Employment

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Synopsis: Employment & working conditions: Employment: Employment:

such as lower taxes and employment flexibility to help bypass the Death valley. Innovation concerns all fields;

Smart city ambition is offering their inhabitants increased comfort, employment and economic development. The Future Internet focuses on new network architectures and more useroriented services.

The employment capacity of the tertiary sector is growing in Europe. Regional authorities in France focus on developing personal services,

The impact of education on employment/entrepreneurship is evaluated not. A little feedback from companies is possible via internship at the condition of willing to take this point into account.

They decide the rules, the amount of taxes, laws for employment, public research system and educational program.

employment and competitiveness in Knowledge Society, combining social, economic and environmental objectives. Research and innovation are key drivers of competitiveness, jobs, sustainable growth and social progress EUR 12.

The ongoing projects 86 The Innovation Biosphere are expected to provide the answers to questions related to growth, employment and competitiveness;

employment and exclusion are related to each other. In reality, many European companies collapse for because of inadequate policies, high taxes, lack of flexibility in the rules for hiring and the lack of orders from large companies and public organizations.

or maisons d'emploi (house for employment), are of high cost and remain ineffective. Their information systems are programmed not for effective and relevant matching of offer and demand.

The Europatriates initiative deals with young employment in Europe HAR 12. The unemployed young people are given opportunities for personal and professional development in a partner country.

direct placement in one of the partner companies or coaching to establish a company of their own in their respective home countries to further create opportunities for employment in their country of origin.

concrete solutions against 1 National Agency for employment http://www. pole-emploi. fr. 88 The Innovation Biosphere youth unemployment in Europe EUR 14.

and employment The appearance of the first industrial automats and robots in factories and production units has begun the polemical replacement of workers by machines.

but employment suddenly wilts. By 2011, a significant gap appears between the two lines, showing economic growth with no parallel increase in job creation.

Technology has disrupted often and even destroyed whole industries and employment sectors. In the United states the mechanization of agriculture vaporized millions of jobs and led workers to eventually move from farms to 90 The Innovation Biosphere factories.

These challenges can be seen as seven critical pillars to initiate in France the process of long-term prosperity and employment.

One participant plans matching public employment data with those from companies to create a decision support system dedicated to both recruiters and jobseekers.

Resource efficient Europe Employment and skills: An agenda for new skills and jobs Education: Youth on the move Competitiveness:

Inclusive growth aims at raising Europe's employment rate for women, young people and older workers and in helping people of all ages anticipate

They are adapted not to evaluate the progress in facing the main challenges, such as job creation, employment and economic growth.

and ensure prosperity and employment in the long run. One innovation principle and seven ambitions, mentioned previously (section 3. 2. 3),

job creation and young employment and has addressed other strategic European challenges. OISPG, which mainly focused on technology,

medicine and other domains but the impact on solving the current challenges such as employment, social inclusion or pollution is weak.

and Irreversibly Transforming Employment and the Economy, Lexington: Digital Frontier Press, 2011. BUL 13 BULL GROUP, Corporate social responsibility and sustainable development 2013-2014, Sustainability by and for IT, available at http://www. bull. com/download/bull/Bull csr report 2013-2014 gri4 en

and long term support of economic growth and employment Zentrales Innovationsprogramm Mittelstand Netzwerkprojekte (ZIM NEMO) Development of innovation capacities and competitiveness of SME through the support of innovation networks HUNGARY Cluster Development

conditionsup to 50%eligible costsn. a. Max. 75%funding from the programmax. 50%funding from the programneed Analysis including training and joint consultancy for companiestrade Missionbuyers'Mission Employment

and employment. 21 Many of the cluster programs that have started after 2007 are funded through ERDF

Innovation in Ireland innovation is the creative process of exploiting new ideas 2008 Department of Enterprise, Trade & Employment Department of Enterprise, Trade & Employment23 Kildare Street, Dublin 2, Irelandtelephone:+

TD Dr Jimmy Devins, TDTÁNAISTE and Minister for Enterprise, Minister for Science, Trade and Employment Technology and Innovationdr Jimmy Devinsinnovation in Ireland 2008 Innovation in Ireland 2008

and Innovation at the Department of Enterprise, Trade and Employment and the Department of education and Science.

The National Training Fund will provide opportunities for people already in employment to be given improved access to training,

Sean Haughey, TD, coordinates the lifelong learning agenda across both the Departments of Enterprise, Trade and Employment and Education and Science.

Upskilling 500,000 people in employment by at least one National Framework of Qualifications level; Increasing the participation rate in upper secondary education to 90 percent;

Improved career guidance for those in employment; Promoting the recognition of prior learning and accreditation for skills acquired outside the formal learning environment;

Government funding for upskilling those in employment has increased significantly in recent years, from €8 million in 2004 to €70 million in 2007.

and in particular, the European Social Fund (ESF), has presented always opportunities to pilot innovative approaches to upskilling, training and new employment areas.

provides a testing ground for new ways of integrating marginalised groups into the workplace and of upskilling those already in employment.

and least expected Services and Emerging Sectors Innovation in Ireland 2008 Innovation in Ireland 2008international financial services Financial services have become more important as a source of both wealth generation and employment in Ireland.

taxation, health and safety, environment statistics, employment and company law. 33 h Innovation in Ireland Summary 200833innovation in Ireland Conclusiontracking our Progressthroughout this document, we have identified the depth and breadth

and entrepreneurship that have made them essential drivers of innovation, growth and employment creation. The major feature of the knowledge economy is increased the importance of knowledge as a factor of production.

and data is not commonly available for non-technological innovation as a proportion of firm employment or turnover.

The managed economy was a mass production society based on stable employment in large firms and a central role of unions and employers in regulating the economy and society in partnership with government.

but is also about employment. As unemployment rates rise, it is critical that new firms are able to enter

the creation of jobs in SMES in response to an aggregate demand stimulus or targeted employment

l High-employment-growth firms. One of the contributions of new firms and SMES to the economy is breakthrough innovation.

They make up an important component of the high-employment-growth firm sector. Facilitation and support for breakthrough innovation in this group may promote both innovation

focused on improving the welfare of individuals and communities through employment, consumption or participation. The social entrepreneur is an agent of social innovation but not the only one.

as measured by employment, are enterprises with average annualised growth in employees greater than 20%a year over a three year period and with ten or more employees at the beginning of the observation period.

as measured by employment, are enterprises which have been employers for a period of up to five years,

High-Growth Firms and their Contribution to Employment in the UK, NESTA, London. Archibugi, D. and S. Iammarino (1997), The Policy Implications of the Globalisation of Innovation, University of Cambridge ESRC Centre for Business Research, Working Paper 75, ESRC Centre

Building Inclusive Economies, OECD, Paris. OECD (2002), High-growth SMES and Employment, OECD, Paris. OECD (2003), The Nonprofit Sector in a Changing Economy, OECD

and employment) and capability building in the areas of productivity, management and skills, internationalisation and transformational change.

There is a positive and robust correlation between entrepreneurship and economic performance in terms of growth, firm survival, innovation, employment creation, technological change, productivity increases and exports3.

Ireland's Enterprise Policy Context and Challenges Relevant strategies over the period of review reflect the importance of supporting start-up companies as a means to stimulate economic growth and employment.

and high levels of employment to a situation where unemployment now stands at 14.2 per cent,

The evaluation found that the impacts from the HPSU package of supports are very positive in terms of survival, sales, exports and employment.

HPSU supported firms were shown also to be particularly resilient to the recession in terms of employment compared to firms generally.

Regardless of the year of entry to HPSU, there is generally an upward movement in employment per active firm.

in that the recession of 2008 onwards has had little overall impact on employment per plant11. This compares favourably with the comparator group that saw a decrease of 10.9 per cent in employment per plant over the period 2004-2010.

A Cost Benefit Analysis (CBA) was conducted over a 7 year period for each of the 2005 and 2006 cohorts to establish the impact to the wider economy.

including employment, exports etc. The Department of Jobs, Enterprise and Innovation should be cognisant of the financial return to the State through EI-Partner funds28.

employment and feasibility study grants and equity. A survey of CEBS revealed that 44 per cent of management training (excluding SYOB courses)

and start-ups-through from the CEB supported micro firm that generates employment, to the High Potential Start up that demonstrates greater potential for growth within a relatively short time period.

There is a positive and robust correlation between entrepreneurship and economic performance in terms of growth, firm survival, innovation, employment creation, technological change, productivity increases and exports36.

In general, companies that emanate from entrepreneurial activity are the feedstock for future employment and growth.

and Challenges Relevant Government strategies over the period of review reflect the importance of supporting start-up companies as a means to stimulate economic growth and employment.

Increased turnover Increased employment High survival rates 26 2. 1 Evaluation Aim The aim of the evaluation is to assess the appropriateness

and services in world markets in order to foster job creation across the regions of Ireland, promoting the growth of new sectors with sustainable competitive advantage, providing for growth in exports and employment in Ireland.

The evaluation of the programme's impact focuses on the annual levels of turnover, exports, employment and survival rates between 2004 and 2010 for all firms receiving HPSU supports between 2004 and 2006,

as well as in absolute terms), employment, and a comparatively high survival rate. From a methodological point of view, the ideal way to measure 28 the counterfactual

For employment we use the population of Enterprise Ireland start-ups from 2000-2006 with a minimum of ten employees for comparison45;

1. 6 Employment 1. 9 2. 8 3. 4 Equity-Ordinary shares 11.6 10.9 7. 0 Equity-Preference shares 59.8 64.2 64.1

and the Annual Employment Survey that are published annually by Forfás. There are also performance reviews that take place.

as it controls for the often low levels of employment in start-ups, overcoming some of the selection bias that arises with HPSUS (mostly new firms) vis-à-vis the ABSEI group (mostly established firms).

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 ABSEI Comparator Grp X as%of Sales All HPSUS 40 Employment HPSUS (2004-2006 entrants) appeared to be more resilient in employment

Employment (2004,2005 and 2006 HPSUS) 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Employment 895 1, 711 1, 840 1, 994 2

, 169 1, 969 2, 086 Employment Yr on Yr Growth 91.2%7. 5%8. 4%8. 8%-9. 2%5. 9

Employment (2004,2005 and 2006 HPSUS) Regardless of year of entry to HPSU, there is generally an upward movement in employment per plant.

in that the recession of 2008 onwards has had little overall impact on employment per plant (Table 2. 10). 47 Start-ups dating back to 2000 were selected as a more robust comparator group to reflect the fact that companies can be trading for some years

employment has grown generally steadily, and survival rates are also above national average. Importantly, the proportion of overall funding committed to companies who do not ultimately survive (18.6 per cent) is lower than the attrition rate for the HPSU population (19.1 per cent;

with the development of viable HPSUS achieved that show excellent performance in terms of survival, sales, 46 exports and employment in a high number of cases.

which target high growth entrepreneurs first emanated from the then Department of Trade Enterprise and Employment's Strategy of 2003 to 2005.

Enterprise Ireland only funds the salary stipend of the entrepreneurs with A high Potential Start-up (HPSU) proposition, that have left employment (have been made redundant

Outcomes & Impacts Increased numbers of innovative start-ups and companies, Increased exports and employment in participant start-ups and companies, Increased numbers of business/technology ideas successfully developed and commercialised as a result of participation

and entrepreneurs whose companies will provide the employment of the future as a key element of supporting economic recovery and growth.

Expor nts Propel O luation of th/technology employment essful develo did assess the nd provides d ain some opt ent:

increased exports and employment are difficult to measure at this point. However, one of the key deliverables for Propel is the number of participants that progress to become HPSUS.

and commercialised based on the Ideagen events ultimately leading to increased employment and exports. Increased take-up of supports to promote enterprise development. 82 7. 1 Evaluation Aim The aim of the evaluation is to assess the appropriateness, efficiency and effectiveness of the Enterprise Ireland Ideagen Programme.

and were unable to find new employment. As a result, significant numbers of people were engaging with Enterprise Ireland

the Seed Capital and Business Expansion Schemes (recently replaced by the Employment Investment Incentive scheme) and R&d tax credits as well as direct firm level interventions-aimed at supporting the emergence and development of high potential companies.

and over US$3. 1 trillion in revenue in the United states representing 11 per cent of private sector employment and 21 per cent of GDP (2010 data).

Over the medium to longer term, there are also real and positive impacts associated with the programme in terms of employment,

including employment, exports etc. The Department of Jobs, Enterprise and Innovation should be cognisant of the financial return to the State through EI-Partner funds107. 105 Gilson, R. J.,2003, Engineering a Venture capital Market:

Training Management Development Finance Mentoring Enterprise Education Enterprise Promotion Outcomes & Impacts Increased number of Start-ups Increased number of entrepreneurs Increased employment Higher

or less people) could be a valuable source of employment and economic growth, and that at that time, there was a gap in the provision of state supports to those enterprises.

Measure One Grants-which facilitate the provision of direct financial supports to firms by way of capital, feasibility and employment grants;

Employment grants to meet part of the cost of taking on additional staff. At least 30 per cent of the grants given by a CEB have to be refundable by the recipient.

8, 411,542 8, 190,364 9, 562,910 8, 879,577 7, 040,898 Feasibility 405,859 393,148 351,970 413,044 520,302 622,412 Employment 2, 169,614

SYOB financial assistance delivered through capital & refundable grants, employment grants, feasibility study grants and equity grants;

and established firms 121 Numbers of grant applications made under each of the grant categories (capital, feasibility, employment,

498,788 Employment 1, 738,684 1, 641,673 1, 624,415 1, 920,000 1, 749,567 2, 066,978 Priming 0 0 0 0 0

Employment Grants were for up to a maximum of €7, 500 per employee and a maximum of ten employee C Training & Management Development The CEBS provide Start Your Own Business, Management Development Training and Mentoring services.

the vast bulk of the grants made were in respect of capital or employment projects.

Measure1 Projects by Type Business Expansion Priming Capital Employment Feasibility Feasibility/Innovation Preference shares Refundable Grant Aid Grand Total 2004 369 293

Scenario 126 The outcome of a programme targeted at entrepreneurship may be that of securing employment for unemployed persons

Start-up Grants (SUG) are provided by TE centres which aim to get people out of unemployment and into employment.

The analysis found that around 80 per cent of participants were still in employment three months after cessation of the NEIS allowance.

taking high deadweight and displacement effects into account, was an expensive mechanism for getting people into employment in terms of the cost per positive outcome (about $30, 000).

or gaining employment without the support programme, they may have a tendency to believe that they would have succeeded without the support.

-which enabled us to derive an average employment for CEB grant assisted firms at 4 FTES134.

and €24 million depending on the level of employment created by grant aided start-up firm. These are gross benefits

Annual Benefits-different Employment and Deadweight Scenarios (€ m) Deadweight Average Employment per Firm 2 FTES 4 FTES €‘000 per annum 60%4

Comparing the annual benefits to the fully loaded costs indicates that the least favourable scenario would mean that each firm supported would have had to deliver the employment benefits for a period of approximately 3 years

Number of Years Required to Pay back Measure 1 Support to Start-up Firms Deadweight Average Employment per Firm 2 FTES 4 FTES Years to Pay back-Measure 1 Grant (including indirect

Associated employment generated; and A brief outline of the sectoral spread. Progression to Start-up Participants of the SYOB courses are a cross-section of existing entrepreneurs who are in the startup phase, self-employed persons, persons in employment, the unemployed,

and those outside the workforce. Table 9. 18: SYOB Participant Cohort SYOB Participant Cohort%Propensity to Start-up%In employment 38.2 54 Unemployed persons 35.8 47.5 Self-employed/proprietors 21.2 20.0 Outside the workforce

4. 8 37.5 Table 9. 19 sets out the impact of the course on participants by year they undertook the course,

Survey of SYOB Course Participants 2011 Table 9. 20 depicts the propensity of persons of different prior employment status to start a business.

Propensity of SYOB Course Participants to Start a Business by Prior Employment Status(%)Prior Employment Status Selfemployed/proprietor Employee Unemployed Outside the workforce All Propensity

FÁS has succeeded in its objective of progressing individuals to employment/self employment. Discussions with individual CEBS indicated that

This translates into potential employment levels of between 10,700 and 21,500 depending on the scale of employment in assisted firms

(and assumes employment of between 2 and 4 persons per firm). Comparing the annual benefits to the fully loaded costs indicates that even allowing for a high level of labour market displacement in the period 2004-2010,

The least favourable scenario would mean that each firm supported would have had to deliver employment benefits for a period of approximately 3 years,

which is t the funding employment that the pro employed. businesses, t han the Finn sses establish val. vival among Entrepreneur acts of the s a business r the funding.

the regardless ofts FOR STA rket Sch mployment a employment monstrate a e grant was i panded in 20 pplicants for now how to d ncial aid for reviewed;

However, the impact on employment trends in the same period was positive. 137 www. praxis. ee/fileadmin/tarmo/Projektid/..

It provides an overview of participant views on the likely impact of the programme on sales, exports and employment growth.

Recent Forfás Publications Annual Employment Survey Forfás April 2014 Costs of Doing Business in Ireland 2014 NCC April 2014 Annual Business Survey of Economic

2013 Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) 2012 Global Entrepreneurship Monitor July 2013 Annual Employment Survey 2012 Forfás July 2013 Ireland's Competitiveness

The search intensity is calculated by dividing the search strategy score by the employment of the firm.

Hence, exporting and innovation are complementary strategies that result in higher export shares, turnover and employment growth at the firm level.

The business community in Ireland in 2011 was above the EU-27 average in areas such as employment in knowledge intensive activities,

SMES innovating in-house, Employment in both medium and high tech manufacturing and knowledge intensive activities.

Patent applications Venture capital Public R&d Expenditure International Scientific Co-Publications Business R&d Expenditure Sales of new to Market and new to Firm Innovations Employment in Knowledge

or Process Innovations Higher education R&d Expenditure Innovative SMES Collaborating with others Employment in Knowledge-Intensive Activities SMES Innovating In-House Employment Medium-High tech Manufacturing Population Completed

2) increased employment in previous quarter;(3) expected sales increase in next year;(4) expected employment increase in next year;(

5) company sells cross-border or exports internationally; and (6) current trading position described as expanding/growing.

In noncommunist societies, private industry generates employment and creates the products that our society needs to thrive.

-19-11 Figures from the UK highlight that only 1-in-10 people aged over 50 will find employment

-33-25 http://www. easyaccessip. org. uk/recommendations In 2012, The irish Research Council launched a pilot Employment Based Postgraduate programme (including Phd and Masters) for 30 places.

Triple the size of the‘Employment Based Postgraduate programme'to 100 Phds per annum (10%of The irish output.

Skills development is vital for employment. As an example, throughout the general population of all ages, second level graduates have an unemployment rate of 23%and third level graduates have an unemployment rate of 13%29.

and large numbers of these workers are then graduating to full-time employment within the companies where they gain their skills,

if they already have part-time evening or weekend employment. As the Jobbridge Programme runs in tandem with jobseekers allowance, the applicant must be unemployed

-37-28 http://www. oecd. org/science/inno/2754426. pdf 28 CSO (2013) Live Register September 2013.29 OECD (2013) Employment

and thousands of careers are getting jumpstarted through this programme every week. 31 OECD (2013) Employment Outlook James had been in the construction industry as a junior technician with an architect's firm until the recession hit.

businesses. 6. 1. 2 Employment and Investment Incentive (EIIS) The Forum welcomes the announcement in the 2014 Budget to remove the high earners restriction for EIIS to increase the pool of investors.

and the government needs to do far more if it wants to reward growing businesses and employment in Ireland.

employment generating businesses. Real estate or other asset holding companies should be excluded. Such an incentive would energise smart money putting capital in new growth opportunities.

Where an entrepreneurially inclined employee leaves employment, the current structure of the Jobseeker's Benefit system encourages them to remain on Jobseeker's Benefit for the full six/nine month Jobseeker's Benefit entitlement period before setting up a new business

A progressive policy with respect to entrepreneurship sets tax rates on invested capital at a more favorable rate (Capital gains tax) than income from PAYE employment, interest, dividends and other sources.

Triple the size of the‘Employment Based Postgraduate programme'to 100 Phds per annum (10%of The irish output.

Raise awareness of the HBAN network and help its expansion. 6. 1. 2 Employment and Investment Incentive (EIIS) 52.

Employment and Investment Incentive scheme EO: Entrepreneurs Organisation GNP: Gross National Profit HBAN: Halo Business Angel Network, an angel finance group.

(2006) Dublin Chamber of commerce, Budget 2014, Pre Budget Submission Department of Enterprise Trade and Employment (2008.

Capital Scheme & Employment and Investment Incentive 27 2. 1. 5 Capital gains tax 27 2. 2 Business Registration 27 2. 3 Reducing Administrative

improve our living standards and our employment creation. This Government will continue to concentrate efforts on employment retention and creation

and a reinvigoration of entrepreneurial spirit will play a strong role in driving this agenda.

and create much needed employment. Previously I have said that Ireland is a country with great entrepreneurs

This was a substantial employment gain over a period in which longer established enterprises had shed 400,000 jobs.

because they have reduced employment options. However, there is also a very encouraging upturn in the number of people indicating they want to start a business within the next three years (up over 80%.

000 employment permits per year to experienced ICT professionals with skills in high demand. DJEI) 24 National Policy Statement on Entrepreneurship in Ireland Well-functioning, appropriate and stable framework conditions, incentives and supports form the basis of a good entrepreneurship ecosystem.

and employment has been noted in the CEDRA report. Tourism continues to be one of Ireland's most important economic sectors.

a range of employment supports are also available. These include a free recruitment service through the Jobs Ireland service, the Jobbridge internship scheme,

The LECP will seek to address community and local development responses to employment, self employment and social enterprise.

and facilitating the growth of startups into enduring companies offering sustainable long-term employment. The effective tax rate

and hire suitably skilled staff from the global talent pool. 2. 1. 4 Seed Capital Scheme & Employment and Investment Incentive The Seed Capital Scheme (SCS), in conjunction with its associated scheme,

the Employment and Investment Incentive (EII), are tax relief incentive schemes. The EIIS provides tax relief to unrelated private investors for investment in certain corporate trades.

or were in employment which was subject to PAYE and who establish and work full time in their own company

DJEI and other relevant Depts) Review and consider further amendments to the Employment and Investment Incentive (EII) scheme to fulfil its potential as a non-bank (equity) source of funding for SMES.

The LECP will seek to address community and local development responses to employment, self employment and social enterprise.

with a particular emphasis on regions that have struggled to achieve employment growth. Enterprise Ireland will also publish a report each year on the startup environment across the LEOS network, identifying areas of excellence and areas for improvement and innovation.

and The irish Research Council's Employment-Based Postgraduate programme (Phd and Masters). The publication of an Intellectual Property Protocol designed to make it easier for business to engage with academics by providing clarity

Research contracts for Graduate student projects with industry KTI is working with The irish Research Council to clarify how IP is treated in its Employment-Based Postgraduate programme with the aim of increasing certainty and security for participating companies.

Changes are proposed in the Employment Permits (Amendment) Bill 2014, currently before the Dail, which are designed to relax certain regulations on the issuing of employment permits.

The Bill provides that the existing provision requiring that at least 50%of an enterprise's employees must be Irish

The Employment Permits system also gives priority to skills listed on the Highly Skilled Occupations List (HSOL

and increasing the employment needs of businesses. As the Entrepreneurship Forum identified, access to finance is always a critical issue for startups.

such as the Seed Capital Scheme, Employment Investment Incentive, Microfinance Ireland and the Credit Guarantee Scheme.

and international venture capital investors and continue to develop the domestic venture capital sector Double the volume of angel funding over the next five years through such actions as reforming the Employment Investment Incentive.

which will in turn increase economic opportunity, business creation and employment. Strengthening the linkages between the main stakeholders

which have the best chance of converting to sales (and therefore increased employment) in the least amount of time.

Over time, this increase in sales will have a positive effect on the sustainment and growth of employment in Irish companies.

It is vital that action is taken to optimise the role of entrepreneurship as an essential source of wealth creation and employment,

Local Enterprise Offices Entrepreneurship Supports LOCAL ENTERPRISE OFFICES ENTREPRENEURSHIP SUPPORTS CEB total 2013 LEO total 2014 (target) Employment Jobs Created 1

, 522 Jobs Sustained 20,478 Total Employment new portfolio 20,478 22,000 Grants (M1 & M2) Feasibility Applications approved (number) 188 156 Feasibility

Employment and Investment Incentive scheme GEDI Global Entrepreneurship Development Index GEM Global Entrepreneurship Monitor HEA Higher education Authority HEI Higher education institutions HBAP Halo Business

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