and online display of orphan works and introduces a new exception to copyright (one of the few ones to be fully harmonised at EU level).
The further harmonisation of the rules on distance contracts provided in the Directive means a single set of core rules across the EU that will not only promote consumers'trust
The Centre acts as the focal point in the fight against cybercrime in the Union and will have four core functions:
and promoting core EU values, including by proposing norms for responsible behaviour, and encouraging the application of existing international cyberspace laws in accordance with the EU acquis
At its core, eco-innovation is about creating business models that are both competitive and respect the environment by reducing resource intensity of products and services.
Develop indicators to monitor performance. Develop clear indicators based on the code of conduct to monitor progress. Internal and external communication is also very important at all stages.
Develop collaborative practices and strong relationships with clients and suppliers Foster collaborative practices, e g. mutualised supply management systems, collabortive planning, forecasting and replenishment.
Do we have systems in place to monitor ecoinnovation trends related to our core business? Key challenges for your business Developing eco-innovative products,
What are the characteristics of our core customer groups (e g. mass, niche, segmented? What type of relationship does each customer type expect from us?
What added value environmental benefits can be attached to the core concept and? How can stakeholders be rewarded for adopting
and ODR. 8 4. 1. 2 Checks and balances Include the core principles for ADR in a binding instrument,
processors and data subjects) on the proposal in order to achieve a harmonised framework based on a balanced approach in this important legislative step. 8 Del Duca, L.,Rule, C.,Loebl,
For the purposes of the report, ICT is defined as IT hardware, software and services, and telecommunications equipment and services.
which manufacture large quantities of ICT hardware and software. Total factor productivity (TFP) growth an important measure of ICT's impact on productivity, has accelerated also in each of these countries4.
Software investment tends to lag purchases of hardware. This may explain the more rapid growth of software investment relative to total investment in the US,
and has invested heavily in hardware since the late 1990s, software vendors can probably look to good times ahead in their European markets.
whereas hardware sales declined. IDC, a technology consultancy, projects that the west European software market will expand at a respectable 6. 6%compound annual growth rate over the 2003-07 period to a volume of €57. 5bn
Such a system would require advanced hardware and management protocols for connections, whether for suppliers of power, for consumers or for network operators.
It is possible to conceive such a network but the real hardware, protocols, standards and markets at all levels are more difficult to realise.
Virtual utilities (or virtual electricity market) adopt the structure of the internet-like model and its information and trading capability, rather than any hardware.
stimulates initiatives and monitors progress; Mirror Group: enables the involvement of Member States, candidate countries and associate states;
human enhancement and personalised healthcare, accompanied by advances in the visualisation and modelling of super-complex interactions through computing and emerging technologies such as 3-D printing.
and returning manufacturing capabilities to developed national contexts (United states, Canada, Northern europe) in the case of 3-D printing (Desmoulin-Canselier 2012;
3d printing and social change,"First Monday, Vol. 17, No. 7-2, 2012. Ravallion, M, The Developing World's Bulging (but Vulnerable) Middle class.
the four key dimensions for the study of minors and screens,"Comunicación y sociedad, Vol. 25, No. 1, 2012, pp. 253-287.
A Comparison of Canada, Europe and the United states, International Productivity Monitor, Vol. 6, 2003 pp. 56-63. van Bavel, J.,"Choice of study discipline and the postponement
Demography Monitor 2008: Demographic Trends, Socioeconomic Impacts and Policy Implications in the European union, Monitoring Report prepared by the European Observatory on the Social Situation Demography Network, Netherlands interdisciplinary demographic institute, Amsterdam;
display=default World bank World Development Indicators,"Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments(%)2012.
http://www. migrationinformation. org/Feature/display. cfm? id=963 Zimmermann, Hans-Dieter,"The Individual in the Information Society:
Three core factors to foster entrepreneurial culture The decision to become an entrepreneur or join an innovative entrepreneurial venture is complex. 13 This analysis focuses on three categories of individual factors that were highlighted in interviews and workshops:
and operate a business is an important complement to the attitude of risktaking and perseverance that successful entrepreneurs display.
and organization Foster a collaborative culture and organization Steer and monitor degree of openness Attract partners Develop brand for mutually beneficial collaborations Make systematic use of networks to create awareness for own offerings
considering their capacity to manage collaborations without compromising their core fields of work. Developing culture and organization Fostering a collaborative culture and organization Both a soft cultural and a hard organizational component need to be considered:
the camera or the memory card without having to change the entire phone. The approach was made open-source,
Miles Kirby, Managing director of Qualcomm Ventures, responsible for investments in Western and Eastern europe To systematically foster collaboration between large companies and entrepreneurs we have to start with specific topics e g. 3d printing around
Innovation policies are at the core of this process. The government support system for enterprises is easy and simple to use,
Among the innovation-driven economies in the EU-28, The netherlands is the most entrepreneurial economy in terms of new and nascent entrepreneurship according to the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor.
and regions. 64 This section presents an overview of the core ideas within the focus,
GEM Consortium (2013), Global Entrepreneurship Monitor. 15. Diedrichs, E. 2013), Do SMES lose their appetite for innovation during the economic crisis?
which provide insights on two core questions: 1) What do entrepreneurs perceive to be the difference between entrepreneurial ecosystems around the globe in terms of the availability of the various pillars that make up an ecosystem?
Across Sub-saharan africa, the Internet is used to report daily cases of meningitis to monitor emerging epidemics.
Effectiveness of monitoring of immunisation activities which involves the following monitoring systems for adverse events, documentation of immunisation activities, display of immunisation activities, reporting of immunisation activities and reviews of immunisation
1999), these capabilities require the complex combination of the technical infrastructure (cabling infrastructure, hardware platform, base software platform), ICT shared services (as communications services), ICT applications (as WEB
An important strategy deployed by SMES to create competitiveness in global markets is to use the digital technology to develop core competencies
Diversification is considered generally to be anathema to focusing upon the core product. But because of their specialisation and small size, Mittelstand companies are often at a disadvantage in terms of economies of scale.
individuals move easily from semiconductor to disk drive firms or from computer to network makers. They move from established firms to start-ups (or vice versa) and even to market research or consulting firms,
These organisations are typically technical consultants and count R&d as a non-core activity. Looking at firm growth rates during the three-year period preceding the study,
the core competencies scan (which lasts 3 hours and is used to define SME core competencies);
the network scan (which lasts 3 hours and identifies the network needs); and the innovation scan (to measure the innovative capability of the SME.
Technology parks are key to SME development in the region At the core of the regional innovation policy are the 11 science and technology parks, alongside the 21 technology centres
ESECA, 2009 peripheral economies which generally find it difficult to penetrate international markets. Indeed only 1. 4%of regional firms are engaged in foreign trade,
Attitudes to innovation in peripheral economic regions. Research Policy, 37,6-7: 1009-1021. Cuadrado-Roura, J. R. & Garcia-Tabuenca, A. Innovative and Creative Entrepreneurship in Spain.
which covers the core actors in the innovation sector in Andalusia. The PAIDI is an operational plan that elaborates on the specific institutional agents to implement the broader goals of the PIMA.
which now designate research teams as a core element in the internal structure of the universities (Ramos-Vielba and Fernandez-Esquinas, 2009).
Estadisticas de Sociedades Mercantiles, INE Andalusia‘s entrepreneurship level was assessed by the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) in 2006.
The people, assets and intangibles transferred from the parent company constitute a key element of the spin-off‘s core-business,
Based on the 2006 Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) data, the density of enterprises was approaching the national level.
as shown by the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor for Wales, include a noticeable change in the attitudes of the people in Wales towards entrepreneurship and a public sector that increasingly and explicitly supports entrepreneurship across its activities.
Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (2006) Andalusia. OECD (2001) Fostering Entrepreneurship, OECD, Paris. OECD (2003) Entrepreneurship and Local Economic Development:
To what extent is a policy for increasing higher levels of innovation, particularly R&d activities, among a core of SMES,
and RETA whose aim is to support the existing small core of high tech SMES and encourage the second tier of SMES to increase their levels of R&d activity.
At the core of the broader innovation policy are the 11 science and technology parks discussed elsewhere in this report,
The core of the model was to develop competitive advantage through strengthening existing local assets
Of these organisations, around 200 can be considered to be=core‘life science firms involved in developing products
With smaller resources in the future, investment in high tech activities should be directed at the most promising sectors that already display some international capability, rather than spreading resources too thinly.
) Despite two different approaches to a single concept (in the same dissertation), the core of the measure in both own-designed questionnaire and GEM survey is the same.
Thus, the core focus of H2 is illustrated in Figure 1. So, the aforementioned theoretical arguments provide reasonable justification for advancing the following hypotheses:
The resource-based view (RBV) emphasizes the role of core competences of firms and suggests that the best way to understand a firm,
Thus, the core focus from H3 to H5b is illustrated in Figure 2. Figure 2. Proposed model and relationships between firm networks, EO and growth 2. 4. Size as a moderator term
A structural model displays the interrelations among latent constructs and observable variables in the proposed model as a succession of structural equations.
Export propensity affects positively the firm's innovativeness. 3. Research design 3. 1. Database The sample used in this essay was taken from the Spanish Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) by considering the adult population survey for the years 2007
Table 21 displays the results of the logistic regression. The Chi-square test of both the i. prod/serv and proc. innov complete models was significant
Table 21 displays the odds ratio, the significance at the corresponding level, and the standard deviation.
The core competence of the corporation. Harvard Business Review, May-June, 79-91. Prashantham, S. 2005.
Global entrepreneurship monitor: data collection design and implementation 1998-2003. Small Business Economics, 24,205-231.
Columns 1 to 8 contain weights, column 9 displays the country's composite indicator. Patents Royalties Internet Tech.
Methodology The core of AHP is an ordinal pair-wise comparison of attributes, sub-indicators in this context, in
An example is the Human Development Index 2004 of the UNDP (see Figure 8. 1). This is a comprehensive approach to display results
in direction away from meeting objective Insufficient or no comparable data 109 8. 5 Rankings A quick and easy way to display country performance is to use rankings.
SPEAR contains a set of core sectors and indicators that have been derived from the literature on sustainability.
In both ways, people purchased the most in Information technology (such as IT hardware and software), Consumer Electronics (such as TVS, audio home systems and Blu-ray players) and Major Domestic Appliances (such as
The field of photonics relates to optical technology applications in the areas of lasers, lithography, optical measurement systems, microscopes, lenses, optical communication, digital photography, LEDS and OLEDS, displays
New photonic applications such as OLED displays can be used in electronic, automotive and telecommunication devices. Advanced materials as well as dvanced manufacturing technologies can virtually be employed for producing any kind of commodity.
Electronics-silicon electronics-nanoscaled transistors-polymer electronics-CNT field emission displays-MRAM memories-phase-change memory-MEMS memory-CNT data memory-CNT
engineering-nanoengineered gels for supporting nerve cell growth-neuro-coupled electronics for active implants Environmental technologies-nanostructured catalysts-nanomembranes for sewerage-anti-reflection layers
The core of the cluster consists of the Kyoto University Katsura Campus and the Katsura Innovation Park,
The core organisation of the cluster Is advanced ASTEMRI Software Technology & Mechatronics Research Institute of Kyoto.
which is the core of the nanotechnology cluster. In addition to this, it stimulates university-industry collaborations by implementing business incubators and university-industry liaison facilities. 35 Venture capital:
compositions of three cores, focusing on different knowledge & application fields Lack of commercialisation and consequently lack of private funding Cluster strongly managed by government Unique in the strong market focus and strong funding infrastructure both public and private Source:
While nanotechnology is applied currently on an industrial scale in microelectronics (semiconductors, nanowires, lithography), coatings and paints, some specific defence-related applications, telecommunication (displays, optoelectronics) and in some areas of advanced materials (e g. carbon nanotubes),
Contemporary processors have a three to ten times higher number of transistors on the same area (Fraunhofer CNT, 2008.
US chemicals 136 24 Cambridge Display Tech. GB electronics 59 24 Dow corning US chemicals 134 25 EPCOS DE semiconductor 58 25 Axcelis Technologies US semiconductor 126 East asia
BCC (2007) 6. 2 11.1 10.2 Displays BCC (2008) 0. 1 0. 2 6. 5 Microelectro-mechanic systems (MEMS) BCC
the Grenoble cluster benefits from a very well organised and integrated infrastructure combining four core elements:
At the Ottawa cluster the microelectronics sector further benefits from the NRC institute for microstructural sciences that through its research enables future hardware development.
The importance of Photonics can be seen from the multitude of application sectors where it is seen increasingly to be driving innovation (see Table 6-1). These sectors include information processing, communication, imaging, lighting, displays, manufacturing, life sciences and health care,
Consumer Electronics, Office Automation, Printing Optical Disk drives Laser printers and Copiers, PODS, Fax and MFPS Digital Cameras and Camcorders, Scanners Barcode Scanners Systems for Commercial
Printing Lasers for IT Sensors (CCD, CMOS) Optical Computing Tetrahertz Systems in Photonics Lighting Lamps LEDS OLEDS Flat Panel Displays LCD Displays Plasma
Displays OLEDS and Other Displays Display Glass and Liquid crystals Solar energy Solar cells Slar Modules Defence Photonics Vision and Imaging Systems, Including Periscopic Sights Infrared and Night vision
Systems Ranging Systems Munition/Missile Guiding Systems Military Space Surveillance systems Avionics Displays Image Sensors Lasers Optical Systems and Components Optical Components
Lighting and Displays: Innovative lighting systems create convenient surroundings and save energy. Semiconductor light sources LEDS (light emitting diodes) and organic LEDS (OLEDS) provide advantages like:
medicine, displays, and a whole range of sensors for chemicals, biological materials and in the environment.
EN Solar energy 4%Flat panel displays Lighting 26%8%Information technology 21%Optical communications 5%Midecal tech. & life science 8%Measurement & automated
. & Printing BMBF (2007) 47.7 88 6 European Competitiveness in KETS ZEW and TNO EN 218error!
EN Lighting BMBF (2007) 18.5 31.9 6 Flat Panel Displays BMBF (2007) 61 119 7 Solar energy BMBF (2007) 9 31
The cluster management has two core functions. First, it represents the activities of cluster firms to the outside world through a website, database, press releases but also coordinated events at industry fairs globally.
The European industry has a weak position in the sectors of information technology and flat panel displays (Photonics21, 2007b.
consumer goods BCC (2010) Thick film devices, processes and applications 0. 027 2007 0. 05 2014 9 electronic devices, energy devices, display devices, mechanical/chemical
A considerable potential is expected in the areas of energy (mid-term market volume of €19 billion, e g. catalysts and batteries),
toys and recycling. 85 There are 50 core players, engaging in manufacturing, processing, services, engineering, design, retailing and recycling.
and Liège with the support of private investors96 The firm received seed funding and venture capital to prove the commercial viability of carbon nanotubes and nanopowders for flat screens applications (Eco-innovation Futures
and simply reflects that developing AMT is at the core of this industry, the high shares for vehicle and electronics manufacturer are more interesting.
Whereas in the early stages emphasis will be on knowledge development and careful building of a strong core in the cluster
Given that the innovating firm is at the core of national innovation systems, a better understanding of shifting innovation strategies at the firm level is of fundamental importance to the actions of policy-makers within the national innovation systems framework.
most scholars share the core view that a country's NSI pursues some given goals,
corporate OI and its effect on NSI effectiveness therefore lie at the core of our analysis. Subsequently, we examine functions, processes or activities, following the functional approach.
this argument is consistent with the NSI core concept whereby multifarious efforts foster different kinds of collaboration and networking activity 39,40.
Technologies, Institutions and Organisations, Printer, London, 1997.7 J. P. J. d. Jong, T. Kalvet, W. Vanhaverbeke, Exploring a theoretical framework to structure the public policy implications, Technol.
To do so, Born to be digital explores three core areas: How CIOS with the widest remit
and greatest responsibility those in highly IT-intensive industries differ from their peers What lessons CIOS can take from their peers who are leading the digital transformation efforts in terms of their core tenets and mindset
and greater influence About this report 4 Born to be digital 51%53%67%38%strongly agree that they are taking the lead in pioneering new digital approaches within their business. of CIOS within ITINTENSIVE industries are engaged highly on core strategic issues
Most revealingly, a core subset of this group of IT-intensive IT leaders those who are engaged most strategically in their jobs were seen to stand out from their peers in terms of both influence and satisfaction.
Nearly 4 in 10 (38%)of CIOS in IT-intensive industries are engaged highly in core strategic issues delivering transformation
six core traits Our research shows that the elite CIOS leading digital transformation in their businesses differ in their mindset and thinking in six key ways.
a core set of digital technologies including mobile, social, the cloud and big data are transforming the way companies
The rise of the digital business A core set of digital technologies mobile, social, the cloud and data, among others are transforming companies at both an operational and a strategic level.
There are three core changes here: 3 1. Using digital to enhance traditional business models, such as moving from selling products to providing services Streetcar and Xerox are two examples 2. Transforming existing business models to offer new digital services such as 100flowers selling via Facebook
To reset this, Herz has been given a direct mandate from the board to be an active participant in core strategic decisions.
This is especially apparent in a core set of sectors including technology companies, banks and life sciences firms that already spend a high proportion of their revenue ON IT.
This focus captures many of the firms that are using IT at the very core of their business banks, pharmaceutical companies, telecommunications firms, media houses and, of course,
what is common across all these companies is that IT is a core boardroom topic,
Technology (including software, hardware, IT services and e-commerce) Telecommunications Banking Media and entertainment Other Pharmaceutical and biotechnology 16%20%7%15%20%22%IT-intensive industry CIOS refers to the CIOS surveyed for this report,
This recognition of the need for a broader palette of skills to draw upon, beyond any core IT competencies, is reflected also in the choices that many IT-intensive industry CIOS make with regard to their education and job experience,
This is true internally, where they have weaker links with core figures such as the CEO or CFO,
We find these attributes to be closest to the core set of skills and capabilities needed to drive the digital transformation,
what best enable CIOS to deliver on core business changes, such as the digital transformation now underway. 20 Born to be digital Six distinctive traits of digital-ready CIOS:
Bob Sydow, Americas IT Advisory Leader at EY, notes that one of the core capabilities needed for digital-ready CIOS is an intimate knowledge of the firm's business architecture,
who explains that true storytelling requires a deep grasp of the core of the business and how it works,
It's about your ability to go head-to-head with business executives in discussions about IT's role in changing the core of the business.
what the core of the narrative ought to be: If you are working in IT all day,
rather than on trying to squeeze limited gains from the company's core IT systems.
but digging deeper reveals a much stronger core satisfaction with their positions and prospects. Across all elements of their jobs, they express greater satisfaction with their work than their IT-intensive industry peers do.
which is given vital how much this is a core part of their job: 60%find this strongly satisfying,
it's a much more involved decision to know when to do the same for a company's core financial systems,
These sectors included technology (including hardware, software and other IT services), financial services, life sciences, telecommunications, online and e-commerce.
49,999 22%50,000 and more 19%23%Software, hardware and computer services Banking and financial services 19%8%Chemical, bio-and medical technology 14%Telecommunication operators
Therefore, adequate flexibility in its dynamic capability constitutes a significant part of the core competence for a firm's innovative sustainability.
Global Entrepreneurship Monitor, Rapport voor Bel en Vlaanderen. 6. Wickham, Philip A. 2006. Strategic Entrepreneurship, Pearson, Fourth Edition. 7. Zimmerer, Thomas W. and Scarborough, Norman M. Essentials of Entrepreneurship and S Business management.
ICT (hardware and services) and Food (including functional foods), and 38 http://www. forfas. ie/publication/search. jsp?
Ennis and Thurles Other Advance Limerick Regeneration Key Actions (Extract) 45 Develop the urban core of Limerick city in a structured and cohesive way,
Dublin City is the core of the region with a population of 505,739 (administrative area of the City council.
ICT hardware and the food and drinks Educational attainment to third level is higher than all other regions.
CSO National Accounts, Database Direct Food and Drink 15%Pharmaceuticals 6%Medical Technologies 7%ICT Hardware 9%ICT Services Financial services 20
Fitzsimons & O'Gorman (2008) Entrepreneurship in Ireland (Global Entrepreneurship Monitor Report for Ireland) 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 State
so that companies tend to outsource non-core activities or to offshore them to locations where it makes business sense.
Ireland's economic structure is shifting towards a higher proportion of services exports, balanced with a core of high-value added 3 Forfás (2008) Sharing our Future, IBM (2008) Drivers
and successful regions have a dynamic and vibrant city at their core. The RCAS acknowledge the importance of gateways and their role as drivers of regional economic development
In the context of this sectoral convergence, core skills become transferrable across sectors, for example, biology, chemistry, engineering, electronics, logistics and software;
reflecting a core competency within the region that provides a basis for further growth and development.
Multinational companies in the sector are tending to focus on activities where they have strengths and to outsource non-core activities (such as late stage manufacturing,
Enterprise Ireland Enterprise Ireland's core objective is to drive export growth by creating and growing internationally competitive businesses
such as Keenans and the large dairy and beef processors such as Glanbia and Slaney Meats, who work directly with farmers in improving productivity.
Multinational companies in the sector are tending to focus on activities where they have strengths and to outsource non-core activities (such as late stage manufacturing,
reflecting a core competency within the region that provides a basis for further growth and development.
and revenue models e g. online subscriptions rather than CD ROM. The pay-as-you-go, subscription pricing of Cloud computing can enable companies (with perhaps vast IT systems built up over years) to cut capital expenditure ON IT
publishing and printing, encompasses firms that trade domestically as well as those trading internationally and employs circa 26,000 people37.
The broad sector displays strong growth prospects; driven by changing consumer behaviour/preferences in the sector, the increasing power of mobility & devices,
Employment in‘core'games companies39 amounted to over 2 000 at the end of 2010, representing a fivefold increase on the level estimated in 200440.
Publishing activities (4, 400), Motion picture, video and TV programme (3, 000), Programming & broadcasting (4, 300), Advertising & market research (6, 100), Printing & reproduction
It excludes spending on hardware used for playing games. 39‘Core'games companies refers to companies directly involved in the production of games 40 Electronic Games Study, Forfás, 2004 (unpublished) and The Games Sector in Ireland:
which could reach 4, 500 (in‘core'games companies by 2014). Key Regional Assets The digital media sector is diverse in terms of its composition and similar to green/clean tech,
from general engineering, core employment, welding, fabrication, hairdressing to information and communications technologies and has centres of excellence for training related to Motor Mechanics, Agricultural Mechanics and Heavy Goods Vehicle
and exploiting core competences. What is evident now is that firms are outsourcing a broader range of progressively more complex business functions.
WIT has total staff of 906, with a core staff of 766,60 Exchequer funded research staff and 80 other specialist staff.
as it is essential that the core research strengths built up to date through the PRTLI, by SFI and EI in WIT are nurtured
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