adjustment of industry to structural changes, encouraging an environment for initiative and cooperation between enterprises (particularly SMES) and fostering better exploitation of
operating environment for all businesses •There are also a number of foreign owned entities (many larger scale) that
•To enhance the environment for the creation of new technology-based firms Science Foundation Ireland was established to administer this fund and build research
environment, based on building scientific excellence in a number of key strategic areas In the last decade we have trebled the level of investment in research and development
Sustainable Environment Agriculture, fisheries and food, marine research, energy, climate change, environment, including built environment, smart living spaces
smart cities, transport and related policy research Technology, Social media Creative and Cultural Enterprise ICT including next generation internet and computing, information
security, software, gaming, social networking, digital media, digital content, e-learning; Creative and cultural enterprise Innovative Processes for
environment to support commercialisation?(People, finance, regulatory considerations, companies, partnering capacity, market etc 2. Publicly performed R&d in Ireland is required to exploit the priority area and will
regulatory environment, and to adopt a more strategic approach to developing Ireland†s capacity to influence international standards and regulations governing
academic environment and industry and are driven by the companies that are involved, rather than from the academic perspective.
international trading environment. Companies are operating in an intensely competitive global arena and although Ireland†s cost competitiveness has improved over recent years,
The PAG compiled a list of 78 metrics for the enterprise support environment at varying levels
environment for R&d investment as well as supports for higher education R&d, industry linkages with higher education researchers, commercialisation of research results, in-company
adjustment of industry to structural changes, encouraging an environment for initiative and cooperation between enterprises (particularly SMES) and fostering better exploitation of
operating environment for all businesses •There are also a number of foreign owned entities (many larger scale) that
•To enhance the environment for the creation of new technology-based firms Science Foundation Ireland was established to administer this fund and build research
environment, based on building scientific excellence in a number of key strategic areas In the last decade we have trebled the level of investment in research and development
Sustainable Environment Agriculture, fisheries and food, marine research, energy, climate change, environment, including built environment, smart living spaces
smart cities, transport and related policy research Technology, Social media Creative and Cultural Enterprise ICT including next generation internet and computing, information
security, software, gaming, social networking, digital media, digital content, e-learning; Creative and cultural enterprise Innovative Processes for
environment to support commercialisation?(People, finance, regulatory considerations, companies, partnering capacity, market etc 2. Publicly performed R&d in Ireland is required to exploit the priority area and will
regulatory environment, and to adopt a more strategic approach to developing Ireland†s capacity to influence international standards and regulations governing
academic environment and industry and are driven by the companies that are involved, rather than from the academic perspective.
international trading environment. Companies are operating in an intensely competitive global arena and although Ireland†s cost competitiveness has improved over recent years,
The PAG compiled a list of 78 metrics for the enterprise support environment at varying levels
environment for R&d investment as well as supports for higher education R&d, industry linkages with higher education researchers, commercialisation of research results, in-company
In this environment, excellence and an entrepreneurial spirit mobilize a critical mass of actors. †•2
Energy and Environment Pollution, management and monitoring, environmental engineering, ecology and environmental science, network technologies, renewable energy and biofuels
Environment Nanotech Naval Optics Patrimony Health Security Socioeconomic Space Textiles Agro-Food ICT Intelligent sys
Environment Security Space Materials Biotechnologies Transport Socioeconomic 13 Panels 90 Micro-visions 29 domains +Exploratory
ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT •Increasing end-use energy efficiency •Optimizing the use of conventional and nonconventional water resources
•Energy & Environment •Eco-technologies Public interest priorities •Health •Security & Space
•Energy, Environment & Climate changes •Eco-nano-technologies & Advanced Materials Public interest priorities •Health
Environment; Health; Security; Intelligent Systems; Socioeconomics Space medicine Science; Transport ICT Rationale: ICT prioritized for information security &
Energy & Environment Energy, Environment & Climate change Rationale: Environment focus on Climate Change the Danubius Center will be operational by 2018
Eco-technologies Eco-nano-technologies & Advanced Materials Rationale: specific request of Renault Romania Group, the Romanian Academy,
Romania-France framework for research collaboration (joint research in Physics, Environment Chemistry, Mathematics. Also, ERA.
Environment Materials ICT Energy Biotechnology Agrofood •Governance of RDI strategy •National level •The smart specialization-aware RDI strategy design process was outsourced by
Environment; Health; Security Intelligent Systems; Socioeconomics; Space medicine Science; Transport -Prioritization and version Dec. 2013 Public debate
In this environment, excellence and an entrepreneurial spirit mobilize a critical mass of actors; companies become key actors of
A favorable geographic location, a largely pristine natural environment and unexploited cultural and archaeological assets offer additional possibilities for specialization in higher value added
TO 6. Protecting the environment and promoting resources efficiency PA3: Education for all at high standards TO 10.
Clusters provide a favorable environment to foster competitiveness and drive innovation. Support for cluster development has to be concentrated
b) Innovation-friendly business environments for SMES, R&d intensive ones especially, and the creation of new firms.
6. protecting the environment and promoting resource efficiency 7. promoting sustainable transport and removing bottlenecks in key network
foreign firm, the experience of learning in leading edge environment, and the potential to gain employment experience and opportunities abroad
structural bottlenecks on the business environment, the region needs to prioritize addressing these obstacles, while taking into consideration the next steps in research and innovation in its medium or
creating a good environment for startups; develop business accelerators and adapt incubators to the needs of the ICT sector;
-technologies, turbo-motors, electrical engineering, energy, environment protection, mechanics and materials, textile, leather, agro food and bio-food †products, machine and technologies
advantage, creating an enabling environment for efficient market selection emerges as an additional useful measure.
Protecting the environment and promoting resource efficiency 148. The West Region has a significant touristic potential that needs to be exploited further
TO 6. Protecting the environment and promoting resources efficiency PA3: Education for all at high standards TO 10.
http://ec. europa. eu/environment/nature/natura2000 /77 measures specified by these existing plans. Management plans are essential in order allow land or forest
environment and research institutes 181. The second investment priority under this priority axis is to invest in education, skills
6 â€oeprotecting the environment and promoting resources efficiencyâ€, which can be financed from ERDF and CF, supports both national and regional investment priorities.
environment and promoting resources efficiency 2. 1. Protecting, promoting and developing cultural and national heritage
6) Protecting the environment and promoting resources efficiency (10) Investing in education, skills and lifetime learning;
sustainable economic environment through measures for using the coal tailings in a smart way; and
Internet, as an info disseminating environment and supplying services and content creating new markets, thus contributing to a growth in economic productivity.
unemployment, transportation or environment. Another exemple is e-education that represents an alternative to the traditional learning method,
The interconnectivity between the business environment and that of digital communications is still at an initial stage,
and global economy, the business environment shall become a major consumer of broadband communications. To that effect, we try to create a sort of mutual
enticement where the business environment development leads to an increase of the offer and, implicitly, to stimulate competitiveness and added value services.
communications performances increase, the on-line environment interactivity grows attracting users From the point of view of the main influence zones, broadband
urban and rural environment ï¿Access problems on local loop (implementation of unconditioned access on
competitive and investable environment) and after the diagnostic analysis of broadband communication market we identified 10 strategic objectives and six
environment in which human rights and the rule of law are implemented and observed. Freedom of expression and the existence of free and pluralistic media
but is this approach valid in today's dynamic digital environment? What policy should we have to ensure that people in remote areas
developing a friendly environment and competitive market for investment in digital television services, ensuring: the compliance of pluralistic expression of ideas and
 environment   Conclusions   The  importance  of  the  smart
nanosciences http://ina. unizar. es, mathematics, physics, environment and materials. The University has also set up since 1988 â€oeoficinas de transferencia de resultado de investigacion (OTRI) â€
mainly agrofood, environment and materials More over, Aragon is equiped well in research. The main research centres are focusing on
on agrofood and environment, created at the initiative of the Region of Aragon and CSIC
In comparison with our economic environment, our region has grown at the same rate than the Spanish average and higher than EU-27 and the Euro zone until 2009.
environment OPPORTUNITIES •The region†s economic specialisation and existing capacities allow for leading future trends to be made use of in the
environment, and food and agriculture •Technological specialisation permits the development of applications in the
environment, and biotechnology •There is potential for the integration of value chain actions and economic interaction:
the rural environment •Difficulty in extending telecommunications infrastructures due to the differentiated application and specificity of particular
•Energy and Industrial Environment •Habitat SCIENTIFIC SPECIALISATION PATTERN •Medicine •Agriculture, Biology, and Veterinary
ENERGY AND INDUSTRIAL ENVIRONMENT Economic pattern Scientific pattern Technological pattern Possible regions of reference Other technologies
along with Energy and Industrial Environment, are interesting not only from an economic standpoint but also from a technological point of view, to the extent that
Environment (sustainability, reuse of materials, etc SP 025 RESEARCH AND INNOVATION STRATEGY FOR SMART SPECIALISATION OF
•†Environment and Energy •†Habitat •†Tourism and Heritage Building the evidence base for RIS3 (III
 environment  •†Development  of  applications  in  some  Aields
 environment  and  biotechnology  etc  •†New  programming  period
 environment  •†Low  usability  of  services  and  complexity
 Environment  •†Habitat  •†Tourism  Heritage  &  Spanish
ENVIRONMENT CONSTRUCTION Â & Â CIVIL Â ENGINEERING BUILDING Â MATERIALS HABITAT TOURISM HERITAGE Â AND
the country's institutional environment (for instance, the Intellectual Property right (IPR) protection or the extent of local competition) may
of a changing environment. In this respect, it could be interesting to replicate this study across different time windows in order to see
the environment for entrepreneurship and small fi rm development, and increasing the innovative capacities of enterprises.
entrepreneurship environments †the strength of local technology partners, the quality of local science-industry linkages, and so on †is critical to generating local knowledge spillovers that
enabling environment more favourable †are identified In highlighting the importance of SMES and entrepreneurship to innovation in the 21st century
current environment and based on sound analysis, that propose how governments and their partners can support innovation in new and more effective ways.
innovation by improving environments for enterprise creation and innovation in small and medium-sized firms and strengthening the capabilities of entrepreneurs and SMES.
The environment for innovation has changed; the importance of new and small firms to the innovation process has increased.
appropriate legal and administrative environments. The key characteristic of social SMES, ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND INNOVATION Â OECD 201018
4. Improving the environment for social entrepreneurship and social innovation Favourable entrepreneurship cultures and framework conditions are the foundation of innovative
â Improve financial, fiscal, legal and regulatory environments. Build environments that enable social enterprises to meet their economic and social goals.
Facilitate the development of a social investment marketplace, for example with fiscal incentives to attract investors
SMES and new business ventures are important players in this new environment They have a key role in processes of creative destruction, knowledge exploitation
improving institutional environments for social entrepreneurship 23 1. INTRODUCTION The creation of new business ventures and innovation in existing small and medium-sized
environment, established and large firms were seen to outperform new and smaller firms in innovation because of a close link between infirm R&d spending and innovation
Nevertheless, what has emerged is an environment in which entrepreneurship and SMES have moved up the agenda
In this new environment, it is the creativity and adaptability in applying knowledge provided by SMES
There have been changes in the entrepreneurship environment in some very dynamic national and local innovation environments that have made it easier for new start-ups to
gather the resources required to become viable businesses and grow them to scale. In the
The Silicon valley environment has not been replicated in its intensity, but many of its important features have been taken up to a significant
degree in the most innovative national and local environments of the 21st century. Venture capital firms can now provide capital quickly to the most promising ventures whether or
entrepreneurial environments Whilst this favours the SME, large corporations are adapting to become important players within this type of business model rather than treating it solely as a threat.
environment in which innovation takes place. What has emerged is an economy in which SMES and entrepreneurship are now critical players in a broader, more distributed
innovation in an environment where knowledge flows globally, where collaborations networks and absorption capabilities are required
the quality of local environments for knowledge generation and transfer counts and that they are particularly favourable in innovation clusters.
The PMR indicators measure the economy-wide regulatory environment in OECD countries. Qualitat information on country laws and regulations, collected through a questionnaire in 1998,2003 and 2008
environment. This includes actions for administrative simplification as well as a tax measure to support the hiring of R&d personnel in young innovative companies
22.4%),environment for business and innovations (35.4%)and business development services (6. 9%).Measures for these priorities include start-up support,
development of a collaborative environment in which companies can enhance their international competitiveness through strategic co-operation (clusters and technology platforms
and further improved the overall policy environment to foster high-tech entrepreneurship and SME development. To do so the government joined together with the Kfw banking group and the industrial
designed to improve the entrepreneurial environment at universities and research institutes and to increase the number of technology and knowledge-based company formations.
Improvement of the entrepreneurial environment) as well as to threads of the five regional operational programmes related to entrepreneurship and digital convergence
policy in agriculture, health, environment, marine and natural resources; foreign direct investment; increasing output; tech transfer;
institutional pillar focused on improving the environment in which starters operate, particularly in the universities
institutional development to create an environment favourable to SMES; funding; entrepreneurship innovation and training; and support to indebted entrepreneurs.
economic dynamics in the context of territorial identities, social capital and competitive environments The programme favours training in innovation in the context of regional development plans, provides
-quality technology environment reflects the strength of the role of government and rule of law in India†s
saw passage of the Environment Protection Act, which was supplanted by the Manufacture, Use, Import Export, and Storage of Hazardous Microorganisms,
innovation is affected not only by relationships with the external environment (firms suppliers, research institutes, etc. but also by the norms, routines, rules and laws that
environment regulations, etc 7. Incubation activities that provide facilities, business services and administrative support to new innovative efforts
Environment and Planning †A, Vol. 37, pp. 1793-1812 Nelson, R. 1993), National Systems of Innovation:
business environment. Training for this skill is, first of all, not usually part of a formal education curriculum.
environments and society develop, this classification will need to be adjusted. For example â€oegreen skills†is a recent addition,
education, vocational education and schools) and in work environments (focusing on informal entrepreneurship learning at work through the involvement of workers in
Universities can create a protected environment for nascent entrepreneurship. This can be an important stimulus for students and researchers to
information that will not be used in practice †such as regulatory environments, industry trends, balance sheet and ratio analysis, venture capital finance, product life cycles and so on
technologies, rapidly changing operational environments and evolving business concepts (OECD, 2006, p. 47. This results in â€oeco-production of knowledge†by the
here refers to learning that occurs in an organised and structured environment (e g. in an
Develop case studies tailored to the environment that students will face â Link into wider networks.
in order to engage with their environment in coherent ways. They need to choose either value creation or value appropriation as their dominant focusâ€
-responsible companies and engaged individuals in a unique environment of shared interests. It supplies the tools necessary to support online campaigning,
â Build enabling environments and implement supporting policies â Specific enabling environments (legal, fiscal, regulatory) might be needed for social
entrepreneurs, according to the form that their initiatives take. Social enterprises, like associations or cooperatives, need an ad hoc legal status and regulatory measures
it is constrained by the external environment (p. 10 Among the secondary characteristics †that is, less recurring features †one can find various
continuously interact with a turbulent and dynamic environment that forces them to pursue sustainability, often within the context of the relative resource poverty of the organisation. †(p. 32
4. Improve the environment for social entrepreneurship and social innovation â Build financial, fiscal, legal and regulatory environments that enable social enterprises to meet th
economic and social goals, including facilitation of a social investment marketplace, introduction of pu procurement measures that include socioenvironmental criteria and experimentation with innovat
growth means making investment in the environment a new source of economic growth Green jobs Jobs that contribute to protecting the environment and reducing the harmful effects
human activity has on it (mitigation), or to helping to better cope with current climate change conditions (adaptation.
exploitation are critical in this environment Knowledge flows The flows of knowledge occurring when firms collaborate with each other or when
the environment for entrepreneurship and small fi rm development, and increasing the innovative capacities of enterprises.
organizations resilient to rapidly changing external environments. The social innovation concept is employed also to research management structures
diversified to make social innovation resilient and sustainable in cyclical environments Innovation implies systematic research and development.
An innovative environment has to offer access to seed -corn capital; this can be provided through market mechanisms and public listings.
create distinct circumstances and environments for social innovation. There is therefore an urgent need for research on the relation between social innovations and economic
explore in what kinds of environments social innovations are created (or are created not What kind of environment and what kind of settings are most favorable to the emergence
of social innovations Setting out an agenda for academia There are three main challenges to researching
capacity to act in an environment of permanent change By encouraging engagement and participation, social innovation pushes the ball of
online services, including access to social environments, community services, and e-commerce to its infohabitants. This study investigates how social network theories can be used to design
including access to social environments, community services, municipal information, and e-commerce to its infohabitants (Ferguson et al.
) and is an environment of learning and innovation on real and virtual level and is a center of knowledge, information management, technology, and
environments, social computing, and services for collaboration and communication and how all these aspects of
environments and to give the user a sense of belongingness in the community (Ferguson et al.
environments and gives the user a sense of belongingness in the Information City User Management
-Enhancing Community Consultation through Web Based Virtual Environments, †Association for Computing Machinery Inc.,ACM Press, 271-272
demand forecasting especially in a supply-chain environment Prashanth Kannan conducted research in the area of Social networking/Digital Cities and
in urban environments entirely dependent on vulnerable power grids? In Transport, will we empower our increasingly urbanised global population
environments, optimizing operations, and improving efficiency. We will see over 15 smart global cities in 2020 and 26 by 2025
environment. The â€oevalue for Many†concept implies producing and selling to mass markets in developing countries or leveraging the market globally for
provision environments, the developing regions will drive new business models tailored to meeting specific patient needs in novel and cost
environment, more time, less stress, and more safety to the end-user. This is what will really tip the scales in favour of Social Innovation †when
environment; less energy use and track damage; greater safety; and TSI (and RGS compliance To drive its UK and
environment and society, they will see the value of investing in it This is where the profitable growth will come for those companies that
environment, business ethics, etc. more than the traditional factors such as purely maximising profit, benefits and experience.
The trend is towards a business environment in which communications †both real-time and non-real time †are integrated to
3. 3 Fostering FDI growth and developing an enterprise environment 64 3. 4 Supporting the SME Sector 70
Developing an Enterprise Environment Key Proposals The development of a Marketing Programme for Waterford and Rosslare Ports
The development of a Science Group (Department of agriculture, Department of the Environment, Local authorities, Teagasc, Environmental protection agency (EPA), Water catchment region, Irish Water and Waterford and Carlow Institutes) to ensure full compliance
Targets set to bring more creative clusters to the Southeast allowing entrepreneurs to share the costs of office space as well as creating a communal creative environment
Environment, Community and Local government; and Social Protection in partnership with local government. It would drive and implement an integrated regional strategy,
Environment, Community and Local government and a senior regional Seirbhã sã Oideachais Leanunaigh agus Scileanna (SOLAS) representative through the Department of Social Protection
Built Environment, Business & Humanities, Science, Engineering, & IT University of the Southeast The creation of a Technological University of the Southeast is a key requirement for the economic development and enhancement of the human capital capacity of the Southeast.
In an environment where educational attainment is low, the Further Education sector can provide an ideal stepping stone to a learner, with the potential of supporting them from a low skills level right up through the qualifications system
3. 3 Fostering FDI growth and developing an enterprise environment Fostering FDI Growth A recurring theme in the consultations for this report,
Developing an enterprise environment The National Asset management Agency (NAMA) was established in December 2009 by the Government to address the serious problems which arose in the banking sector as the result of excessive property lending
Developing an Enterprise Environment Key Proposals The development of a Marketing Programme for Waterford and Rosslare Ports
Since 2008, Ireland has seen a marked decline in its business environment, reflected in the number of layoffs and the collapse in private sector investment in the economy.
A key component of any job creation plan in such an environment has to be the prioritising of job retention policies.
a Science Group, involving the Department of agriculture, the Department of the Environment, Local authorities, Teagasc, the EPA, Water catchment region,
The development of a Science Group (Department of agriculture, Department of the Environment, Local authorities, Teagasc, EPA, Water catchment region, Irish Water and Waterford and Carlow Institutes) to ensure full compliance with the Water Framework Directive
excellence through the creation of an integrated environment where entrepreneurs, business start-ups, researchers and students are located co
Dublin†s Digital Hub and Fumbally Exchange both offer low cost models of cluster-based hubs that should be considered for the Southeast for entrepreneurs who can share the costs of office space as well as creating a communal creative environment
and creates an environment where the colleges could assess the potential to develop further offerings in the creative sector
•Targets set to bring more creative clusters to the Southeast allowing entrepreneurs to share the costs of office space as well as creating a communal creative environment
ever-changing business environment. Last year, the European commission said the EU would lack 700,000 workers in the ICT
of open learning environments, open education theories, new business models open education computational tools, and new and emerging technologies in the
technology-enabled and digitally interconnected environment characterized by new affordances, structures, and rules (El Sawy et al. 1999).
services, societal environment 7 No No Osterwalder and Pignuer (2009 Customer segments, value propositions, channels
a tool or environment that is kept at arm†s length from business activities (El Sawy 2003).
Responding to the velocity and turbulence of the environment, and taking advantages of the affordances of digital technology, firms and groups of
Environment IT as Fabric Fig. 2. 2 Changing role of technology in business 2. 2 Why Digital Business models 19
application environments was the widespread use of the IBM 3270, the DEC VT-100 and other standards for"intelligent
computer and mainframe environment by developing the intermediate solution of client-server data processing systems. This development is still very much in progress
networked environment, the re-configuration of work organization becomes a central issue; strategic and practical issues surrounding the ownership
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