services to European citizens, irrespective of where they are. This is made possible by granting online access to personal health information
telemedicine services The smart use of technologies and innovation can help to address the challenges
improved quality of services and reduced healthcare costs But how can we achieve this The Digital Agenda for Europe has defined a number of objectives,
telemedicine services should be widely deployed. To reach these objectives, the ehealth Network, which is composed
Interoperable ehealth services within and between national healthcare systems. It includes a series of measures,
On a practical level, ehealth services, just as other electronic public services, rely on digital infrastructure: effective and fast broadband connections are key to the
spread of telemedicine services. In 2011,95%EU citizens had â€oebasic broadband†access, meaning that the Digital Agenda for Europe†s target of 100%broadband
to the European emergency services (112 emergency number) and the potentialities of the European Health insurance card, a document shared by all persons insured
The widespread usage of telemedicine services †based on interaction between doctors and patients or among health professionals through electronic media †is an
PHS) †devices which enable the provision of personalised health services regardless the patient†s location †the market is developed not yet on a large scale.
The Renewing Health project seeks to deliver telemedicine and PHS services to the large segment of the population suffering from Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary
-centred PHS and telemedicine services using a common rigorous assessment method MAST). ) The ultimate goal is to demonstrate that PHS and telemedicine services
are sustainable and improve the quality of life. Moreover, they enable patients†involvement and empowerment while optimising the use of resources in healthcare
effects of telemedicine services and PHS. Nine European Regions and partners collaborate to manage issues such as integration, patients†involvement and user perceptions, as well
The attitude of the end user is key to allow the diffusion of telehealth services. The
health and care services related to diagnosis, treatment, care, rehabilitation and health promotion. Changes in lifestyle, empowerment of patients and relatives and
Integrated Care Services (ICS) for chronic patients (respiratory, cardiac and type II diabetes mellitus) including well standardized patient-centred interventions
further development of Integrated Care Services NEXES Specific achievements of the project have been •Development of Integrated Care Services for chronic patients with enhanced
effectiveness and reduced costs •Consolidation of an open source modular Health Information Sharing Platform supporting organizational interoperability among actors and clinical decision support
•Strategies for scalability of the ICT services at regional level http://www. nexeshealth. eu
The pilot project Dreaming developed a solution that integrates different services such as tele-care, tele-medicine and elderly-friendly videoconference), which help to
The services were tested in six pilot sites across Europe over the last 24 months of
The final results showed that the services were accepted well by the trial participants, whose majority experienced an increased sense of security
In the same field, the recently ended Living Lab on Wellbeing Services and Technology project, funded by the European Structural Funds, investigated usersâ€
•Runtime support, a software environment providing services for the execution of AAL applications •Development support,
and SMES with the research base to develop products and services for innovation in healthcare.
services can automatically adapt their user interface to the specific impairments and preferences of elderly users.
GUIDE puts a dedicated focus on the emerging Web & TV platforms and services (Connected TVS, Set-Top Boxes, etc..
basic services to citizens (e g. personal documents and certificates income taxes and job search tools) and businesses (e g. company
years, there has been a steady increase in the â€oeinteractive†use of these services such as the downloading of official forms
and specific needs, such as services for online registration of new companies or getting the unemployment rights, are not
contribute to the production of egovernment services or even policy-making. This will influence public administrations to become more open, transparent and accountable
from on-line services in other EU Member States as easily as they do at home, and
personalisation of services to better respond to users†needs and the promotion of more open, proactive and transparent administrations
-border e-Government services in the EU single market. The ultimate goal is to make
Services †STORK, PEPPOL, SPOCS and e-CODEX Cross-border public services for an easier life
access public egovernment services in other Member States, in full respect of data protection and privacy rules
to expand the identification services to legal entities representatives and mandates, as well as to explore the
eprocurement is one of the high impact services with the potential to represent an important portion of
of goods, services and works by the EU public sector is estimated to be almost 20%of EU GDP (2010 figures.
•Cross-border eid services in real life settings (pilots in elearning and Academic Qualifications, ebanking, Public services for Businesses and ehealth
specifications, building blocks and services and promoting implementation across Europe The European services sector accounts for 75%of the EU€ s GDP and employment
and the 4. 4 million firms in this sector generate 95%of all new jobs. Benefiting from
next generation of Points of Single Contact (PSCS) †intermediaries between services providers and national public administrations as foreseen in the Internal Market
Services Directive. The Points of Single Contact are â€oeone-stop shops†that fulfil two main functions:
the interoperability between national egovernment services is poor. In this context SPOCS has been aiming to take down barriers to cross-border business
services infrastructures to unlock the potential of European public services. The CEF is foreseen to be a new funding instrument that the Commission is proposing to support
in the provision of cross-border digital services in key areas including eprocurement e-CODEX
identity for anyone accessing the services network 1 http://ec. europa. eu/budget/reform/documents/com2011 0665 en. pdf
-centred services (e g. searchable inventories on national migration policies and related legislation). ) The key objective is to facilitate citizens†involvement in immigration
The projects proposes a single entry point to a range of services, including •Data repositories
•Search Services •Knowledge Harvesting and Content Extraction Services •A Governmental Management and Modelling Service (GMMS
•Migration Policy synchronization and homogenization services •Open Debate Suport Services (ODSS http://www. immigrationpolicy2. eu
Funded by the ICT Policy Support Programme (ICT PSP -Competitiveness & Innovation Programme (CIP Duration:
2010-2013 31 Moving public services to the Cloud Public administration are organised often in silos: monolithic architecture models
make it difficult to reuse services for the development of new applications. What if these services were connected
and the access to information opened up? The European commission is currently testing the potential of a
more intelligent services by using and combining data integrated seamlessly through the Cloud The Open-DAI project (2012-2014) will test the efficiency and added value of
organizations of developing new collaborative services in areas such as transport and mobility, localization and geographic information,
deploy services, as part of a Cloud of e-Government services that supports the granting of environmental licensing procedures to citizens and businesses.
At the same time it supports public participation, consultation and transparency in policy making http://www. eenviper. eu
impossibility of finding information and services provided by local public authorities on the internet. Information currently available is segmented often
of customer and businesses information and better adapt public e-services to the needs of people and businesses.
thus seeking to make services more accessible, user friendly, efficient and less expensive for the taxpayer
ICT services and devices have become an integral part of our way of life and even of our culture
trust in ICT services and devices, a twofold approach is needed 1 The definition of legal frameworks to protect us from any disruption of, or
attack on, our services and devices. To meet this requirement, the European Commission will propose the EU€ s Strategy for Cyber security.
regulatory environment for electronic identification and trust services for electronic transaction in the internal market to boost the user convenience
processes, participation in virtual communities or the use of personalised services maintaining lifelong privacy control
variety of applications and services. Examples include banking transactions, voice over IP, e-government services, e-commerce and business-to-business interactions
Trustworthy applications and services, and their underlying software-based service platforms, are a prerequisite for the use and uptake of innovative business models
and services that benefit the further development and growth of the European economy The Future Internet will provide an environment in which a diverse range of services
are offered by a diverse range of suppliers. Users are likely to unknowingly invoke underlying services in a dynamic and ad hoc manner.
Moving from today†s static services, we will see service consumers that mix and match service components
depending on attributes such as availability, quality, price and security Thus, the applications that end users see may be composed of multiple services
from many different providers. The consequence is that the end user may have little guarantee that a particular service
or service supplier will actually offer the security claimed The ANIKETOS project will help to establish and maintain
services Tabula rasa Trusted Biometrics under Spoofing Attacks The project will •address the need for a draft set of standards to examine the problem of spoofing
and trusted composite services ANIKETOS The project is addressed to all service users, developers and suppliers.
and carbon footprint of ICT goods, services and companies •the support of partnerships between the ICT sector and major emitting sectors
benefits that ICT and ITS (intelligent transport systems) applications and services can bring to safer, cleaner and more energy-efficient mobility of people and goods
developed new information tools and services to help turn citizens into active energy-saving players.
services directly to tenants, allowing them to quickly and easily obtain information on their energy consumption through a web-based platform
for executing business services and a repository for the storage, management, and dissemination of data in which the mechanical, lighting, electrical and computer
strategies by moving computation and services around a federation of data centres sites. The project expects to provide at least 20
Cooperative mobility systems and services for energy efficiency The project will tackle three main causes of avoidable energy use by road vehicles
services, this leads to various types of reorganization of value chains for efficiency reasons, i e related with time,
Use of E-services: shopping, banking education, entertainment, government services On-line, last minute, booking (flights
hotels, holidays, theatre Reduces travel needs for routine transactions, but may cause increase of travel demand to central places with high-level
services (e g. to enjoy â€oeshopping experienceâ€. May add extra mode Causes new travel demand due to lower consumer prices
services Reduces transport for ordering and delivery of nonmaterial goods (e g music, software; may add an extra mode
Layer 2. Services on the infrastructure Public transport services services for maintenance and transport management Public transport companies
Operators of links and nodes ICT system manufacturers Public authorities Providing/preventing access of public transport
services to persons Matching different services Layer 1. Physical infrastructure (links and nodes Rail, road, airline, pipelines
waterways, etc Infrastructure providers Infrastructure owners Public authorities Providing/preventing access of infrastructure links and nodes to vehicles
Figure 2. A simplified layer model of the transport system Impacts of interest for our analysis are generated mainly in the layer of vehicle flow (3) and the
shops, services, etc. and the length of stays are used as an input, enabling an overall space-time
Micro-enterprises and SMES benefitting from a voucher can exchange the latter against ICT services, including
services from private companies, universities, research centres and other accredited ICT knowledge and service providers.
The voucher provides the company with easy access to specialist services, such as creating a business website and using it profitably,
from senior officials from the Health Services Executive, the Department of health and Children, the Department of Finance and the Health Information and Quality Authority
easily accessible integrated health services, centred around the patient who moves seamlessly from primary care to acute hospitals and back again.
healthcare services and healthcare ICT systems for the global market. In this way we will establish valuable assets for the new smart economy
cancer services are reaching world class standards with increasing survival rates. The substantial progress achieved has recently been indicated in the Euro Health Consumer
European health services reviewed. However in some fundamental areas we lag behind our European peers.
effort to manage the growth of private healthcare services. In the U s. the Obama administration is locked in a bid to expand America†s public healthcare
services have not been exploited, with excessive levels of staffing across multiple procurement offices, labs and other facilities.
healthcare services, and providing easier, faster and more equitable access to safe medical care. High level targets are usually set,
â€oeeverybody will have easy access to high quality care and services that they have confidence in and staff are proud to provideâ€
The expectation that citizens have of healthcare services continues to rise, and steps need to be taken to understand
At the same time, the adoption of mobile and digital services in other areas of life will cause many to question why they have to travel to obtain medical care,
†Effective†is about providing services based on scientific knowledge, also known as evidence-based medicine. The online availability of systematic reviews of medical
Telemedicine consists of a series of technologies that enable care services to be provided remotely.
citywide health services and defined nine health districts that each serve a certain geographic, population and administrative space.
services in the patient's home through home health monitoring â â â Availability of entire
more effective delivery of high calibre services from the overall investment in our health service, the ICT-enabled improvements will enhance the reputation of the service in the
or consumers of medical services, depending on their capabilities and capacities Clearly one of the factors that will influence Ireland†s reputation in those markets is our
healthcare services to the rapidly growing international market Stimulate direct job creation and business opportunities: Provide a stimulus to the
healthcare services and healthcare ICT systems for the global market. In this way we will establish valuable assets for the new smart economy
-assembly services, which form only a small portion of the iphone†s final price. Accounting
To ensure the adoption of new healthcare services, the new innovative technologies need to be complemented with new methods that can help patients
The high bandwidth connectivity provided by the Internet enables new services to support citizens in their daily lives.
An important category of these services is healthcare services. The first examples of these services already exist today, and soon
new services will emerge offering increased sophistication and improved but cheaper healthcare. An exponential growth of these services is expected, due to two tenden
-cies. First, demand for care and cure will increase over the next decades caused by the
ageing population (within 40 years, one in every four people will be over 60. Sec -ondly, the number of healthcare workers is expected to diminish relative to the total
population (without changes to the healthcare system, 25%of the working population would be needed to provide today†s level of care by 2040 in a typical western coun
) New ICT supported healthcare services can overcome this problem by allowing people not to rely only on traditional care.
healthcare services, the new innovative technologies need to be complemented with new methods that can address related ethical and societal issues
Current home healthcare services are rudi -mentary in nature. Often they rely on call centers or nurses visiting the patient while
-tion of healthcare services by clients (patients), by caregivers and by the parties that are financially responsible
healthcare services. Home healthcare services aim to support people who are chroni -cally ill or who are rehabilitating.
These services gather patient†s sensitive infor -mation that is then interpreted by medical professionals to manage their diseases.
The adoption of such services, however, hardly relies on the patients†trust in a healthcare
service provider in terms of privacy of the data chain and physicians†trust in the reli -ability of information and data contributed by patients.
ï How can patients use home healthcare services while ensuring their privacy and controlling the use of information in a simple intuitive way
services. Section 4 discusses trust management for home healthcare services. Finally Section 5 concludes the paper providing directions for future work
2 ICT innovation in Healthcare The advance of ICT technologies is leading to the design of novel electronic
healthcare services that improve people†s health and well-being but also extend be -yond the individual towards sustainability of our society.
stay at home), and provide faster and cheaper healthcare services. On the other hand they are exposed to different security and safety threats as the patient is far from
3 Trusted Healthcare Services Electronic healthcare services offer important economic and social benefits for our
society. Patients rely on these services for their safety and care and for improving their quality of life.
For physicians, electronic health and wellness services offer sup -port for providing more effective and continuous Care for insurers and governments
these services bring a reduction of costs, and for commercial service providers, this is a new business opportunity.
However, electronic healthcare services cannot be ex -ploited until the trust question has been addressed in a fundamentally correct way
Indeed, trust is a prerequisite for the acceptance of these services by end users Trust establishment is crucial for physicians
and service providers as they will use healthcare services to implement and extent (medical) treatments.
In particular healthcare providers need to trust the patient data they obtain remotely from the measurement devices deployed in patient†s home.
In a healthcare setting, trust is also of special relevance because healthcare services deal with very personal and private information.
Home healthcare services monitor patients and gather data that is interpreted by medical professionals. Health and well
-ness services support people in need in many ways on the basis of personal and health
To facilitate the acceptance of electronic healthcare services, it is necessary to de -velop the technology that help end-users to establish trust in healthcare service pro
-vacy and security) for healthcare services. THECS is a Dutch national project in the COMMIT program with 11 partners including representatives from industry, Dutch
of the key issues for new electronic healthcare services. It will create measurable and enforceable trust.
This notion is new for electronic healthcare services (and for Inter -net services in general), and it is fundamental for their success. The objective of
THECS is to create new techniques for measuring and controlling the reliability and use of (healthcare) information.
trust each other and to benefit from these new services The concrete goal of the THECS project is to create and define
services. The spectrum of healthcare services is very wide, ranging from formal medical services to pure commercial services that support every day activities.
Of -ten these services share information. It is this integration of services from different domains and information sharing that is of particular interest
ï A technical protocol to reliably assess the quality of medical data (e g.,, blood pres
-sure) measured by patients at home, e g.,, identification of the patient, compliance with measurement protocol, certification of the measurement device
ï A cryptographic technology that enables health service providers to process en -crypted medical information so that only intended operations are possible and that
healthcare services 4 Trust Management for Home Healthcare Services Home healthcare services have been proposed to decrease the cost of healthcare while
making it more comfortable for the patient. These services aim to support people who are chronically ill (e g.,
, post-stroke, diabetes, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease COPD)) or who are rehabilitating. They monitor the health and well-being of people
enabling tailored assistance where and when needed. In particular, they gather sensi -tive personal information that is then interpreted by medical professionals in order to
The adoption of such services, however, hardly relies on the trust that both patients and medical professionals have provided in the healthcare services
In particular, a number of questions should be addressed ï How can compliance with a treatment be measured reliably?
How can patients use home healthcare services while ensuring their priva -cy and controlling the use of information in a simple intuitive way
In home healthcare services, patients do not receive treatment (e g.,, medication, reha -bilitation) directly at the hospital;
-ance for home healthcare services. The development of such solutions requires inves -tigating and integrating existing measurement mechanisms for patient compliance
the patient perspective, where patients rate the services of doctors and healthcare pro -viders via a web portal or a health oriented network 20,21.
healthcare services. Patients often subscribe to expert websites and search information regarding their illness on the Internet.
healthcare services. Moreover, to reassure patient safety, a method for measuring the trustworthiness of information originating from the Internet should be integrated
Healthcare services deal with very personal and sensitive information. The protection of sensitive information is enforced usually using access control.
A fundamental need is to design novel electronic healthcare services that improve people†s health
several benefits to the society, the adoption of electronic healthcare services relies also on ethical and societal aspects such as the trust that end-users (e g.,
physicians) has towards such services In this paper, we discussed the challenges for developing trusted home healthcare
services. The THECS project addresses the issue of trust in healthcare services. In particular, the project aims to define the technology necessary to deploy trusted
healthcare services. We presented various lines of research which will be also investi -gated within the project to address such challenges, namely patient compliance, relia
-bility of information in healthcare, and user friendly access control Acknowledgements. This work has been done in the context of the THECS project
services, and (ii) increased range on goods and services, and process-oriented results like increased production capacity and improved production flexibility
services. However, they did not study whether the size of those SMES changed over time
innovation carried out by SMES were new products, new processes, and new services new methods of production,
and new services The above discussion brings out that no empirical study has probed explicitly the
1. 2. Reducing operating costs of clinical services...37 1. 3. Reports on cost-savings tend to be anecdotal in nature...
•Reducing operating costs of clinical services •Reducing administrative costs •Enabling entirely new modes of care
Reducing operating costs of clinical services ICTS can contribute to the reduction of operating costs of clinical services
through improvement in the way tasks are performed, by saving time with data processing, and by reducing multiple handling of documents.
health services, and electronic messaging and telemedicine can facilitate this. In The netherlands, electronic access to patient
purchasers of health services? These long-term sustainability and financing issues appear to be the most challenging and, in most cases, unknown
vendors†products and services, and includes a number of â€oeusability†requirements such as service levels, technical support responsiveness
associative studies to improve services for citizens In addition, in most of the case study countries, compliance is complicated
place for health care services more generally •Accelerate and steer interoperability efforts: agreement on and
change the mix of services it provides, the resulting financial costs and benefits to the hospital will depend on how the care is delivered
the delivery of services with little or no value. While the case studies are not perfect, they do illustrate the types of benefits that can result from
•Reducing operating costs of clinical services •Reducing administrative costs •Enabling entirely new modes of care
reduced utilisation of health care services On efficiency, or value for money, the most frequently cited positive
effect is attributed to reduced utilisation of health care services. More effective information sharing, such as rapid electronic delivery of hospital discharge
This could offer a basis for ensuring that existing costly services are used only in cases in
to those of other, cheaper services. These benefits on utilisation of health services increase as more of the available decision support features are used
and as the time horizon is lengthened (Government Accountability Office 2003 Case studies show that the use of Picture Archiving and
1. 2. Reducing operating costs of clinical services ICTS can contribute to the reduction of operating costs of clinical
services through improvement in the way tasks are performed, by saving time with data processing, reduction in multiple handling of documents etc
satisfaction, while also allowing staff to provide new services that could help diversify the pharmacy's revenue base
preventive services leads to higher, not lower, medical spending overall, RAND concluded that the additional costs are not large
In all six case study countries, telemedicine services are being used to great effect in areas with large rural or remote populations.
2004, and physicians recognised an opportunity to extend stroke care services to the more scattered parts of the region.
and purchasers of health care services that have the most to gain financially. While costs for these systems can vary from country to
own incentives depending on how providers produce health services, how efficiently and equitably services are provided, the quality of care, and how
intensively patients make use of health services CHAPTER 2. WHAT PREVENTS COUNTRIES FROM IMPROVING EFFICIENCY THROUGH ICTS?
†57 IMPROVING HEALTH SECTOR EFFICIENCY: THE ROLE OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES  OECD 2010
incentives for GPS to provide shorter consultations and more services than would otherwise be provided in an incentive-neutral environment.
FFS payment schemes tend to result in the over-provision of services and the under-provision of coordinated, complex care is now fairly persuasive
patchwork of care and services where patients interact with providers in a variety of settings (e g.
frequently used services such as clinical laboratory tests, Walker et al. 2005) predicted that connectivity and effective HIE between providers
Services Research Policy, Vol. 6, pp. 44-55 Government Accountability Office (GAO)( 2005), â€oehealth Care:
services related to the use of ICTS (e g. use of emails or telemedicine •Withholding payments from providers:
in the United kingdom as part of the new General Medical Services (GMS contract in 2004. It is a voluntary annual reward and incentive programme for
•The additional services domain: consisting of eight indicators across four service areas including cervical screening, child health surveillance, maternity services
and contraceptive services In 2004-05, GP practices were scored against 146 performance indicators, with clinical
quality accounting for more than 50%of the total. Each point earned had a financial bonus
B c. Ministry of Health Services Given the bottom-up approach for costing/reimbursement taken in British columbia, PITO€ s reimbursement levels are remarkably
Services (DHHS) to make competitive grants to states and qualified state-designated entities to support establishment of sub-national
services in a financially sustainable way. Financial sustainability is a critical issue for all initiatives, even those that are relatively more mature and
services. Their tax-exempt status can help to reduce funding challenges and costs, may also provide special tax credits/incentives
or maintain services like the one offered in Western australia by the Great Southern health Managed Network (GSHMN.
for Quality Improvementâ€, Health Services Research, Vol. 40 pp. 1318-1334 Deloitte Center for Health Solutions (2006), States†Roles in Health
is to enable physicians who provide insured services in Alberta to use electronic medical records to improve patient care
services and change management services, POSP has helped nearly half of Alberta†s practicing physicians to incorporate information technology into their practices
•Collaborating with Alberta Health Services and Alberta Health and Wellness to ensure integration and interoperability with provincial systems (e g. the
•Providing a broad range of change management services to support those physicians who are automated already,
G. W. School of Public health and Health Services, 2009 There is, therefore, a need for coherent and consistent policies around
associative studies to improve services for citizens To overcome some of the obstacles to the secondary use of data, in
G. W. School of Public health and Health Services (2009), â€oepatient Privacy in the Era of Health Information technology:
G. W. School of Public health and Health Services, Washington, D c Goldman, J. 1998), â€oeprotecting Privacy to Improve Health Careâ€, Health
services provided to patients (impacts CHAPTER 5. USING BENCHMARKING TO SUPPORT CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT †117
Services Industries surveys undertaken by the Australian Bureau of Statistics and a 2008 mail survey of office-based physicians by the National Center for Health
•Increased capacity for ICT services •Support for organisations whose state of ICT-readiness is low
providing these services GSMHN has established also one of the few examples in OECD countries of a not-for-profit self-sustaining â€oee-health network†where health providers pay an
take-up of broadband services in general practices in the region. Payments depended on adoption of either satellite or terrestrial (including ADSL, cable and wireless technology.
Australia Country Health Services. The most commonly cited effects can be categorised according to five groups:
health services in WA presents, therefore, many challenges. These include •Hiring and keeping doctors:
•Achieving economies of scale and viability of services in a dispersed or isolated population: recent evidence suggests that a critical
comprehensive and sustainable range of health care services •Improving access to specialist services, mental health services and
aged care: access to specialist services remains a problem for many residents of isolated settlements which often have to relocate to
utilise these services. Inability to readily access specialist services when required can result in health needs not being met adequately
lack of continuity of care and worse health outcomes. The poorer health status and higher mortality rates in the Kimberley region
compared with the state†s average is attributed largely to poor access to secondary and tertiary health services and the greater health needs
of the local aboriginal population 130 †ANNEX A. COUNTRY CASE STUDIES IMPROVING HEALTH SECTOR EFFICIENCY:
•Integrated services provide single point access to a range of services significantly broader than those delivered by general practice.
services across primary and specialist care •Comprehensive primary health care services are typified best by the
Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Services (ACCHSS ACCHSS have adopted a primary health care approach to healthcare delivery over the past 30 years,
which includes preventive and health promotion activity, as well as education and capacity building •Outreach models are characterised by the periodic supply of a range of
health services from one location which has these services to other locations which do not.
services to satellite communities or some other visiting mechanism such as where a GP resident in one community may visit a second
Services can also be supplied on a virtual basis (virtual outreach) or on a fly-in, fly-out basis
services within these networks •Integration of services by achieving greater collaboration between medical, nursing and allied health staff across regions,
to ensure that patients receive seamless health care irrespective of how they enter the system and to ensure small communities receive good access to
services including through telehealth The Divisions of General Practices (DGP) have received substantial funding to support adoption of health IT
services for people with complications is approximately CAD 776 million each year. By 2016, direct health care costs to treat patients with diabetes in
and accurate delivery of appropriate medical services •For family physician practices †ICT enables a comprehensive chronic disease management
contracting and associated legal services. Budgeting for such support was generous †typically about one-third of total expenses
Human Services (US DHHS) is providing leadership for the development and nationwide implementation of an interoperable health information
services. It can provide the services at two levels. Either through incentive payments to physicians for EHR implementation or through state grants as
supporting a state designated HIE or other entity. To this effect, MAEHC has successfully launched a for-profit subsidiary to provide consulting services
related to EHR deployment, HIE, and quality data warehousing. As with the MAEHC, the service will include start to finish implementation including
and project execution services Governance The MAEHC is a public/private collaborative of providers, payers
deliver equal access to health services regardless of patient location and providing continuity and co-ordination of care have created the foundation for telehealth as a necessity in the
services also seems to reduce inappropriate variations in practice Business case Stroke is the leading cause of death for women and the third leading
patient data, pictures, medical applications and services for which the Internet is not acceptable. Subsequently, in 2001 when the first large scale e-prescription implementation
•Made e-prescription services available virtually throughout the country •Deployed a national e-prescription mailbox allowing patients to store
Services which will continue to maintain and operate the national e-prescription programme and related infrastructure
Reducing operating costs of clinical services Reports on cost-savings tend to be anecdotal in nature
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