| Computer programming (283) |  |
Optimization techniques, such as constraint programming, are helpful for route allocation. The choice of aircraft model is made according to the number of passengers or loads.
They are in charge of the direction, programming and facilitation of research in their areas of expertise:
For example, a difficult inventory problem solution can also be looked at as a mixed integer-programming problem.
Or either of these perspectives on the problem might be restated as a dynamic programming or systems dynamics simulation problem.
deploy and optimize business processes themselves (i e. without manual programming by software engineers). This third BPM wave initiated by Smith
and computer programming. 3. Introduce a National Register for volunteer entrepreneurs who would be willing to visit schools to engage with students at local level. 2. 3 Encouragement for Under-Represented Groups The majority of the actions being taken by Government are helpful
and computer programming. 3. Introduce a National Register for volunteer entrepreneurs who would be willing to visit schools to engage with students at local level. 2. 3 Encouragement for Under-Represented Groups 4. As part of an entrepreneurship cultural awareness campaign,
so in the 2014-2020 programming period, is to eliminate the phenomenon, referred to as West Transdanubia's innovation paradox.
In the 2014 2020 programming period, counties and urban counties (i e. 23 towns with county rights) will become important actors of the territorial development system.
this latter organisation prepares guidelines for county officials to facilitate their planning and programming exercises,
and Settlement Development Operational Programme (TSDOP) will be allocated in a decentralised manner at county-level in the coming programming period.
county-level municipalities neither possess any experts (huge capacity gap) nor have any experience in such a planning-programming exercise.
Regional Innovation Monitor Plus 15 (over the coming programming period) to be allocated in a decentralised way for the financing of their own programmes.
The average of 57%has increased significantly over the programming period. Although no data are available about the share of Structural Funds in GBAORD in the 2011-2013 period, the official statement that 95%(!
In the 2014 2020 programming period each county will be allocated development funding of HUF 25b, €83m to finance selected development projects incorporated in county-level operational programmes In the 2014-2020 programming period development related funding within the (Territorial
and Settlement Development OP) will be subject to partial decentralisation. The share of this OP is 16.15%of total funding available,
GINOP contains all the innovation related priorities elaborated for the 2014 2020 programming period. The draft Partnership Agreement analyses the alignment between national development priorities
or diminish environmental harm are planned also to be supported in the coming programming period. 24 Regional Innovation Monitor Plus Table 2 Existing Regional Innovation Support Measures Title Duration Policy
County-level strategies have detailed these broad objectives by listing specific projects to be submitted for support from Operational Programmes in the 2014-2020 programming period.
trainings for cluster managers) should also receive support in the next programming period. The evaluation of the Hungarian accredited innovation clusters should be harmonised with the evaluation systems of the European Cluster Observatory. 3. 4 Good Practice Case This section will analyse two cases of policy practice.
the development of electric vehicles and the related infrastructure is bound to benefit from increased policy support in the 2014 2020 programming period.
On the other hand, regional aid intensity will radically diminish in the new programming period. Over the 2007 2013 programming period, EU Structural Funds provided nonnegligible incentives that effectively stimulated the implementation of some relatively disadvantaged stakeholders'(small, undercapitalised enterprises')innovative ideas.
These incentives will vanish for the majority of innovative stakeholders. Only relatively large and well-capitalised actors will be able to apply for support of their innovative ideas
In the 2014-2020 programming period, social innovation is going to be mainstreamed. In the new regulation on the European Social Fund
As a result these algorithms often require algebraic manipulations and complex programming. Numerical estimation of this matrix is also possible
+1) deal with the programming and monitoring of implementation of the centrally managed programmes directly targeting innovation.
additional human resources are provided by Die Zeit for the publication and programming of the online-version.
as well as completely new types of work such as web-design, app development, software programming or any other types which need ICT
Regional Development Councils and their working agencies are simple intermediary organisations, responsible for programming and strategy preparation but without any real decisionmaking power.
In the 2007-2013 programming period, as a result of the increase of financial allocation to core‘Lisbon'activities, an unprecedented amount of funding became available for RTDI efforts.
whose responsibilities together with their agency type work organisations include the design of regional development plans (programming
and formulates a strategy about how to avoid these deficiencies in the current programming period.
but almost 1/3 of the TV programming gets viewed on non-TV platforms such as computers, ipads,
In the new programming period 2014-2020, five ministries will be responsible for the implementation of the Operational Programmes of the EU Structural Funds.
Concerning the new programming period 2014-2020, the Hungarian government will allocate three times more funding for RDI purposes that in the past 2007-2013 period,
in the new programming period 2014-2020 the Hungarian government will increase the funding for RDI purposes compared to the past 2007-2013 period.
the RDI strategy will be the guiding document for planning of the budget allocations for research, development and innovation for the next programming period 2014-2020.
In the new programming period 2014-2020, five ministries incorporate both the managing authorities and intermediary bodies that responsible for the implementation and technical administration of the Operational Programmes of the EU Structural Funds.
This institutional setup is basically a return to the system that was in place until 2006 before the programming period 2007-2013.
potential interventions in order to provide information and input for longer planning, especially for programming of the next community financial framework 2014-2020.
There is a clear link being established between the RIS3 and the Economic Development and Innovation Operational Programme (GINOP) that is of the most important programming documents for the 2014-2020 EU financial cycle.
Further 83.7 million (HUF 24.3 billion) was allocated for the second phase of ELI in the next programming period 2014-2020.
and implementation of research and innovation policies(+)In the new programming period 2014-2020,60%of the Structural Funds will be used for economic development purposes, out
joint calls or joint programming with other countries(+)The horizontal priority of the RDI strategy addresses the global social challenges
and licences 3. 4 Programming 4. Safety 4. 1 Protecting devices 4. 2 Protecting personal data 4. 3 Protecting health 4. 4
, solving technical problems, and programming, among others. Becoming a successful entrepreneur requires business skills as well, such as operations and management, finance, marketing, communications, research,
Information technology Outsourcing (ITO) Refers to the outsourcing of computer or internet related work, such as programming.
Its objective is to teach the high-level abstraction of programming as a sequence of instructions to young children in schools
Guidance on programming social innovation in the Structural Funds 1. The role of social innovation in Cohesion policy 48 2. Programming Social Innovation 55 Part 4:
which introduced four principles (additionality, concentration, partnership and programming) into the revised regulations. Since then, many of the most innovative approaches have been developed either in Community Initiative programmes such as URBAN and EQUAL (and similarly in LEADER) or in the smaller scale innovative actions
This is reflected by the Commission's proposal for the regulatory framework of the future (2014-2020) programming period.
Guidance on programming social innovation in the Structural Funds 49 enterprises, etc. -on how this framework can be used for implementing social innovation in favour of policies
and take part in planning, programming, implementation and monitoring. This is a prerequisite for finding the right priorities for funding
In terms of programming, the provision translates into the possibility to design social innovation programmes through every ESF investment priority.
On the other hand, the future Cohesion Policy sets up a number of programming tools such as Financial Instruments or Integrated Territorial Investments,
a higher EU co-financing rate may be granted. 2. Programming Social Innovation Programming options In the current programming period,
there have been two types of systemic approaches to programming social innovation in ESF operational programmes. 85 A dedicated priority axis
In principle, programming can follow multiple approaches and also combine these. Possibilities range from one or some specific social innovation interventions linked to specific themes to mainstreaming social innovation throughout the OP. 1. Member States
This approach can be applied in one or more axes of the OP. 85 The principle of Innovation in the new ESF programmes (2007-2013 A framework for programming.
in particular in the work of the ESF and ERDF and it will receive particular attention in the programming exercise
which the public authorities can organise support for social innovation in the programming of their investments.
and the programming documents will present their contribution to social innovation. The focus of ESF support will fall on employment and social policies:
In the current programming period (2014-20) the European Social Fund (ESF) will also contribute to the 20%climate mainstreaming target by supporting the labour force transition towards low-carbon skills, jobs and working methods,
O F C H A n G E s 2. 1. 2. European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) The ERDF has contributed to social innovation alongside the ESF in past programming periods
which it has the potential to continue to do so during the new programming period, covering the years 2014-20.
as one of the crosscutting objectives for the programming period, and provides a broad range of concrete instruments to cope with the different conditions and needs of our rural areas.
SWOT analysis focus on the economic, social and environmental conditions of the programming area, identification of needs, selection of measures and assessment of ex ante conditionalities.
The so-called‘Community-Led Local Development'(CLLD), towards which the LEADER approach has evolved in the 2014-20 programming period,
As the new programming period for the Funds emphasised the alignment of the Funds'activities with the priorities of the Europe 2020 Strategy and the CSRS
the conference also considered how social policy innovation could be supported best in the context of the 2014-20 programming period for the ESIF, in particular the ESF and the Easi programme.
Three initiatives JASPER, JESSICA and JASMINE177 were developed in the 2007-13 programming period by the European commission, the European Investment Bank Group and other financial institutions.
nowadays so called cashbased programming in emergencies has become commonplace: communities empowered to use local markets via vouchers or smart cards.
Three Directors-General, 40 senior managers and representatives of 4 key networks (internal communication, external communication, strategic planning and programming, HR), came together around our shared purpose
The Strategic Planning and Programming community of practitioners has worked relentlessly since 2008 to improve the way strategic planning is practiced in the institution.
What begins as a group of people looking for a place to work becomes a community through conscious and careful curating and programming.
and exchanging programming code for software development. There are several examples of software that have been developed under an open source philosophy.
and exchanging programming code for software development (the open source hardware activists). Firms, organisations, and not-for-profit communities supporting open source activists are considered enablers within the open source community.
Primo aims to teach the high level abstraction of programming as a sequence of instructions to young children in schools,
Because modern programming tends to be about assembling code in the form of libraries, open source work,
In essence this people-centred approach to programming has meant Github has become a social networking site for programmers.
which would encourage programming experimentation and encourage a new generation of students to pursue computing science scholarship,
the Raspberry Pi supports MIT's Scratch platform meaning kids can gain a deeper knowledge of computer game programming by building their own game
As is suggested above Raspberry Pi seeks to inspire an emerging generation of young people to become more engaged with computer programming (and Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics education more generally STEM education henceforth.
The overall cost for the DIY programming project, using Google's recommended materials, is under $50 and, importantly,
Coder is designed also to work alongside instruction from other programming websites like Codeacademy and Khan academy.
commoditised products they felt had left an emerging generation as being unable to penetrate the system's interface to experiment with programming.)
Primo aims to teach the high level abstraction of programming as a sequence of instructions to young children in schools,
Because modern programming tends to be about assembling code in the form of libraries, open source work,
In essence this people-centred approach to programming has meant Github has become a social networking site for programmers.
which would encourage programming experimentation and encourage a new generation of students to pursue computing science scholarship,
the Raspberry Pi supports MIT's Scratch platform meaning kids can gain a deeper knowledge of computer game programming by building their own game
As is suggested above Raspberry Pi seeks to inspire an emerging generation of young people to become more engaged with computer programming (and Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics education more generally STEM education henceforth.
The overall cost for the DIY programming project, using Google's recommended materials, is under $50 and, importantly,
Coder is designed also to work alongside instruction from other programming websites like Codeacademy and Khan academy.
commoditised products they felt had left an emerging generation as being unable to penetrate the system's interface to experiment with programming.)
Schools and universities produce a steady flow of graduates trained in software programming, network design and other technical aptitudes,
The focus of the current programming period is on soft measures such as capacity building and institution building leading to greater competitiveness, innovation, and employment.
The most recent and current programming period for Cohesion Policy is 2007-2013. This period has been marked by two major
Such funding initially prioritised infrastructure but the current programming period focuses on softer aspects such as institutions, capacities, know-how, etc.
The next EU programming period will certainly result in a transition to lower levels of structural funds;
This massive amount of support is actually a reduction compared with the preceding programming period,
especially in view of the need to transit to the next programming phase where the region is likely to benefit from a reduced level of EU Structural Funds.
As a result these algorithms often require algebraic manipulations and complex programming. Numerical estimation of this matrix is also possible
For example, UCB's IT team deployed a new flash memory-based system that boosted the overall performance of the company's statistical programming by a factor of 20.
Publishing activities (4, 400), Motion picture, video and TV programme (3, 000), Programming & broadcasting (4, 300), Advertising & market research (6, 100), Printing & reproduction
where different types of stakeholders are involved in research programming In the UK NESTA provided interesting examples of new forms of labs that deal with social challenges (climate, aging, health. etc) Proposal 6:
Its objective is to teach the high-level abstraction of programming as a sequence of instructions to young children in schools
how the next programming period will still support them and where to obtain more detailed information about each one.
59 For the 2014-2020 programming period, the European commission has proposed establishing a Programme for the Competitiveness of Enterprises and Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (COSME.
For the next programming period, the investment's priorities proposed under the Cohesion Policy cover these aspects with an emphasis on connecting universities to regional growth and developing stronger partnerships within the knowledge triangle.
The Union Programme for Education, Training, Youth and Sport for the programming period 2014-2020.76 72 http://ipts. jrc. ec. europa. eu/activities/research-and-innovation
For the 2014-2020 programming period, the European commission has proposed establishing a Programme for the Competitiveness of Enterprises and Small and Medium-sized enterprises (COSME.
98 instruments will remain essential for the ongoing implementation in the present programming period. But in addition, given the increased role of financial instruments as stated in the cohesion policy post-2013
Structural Funds In the present programming period (2007-2013), under the principle of shared management, Structural Fund resources can be used for establishing financial engineering instruments,
/jeremie en. cfm 122 http://ec. europa. eu/regional policy/thefunds/instruments/jessica en. cfm 101 In the current programming period (2007-2013), similar to the Structural
For the 2014-2020 programming period, the European commission has proposed the establishment of a Programme for the Competitiveness of Enterprises and Small and Medium-sized enterprises (COSME.
In the current programming period, ensuring innovation for sustainable growth requires improved coordination between different operational and rural development programmes in the areas of innovation, competitiveness, environment and energy.
For the next programming period, the contribution of key areas of sustainable growth is ensured. Environment, climate change and energy are included specifically in the draft new regulatory package,
For the next programming period social innovation is treated in a horizontal way in the ESF regulation.
Pharmaceutical Programming 1 (1)( 2008) 13 19 7. Andrade, S.,Kahler, K.,Frech, F.,Chan, K.:
and implement the‘Coding across the curriculum'programme to enhance computer programming skills across the curriculum;
which consistently emphasises a looming acute shortage of computer programming skills. It is anticipated that a consortia of organisations with appropriate professional capacity
Students will undertake regular high school curriculum subjects alongside technical subjects such as computer programming, graphics, logic and problem solving.
The Tuscany Region has selected this good practice to potentially contribute to its 2014-2020 regional programming
and are suited therefore well to be addressed jointly, for example, between the partners of European Research Area and with the support of European policies and measures (e g. through the Joint Programming Initiatives).
information channels of communication, staff exchanges and interagency joint programming (OECD, 2012f). ) Some of these new challenges can be grouped as follows:
but more in particular to the pivotal role of the regional development agencies BOM (the provincial‘agency'in regional innovation and competitiveness programming) and Brainport Development.
which is in the heart of the new Structural Funds programming period 2014-2020. In terms of vision and ambition Brainport 2020 sets the stage for smart development of the region.
Critical in programming will be the national willingness and ability to (co) finance. Brainport 2020 has been designed as a Smart Specialisation Strategy
A challenge in view of smart specialisation regional programming is the (so far non-resolved) lack of national public matching funds, also for cross-border collaboration.
Moreover, in the runner-up to the new programming period 2014-2020 current available funding for regional projects is almost zero,
new smart specialisation programming offers a number of advantages for Brainport Eindhoven, of which the opportunities to extend
Priority setting is defined by the Andalusian Plan for Research, Development and Innovation for 2007-2013 (PAIDI), the main tool for programming, coordinating
Finally, this Plan takes the programming documents of the National Strategic Reference Framework 2007-2013 into account,
ii) to prepare the region for the new 2007-13 EU programming period in order to efficiently stream financial funds into the region;
and are suited therefore well to be addressed jointly between the partners of European Research Area and with the support of European policies and measures for example through the Joint Programming Initiatives.
regionalisation of publication data currently requires text mining and programming procedures. Regionalization of the Scopus data is given even more cumbersome the lower quality of the address information in this database.
Hungary also intends to spend nearly one-tenth of the resources coming from the Structural Funds and the Cohesion Fund in the 2014-2020 programming period directly on research & development & innovation,
this amount will increase to EUR 81 billion in the next programming period3. So if Hungary would like to maximise its use of these resources,
The coordination of the instruments of Cohesion Policy and innovation policy has been set as a specific objective by the European commission for the 2014-2020 programming period.
Similarly there may be more resources available for developing the R&d infrastructure at the Union level in the next programming period.
Besides the coordination of and increase in development resources, new types of governmental interventions are to be expected in the next programming period both at the Community level and at national level:
from the demand-side programmes to the uniform patent and standardization package, from establishing a Union-level institutional system for venture capital to supporting the Joint Programming Initiatives. 10 The size of the research and development sector and its main
and at least for the seven years of the next programming period, So, if Hungary would like to use these funding resources in a more effective way then the country has to pay more attention to RDI than the EU average.
A new approach to coordination will feature in European union competitiveness policy in the next programming period,
The support for and encouragement of participation in the European Innovation Partnerships (EIP) and Joint Programming Initiatives (JPI) in the strong national RDI areas. 3) The securing of a more efficient access to the EU programmes
way in the 2014-2020 programming period. 7) The better inclusion of the Hungarian processes of the Enterprise Europe Network into the strategy.
this region is eligible to use EU resources only in a very limited way in the programming perdiod 2014-2020,
Since the primary goal of the Structural and Cohesion Funds in the new EU programming period is to mitigate the economic differences between regions,
The 2014-2020 EU programming period is a good opportunity to establish an efficient tax-side incentive mechanism.
According to current EU programming companies will be able to use a significant part according to preliminary analysis,
if an average annual funding of HUF 100 billion is available for RDI in the programming period. 44 The gradual enforcement of competitive practices is desirable
and the demands of the 2014-2020 programming period to bring smart specialization into prominence.
electronic and optical products (26) Air transport (51) Publishing activities (58) Motion picture, video and television programme production, sound recording and music publishing activities (59) Programming
and broadcasting activities (60) Telecommunications (61) Computer programming, consultancy and related activities (62) Information service activities (63) Financial service activities,
simplified robot programming; faster robot reconfiguration; mobile platforms. Industrial projects-for SME users able to exploit robotics with feasibility studies (using local university students and mentors),
activities, 612-Wireless telecommunications activities, 613-Satellite telecommunications activities, 619-Other telecommunications activities, 6201-Computer programming activities, 6202-Computer consultancy activities
, computer peripheral equipment and software 4652 Wholesale of electronic and telecommunications equipment and parts 5820 Software publishing 61 Telecommunications 62 Computer programming,
During the current programming period (2014 2020) of the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), regional and national authorities should develop RIS3
For the current programming period (2014 2020), regional and national policy makers are required to develop RIS3 before investing ERDF resources in R&i (European commission, 2010b.
which they will concentrate in the upcoming programming period. Many of the activities indicated by the regions
and RIS3 priorities are ICT and computer programming; this is possibly linked to other scientific activities since RIS3 deal with R&i.
materials recoveryinformation service activitiescomputer programming, consultancy and relatedactivitiesadministrative and support service activities 19 On the other hand, priority choices could simply be based more on future plans than on existing or growing areas of activity.
and communication technologies (ICT) Computer programming consultancy and related activities Information service activities Motion picture, video and television programme production, sound recording and music publishing activities Programming and broadcasting activities Publishing activities
Telecommunications Manufacturing and industry Basic metals and of fabricated metal products Basic pharmaceutical products and pharmaceutical preparations Biotechnology Chemicals and chemical products Coke and refined petroleum
Computer programming, consultancy and related activities J. 63: Information service activities As our approach is aligned with the underlying logic of the Frascati Manual,
In terms of funding, as it is mentioned in the Romanian Partnership Agreement for the 2014-2020 programming period,
General Directorate of Protection of People with Disabilities Programming a medical consult in a hospital 1. Choosing typology hospital as needed 2. Verification of availability 3. Programming 4. Receiving confirmation 1
development and innovation and encouraging the socioeconomic exploitation of the results thereof as priorities in the 2014-2020 programming period.
as well as the delegates of the relevant managing authorities of the 2014-20 programming period. Its priority task is to harmonise the planning of S3 and the Operational Programmes.
EMMI, FM, KKM MTA), including the delegates of the managing authorities concerned in the 2014-2020 programming period.
The chart below shows the four important steps of the programming cycle: 1. Design of the intervention (e g.,
Its objective is to teach the high-level abstraction of programming as a sequence of instructions to young children in schools
and conditions of its licence agreement with independent developers of applications requiring the use of Apple's native programming tools and approved software languages to the detriment of third-party software.
ownership of university patents is regulated as well as copyrighted in relation to computer programming. Regarding the other types of rights (e g. artistic copyright, design rights), the system relies on contractual freedom.
Computer programming is an exception to this rule, as the computer programs belong to Harvard university as sponsored software inventions.
In Finland, there is an exception regarding computer programming the IP of computer programming belongs to the employer,
Different people from various fields like industrial engineering, interaction design, programming, marketing or anthropology are involved often in the innovation process at some stage.
graduates and freelancers involved in sectors such as new media, film, camera, film editing, scripts, graphic design, programming, game design and data visualisation.
Take for example all those programming classes at primary schools all over Europe. In fact, learning any language besides English is relevant for European harmonisation.
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