collaboration †with users, front line staff and other stakeholders and partnerships with organisations from the private, public and
existing front line staff, among other specialists, to be a driving force in the design of new services
rapidly testing solutions and getting feedback from users and front line staff to refine the ideas
and coached by Grameen Danone staff. There are roughly 500 women selling Shokti Doi in the Bogra District.
means that it has access to national health services staff and premises. One of the other innovative aspects is that those who work for a Koispe may earn a
environment for a wide range of staff to work together on some of the most
involves users, front-line staff, and stakeholders such as senior managers or elected councillors, in setting out what is required from a
entrepreneurial talent, scouting for good ideas, engaging with staff in the National Health Service (NHS) and local authority as well as the third sector
often, the talent, experience and appetite for working better amongst staff is not sufficiently mined, valued or developed.
staff and local enterprises are harnessed and channelled towards delivering sustainable solutions to address health and social care needs.
recruit, retain and develop staff, and to access capital; too many contracts place excessive risk on providers, causing some organisations to reject
and develop staff, and to access capital; too many contracts place excessive risk on providers, causing some organisations to reject opportunities to
their employees, likely because staff have to be skilled multi to perform a variety of functions.
Having under-skilled staff has a detrimental impact on organisations-often leading to an increase in the workload of other
-qualified staff for long-term employment poses a key challenge in the NGO sector. Some issues included:
many NGOS cannot afford to pay their staff regularly and do not register them to avoid paying taxes,
resulting in little chance to develop staff capacity and skills for sustainability; a tendency to hire staff on an ad hoc project basis
resulting in high turnover rates. All of these factors are compounded by a weak culture of volunteering, which makes long term sustainability a
3. Implementation (health risks, management risks, staff benefits 4. Cost effectiveness (cost savings, scalability, wider economic gains
for front line staff and practitioners, and those involved in social innovation from businesses, the public sector and the grant economy.
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