This article was downloaded by: University of Bucharest On: 03 december 2014, At: 04:57 Publisher: Routledge Informa Ltd Registered in England and Wales Registered Number:
Denning (2005) on the use of narrative tools in combination with strategic analysis for addressing transformational innovation.
Science and Public policy 39, no. 2: 135 9. Denning, S. 2005. Transformational innovation: A journey by narrative.
Geels 2005. It is, however, impossible to categorise a particular innovation based on the characteristics of a technical artefact before it is used.
and the narrative structures (Wright 2005) that are used to make sense of the issue at hand. As decision-making tends to be inherently a political process,
Geels, F. W. 2005. The dynamics of transitions in socio-technical systems: A multilevel analysis of the transition pathway from horse-drawn carriages to automobiles (1860 1930.
Schumpeter, J. A. 2005. The analysis of economic change. Reprinted from Review of Economic Statistics, May 2 10,1935.
Wright, A. 2005. The role of scenarios as prospective sensemaking devices. Management Decision 43, no. 1: 86 101.
Kurzweil (2005) is only one among many to claim that the‘singularity, 'when computer‘intelligence'or at least computer power, may exceed the capabilities of the human brain,
Kurzweil, R. 2005. The singularity is near: When humans transcend biology. London: Duckworth. Lipinski, A j,
Glenn, and Jakil 2005. Foresight exercises provide policy with better problem definitions, ensuring more involvement of stakeholders
and A. Jakil. 2005. Frontiers of futures research: What's next? Technological forecasting and Social Change 72, no. 9: 1064 9. Grin, J,
In 2005, he was a visiting researcher at the Manchester Business school, University of Manchester. His main research fields are foresight methodologies and strategic management of technology and innovation.
In this paper, a new concept of networked sustainability (Cagnin 2005) is introduced as an evolution of the value Net value is redefined to be a triple-bottom-line balance of the creation of economic, environmental and social values to and by all actors within a business's network:
Cagnin 2005), namely social (S), spatial-technological (ST), economic (E), ecological (Ec), political (P) and values-norms (V)( acronym SSTEEPV.
Cagnin (2005. development and delivery of responsible products and services across the network throughout their life cycle.
These are needed the activities for the creation of value in sustainable development (Cagnin 2005. Appendix 3 summarrise the main characteristics of these value activities.
Cagnin 2005; Boden et al. 2010; Cagnin, Amanatidou, and Keenan 2012. Embedding this form of dialogue in the proposed management framework improves the ways in
Cagnin 2005. Also, these are required to link learning and strategy to a long-term common vision of where an organisation wants to position itself within possible alternative futures.
Cagnin 2005) between actors need to be reinforced to allow the coordination and mobilisation of necessary skills and resources towards a common target, aligning therefore strategy and operations across the system.
The Maturity Model suggested in Table 3 (Cagnin 2005) uses the notion of evolution in
The design of the Sustainability Maturity Model is founded on universal principles as well as the maturity of behaviours that can lead to the development of a mature business throughout its network of relationships (Cagnin 2005)
Fredrickson and Losada 2005. As a reminder, the model seeks to enable a common strategy
Fredrickson and Losada 2005) is crucial for choosing a sustainable path to life or for moving the whole system towards higher levels of sustainable development.
Cagnin, C. H. 2005. An information architecture to enable business sustainability. Phd thesis. Manchester: University of Manchester.
and M. Losada. 2005. Positive affect and the complex dynamics of human flourishing, American Psychologist 60, no. 7: 678 86.
Technological forecasting & Social Change 72 (2005) 1122 1136 at Sandia has its roots in the LDRD program.
K. W. Boyack, N. Rahal/Technological forecasting & Social Change 72 (2005) 1122 1136 1123 IA leads were designed to not only benchmark the visualizations,
N. Rahal/Technological forecasting & Social Change 72 (2005) 1122 1136 1124 3. 1. Data collection Two different sets of data were compiled from multiple sources
K. W. Boyack, N. Rahal/Technological forecasting & Social Change 72 (2005) 1122 1136 1125 document matrix.
During our meeting with the CIS area leader, we first K. W. Boyack, N. Rahal/Technological forecasting & Social Change 72 (2005) 1122 1136 1126 gathered information
K. W. Boyack, N. Rahal/Technological forecasting & Social Change 72 (2005) 1122 1136 1127 greatest overlaps with CIS,
K. W. Boyack, N. Rahal/Technological forecasting & Social Change 72 (2005) 1122 1136 1128 Another significant outcome of the meeting with the IA leader was his desire
K. W. Boyack, N. Rahal/Technological forecasting & Social Change 72 (2005) 1122 1136 1129 extract the hidden relationships within the landscape visualization
N. Rahal/Technological forecasting & Social Change 72 (2005) 1122 1136 1130 The first level of analysis identified a macroscale understanding of the overlaps as well as the unique competencies and capabilities that each IA possessed.
N. Rahal/Technological forecasting & Social Change 72 (2005) 1122 1136 1131 areas of interest to Sandia since the map indicates that they are well outside our core competency areas.
The area inside the dashed box is explored further in Fig. 7. K. W. Boyack, N. Rahal/Technological forecasting & Social Change 72 (2005) 1122 1136 1132 competencies,
K. W. Boyack, N. Rahal/Technological forecasting & Social Change 72 (2005) 1122 1136 1133 rolling up all of the IAS to an overall Sandia category.
K. W. Boyack, N. Rahal/Technological forecasting & Social Change 72 (2005) 1122 1136 1134 relationships.
K. W. Boyack, N. Rahal/Technological forecasting & Social Change 72 (2005) 1122 1136 1135 References 1 K. Bfrner, C. Chen, K
K. W. Boyack, N. Rahal/Technological forecasting & Social Change 72 (2005) 1122 1136 1136
This article was downloaded by: University of Bucharest On: 03 december 2014, At: 05:05 Publisher: Routledge Informa Ltd Registered in England and Wales Registered Number:
Lee and Park 2005. Modularisation also makes space for the combination of different foresight methods (Ahlqvist et al. 2007a, 2007b;
The process was realised in 2005 2007 between VTT Technical research Centre of Finlaand FOI (Sweden SINTEF (Norway), and DTI (Denmark.
and Probert (2004), Lee and Park (2005) and Phaal and Muller (2009). Downloaded by University of Bucharest at 05:05 03 december 2014 840 T. Ahlqvist et al.
Park. 2005. Customization of technology roadmaps according to roadmapping purposes: Overall process and detailed modules. Technological forecasting & Social Change 72, no. 5: 567 83.
and Cunninngha 2005) and‘multipath mapping'(Robinson and Propp 2008). It explores the promise of this approach through its application to two illustrative innovation situations:
Tech Mining (Porter and Cunningham 2005) is our shorthand for such activities.‘‘Research profiling'(Porter, Kongthon,
Downloaded by University of Bucharest at 05:05 03 december 2014 Text mining of information resources 845 2. 2. Analysing NESTS NESTS comprise a loose category (Foxon et al. 2005;
van Merkerk and van Lente 2005. We note several innovation system conceptual modelling efforts pertaining particularly to energy technology,
Foxon et al. 2005; Markard 2006. Among the various approaches to capture the essentials of innovation systems,
The data from both DWPI and Factiva show a small peak in 2005 and suddenly decrease in 2006.
when we compared topical concentrations in the SCI DSSC publications between 2005 2007 and 2010 2011,
and text will need to be crafted to the preferences of target users (Porter and Cunningham 2005).
and books, including Tech Mining (Wiley, 2005). He and the co-authors are preparing a Second Edition of Forecasting and Management of Technology (Wiley.
and D. Anderson. 2005. UKINNOVATION systems for newand renewable energy technologies: Drivers, barriers and systems failures.
and H. van Lente. 2005. Tracing emerging irreversibilities in emerging technologies: The case of nanotubes. Technological forecasting & Social Change 72, no. 9: 1094 112.
and S w. Cunningham. 2005. Tech mining: Exploiting new technologies for competitiveadvantage. New york: Wiley. Porter, A l.,Y. Guo, L. Huang,
and information from other sources is expected to be interpreted (Mietzner and Reger, 2005). The Delphi method is regarded as one of the useful information sources for scenario (Loveridge, 1999.
Mietzner, D. and Reger, G. 2005),‘Advantages and disadvantages of scenario approaches for strategic foresight'',International Journal of Technology intelligence and Planning, Vol. 1 No. 2, pp. 220-39.
VA. National science Foundation (2005),‘Managing nano-bio-info-cogno innovations: converging technology society'',National science Foundation, Arlington, VA. Popper, R. 2008),‘How are selected foresight methods?''
1995), Norway (Nordic Innovation Centre, 2007), Canada (National research council Canada, 2005) and other developed countries have accumulated significant experience with such projects.
National research council Canada (2005),‘Looking forward: S&t for the 21st century'',Foresight Consolidation Report, available at www. nrc-cnrc. gc. ca/Nordic Innovation Centre (2007),‘Foresight in Nordic innovation systems'',Nordic Innovation
& future technology of Korea-challenges and opportunities (Korea 2030) China's Report of Technology foresight 2004 Report year 2005 2005 2004 Project promoter/initiator Ministry of Education
Unpublished, 2005. Available at: http://eprints. ncrm. ac. uk/89/1/Methodsreviewpaperncrm-005. pdf, last accessed July 2012.4 J. E. M. Sale, L. H. Lohfeld,
building policy options into a scenario for development in a global knowledge society, Futures 37 (2005) 813 831.74 R. Johnston, Developing the capacity to assess the impact of foresight, Foresight 14 (1
1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
including Tech Mining (Wiley, 2005) and Forecasting and Management of Technology (Wiley, 2011. Jing Wang is an Associate professor of Huaqiao University.
being commented also on briefly the most 0040-1625/$-see front matter D 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. doi:
Technological forecasting & Social Change 72 (2005) 1137 1152 promising approaches under way. The fourth part with conclusions closes the article,
D 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Keywords: Technology evolution; Technological change; Complex systems; Universal Darwinism 1. Introductory thoughts The main objective of this seminar concerns the exploitation of the powerful new capabilities provided by the Information technology Era to advance Future-oriented technology analysis (TFA), both product and process.
whether it T. C. Devezas/Technological forecasting & Social Change 72 (2005) 1137 1152 1138 can ever be achieved.
T. C. Devezas/Technological forecasting & Social Change 72 (2005) 1137 1152 1139 quality control. Peter Corning 5 has pointed out that complexity in nature
the amount of practical work using simulation methods is still a dwarf T. C. Devezas/Technological forecasting & Social Change 72 (2005) 1137 1152 1140 one.
T. C. Devezas/Technological forecasting & Social Change 72 (2005) 1137 1152 1141 Yet in 1925 the American biologist and demographer Raymond Pearl 8 in his seminal book
T. C. Devezas/Technological forecasting & Social Change 72 (2005) 1137 1152 1142 3. 2. To point 2:
if we substitute the words dgenetic underpinningst by building blocks T. C. Devezas/Technological forecasting & Social Change 72 (2005) 1137 1152 1143 (following John Holland's 14 original
T. C. Devezas/Technological forecasting & Social Change 72 (2005) 1137 1152 1144 Such a bridge could be offered by a better-developed danthropology of technique,
& Social Change 72 (2005) 1137 1152 1145 never correctly realized that Darwin in his second
beginning with Donald Campbell 23 in the T. C. Devezas/Technological forecasting & Social Change 72 (2005) 1137 1152 1146 1960s (who coined the term Evolutionary Epistemology to characterize Popper
T. C. Devezas/Technological forecasting & Social Change 72 (2005) 1137 1152 1147 the coevolutionary complexity of managing two inheritance systems (the vertical, genetic,
T. C. Devezas/Technological forecasting & Social Change 72 (2005) 1137 1152 1148 Although a consistent ETTC still not exists
& Social Change 72 (2005) 1137 1152 1149 sophisticated simulations due to the simplicity of its basic assumptions and limitations that must be imposed in the rules governing interactions between agents.
& Social Change 72 (2005) 1137 1152 1150 recent proposal of this author with George Modelski for a seminar on Globalization as Evolutionary Process 40 to be held in the spring of 2005 in Paris,
T. C. Devezas/Technological forecasting & Social Change 72 (2005) 1137 1152 1151 34 J. Goldenberg, B. Libai, Y. Louzoun, D. Mazursky
Control 29 (2005) 225 244.36 Z. Michalewicz, D. B. Vogel, How to Solve it: Modern Heuristics, Springer, Berlin, 2002.37 D. Goldberg, The design of innovations:
T. C. Devezas/Technological forecasting & Social Change 72 (2005) 1137 1152 1152
Adaptive Robust Design under deep uncertainty Caner Hamarat, Jan H. Kwakkel, Erik Pruyt Delft University of Technology policy Analysis Department, PO BOX 5015,2600 GA Delft
Change 76 (2009) 1150 1162.46 P. Martens, J. Rotmans, Transitions in a globalising world, Futures 37 (2005) 1133 1144.47 D. Loorbach, N
Clustering of time series data a survey, Pattern Recog. 38 (2005) 1857 1874.35 J. H. Kwakkel, W. E. Walker, V. A w. J. Marchau
I. Bratko, G. Shaulsky, B. Zupan, Microarray data mining with visual programming, Bioinformatics 21 (2005) 369 398.48 B. P. Bryant, R. J. Lempert
Chang. 72 (2005) 59 73.8 A. Wilkinson, E. Eidinow, Evolving practices in environmental scenarios: a new scenario typology, Environ.
37 (2005) 795 812.19 M. Godet, Integration of scenarios and strategic management: using relevant, consistent, and likely scenario, Futures 22 (1990) 730 739.20 M. Lindgren, H. Bandhold, Scenario planning:
Chang. 72 (2005) 161 173.82 J. Hauschildt, Promoters and champions in innovations: development of a research paradigm, in:
Policy 7 (2005) 64.27 M. Keenan, R. Barré, C. Cagnin, Future-oriented technology analysis: future directions, in: C. Cagnin, M. Keenan, R. Johnston, F. Scapolo, R. Barré (Eds.
Soc. 27 (2005) 321 328.40 M d. Cobb, Framing effects on public opinion about nanotechnology, Sci. Commun. 27 (2005) 221 239.41 M d. Cobb, J. Macoubrie, Public perceptions about nanotechnology:
risks, benefits and trusts, J. Nanopart. Res. 6 (2004) 395 405.42 O. Renn, M. C. Roco, Nanotechnology and the need for risk governance, J. Nanopart.
Washington. 46 M. C. Roco, Environmentally responsible development of nanotechnology, How the U s. Government is Dealing with the Immediate and Long-term issues of this New technology, Environmental science & Technology, 2005.
Chang. 72 (2005) 161 173.22 E. Hiltunen, The future sign and its three dimensions, Futures 40 (3)( 2008) 247 260.23 F. Jégou, K
Operations research Proceedings 2005, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2005, pp. 741 746.29 P. Warnke, E. Schirrmeister, INFU scenario assessment report (deliverable D
Chang. 72 (2005) 1059 1063.3 F. Scapolo, A. Porter, M. Rader, Future-oriented technology analysis (FTA: impact on policy and decision-making the 2006 FTA INTERNATIONAL SEVILLE SEMINAR, Technol.
The Danish Government's Globalisation Strategy, from 2005, and the Danish research 2015 process, from 2008,
The Danish Government's Globalisation Strategy, from 2005, and the Research2015 process, from 2008. In both cases, the impacts have been significant and largely measurable in new legislation and budget allocations.
Based on the Danish Globalisation Strategy from 2005, public expenditures on R&d have increased. Consequently, today, Denmark is among the OECD countries with the highest public expenditures on R&d.
In 2005, two thirds of Danish public research funding was appropriations directly to universities and research centres,
and the goal was to increase the competitive portion from one third in 2005 to one half in 2010.
First, the section describes the Danish government's 2005 Globalisation Strategy. The Globalisation Strategy aimed at a very broad range of policy areas.
Research2015 aimed to set priorities for the government's strategic research programme or at least, parts of this programme. 4. 1. The government's Globalisation Strategy In the spring of 2005,
''which the reelected government presented after the general election in February 2005. The government established an internal Committee of Ministers and a broad-based Council for Globalisation,
From April 2005 to April 2006, the Globalisation Council held 15 meetings. The meetings typically lasted for two days, from lunch to lunch.
and books, including Tech Mining (Wiley, 2005). He focuses on text mining for technology intelligence, forecasting and assessment.
899.10 D. Loveridge, P. Street, Inclusive foresight, Foresight 7 (2005) 31 47.11 K. De Moor, O. Saritas, Innovation Foresight for living labs, in:
Strategies and Limitations from a Socio-Technical Perspective, Profil-Verlag, Munich, 2005, pp. 9 35.17 M. Borup, N. Brown, K. Konrad, H. Van
an examination of fundamental relationships, Journal of Product innovation Management 22 (2005) 128 143.22 S. Dimitri, M. Katrien De, M. Lieven De, E. Tom
Studies 13 (2005) 619 639.43 M. S. Gertler, D. A. Wolfe, Local social knowledge management: community actors, institutions and multilevel governance in regional foresight exercises, in:
combining external and internal scenarios to create strategic foresight, Management Decision 43 (2005) 360 381.69 M. J. Epstein,
classifying the state-of-the-art, Journal of Intellectual Capital 5 (2004) 230 242.75 A. Wu, The integration between balanced scorecard and intellectual capital, Journal of Intellectual Capital 6 (2005) 267.76
education and business activities emerged in 2005 51. In 2008, the European parliament and Council established the EIT as an independent agency in the EU. In the summer of 2009,
Strategic management Journal 21 (2000) 1105 1121.31 A. Sood, G. J. Tellis, Technological evolution and radical innovation, Journal of Marketing 69 (2005) 152 168.32 G
Information Knowledge Systems Management 5 (2005) 245 259.36 S. Ahn, A new program in cooperative research between academia and industry in Korea involving Centers of Excellence, Technovation
Communication from Commission President Barroso (COM 2005), 2005.52 EIT ICT Labs, European Institute of Innovation and Technology:
Technology watch, tech mining (Porter and Cunningham, 2005), web mining (van de Lei and Cunningham, 2006) Descriptive Bibliometrics
Porter, A l and S w Cunningham 2005. Tech Mining: Exploiting New technologies for Competitive advantage. New york: Wiley. Punie, Y,
NISTEP (2005) in Japan executed a scanning-like activity during 2005, which covers expectations across a wide range of societal areas
Positioning of the scans The UK HSC was established in 2005 with a central function to use horizon scanning
2006), also due to more general problems around the interaction of scientific advice, government and society (De Wit, 2005) it is clear that horizon scanning is seen as a valued but also vulnerable learning process (DEFRA,
Alerting function The fact that some of the scan issues published in 2005 (e g. risk of a financial crisis caused by poor lending practices
) These issuue were published also on the Dutch horizon scan website at the end of 2005. References Academy of Finland and TEKES, 2006.
De Wit, B 2005. Methodology of Boundary work at the interface of science policy and society, basis for a manual, RMNO, ISBN 90.72377.62.1.
Technologies clés 2005 (septembre 2000. Available from<http://www. limousin. drire. gouv. fr/di/di/fichiers%20pour%20liens/Technocles. pdf>,last accessed 1 june 2009.
NISTEP 2005. A Comprehensive analysis of Science and Technollog Benchmarking and Foresight, NISTEP report 99. Tokyyo NISTEP.
HE INFORMATION AND communication technologies (ICT) sector accounted for about 5%of the size of the European economy and 3%of total employment in 2005 (Turlea et al.
2009) about 5%of the size of the European economy and 3%of total employment in 2005 (Turlea et al.
distributed and consumed, transforming the creative content value chain (Marcus, 2005). ICT are an important driver for both the supply
adapted from Wiesand and Söndermann (2005) Adaptive foresight in the creative content industries Science and Public policy February 2010 22 a mass audience.
Marcus, C 2005. Future of Creative industries: Implications for Research policy. Working Document EUR 21471. Brussels: European commission.
Wiesand, A j and M Söndermann 2005. The‘Creative Sector':'An Engine for Diversity, Growth and Jobs in Europe.
The study was performed by a team of researchers in Canada in the period 2005 2007.
designed and delivered in the period 2005 2006 was a survey of foresight leaders around the world identified from international meetinngs followed by an expert analysis that delved more deeply into best practices.
Over the years the program went through numerous changes, in the host organization (from National Reseaarc Council 2002 2004, to Privy council office 2005 2006, to Industry Canada 2007 2008.
as early as in 2005 2006, it enabled the authhor to predict the demise of the Canadian foresight effort.
somewhat, but little capacity existed in Canada for academic foresight in 2005 2008 Canada has limited only a number of foresight focused academics,
European foresight monitoring Network Mapping Reports 2005 2007. Available at<http://www. foresight-network. eu>,last accessse 3 february 2010.
and obtained a Phd in medical physiic from the same university in 2005. From 2006 2009 he was a policy researcher at the APEC Center for Technollog Foresight, Bangkok, Thailand.
Phucharoenchanachai (2005) Biosecurity and emerging infectious diseases in Asia-pacific Science and Public policy February 2010 44 In Phase II, the objective was to determine directiion for future R&d
2005) where EID become a threat in the Asia-pacific region over the next decade and beyoond Thirty three experts from seven economies met in Thailand in February 2007 to develop scenarios for the future of EID in the Asia-pacific region.
Phucharoenchanachai, Suthee 2005. EID Concept Paper. Paper presented at the 29th Meeting of APEC Industrial Science & Technology Working group (ISTWG), Singapore.
Veryzer and Borja de Mozota, 2005. T Katrien De Moor (corresponding author), Katrien Berte and Lieven De Marez are at MICT-IBBT, Department of Communicattio Sciences, University of Ghent, Korte Meer
2005). ) In this context we can also refer to policy action that suppoort user-driven innovation, such as the rise of living labs, which are user-driven innovation environmments and the launch of the European Network of Living Labs (ENOLL) in 2006.
2005). ) This theory of‘technological determinism'fits into the‘diffusion of innovations'framework (Rogers, 1995),
She joined MICT in 2005. Her research interests and publications lie in the field of quantitative survey analysis,
University of Ghent and received his Phd degree in 2005. His research focused on the measurement
2005; Lievrouw, 2006. In the SCOT perspective, it is assumed that negotiatiio between certain social groups influences the construction and emergence of new technologies (Bijker and Law, 1992;
2005). ) Although both approaches emphasize the interactiio between technological and societal forces, they have been criticized for their rather linear social determiinism Other theories have a less linear view:
Limonnar and de Koning, 2005: 176) This challenge requires a consolidation of knowleddg and tools from various disciplines (e g. foresigght design,
2005). ) However, the benefits of involving users continuously have already been investigated: users can for example generate unique and valuable ideas for future products (Kristensson et al.
The notion of translators is used also in this context (Veryzer and Borja De Mozota, 2005. In this respect it is relevant to mention the gap betwwee Qoe and Qos, two important concepts in the field of ICT development.
2005. Everyday Innovators: Researching the role of users in shaping ICTS. Dordrecht, The netherlands: Springer verlag. Hansson, E 2006.
Limonard, S and N de Koning 2005. Dealing with dilemmas in pre-competitive ICT development projects:
Veryzer, R W and B Borja de Mozota 2005. The impact of userorieente design on new product development:
Von Hippel, E 2005. Democratizing Innovation. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. Williams, R and D Edge 1996.
Pointner and Rammer, 2005 (for Austria; Görg and Strobl, 2007 (for Ireland. 1 A major advantage of the matching methods rather than the regression approach is that the matching is nonparametric.
A further way of supporting private investment in innovation is through tax incentives for R&d expenditures (see Jaumotte and Pain, 2005 for a survey of the main fiscal policies to support innovation.
Jaumotte and Pain, 2005), a finding also confirmed by the meta-analysis by Garcia-Quevado (2004)
+Pointner and Rammer (2005), Austria Programme of promoting use of CIMT (Flexcim Programme, 1991 1996) 301 (a) Selection correction:
2001) for the role of framework conditions for the evaluation of industry university collaboratioons and Polt and Streicher (2005) for the evaluation of large programmes such as the Framework programmes of the Europeea Union. 2. For overviews of Swiss
Caliendo and Huber (2005) and Caliendo and Kopeinig (2005) give overviews of recent developments with respect to matching methods. 6. We used a‘biweight kernel'(quartic kernel) for the function G(.)It is defined as follows:
Innovationsakttivitäte in der Schweizer Wirtschaf t Eine Analyse der Ergebnisse der Innovationserhebung 2005. Bern: Staatssekretarria für Wirtschaft.
Caliendo, M and R Huber 2005. The microeconometric estimation of treatment effects: an overview. IZA Discussion paper No. 1653.
Caliendo M. and S Kopeinig 2005. Some practical guidance for the implementation of propensity score matching.
Jaumotte, F and N Pain 2005. An overview of public policies to support innovation, OECD Economics department Working papers No. 456.
OECD. Pointner, W and C Rammer 2005. Wirkungsanalyse. In Diffusionsorienntiert Technologiepolitik Eine vergleichende Wirkungsanaalys für Österreich, die Schweiz, Deutschland und die USA, W Pointner and W Polt (eds..
Polt, W and G Streicher 2005. Trying to capture additionality in Framework programme 5: main findings.
3. The value of out-of-the-box thinking in a foresight exercise The concept of out-of-the-box thinking adopted in this paper is related to learning organization theory (Tosey 2005.
Brummer (2005: 156) The idea is thought a-oriented process aiming to make decisions or share perceptions, free from prejudice, cultural influence,
>References Brummer, H. L. 2005)‘ A dynamic competitive analysis model for global mining firms',Doctor of commerce thesis, University of South africa.
Tosey, P. 2005)‘ The hunting of the learning organization: A paradoxical journey',Management Learning, 36: 335 52.
Table 3. Allocations for S&t by Central Government in main S&t programs (in million RMB) Item 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
the Case 973 Program (in million RMB) Item 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 Total 589 686 800 897 983
White et al. 2005. As a result, there is a severe shortage of innovation funding, particulaarl for private firms and for SMES (The Economist 2009;
'or‘homegrown innovation'and strive to reduce China's dependence on foreign Technology research priority setting in China. 267 (Mei and Luo 2005).
with MOST expressing skepticism (Mei and Luo 2005). During 2005, officials involved in the drafting sought input from foreign experts
and diplomats on how they viewed the term‘indigenous innovation'(zizhu chuangxin). Overall, the processes surrounding priority-setting in China's national S&t programs are characterized by formal and elaborate processes with an emphasis on input by scientific experts,
and 2005 decisions and plans to strengthen the S&t infrastructure, linking investments in S&t to broader societal goals
White, S.,Gao, J. and Zhang, W. 2005)‘ Financing new ventures in China: System antecedents and institutionalizatioon'Research policy, 34: 894 913.
Overtext Web Module V3.0 Alpha
Copyright Semantic-Knowledge, 1994-2011