and even European core countries such as France and Italy have high rates of inactivity 10.4 and 10.6%respectively;
standard Intel Pentium 4 CPU 1. 70 GHZ Machines with 512 MB RAM, WINDOWS XP professional OS
Sample of User Management Screen †User Profile It is important to track social network evolution for every user at all times (Hanneman, 2001) as social interaction
In all the resource screens, the administrator can search for resources on a combination of different search criterions-City state, Zip code, Privacy level, Innovation
Human Resource Screen Contact User Other functions provided to the administrator include maintenance functions like addition,
helpful tips when a user moves mouse over a field, as shown in Figure 12
reporting screens A user friendly graphical representation offers several advantages including providing a much richer picture and can
all the reporting screens. Figure 15 presents availability of human resources and intangible resource for every region.
a ticket status form is designed to displays status of a request for service (a ticket) managed by case managers,
product vendors (hardware and asset providers; and managed service providers (overseeing management/operation Smart technology is also at the hear t of the emerging concept of Industry
order to address society†s core challenges arising from the mega trends The last few years have seen the term Social Innovation being used
As social issues are the core component of innovation it requires the creation of new relationships in
company and society is the core component of successful Social Innovation, with various other strategic factors that contribute to its
to the company and society is their core ethos The companies'overall vision should be dynamic,
rapidly changing core needs of both individual citizens and whole societies wherever they may be found:
while not enjoying the same degree of connectivity as the core network, are still an integral part of the pan-European transportation network
For inclusion in the core network, ports must enjoy significant volumes of freight and/or passenger traffic, have a high level of international connectivity
and by 2030, be connected to the core European rail and road network Between them, these two ports handled 8%of total tonnage through Irish ports in 2011,
if the proper focus is placed on exploiting Ireland†s comparative advantage as a food producer, processor and exporter
Equally IT Carlow has developed a strong network of support for industry and entrepreneurs through the ongoing development of their five core areas of research, Envirocore, Designcore, Geocore, Gamecore and Secturitycore
Core proposals A Creative Industries Strategy 1) The development of a Creative Industries Strategy to assess the wider creative and cultural sector in the Southeast,
Information and Communications technology (ICT)--Hardware 4 Information and Communications technology (ICT)--Software 0 Medical Technologies 7
---Hardware Information and Communications technology (ICT High Purity Valves Japan Unit 609 Waterford Industrial Estate Waterford
---Hardware Power Devices & DL/DL Converters Germany Whitemill Industrial Estate Wexford Eltex Manufacturing Limited
---Hardware Information and Communications technology (ICT Measuring & Control Devices Sweden Railway Road Templemore Co Tipperary
---Hardware Voltage Testers & Power supplies Germany Whitemill Industrial Estate Wexford Medical Technologies 7 companies in the Southeast.
Ireland†s largest dairy processor employing 4, 500 people globally across 19 countries; Cartoon Saloon animation studio which was nominated for an academy award and Eirgen Pharma,
-A core objective of Government policy thinking is balanced †regional developmentâ€. The NSS represents the Government†s roadmap for achieving
deliver short †hands on†courses in core computer science for pupils aged 14-15 will run until 2015 and so far half of the
Global core, governance, business units, services and linkages 5 No No Timmers (1998) Product/service/information flow
core technology investments and bottom line 4 No Some Hamel (2001) Core strategy, strategic resources value network and customer
interface 4 No No Petrovic et al. 2001) Value model, resource model production model, customer relations model, revenue
success factors, channels, core competencies, customer segments, and IT infrastructure 8 No No Applegate (2001) Concept, capabilities and value 3 No No
arguing that the imputed gross earnings on hardware and software stocks amount to such a small fraction of GDP that the rapid growth of real computer assets per se can hardly be expected to be
not only for the success of personal computer technology and the hardware and software industries based upon it,
It is something of an historical irony that the core elements of the adaptation problems attending this
trajectory of innovation that emphasized the"general purpose"character of the paradigmatic hardware and software components
it specialized instead in hardware production, leaving the software market to independent software vendors. 28 This process,
many of the same peripherals, such as printers: because the widespread adoption of the new technology raised the demand
for compatible printers, the dedicated word processors found themselves unprotected by any persisting special advantages in
printing technology 28similar decisions were made by all of the U s. computer manufacturers. See the discussion in Steinmueller (1996
operations of their less expensive (and less intelligent) cousins, the"intelligent"display terminals By 1990, then, the personal computer revolution while seizing control of the future of information
"data display terminals, the basis for interactive data display and entry to mainframe and minicomputer systems.
hardware and software in combination did"empower"users to think of"insanely great"new applications--to
complementary of these dual"general purpose enginesâ€--personal computer hardware and packaged software --has the side-effect of foreclosing the apparent need for more specialized task-oriented software development. 31
After all, if we hadn't brought your processor to its knees, why else would you get
If so, Sichel†s (1997) price indexes of quality adjusted â€oecomputer services†(from hardware and software) would
relevant â€oecomputer speed†is indexed appropriately by CPU-speed, whereas many industry observers have pointed out that the bundled PC operating system has grown so large that more processing power does not
that CPU speed may be too heavily weighted by the hedonic indexes for hardware, inasmuch as the utility of (net) computer power
37 Fortuitously, these dates bound the period in which the possibility of a universal electrical supply system emerged in the
optimally exploit the capacity available on the new and faster hardware Finally, a deeper, and equally deserved comment may be offered regarding the casual dismissals of the
have become sufficiently ubiquitous to provide the infrastructure for task-oriented data acquisition and display
technology has reduced greatly the price-performance ratio of the hardware, without effecting commensurate savings in the resource costs of carrying out many specific, computerized tasks.
core of social innovations is this intention to create something better. But while these motivations might
the adoption of the core †content†of the innovation. After this initial period, their role is
their role is to allow the core innovation to fit into a new context. But sometimes adaptations
their role is to allow the core innovation to fit into a new context. But sometimes adaptations
knowledge and practices among the core competencies that are crucial in creating A Culture of
The core of this program will be a platform that implements and inte -grates new generic but fundamental capabilities of the Future Internet, such as interac
This core platform will be based on integration of already existing re -search results developed over the past few years,
using the properties of the core Future Internet platform. Examples of these use cases are a smarter electricity grid, a more
the Internet†s core and the services that use it We are faced with an Internet that is good at delivering packets, but shows a level
CPUS, etc. and handlers (software pro -grams/routines) that generate and treat as well as query and access data
The governance functionality of the OP monitors the consistency of the AMSS€ actions, it enforces the high level policies
an operating system from its underlying hardware resources; resource virtualisation abstracts physical resources into manageable units of functionality.
clients,(ii) the Context Processing (CP) Module which implements the core internal operations related to the context processing,(iii) the Context Information Base (CIB
in support of the Context Executive and Context Processor modules. Context is dis -tributed and replicated within the domain
they monitor hardware and software for their state, present their capabili -ties, or collect configuration parameters.
, the number of CPUS,(ii) N-time queries, which collect information periodically, and (iii) continuous queries that monitor information in an ongoing
manner. CCPS should be located near the corresponding sources of information in 28 A. Galis et al
-erations such as getting the state of a server with its CPU or memory usage, getting
which can measure attributes from CPU, memory, and network components of a server host, were created.
It monitors the network and operational context as well as internal operational network state in order to assess if the network cur
•RNM (Reasoning and Negotiation Module), a core element of the KP, which me -diates and negotiates between separate federated domains
Testbed located in London consisting of 80 cores with a dedicated 10 Gbits/s infra
cores and linked by a dedicated 10 Gbits/s infrastructure. Validation and performance analysis are described fully in 13.
with easy-to-use 3g USB modems and attractive business models. Based on the cur -rent trends in telecommunications, vendors prognosticate that mobile networks will
-tions from the core to the edge of the network results in sustainable network infra
The core part of EPS called Evolved Packet Core (EPC) is extended continuously with new features in Release 10 and 11.
The main steps of the architecture evolution are sum -marized in the followings. Fig. 1 illustrates the evolution steps of the packet-switched
-nology in the core and backhaul network: Release 4 (2003) specified the Media gate -way function, Release 5 (2003) introduced the IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) core
network functions for provision of IP services over the PS domain, while Release 6 standardized WLAN interworking and Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service
, the Evolved Packet Core EPC). ) Compared to four main GPRS PS domain entities of Release 6, i e. the base
functions, and three main functional entities in the core, i e. the Mobility Management Entity (MME), the Serving GW (S-GW) and the Packet data Network GW (PDN GW
the core network entities. SIPTO enables per APN and/or per IP flow class based
linked to the Evolved Packet Core (EPC) in the 3gpp system evolution, and in EPC
the main packet switched core network functional entities are still remaining central -ized, keeping user IP traffic anchored.
-tion of certain control functions still provided by the core. UFA represents the ulti -mate step toward flattening IP-based core networks, e g.,
, the EPC in 3gpp. The ob -jective of UFA design is to distribute core functions into single nodes at the edge of
the network, e g.,, the base stations. The intelligent nodes at the edge of the network
-dures of UFA, to reduce the number of HIP Base Exchanges in the access and core
-main in the core network. A good example is the Global HA to HA protocol 34, which
Distributed IP Mobility Approach) 35 can also be considered as a core-level scheme by allowing the distribution of MIP Home Agent (the normally isolated central server
Core network nodes are mainly simple IP routers. The scheme applies DHT and Loc/ID separation:
by using Hi3 50 for core-level distribution of HIP signaling plane) are also feasible
directly connected to the IP core infrastructure. Therefore, they provide convenient and implicit interoperability between heterogeneous wireless technologies, and facili
due to lack of core controller entities base stations are managed no more centrally; hence failure diagnostics and recovery must be handled in a fully distrib
Since all the BSS are connected directly to the IP core network, hiding mobility events from the IP layer is much harder
-placing a plethora of proprietary hardware and software platforms with generic solu -tions supporting standardised development and deployment stacks
core Internet Protocols themselves We argue that service agnostic network design are no longer a way to achieve in
Management refers to the ability of such systems not just to configure, monitor and control a network element or service,
middleware and hardware levels (3. Analysis) that can be gathered, processed, aggre -gated and correlated (4. Mapping) to provide knowledge that will support management
The core contribution of this paper is the distillation of an initial model for RWI based on an analysis of these state of art architectures and an under
•An identification of a core set of functions and underlying information models operations and interactions that these architecture have in common
At its core, the proposed architectural model defines a set of entities and their rela
-sor nodes, from attacks by hosting their REPS on more powerful hardware Unlike other models, the Smart Object model considers also real-world entities in
The Cognitive Enablers represent the core of the Cognitive Framework and are in charge of providing the Future Internet control and manage
-minals, Base Stations, Backhaul network entities, Core network entities. The selec -tion and the mapping of the Cognitive Framework functionalities in the network enti
-haul Network entities, Core Network entities. There not exist a unique mapping be -tween the proposed conceptual framework over an existing telecommunication net
in particular, the Cognitive Enablers which are the core of the proposed architecture are independent of the peculiarities of the surrounding Resources, Actors and Appli
network entities, Core network entities: the most appropriate network entities for hosting the Cognitive Managers have to be selected environment by envi
Wireless-N and USB port; 453 MHZ Broadcom Processor with 8 MB Flash memory and 64
MB RAM; a WAN port and four LAN up to 1 Gigabit/s) and â€oecross-compiled†the code, to
run the framework on the Router A Cognitive Future Internet Architecture 101 To test the technology handover performances a FTP download session (file size 175
which are the core of the Cognitive Managers, can potentially benefit from information coming from all layers of all net
Also can be created other kinds of classiï cation, such as hardware software and network, among others.
-tation facility in software and hardware. However, in a collaborative eï €ort to others Future Internet works, the Entity Title Model has better contributions
However, the protocol implementation should not impact hardware offloading of segmentation and check-summing. One reason that MPTCP uses
memory of core Internet routers can be considered a â€oepublic good†that retail ISPS have an incentive to over-consume by performing prefix de-aggregation with Border
One challenge for the technologists designing new hardware software systems, and platforms, however, is to be aware that technology is not
For example, it must be assumed that the core routers forward packets at line-speeds of tens of Gigabits per second, which requires ex
hardware accelerator has been developed for PLA 24 accelerating cryptographic operations Security Design for an Inter-Domain Publish/Subscribe Architecture 171
-dezvous core and scope-specific implementations of scope home nodes that imple -ment the functionality for a set of scopes
-ity implemented by the rendezvous core. We refer to our work in 5 for a detailed
be found in the rendezvous core, the subscription reaches the scope, which can then dynamically generate the response
Hardware subtask final report. Helsinki University of Technology, Tech. Rep (2008), http://www. tcs. hut. fi
run-time execution monitors that can provably enforce advanced security policies 19,3 including ï ned-grained access control policies usage control policies and
Our core goal is to incept a transverse methodology that enables to manage assurance throughout
, USB tokens or smart cards Sensitive cryptographic keys, stored inside the token, should not be revealed to the outside and it should be impossible for an attacker to change those keys
with easy-to-use GUIS and translators to and from the core formal models should be devised and migrated to the selected development environments
out by building contacts with core business units. First, in the trail of the suc
FIA projects like RESERVOIR or VISION are conducting research on core technological foundations of the cloud-of-clouds such as federation technologies
the Future Internet Core Platform project that will launch in 2011. This goes along with increased collaboration on open cloud standards under developments
clouds are built often using low-cost commodity hardware that fails (relatively often. This leads to frequent failures of machines that may also include a subset
cloud environment or recover from software and hardware failures For building such resilient systems, important tools are data replication
TCG) uses secure hardware to allow a stakeholder to perform attestation, i e.,, to obtain proof of the executables
Today, such channels are frozen often in hardware and thus cannot easily be reduced 218 R. Glott et al
& service brokers (2010), http://www. processor. com/editorial/article. asp article=articles%2fp3203%2f39p03%2f39p03. asp
trusted event handler and a trusted obligation engine, which monitors and informs the user on the compliance with a previously agreed privacy
it monitors all the events related to the usage of the collected data. These event notiï cations are handled by the obligation engine in order
should motivate the data collectors/processors to implement such technology Actually, in many cases, their business model relies on the as-less-restricted-as
a high level of trust in the data collector/processor. We presented some initial thoughts about how this problem can be mitigated through the usage of a tam
It provides a core infrastructure, and also a playground for future discoveries and innovations, combin
which allows regulating system resources such as CPU usage and memory, and provides also a monitoring tool, Ganglia, that measures net
using Xen server technology to regulate CPU usage. During this scenario the adaptive admission control and resource allocation algorithm is tested against network metrics
so that resource like CPU usage and network throughput get high values During the setup, the researcher wants to test http proxy software written in C pro
Figure 1 displays the 240 C. Tranoris, P. Giacomin, and S. Denazis setup for the discussed scenario.
proxy unit, needs to monitor the CPU usage of the Web application and Database machines.
Then the algorithm should be able to set new CPU capacity limits on both resources.
memory, hard disk size, number of clients, ramp up time for the requests and a pa
-bed, memory, hard disk size, username, password and IP to connect to the RUBIS application resource.
cpu capacity of the resource A Use-Case on Testing Adaptive Admission Control 241 Fig. 2. The Resource adapters of the available testbed resources
displays the RADL definition for the RUBIS application server The Configuration Parameters section describes the exposed parameters to the end
Figure 4 displays the use case setup as can be done inside the VCT tool of Panlab.
Figure 5 displays this condition where the System Under Test (SUT) is our algorithm FCI automatically creates all the necessary code that the end user can then inject in
listing displays how we can access the resources of this VCT. FCI creates a java class
back the CPU usage of the database resource 5 Conclusions The results of running an experiment in Panlab are encouraging in terms of moving
to the high costs of such hardware. In short, as network scientists, we need larger testbeds in order to supplement theoretical analysis and validate theoretical re
the so called closed control loop or Monitor-Decide-Execute Cycle (MDE) and con -sists of the Network Element Cognitive Manager (NECM) and the Network Domain
The NECM of the Wimax BS constantly monitors network device statistics (e g UL/DL used capacity, TCP/UDP parameters, service flows), which are periodically
the future innovation of both the networking technology that lies at the Internet†s core
underlying hardware and software resources comprise management issues highly challenging, meaning that currently, a diversity in terms of hardware resources leads
to a diversity of management tools (distinguished per vendor. In addition, security risks currently present in network environments request for immediate attention.
Among the core drivers for the FI are increased reliability, enhanced services, more flexibility, and simplified opera
high quality, on a real-time basis. Self management can offer decentralized monitor -ing and proper decision-making techniques so that appropriate optimization hints can
Monitor Phase 2. 760 2. 561 3. 137 2. 547 Tim e se c Fig. 4. Channel Selection Duration
links, which in the core-network segment are mostly based on optical transmis -sion technology, but also in the access segments gradual migration to optical
-demand access to IT hardware or software resources over the Internet. Clouds are revolutionizing the IT world 11,
of amount of CPU), while the NCP+computes the most eï cient combination of end-points and network path to be used for the speciï c service.
The ability to trade IT-services as an economic good is seen as a core feature of
propose an SLA management framework that can become a core element for managing SLAS in the future Internet.
The service paradigm is a core principle for the Future Internet which supports integration, interrelation and inter-working of its architectural
We propose an SLA management framework that offers a core element for manag -ing SLAS in the future Internet.
On the highest level, we distinguish the Framework Core, Service Managers (infra -structure and software), deployed Service Instances with their Manageability Agents
The Framework Core encapsulates all functionality related to SLA management, business management, and the evaluation of service
>>framework core Fig. 1. Overview of the SLA Framework Reference Architecture While all framework components come with default implementations they can also
but software layer considerations are considered not core to this Use Case and are dealt more comprehensively with in the ERP Hosting Use Case
SLA specifies the characteristics of the virtual or physical resources (CPU speed, mem -ory, and storage) and again the costs required for the offering
The main aim of the Service Aggregation use case is the service-enabling of core
and execute different tasks with core mobile network systems that are behind Telefã nica Software Delivery Platform (SDP.
nents that can be connected also in the use case are the monitors of the services (SMS
For example, while typical software/hardware guarantee terms constraint the quality of each single execution of a service, in this use case the guarantee terms constraint
-purpose SLA management framework that can become a core element for managing SLAS in the future Internet.
use of the CPU memory assignment, packets lost and others. The invocation of the methods can
-sites for an instance (memory size, storage pool size, number of virtual CPUS 346 E. Santos et al
The Internet of Services is seen as a core com -ponent of the Future Internet â€oethe Future Internet is polymorphic infrastructure, where the bounda
The use of services as the core abstraction for constructing Linked Data applications is therefore more generally applicable than that
core parts, with Qos assurance is seen. A flexible way of usage †based on virtual -ised overlays †can offer a strong support for the transportation of multimedia
single or multiple core network domains having content aware processing capabilities in terms of Qos, monitoring, media flow adaptation, routing/forwarding and security
avoiding per-flow signalling in the core part of the network. In the new architecture MANE also can act as content â€oecachesâ€,
took only a few seconds on a PC with Pentium D CPU 3. 40ghz and 2. 00gb of
Innovation lies at the core of smart enterprises and includes not only products, services and processes but also the
over the Internet and the hardware and system software in the datacenters that provide those services 12.
Core nodes are linked by an underlying high speed optical network having up to 1, 000 Gbit/s bandwidth capacity provided by CANARIE.
During the service, the user monitors and controls resources as if he was the owner allowing the user to run their application in a virtual infrastructure powered by green
To core network Wind power node architecture Spoke Switch Allied Telesis Raritan UPS (APC PDU Servers (Dell
To core network Backup Disk Arrays Gbe Tranceiver MUX/DEMUX GSN-Montreal (Canada GSN-Calgary (Canada
considered, because no special hardware equipment is used in the GSN Figure 2 illustrates the architectures of a hydroelectricity and two green nodes, one
which is connected then to the core network through GE transceivers. Data flows are transferred among GSN nodes over dedicated
corresponds to the Core Middleware layer, implementing the platform level services that provide running environment enabling cloud computing
Given that each VM occupies one processor and that each server has up to 16 processors, 20 servers can be moved in parallel.
If each VM consumes 4gbyte memory space, the time required for such a migration is 1000sec
-passing peripheral and less developed cities. It also emphasises the process of eco -nomic recovery for welfare and well-being purposes.
-driven innovation ecosystems may evolve to constitute the core of â€oe4p†(Public -Private-People-Partnership) ecosystems providing opportunities to citizens and busi
At the core of Periphã ria lies the role of Living Labs in constituting a bridge
appreciation of cultural heritage) with networks of video-cameras used to monitor public spaces. In addition, the integration of these services occurs in the Living Lab
design of urban-scale ICT platforms, three main core functionalities can be identified •Urban Communications Abstraction.
smart meters and monitoring devices can help monitor and manage water consumption, heating, air-conditioning, lighting and physical secu
Iot Core Platform Working group discussion 25, multiple different approaches for First Generation Iot-platforms are currently being implemented.
sensors networks deployed throughout the city and the core IP communication network), the main responsibility is to provide independence from the communica
Research Challenges for the Core Platform for the Future Internet. In: M Boniface, M. Surridge, C. U (Eds.
/activities/foi/library/docs/fippp-research-challenges-for-core -platform-issue-1-1. pdf 5. Sundmaeker, H.,Guillemin, P.,Friess, P.,Woelfflã, S. eds.:
>/ENU (Use these settings to create Adobe PDF documents best suited for on-screen display, e-mail,
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