%and technology hardware & equipment (4%).Figure 1: Expected changes of R&d investment of the surveyed companies 2013-15, p. a. Note:
Million euros in 2011.5%0%5%10%Software & Computer Services Pharmaceuticals & Biotechnology Technology Hardware & Equipment Health care Equipment & Services Electronic & Electrical Equipment General
Technology Hardware & Equipment, Software & Computer Services, and Health care Equipment & Services 49 47%Medium R&d intensity Industrial Engineering, Electronic & Electrical Equipment, Automobiles & Parts, Chemicals, Aerospace & Defence, General Industrials
In the high R&d intensity group, expected R&d investment changes from pharmaceuticals & biotechnology (4. 4%)and technology hardware & equipment (3. 6%)are slightly above those of last year's survey
-5%0%5%10%15%Software & Computer Services Pharmaceuticals & Biotechnology Technology Hardware & Equipment Health care Equipment & Services Electronic & Electrical Equipment General
Companies in the technology hardware & equipment and pharmaceuticals & biotechnology (high R&d intensity) report the highest average shares.
pharmaceuticals & biotechnology, technology hardware & equipment, software & computer services, health care equipment & services,
sector group**Pharmaceuticals & Biotechnology 24 108 22.2%above 40%High technology Hardware & Equipment 10 47 21.3%above 40%High Software & Computer Services 8
This is the result of the high share of R&d employees in large companies that responded from technology, hardware & equipment and pharmaceuticals & biotechnology (high R&d intensity), automobiles & parts, industrial engineering,
%and technology hardware & equipment (4%).The responding companies carry out a quarter of their R&d outside the EU. Their expectations for R&d investment for the next three years show continued participation of European companies in the global economy, in particular growth
System virtualisation separates an operating system from its underlying hardware resources; resource virtualisation abstracts physical resources into manageable units of functionality.
they monitor hardware and software for their state, present their capabilities, or collect configuration parameters.
by replacing a plethora of proprietary hardware and software platforms with generic solutions supporting standardised development and deployment stacks.
middleware and hardware levels (3. Analysis) that can be gathered, processed, aggregated and correlated (4. Mapping) to provide knowledge that will support management operations of large enterprise applications (5. Federated Agreements)
, low-power sensor nodes, from attacks by hosting their REPS on more powerful hardware. Unlike other models, the Smart Object model considers also real-world entities in its model
Also can be created other kinds of classification, such as hardware, software and network, among others. Some one of them (not all) can be used as resources in others relevant literature.
The benefits for the use of the propositional logic for network formalization is the implementation facility in software and hardware.
However, the protocol implementation should not impact hardware offloading of segmentation and check-summing. One reason that MPTCP uses TCP-Options for signalling (rather than the payload) is that it should simplify offloading by network cards that support MPTCP,
One challenge for the technologists designing new hardware, software systems, and platforms, however, is to be aware that technology is not value-free,
An FPGA based hardware accelerator has been developed for PLA 24 accelerating cryptographic operations. Security Design for an Inter-Domain Publish/Subscribe Architecture 171 Fig. 1. Publications can refer to other publications persistently using long-term Aids.
Hardware subtask final report. Helsinki University of Technology, Tech. Rep (2008), http://www. tcs. hut. fi/Software/PLA/new/doc/PLA HW FINAL REPORT. pdf 25.
Another source of failure stems from the fact that large-scale computing clouds are built often using low-cost commodity hardware that fails (relatively) often.
or recover from software and hardware failures. For building such resilient systems, important tools are data replication,
A more practical solution is to use Trusted Computing to verify correct policy enforcement 6. Trusted computing instantiation as proposed by the Trusted Computing Group (TCG) uses secure hardware to allow a stakeholder
such channels are frozen often in hardware and thus cannot easily be reduced. 218 R. Glott et al.
Also the acquisition of specific measurement equipment is often difficult in local labs due to the high costs of such hardware.
and hardware to support active and passive high precision measurement. Such an infrastructure helps experimenters to perform measurements
Furthermore, the diversity of services as well as the underlying hardware and software resources comprise management issues highly challenging, meaning that currently,
a diversity in terms of hardware resources leads to a diversity of management tools (distinguished per vendor).
The Cloud technologies are emerging as a new provisioning model 2. Cloud stands for ondemand access to IT hardware or software resources over the Internet.
while typical software/hardware guarantee terms constraint the quality of each single execution of a service, in this use case the guarantee terms constraint the average value of KPIS computed for hundreds of executions
and the hardware and system software in the datacenters that provide those services 12. Cloud computing may be considered the basic support for a brand new business reality where FINERS can easily be searched,
because no special hardware equipment is used in the GSN. Figure 2 illustrates the architectures of a hydroelectricity and two green nodes
procuring hardware and /or software tools (installation, training, and subsequent reorganisation), continuous maintenance, servicing costs and telecommunications charges.
to guarantee the independence from hardware and software platforms, the highest interoperability and the possibility to reuse the preexisting information and services..
hardware; internet access, including WLAN;(field specific) software; access to computer support Data easily available. 15 Student gender balance Number of female students as a percentage of total enrolment Indicates social equity (a balanced situation is considered preferable.
Service Models Dhar 4 defines cloud computing as the structure that provides the ability to the users to utilize the hardware, software,
NET) Storage (DB/File) Infrastructure---Computation (VM) Storage (Block) Hardware---CPU, Memory, Disk, Bandwidth Resources Managed at Each Layer Software as a service (Saas) Platform as a service
One example is the usage of energy efficient hardware architecture that allows better utilization of hardware resources such as CPU and memory.
and hardware support. 4. Based on the last point, there will be a possibility of losing the expert employees,
Innovation New Hardware/Software Experience Fig. 2. 3 Cloud computing supplier selection. Adapted from 19 36 2 Cloud computing necessities.
hardware, programs, processing) would be done by a vendor(‘‘the cloud), ''although responsibility for information technology would be retained by the company.
Finally, Mobile device Virtualization solutions are a kind of hardware virtualization, allowing, e g.,, the use of two or more operating systems on the same mobile device.
Cost cuts can be achieved by lower spending in hardware and other types of infrastructures, as employees will be more mobile
In other words, instead of focusing solely on securing hardware devices, firms have to concentrate on protecting the corporate data that will be accessed by a range of devices 14.3.
there are direct effects for IT consumerization on the existing IT policies and procedures regarding hardware and software failure.
The production of highly innovative software and hardware products has always been the focus of Apple and, traditionally,
and brought to the market hardware and software products with a high degree of innovation, but it has transformed radically its business environment,
programmers, and hardware engineers, committed to Table 10.6 User value indicators Fast learning Yes User interface Good User experience Very good Process impact Low User feedback Very good
The total market for big data hardware, software, and services in 2012 was US$11. 5 billion,
it probably makes sense to use only purpose-built hardware. Generic servers may be fine for smaller projects and proofs of concept
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