size at around 5 million terabytes of data (2005. Eric commented that Google has indexed roughly 200 terabytes of that is 0, 004%of the total size
Towards a Future Internet Architecture 15 common information communication system is expected to meet. From the previous
bytes coming in and out, or getting the state of disks on a system presenting the total
HTML5), the increasing video quality requirements (HDTV, 3d, SHV) and special application areas (virtual reality experience sharing
1 We have modified the firmware of a Netgear router (Gigabit Open source Router with Wireless-N and USB port;
a WAN port and four LAN up to 1 Gigabit/s) and â€oecross-compiled†the code, to
Payload Size Control equal to 84 Bytes; and; Delivery Guarantee re -quest. In this context, this need is informed, to the Service Layer, by the direct
><Payload size control>84 Bytes</Packet size control ><Deliveryguarantee rdf: datatype="&xsd; boolean">Yes </Deliveryguarantee ><rdfs: comment>Example of the Entity Title Model to support
forward packets at line-speeds of tens of Gigabits per second, which requires ex -pensive, high speed memory for the routing tables.
i e. number of pixels per spatial region in a video frame •Quality scalability, or commonly called SNR (Signal-to-noise-Ratio) scalability
pixels from the compressed bit-stream Fig. 1. A typical scalable video coding chain and types of scalabilities by going to lower-rate
Beyond pixels: Exploiting camera metadata for photo classi -ï cation. Pattern recognition 38 (6), 935†946 (2005
-prise will have a digital image (a sort of †avatarâ€) that has been referred to as Future Internet Enterprise Resource (FINER) in the FINES Research Roadmap.
•Intangible entity, for which a digital image is mandatory Fig. 2. The FINER Pentagone All these FINERS will freely interact
vices based on real-time digital data representing digital traces of human activity and their context in the urban space.
ï Research, innovation and the digital economy ï Empowering people, promoting SMES and flexicurity -Promoting entrepreneurship & SME development
the rapid expansion of the digital economy. Retail and wholesale are adapting at pace anticipating customers†changing needs and preferences.
-ration as a consequence of the digitization of the work environment, and finally dealing with what may be considered the real challenge to digital business:
DDS Digital data stream DMS Document management system ECM Enterprise content management HR Human resources ICT Information and Communication Technology
available and storable by businesses (terabytes or even petabytes), through the internet: for example, 12 terabytes of Tweets are created every day into improved
product sentiment analysis 6 BIG DATA Cloud computing Social networks Internet of things Mobile 80%of the world's data is
7 terabytes of data every day Facebook processes 10 terabytes of data every day 220 Terabytes of Web
Data 9 Petabytes of data -Web 2 billion Internet users by 2011 worldwide 4. 6 billion Mobile
phones (worldwide 1 2 3 4 Veracity Fig. 1. 1 Big data drivers and characteristics 1. 1 Introduction 5
the art Piccoli and Pigni 15 propose to distinguish the elements of digital data streams (DDSS) from ††big data†â€;
Whereas digital data streams (DDSS) are ††dynamically evolving sources of data changing over time that have the potential to spur real
terabyte-scale streams of unstructured data from phones in use, services, log files, and other sources.
, digital data streams DDSS); ) the latter referring to streams of real-time information by mobile devices and internet of things, that have to be ††captured†â€
the potential of digital data streams. MIS Q Exec 12: 143†154 16. Zuiderwijk A, Janssen M, Choenni S (2012) Open data policies:
Morabito V (2013) Business technology organization†managing digital information technology for value creation†the SIGMA approach.
Mobility is currently one the main characteristics of today digital information infrastructures. However the diffusion of mobile devices, such as, e g.,
empowered analytics for large volumes of real-time information or digital data streams (as outlined in Chap. 1,
for text digitization 22 Nevertheless, despite its powerful features, many research areas related to Crowdsourcing need to be covered.
digital economy, which is characterized by the rapid and continuous interaction of innovative applications and services. In fact, especially where the company†s
One of the major complexities of the digital economy also lies in the fact that the traditional value chain centered on the offer system has turned into a complex
The advent of the digital economy can be conceived really as a new industrial revolution both in terms of magnitude and extension of the economic transfor
the digital economy Table 9. 7 compares the essential features of the processes of transformation of
the traditional industrial economy on one side and that of the digital economy on the other.
industrial digital economy the whole process of value creation is entirely trans -formed. In the industrial economy a process of value creation starts from raw
digital economy is driven fundamentally by customer demand. In the digital economy, the essential input of the value creation process is information itself, for
the digital economy, is an essential source of value and every business is an information business 38.
digital economy. However, in the industrial economy knowledge generation and application processes are aimed essentially at making production more efficient
while in the digital economy they are directed mainly to intercepting the customer†s preferences and expand his choice.
Table 9. 7 Comparison between the industrial and the digital economy Industrial economy Digital economy Business process orientation •Guided by offer •Guided by demand
Economic focus •Cost minimizing •Value maximizing Product policy •Offer standardization •Offer personalization
•Digital information Output •Intermediate or finished products or services •Products or services with a high
are vital to meet the challenges of the digital economy, which requires a paradigm shift. Companies are called to deal with the Internet and the opportunities of
-nizations operating in the digital economy must identify and exploit economically these specific attributes of the Internet and of electronic commerce and their success
In the context of the digital economy, the innovation of the business model can be defined as the creation and utilization of new knowledge
In the digital economy companies need to continually adapt to changes, which are extremely fast and frequent
and pervasive in the digital economy. When the costs associated with the transition from one provider to another are so high as to reduce any benefit from
Digitization of physical content is also possible by scanning paper documents with a smartphone camera.
digital information infrastructure, leading to a change of perspective on its stra -tegic role as the ††guardian††of a company digital business assets and ††heritage†â€
Digital data streams, 7, 19 Digital enablers, 48,49 Digital governance, 145,146, 149, 151†153 158,159 Digital infrastructures, 49,50
growing Europe†s digital economy..30 Public Systematic entrepreneurship education throughout the curriculum, tailoring content to market needs
Landsat pixel scale. Results were disaggregated by reference percent tree cover stratum (e g.,, greater than 50 percent crown
about the relationship between digitization and corporate strategy. This is a relationship of enormous promise because digitization†the mass adoption of connected
relationship between digitization and strategy. Digital media and technologies are inherently subject to change A company†s strategy, its way of winning in the market
For most companies, digitization is a great enabler But it is also a great disruptor.
Digitization is also distracting: it can present a bewildering array of potential opportunities, all of which
opportunities and challenges of digitization? They are rigorously and prudently selective. They invest in those
and benefits of one current element of digitization: big data. This is comprised of large datasets often gathered
In this process of digitization, the government appears to be lagging slightly behind (35th: government online services (32nd) continue to be reduced relatively
crisis. Technological progress and digitization can represent one of the main sources of potential economic growth and
However, the level of digitization is not the same across European union (EU) Member States, and thus the potential
of European countries in terms of their level of digitization and the benefits accruing from it, a broad classification by
required for a changing and more digital economy. All this results in low ICT usage levels by both individuals
Over 2. 5 quintillion bytes of data are created each day; 90 percent of the world†s
digital universe†all digital data created, replicated, or consumed†is growing by a factor of 30 from 2005 to
over 40 trillion gigabytes (or 40 yottabytes) of digital data†or 5, 200 gigabytes for every person on earth. 4
Much of this data growth is traversing IP networks Cisco†s Visual Networking Index estimates that, from
This digitization of information is leading to greater exchange of stored media and data over the Internet
amounted to around 300 megabytes per square kilometer in the 1990s. By 2006, data per square kilometer
amounted to 25 gigabytes, while today the amount per square kilometer is in the petabytes. 1 According to Chevron
turbine generates approximately 500 gigabytes of data every day. Each turbine has 20 sensors, and globally GE
thousands and the sequence is from byte, kilobyte, megabyte gigabyte, terabyte, petabyte, exabyte, zettabyte and beyond
5 Cisco 2013b 6 Cisco 2013a 7 Mclellan. 2013 8 Top500. org 2013 9 Biggs et al. 2012
Content and 500+Terabytes Ingested Every day. †Tech Crunch Conference Highlights, August 22. Available at http://techcrunch
-content-and-500-terabytes-ingested-everyday /The Economist Intelligence Unit. 2013. â€oethe Evolving Role of Data in
As these digital data become more widely available for scientific inquiry, we will be able to understand
data itself is a way to express the sudden digitization of many things that have been with us forever but were
Digitization itself is not new, but the maturation and availability of the Internet; the rapid growth of mobile
petabytes, terabytes, and more of raw data. Visualized data and the human mind make for a highly efficient
more in the form of digital data that not only allow the prediction of outcomes but that also allow us to make
almost 3 zettabytes (3 billion terabytes) of information had been created by 2012, a digital deluge that is
to reach 6 à 1017 bytes per month†an astonishing compound annual growth rate of 89 percent. 10 Indeed, the majority of big data will
Trillions of bytes of data are generated by companies that capture information about their customers, suppliers, and
Digital economy Papers 222, June 18. Available at http://dx. doi org/10.1787/5k47zw3fcp43-en The Old Farmer†s Almanac.
world today is being flooded with digital data, in myriad manifestations and washing over us at such incredible
policymaking and regulatory management, digitization business development and strategic investments, and corporate management as well as governance, operating
in the digital economy. Professor Dutta obtained his Phd in Computer science and his MSC in Business Administration
He leads the firm†s digitization platform globally and its Business Technology practice in the middle East
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