The article illustrates the use of roadmapping as a tool for TA contributions to the sustainability assessment of emerging technologies.
according to visions of sustainable development, developed in a participatory foresight process. We, therefore, see adaptive planning as a way to overcome this lack of realism in much foresight work
but also in relation to sustainability and other long-term, uncertainty-ridden policy issues. There are several types of foresight approaches and methodologies,
whether this influence really goes in the right direction with regard to the intended superordinate goals such as sustainability.
experiences were made with Strategic Niche Management19 and Transition Management20 as approaches to devise forward-looking policy strategies for long-term transformations of infrastructure and sectoral innovation systems towards sustainability.
University of Twente/IPTS, Enschede, 1999 Sevilla. 38 R. Hoogma, K. M. Weber, B. Elzen, Integrated long-term strategies to induce regime shifts to sustainability:
System innovation and the Transition to Sustainability: Theory, Evidence and Policy, Edward Elgar, Cheltenham, 2004.41 W. Polt, K. M. Weber, Forschung, Technologie und Innovation für Wohlstand in gesellschaftlicher Verantwortung.
Apart from foresight methodologies, his main research interests are in the governance of research and innovation systems, in the transformation of large socio-technical systems towards sustainability
/Technological forecasting & Social Change 75 (2008) 483 495 different countries in order to promote the competitiveness and sustainability of the European forest cluster.
v) identification of research areas and instruments that are needed to improve competitiveness and sustainability of the forest cluster,
and vi) implementation of transnational research program to improve competitiveness and sustainability of the forest cluster.
a Finnish sustainability consultancy. He has published in journals such as Journal of Business strategy and the Environment;
System innovation and the Transition to Sustainability, Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd. Cheltenham, 2005, pp. 251 281.67 D. K. R. Robinson, A. Rip, V. Mangematin, Technological agglomeration and the emergence of clusters and networks in nanotechnology, Res.
but also in terms of ensuring sustainable development. These two‘pillars',the‘knowledge society'and‘participatory governance',can become the common framework in
effectiveness, appropriateness, sustainability and additionality. 6. Understanding the dynamics of foresight systems in three countries A first attempt to understand the dynamics of foresight systems can be based on the evaluation of three foresight exercises;
The raised awareness of the need for consensus-building approaches in long-term vision-setting exercises in order to ensure the sustainability of resultant polices was acknowledged as another unforeseen impact of the exercise.
flexibility and the sustainability of the networks created. The inputs and outputs should exploit the compatibility and complementarity of the available areas of expertise.
such as, research and innovation, security and sustainability. The best papers presented in this conference are published in four different scientific journals
value conflicts and sustainability deficits in a structured way. The paper introduces a specific procedural proposal
This well designed process breaks new ground in being concerned explicitly with enabling foresight as a sustainability asset for Germany's status as a R&d-innovation leader with specific elements also aimed at four innovative targets:
and many strategic decision-making processes to align future R&d priorities and innovation strategies with sustainability goals. He holds a Dr. Tech. and a Lic.
b Department Urban Water management Research at Eawag, Switzerland c Institute of environmental Engineering at ETH Zurich, Switzerland d Competence Center Sustainability and Infrastructure Systems
value conflicts and sustainability deficits in a structured way. The paper introduces a specific procedural proposal
Finally, we will also address the issue of sustainability deficits of decisions: how to anticipate and integrate them into the formulation of a long term management strategy for infrastructure development.
As the sustainability of the established technical system has raised some criticism 9, 10, new solutions to urban water management are discussed more widely today.
Section 3 presents the procedural outlay of the Regional Infrastructure method and introduces concepts for addressing the trade-offs relative to context uncertainties, conflicts and sustainability deficits.
performance and sustainability impacts of infrastructures over their long life time. Changes in context conditions outside the considered range may entail very costly adaptation measures (see e g. 17),
1) opening critical context developments,(2) broadening the range of analyzed system alternatives,(3) using sustainability criteria
we posit that more sustainable development strategies for infrastructures will result. Foresight, according to this understanding, is not planning itself,
potential interest conflicts and sustainability deficits and utilizing the results in the formal decision making process (Fig. 1). 3. 1. Structuring exploration:
a systematic sustainability value tree (e g. 65) is used as a reference. Thirdly, the set of potential system alternatives is explored systematically.
Fourthly, the assessment of the options follows the well established method of sustainability value tree analysis 66,67.
The resulting ranking orders can be interpreted as the experts'judgment of the sustainability performance of each option.
i) the dependency of option rankings relative to different context conditions,(ii) the level of conflict among stakeholder groups that a certain option would entail and (iii) sustainability deficits of preferred options.
socially optimal solutions may still exhibit substantial sustainability deficits. In order to consider the latter, we introduce a second visual representation of the data (see Fig. 3). As a first dimension,
As a second dimension, we add the ratings attributed to each option by the core team in their effort to consider the different sustainability criteria in a balanced way.
whereas the core team tried to identify the sustainability performance of each option on a more objective
a coincidence of social and sustainability assessments is given if points are located in the diagonal area pointing to the upper right corner.
Points to the left of the diagonal indicate potential sustainability deficits as the option is more desirable from the average stakeholder groups'perspective than from a balanced sustainability perspective.
Based on this argumentative material, the core team may narrow down the options to one or two system alternatives that show a high sustainability potential.
ii) would help to compensate for potential sustainability deficits, (iii) enable pro-actively addressing future conflicts of interest
Fig. 3. Identifying sustainability deficits. 1156 E. Störmer et al.//Technological forecasting & Social Change 76 (2009) 1150 1162 Based on a national analysis of The swiss sanitation system 69 and a call for participation in innovative strategic planning processes,
in order to determine their sustainability challenges. For example the downturn scenario showed an increase of the environmental impacts of untreated wastewater overflows during heavy rain events.
i) The core team assessed the options'generic strengths and weaknesses in reaching sustainability goals in a well balanced way for each of the different scenarios.
A comparison of the stakeholders'assessment with the sustainability evaluation of the core team offers insight into the sustainability deficits that a politically negotiated solution would entail (see Fig. 5)
Such sustainability aspects could thus be included into the elaboration of detailed recommendations in the next step. 4. 5. Utilization implications for infrastructure development The performance characteristics of the different options
Fig. 5. Sustainability deficit assessment in the Kiesental case study. 1159 E. Störmer et al.//Technological forecasting & Social Change 76 (2009) 1150 1162 The elaboration of a joint system representation by the different organizations in the Kiese catchment furthermore prepared the ground for intensified collaboration and shared visions.
This enabled the process of explicitly mapping key trade-offs among different strategic options with regard to potential conflicts of interest, surprises in the development of context conditions and potential sustainability deficits.
and the basic sustainability criteria are similar to the one in the sanitation case, the options considered
/Technological forecasting & Social Change 76 (2009) 1150 1162 Acknowledgements The project Regional infrastructure foresight was funded by The swiss National science Foundation within the National research Program 54 Sustainable development of the Built Environment.
lessons from sustainability foresight in German utility sectors, Technol. Forecast. Soc. Change 75 (9)( 2008) 1360 1372.31 A w. Müller, Strategic foresight Prozesse strategischer Trend-und Zukunftsforschung in Unternehmen, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Druckerei Zentrum, 2008.32
Harald Hiessl is head of the Competence Center Sustainability and Infrastructure Systems at the German Fraunhofer Institute for Systems and Innovation research ISI and the deputy of this Institute.
His main focuses of interests are commercializing environmental technologies and sustainable development. He holds Master's degree in both Marketing
Her main research interests concern technology foresight, service research and sustainable development. 1176 R. Koivisto et al.//Technological forecasting & Social Change 76 (2009) 1163 1176
composite indicators or survey based studies providing comparisons in a wide range of fields like economy, society, education, innovation system, or sustainable development.
At the same time, it also indicates how effectively the development in question complies with the principles of sustainable development.
from an information society into a knowledge society and from the knowledge society stage towards a knowledgevaalu society and towards the society fulfilling the requirements of sustainable development.
In addition to the three development phases of a modern society, technology barometer considers sustainable development as a fourth object of analysis,
indicating how effectively the development in question complies with the principles of sustainable development. The indicators of societies fulfilling the requirements of sustainable development are social values, environmental responsibility and environmental systems.
The technology barometer measures the objectives of sustainable development by three indicator entities social cohesion in the society in question, environmental protection actions taken by businesses and authorities,
and the actual state of the environment. In conclusion, an indicator study of the technology barometer comprises 12 sub-indicators providing an index-type key value indicating the state of technology at a given time.
According to the indicators of sustainable development Sweden, Denmark and The netherlands proved to be leading of the rated economies followed by Finland.
competence and knowledge generation, knowledge society development, innovative society and sustainable development. The first part sets out the respondent groups'assessments concerning the techno-scientific competence prospects and young people's interest in a number of professions.
The fourth part in the survey sets out assessments of sustainable development focusing on environmental threats the state of the environment,
sustainable development; and security, again raising demands for 1183 T. Loikkanen et al.//Technological forecasting & Social Change 76 (2009) 1177 1186 indicators.
Index (Economic Freedom Network) Economic Sentiment Indicator (EC) Internal Market Index (EC) Business Climate Indicator (EC) Environment Environmental sustainability Index (World
Economic Forum) Wellbeing Index (Prescott-Allen) Sustainable development Index (UN) Synthetic Environmental Indices (Isla M.)Eco-indicator 99 (pre consultants) Concern about environmental problems
knowledge management 3. 3. 2. Entrepreneurship and economic regeneration 3. 3. 3. Networking and openness in international activities 3. 4. Sustainable development 3. 4. 1. Social
. Sustainable development 4. 5. 1. Factors threatening the environment 4. 5. 2. The state of the environment and the actions of the authorities Appendices Content of the Technology barometer Key results Competence and knowledge
development Knowledge society development Innovative society Sustainable development 1185 T. Loikkanen et al.//Technological forecasting & Social Change 76 (2009) 1177 1186 References 1 M. Nardo, M. Saisana, A. Saltelli, S. Tarantola, A. Hoffman, E. Giovannini, Handbook
7. Health research and medicine 8. Infrastructure technology, urbanisation and environmental development 9. Environmental protection technology and sustainable development 10.
and future sustainability were necessary. The online survey was designed as a check if the topics that were already found as future-relevant for German science
Notwithstanding the fact that many strategic policy documents extend their validity beyond legislative cycles (take the case of national sustainable development strategies for example) a short-term,
Integrating the Environment for Sustainability, Edgar Elgar Publishing, London, 2008, pp. 114 133.42 Scottish government, National Planning Framework 2 SEA Annex to the Environmental Report:
. Dempster, A self-organizing perspective on planning for sustainability, Thesis for Master of Environmental Studies in Planning, University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, 1998.21 W. Ulrich, Critical systems heuristics, in:
Reflexive governance for Sustainable development, Edward Elgar Publishing, 2008.14 J. J. Deuten, A. Rip, J. Jelsma, Societal embedment and product creation management, Technol.
and (5) FTA in security and sustainability. Downloaded by University of Bucharest at 05:08 03 december 2014
Scenario learning and potential sustainable development processes in spatial contexts: towards risk society or ecological modernization of scenarios.
Information security and trust management Telecommunications and multimedia Sustainable resource Managing sustainable development management in Understanding ecosystems and biodiversity Luxembourg Sustainable management of water resources Sustainable
Examples are‘Adaptive foresight'(Eriksson andweber 2008) and‘Sustainability foresight'(Truffer, Voss, and Downloaded by University of Bucharest at 05:10 03 december 2014 956 K. M. Weber et al.
medium-term impacts While it may be too early to assess the sustainability of the medium-term impacts that have become apparent 18 months after the end of the process,
Lessons for sustainability foresight in German utility sectors. Technological forecasting & Social Change 75, no. 9: 1360 72.
In Reflexive governance for sustainable development ed. J.-P. Voß, D. Bauknecht and R. Kemp. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.
but in producing perceptions and insights to that body of knowledge and‘imagineering'novel ways of addressing city sustainability'(Ratcliffe, Krawczyk,
Strategic knowledge for sustainable development: the need for reflexivity and learning at the interface between science and society.
Sustainability foresight: reflexive governance in the transformation of utility systems. In Reflexive governance for sustainable development, ed. J-P. Voß, D. Bauknecht and R. Kemp, 162 88.
Cheltenham: Edward Elgar. Lash, S. 2003. Reflexivity as non-linearity. Theory, Culture & Society 20, no. 2: 49 57.
Sustainability and reflexive governance. In Reflexive governance for sustainable development, ed. J-P. Voß, D. Bauknecht and R. Kemp, 3 30.
Cheltenham: Edward Elgar. Weber, K. M. 2006. Foresight and adaptive planning as complementary elements in anticipatory policy-making:
In Reflexive governance for sustainable development, ed. J-P. Voß, D. Bauknecht, and R. Kemp, 189 221.
Economic, social and sustainability challenges have created a new and more demanding agenda for research and innovation policymakers and strategists.
FP1 Socioeconomic Improving human potential Innovation/dissemination International cooperation Energy Environment Competitive and sustainable growth Information society Quality of life Fig. 2. Evolution of framework programme priorities
including its societal perspectives, for instance, sustainability, security and information society. While foresight is used commonly in connection with the public-Futures 43 (2011) 252 264 A r T I C L E I N F O Article history:
Whereas the paper reports some findings on the future of challenges especially related to sustainability, security and information society,
Addressing both consensual and diverse future perspectives are crucial dimensions when dealing with sustainability, and security.
sustainability and information society issues requires typically many types of participants as well as different kinds of methods to adapt to the interests
In the security, sustainability and information society fields, stakeholders have the possibility to develop scenarios on
Future Impact of ICTS on Environmental Sustainabilityh 22 Informative Explore how ICTS will influence future environmental sustainability (time horizon:
of which are related to sustainability and security directly, including‘‘Advancing the E2 (Environment and Energy) Frontier''and the‘‘Improving National Safety and Prestige''.
/Futures 43 (2011) 252 264 258 Sustainability: since the Brundlandt Commission 13, many alternative definitions of sustainability have been proposed
and diverse interpretations of the concept made. Many of these are based upon the‘three-pillar'or‘triple bottom line'concept,
For instance, some major sustainability challenges address climate change, global equity and competiveness. Security: the term refers to the condition of being protected against danger
A quick scan was performed on foresight projects that address security, sustainability and/or information society issues. The suitability of the identified projects was discussed
the European project‘‘Future Impact of ICTS on Environmental sustainability''aimed to explore (qualitatively) and to assess (quantitatively) the ways in which ICTS would influence future environmental sustainability (time horizon:
2020). ) The findings of the project showed that a large degree of uncertainty existed on impact of ICTS on the environment,
we elaborate and attest its validity in the context of ex post analysis of a number of foresight projects focusing on sustainability, security and information society and their contribution to policy-making.
/Futures 43 (2011) 252 264 263 foresight is ever more important to position foresight as one of the key supporting tools for policy-making to anticipate how major societal challenges ahead can be addressed such as those tackled in this paper, e g. security, sustainability and information society challenges.
, pp. 71 88.13 World Commission on Environment and Development, Oxford university Press, New york, 1987.14 Sustainable development: a co-evolutionary view Futures 20 (6)( 1988) 606 620.15 M. Castells, The Rise of the network society.
http://fistera. jrc. ec. europa. eu/(2009-11-10). 22 Future impacts of ICTS on Environmental sustainability Project, available at:
These dimensions are rooted ideals in the social response to the concept of sustainable development, which has been moulded throughout the last few centuries1
Sustainable development can be characterised as long term social learning oriented by public policies, which are driven by a national plan of between regions and within regions endogenous development.
sustainable development can be seen as a proposal with an ethical modernity in its horizon and not only a technical one;
Implicitly, sustainable development recognises the need for technology to develop solutions that conserve the Earth's resources,
Sustainability emerges from the exhaustion crisis of economic development based on rational‘‘growth'economics that subjugates social, cultural, political and environmental matters towards the consequences of economic growth.
Bursztyn et al. 22 consider six dimensions for sustainability; their integration comprises elements that interactwith each other.
As a consequence, the social construction of sustainable development becomes a process ofmanaging multidimensional social conflicts embedded in the six dimensions for sustainability as articulated systems:
the interdependencies among the major elements are suggested in Fig. 2. The social response to sustainability, brings the need to‘‘think globally
-Sustainability: an emphasis on environment and community stewardship often invoking the so-called triple bottom line of economic, social,
Nevertheless the sustainability school raises questions about these trade-offs without offering a framework to answer them.
and (ii) there are even fewer studies that have concentrated explicitly on the business case for CSR as a driver of corporate sustainability management 30.5.2.
The business case for sustainability The business case for sustainability is sector-specific. It is difficult for companies to build reasons for CSR with its apparent limited relevance to social and environmental risks and opportunities to a firms'core business.
Tools and standards to support business sustainability The GRI Sustainability Reporting Guidelines have created performance indicators (both quantitative and qualitative),
measuring the impact or effect of sustainability on the reporting organisation. The indicators have emerged from the combination of the GRI
since 1999 when the Dow jones Sustainability Indexes were created, closely followed by the FTSE4GOOD 24. Socially responsible investment is about investors taking ethical,
Indexes such as FTSE4GOOD Index, 4 Domini 400 Social Index and Dow jones Sustainability Index played a crucial role in the commercial breakthrough that SRI has seen over the last decades due to the fact that they allow benchmarking between the performance
flows. 3. New business models for the design, production, distribution, retail and management of products and services. 4. Responses to the challenge of sustainability and changes in demography, in consumer behaviours and in social values,
/Futures 43 (2011) 279 291 289 References 1 D. Large, Participation and representation, A Review of Sustainability Here and now, in part of The Great Debate:
Development Sustainability Environment, Newcastle Civic Centre on 27 september 2003 (available at: http://www. thegreatdebate. org. uk/GDDSEDL1. html, last visited on 03 october 2008.
Fourth Report on Economic and Social Cohesion, European communities, 2007.20 C. H. Cagnin, An information architecture to enable business sustainability.
org/BSRSERVICES/CSR. cfm#ZURICH. 27 C. Shelton, Quantum leaps, Butterworth-Heinemann, 1997.28 NNSR, Novo Nordisk Sustainability Report, 2002 http://www
. novonordisk. com/images/Sustainability/sr02/SR2002UK. pdf. 29 M. E. Porter, M. R. Kramer, Strategy & society:
30 O. Salzmann, A. Ionescu-Somers, U. Steger, The business case for corporate sustainability: literature review and research options, European Management Journal 23 (1)( 2005) 27 36.31 U. Steger, A. Ionescu-Somers, O. Salzmann, The economic foundations of corporate
sustainability, Corporate Governance 7 (2)( 2007) 162 177.32 L. E. Preston, D. P. O'Bannon, The corporate social-financial performance relationship:
Gradually increased concerns for the environment in terms of sustainability, human and animal health, and global warming;
religious and team sport identities Changes in health risk perception Ethical investment in development projects to promote sustainability Science & Tech. 46 Maturation of S, T and Humanities relationship
The focus of two sessions of the 2008 FTA Conference on security and sustainability may be a useful first move in this direction.
The presentations comprised themes surrounding creative futures, energy, governance, health, horizon scanning, innovation and sustainability, law, mobility, nanotechnology, and others.
ISSN 1463-6689 jforesight j PAGE 279 Vicente Carabias is a Senior Scientist in‘‘Foresight and Sustainable development''and EU Contact Point at the Institute of Sustainable development,
is responsible for European cooperation and for coordinating foresight activities as well as the research area on sustainable energy systems at the ZHAW Institute of Sustainable development.
Promoting Action for Sustainability Through Indicators at Local Level in Europe), INTELCITIES (IST-FP6) and REFORM (Rok-FP6),
sustainability and foresight research by applying monitoring and evaluation systems, Delphi survey, SWOT analysis and scenario development methods in various contexts over the last ten years.
Currently Peter works at the Research centre of the Flemish Government, where he is in charge of foresight and sustainability assessment.
''Technological forecasting and Social Change, Vol. 72, pp. 1064-9. Grunwald, A. 2007),‘Working towards sustainable development in the face of uncertainty and incomplete knowledge'',Journal of Environmental policy and Planning, Vol. 9
Keywords Delphi method, Environmental politics, Government policy, Scenario planning, Sustainable development, Strategic planning, Forecasting Paper type Case study Introduction Since the 1990s each new Finnish government has prepared a comprehensive foresight report
Time and Space for Sustainable development, Springer, Dordrecht. IPCC (2007), IPCC AR4 WGIII, Climate change 2007: Mitigation of Climate change, WGIII Contribution to the IPCC AR4, Cambridge university Press, Cambridge and New york, NY, chapter 13, Box 13.7, p. 776, available at:
Robinson, J.,Burch, S.,Talwar, S.,O'Shea, M. and Walsh, M. 2011),‘Envisioning sustainability:
recent progress in the use of participatory backcasting approaches for sustainability research'',Technological forecasting & Social Change, Vol. 78, pp. 756-68.
Her expertise is concerned with futures research, sustainable development, technology foresight, energy and environment, and the future of communities.
Rutger van Merkerk is currently a Phd student (Copernicus Institute for Sustainability and Innovation, University of Utrecht,
Harro van Lente is currently assistant professor at the Copernicus Institute for Sustainability and Innovation University of Utrecht, The netherlands.
Design/methodology/approach These assumptions are tested in a scenario design exercise that explores the future evolution of the sustainable development paradigm and its implications in the Spanish urban development model.
Keywords Territorial foresight, Scenario design, Urban planning, Sustainable development, Strategic planning, Forecasting Paper type Research paper 1. The oblivion of future studies in urban planning Since its origins in the nineteenth
formulating a future vision for sustainable development Once the proposed approach to link foresight tools to the urban planning process has been established,
which social attitudes towards sustainable development were explored in the Spanish context for the horizon 2025 (Fundacio'n OPTI, 2007).
The issue of sustainable development (SD) has been chosen because it is a key challenge for contemporary societies,
Since the Brundtland Commission defined sustainable development as‘‘the ability to meet the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs''(World Commission on Environment and Development, 1987),
However, the reciprocal relations that may develop between the sustainable development paradigm and the general behaviour of society have not been assessed rigorously.
1. characterise the sustainable development concept; 2. identify and assess change trends that may affect sustainable development;
and 3. design future scenarios for the evolution of sustainable development. This exercise relied on a systematic, ongoing participation process with experts in SD issues.
Change drivers affecting social attitude toward SD were grouped into two axes: 1. Vertical axis. Represented the potential alternative responses by society in the future to the SD concept.
economic models and public policies towards SD. 2. Horizontal axis. Showed the availability of resources needed to achieve the sustainable development goals in the future.
and a favourable response by public and private agents to SD and also an abundance of all types of resources required to achieve sustainable development.
but at the same time public and private agents have either a slow or a passive reaction to sustainability challenges.‘‘
but at the same time, Spanish society as a whole is inclined to support sustainable development models.‘‘‘‘Back to basics''is marked by the failure of the previous development model,
Public and private agents are fully aware of the need for sustainable development due to a lack of response by the economic and technological realm.
For several Figure 3 Future scenarios for sustainable development PAGE 322 jforesight jvol. 14 NO. 4 2012 years
insofar as they do not conflict with sustainability principles. In this context, the planning value chain is integrated partially by the need to incorporate environmental planning into every step of the development process.
The big challenge is to satisfy multiple and diverse social demands without putting the sustainability principles at risk.
but at the same time public and private agents have a passive attitude toward sustainability challenges. This scenario generates strong environmental and social impacts due to a model based on strong economic growth
They mostly provide general guidelines about sustainable development that may or may not be followed by local governments. Municipal policies are implemented strictly through norms and regulations.
and sectorialised because stakeholders'interests prevail over the basic sustainability criteria. The development process is dominated by hardcore elements such as transport and basic infrastructures.
In this scenario, most people live in a consumption spree that makes them reject the sacrifices needed to achieve more sustainable development.
determining parametric implications Once functional implications have been determined, a set of parametric indicators related to standard sustainability issues (Kates et al.
determining spatial implications After parameterizing and projecting a set of sustainability indicators, the spatial implications of each scenario can be displayed with graphic tools.
The medium-low density communities and their traditional lifestyle and production systems have not posed any threat to its sustainability in the past.
Spatial development in the study area will take place as follows (see Figure 9). Territorial management strategies will not incorporate the principles of sustainable development extensively,
In the‘‘back to basics''scenario, sustainable development will be imperative due to the lack of energy resources and low economic activity.
B Promote an educational system that transmits the values of sustainability, innovation, social commitment and solidarity.
heterogeneous social demands without endangering the principles of sustainable development. Figure 8 Spatial implications of Scenario A (2025) VOL. 14 NO. 4 2012 jforesight jpage 329 B Build a new economic model that is environment-friendly
Emerging from the crisis and implementing sustainable development policies requires radical proposals led by social movements: B Build a social fortress based on family networks and Third Sector organizations to survive in a tough economic context.
and their perceived barriers to the implementation of these studies. 2. Scenarios regarding social attitudes towards sustainable development were adopted from the foresight exercise carried out by Fundacio'n OPTI in 2007.
and determine scenario implications for the sustainable development model. Experts were engaged via personal interviews and focus groups. 3. The determination of functional implications as a means to strengthen scenario design was tested for the first time as part of a foresight exercise undertaken in Burgos city (Asociacio'n Plan Estrate'gico de Burgos,
Whichever scenario materialises in the near future, the sustainability paradigm in Spain will be achieved, depending on the fulfilment of a number of prerequisites:
in order to achieve sustainability. PAGE 332 jforesight jvol. 14 NO. 4 2012 B All public administrations European, national
and feel deeply involved to implement sustainable development. B Social intelligence regarding sustainability must significantly increase
if lifestyles and consumption behaviour are to be changed in the desired direction. In brief, Spain faces a major challenge to change social and cultural behaviour towards sustainable development.
Overcoming this challenge will mean undertaking significant changes in day-to-day habits, as well as in governance and business models.
in order to achieve a more sustainable development model. The complementary added value of both approaches can represent an innovative opportunity for policy makers
Kates, R. W.,Parris, T. M. and Leiserowitz, A a. 2005),‘What is sustainable development? Goals, indicators, values,
Meadows, D. 1998), Indicators and Information systems for Sustainable development, The Sustainability Institute, Balaton Group, Montpelier, VT.
< Back - Next >
Overtext Web Module V3.0 Alpha
Copyright Semantic-Knowledge, 1994-2011
