Player

Actor (621)
Actor network theory (4)
Actor strategy (12)
Individual actor (13)
Innovation actor (18)
Key player (23)
Player (94)
Private actor (6)
Societal actor (9)

Synopsis: Actor: Player:

& Social Change 72 (2005) 1059 1063 1062 process on how the system operates, the players involved,

Regulatory challenges in the sense of controlling dominant players can be detected by calculating concentration indices of patent applications.

or between the players initiating the constituency-building process and potential or target constituencies such as suppliers and users.

or between the‘inside'players and other players such as suppliers, users, consumers; or between competing

emergence of new research players; changing science society links and societal demands towards universities; demographic changes,‘massification'of higher education,

while further research actors became strong players in the 19th century, notably firms (often but not exclusively in the form of R&d units) and public labs 12.

new players in producing, using and validating knowledge, learning, learning capabilities, and learning systems, etc. 13,14, 27 30.

the balance of research activities between universities and other players; the competence of national vs. regional governments to regulate and fund universities;

universities vs. other players There is a rather strong consensus in the literature on the rationale to spend public money on basic science:

and the Academies of Sciences in a number of Central and Eastern European countries. 19 For a more detailed description of public research centres, especially on the variety of players in this sector, e g. in terms of organisational forms and changing ownership (public,

New players are likely to enter the global research arena in two respects. First, a large number of research organisations (universities, public and private labs, firms, etc.

located in currently laggard countries likely emerge as major players. In other words, the number of the already existing types of research organisations can increase significantly,

-interdisciplinary research. 4. New players might emerge and new norms might be applied when legitimating and validating knowledge.

Besides conventional academic researchers, knowledge is produced by a wide variety of players, e g. think tanks, private research organisations, nonprofit organisations, government agencies, consultancy companies, market research organisations, patients'groups, various

As the roles of different players, and hence‘the rules of the game'are changing in legitimating knowledge,

if validated by conventional academic rules and players;(c a clear separation between knowledge created by credible academic organisations and nonacademic ones,

or meeting local needs vs. acting as a global player; etc.)) are likely to be evaluated by different sets of criteria.

and the nature of academic activities would most likely be resolved in different ways by different players.

The emergence of new players and new business models for universities is likely to add‘more colours'to this picture.

and co-operations among the various players are key aspects of the future shape and performance of universities.

and their functions are assumed by new players, who perform their tasks/roles in radically novel and diverse ways 21.

with other players in (regional, national, sectoral, international) innovation systems and with the society A new balance of the main activities;

intense interactions with other players in (regional, national, sectoral, international) innovation systems and with the society Universities do not understand/take on their role in addressing societal issues New activities to promote cohesion among EU regions

'not much interactionwith other players in innovation systems and with the society Excessive emphasis on enhancing the competitiveness of EU businesses;

Not only several other players conduct research, but in the advanced countries Business r&d units have even a bigger weight than universities.

the role of new players in producing, using and validating knowledge; etc. As both the activities of universities and their environment are undergoing fundamental changes,

although highly diffuse, may be accessed by all players for personal as well as community betterment. Hierarchies are one form of technological structure confirmed by theories and practice.

that many users of technology roadmapping exist in a vertically integrated environment where a few big players have the interests and capabilities to assist in technological coordination.

with the aim of bringing together actual and potential players involved in nanotechnology governance to share perspectives,

and each player hopes to achieve their goals as a result of the negotiations. It is obvious that such elements are present in foresight and strategy processes.

Stakeholders and decision-makers in charge of implementing the choices are the major players in these processes; foresight practitioners (process consultants or core groups) and formal processes play relatively minor roles.

'promising sectors and large players had been selected as being of particular public or strategic interest and were favoured

technology and innovation options among players, creating debate Awareness of the systemic character of change processes Foresight skills are developed in a wider circle Dialogues in new combinations of experts and stakeholders and a shared understanding

Many players coming from various units of the municipality, from universities and other research organisattions from the education sector,

technology and innovation among different players that are primarily dealing with other issues. While still being distributed very much among different municipal departments,

and analysis. Design of QTIP tools and functions must address the diverse needs of all the players.

A l. Porter/Technological forecasting & Social Change 72 (2005) 1070 1081 1077 bprocess managementq factors should be considered for all types of QTIP players:!

8. A key principle is to maximize engagement and ongoing interaction of the QTIP players with each other.

The European Technology platform for Nanoelectronics European Nanoelectronics Initiative Advisory Council (ENIAC) was launched in 2004 with the mission to bring together all leading players in the field

Biotechnology and nanotechnology topics are continuing players in the abstract sets. Synthetic biology the prospect of engineering cellular processes to operate as bioreactors, labs in a cell,

when the players have sufficient experience to know what kind and what level of discussion

and potential implications. 4. The players Because the scanning process profits from a wide variety of perspectives in the abstract-collection process and the Scan meeting,

What is interesting about trends is that normally most players, organizations or even nations cannot do much to change them they are larger than the power of individual organizations

This type of memory can be used in a wide variety of electronic devices (PCS, digital cameras, MP3 players, etc..

and the collaboration with ASML indicate the emerging irreversibility that Nantero has become a central player in the realisation of highly integrated nonvolatile memories.

This fact changed the market side in the sense that a robust player emerged within this industry.

used in nonvolatile memories Nantero as a surviving central player in realising nanotube applications in nonvolatile memories Nanotubes used in nonvolatile memories Possibilities where opened up by scientific research results that took away hurdles in using nanotubes for electronic devices

In other words, through serious multi-player online games, we will be able to explore possible futures not only different designs of shopping malls, airports,

the role of governments or politics as important players in the innovation process has changed. First there is a significant shift away from a direct governmental participation in the innovation process towards a concentration of national governments on the shaping of framework conditions for innovation.

and customer needs in a timely manner and at figuring out their implicattion for the activities of the value chain and the rise of new players.

'it is the difficulty to figure out who the main players and what the main activities of the value chain will be.

What the player does not know is which cards he/she will be dealt and what cards will be put on the table (i e. state, effect,

Internet services such as video on demand) and the rise of completely newkinds of players (e g.

operating in the consumer electronic business in the 2000s could be compared to the case of a player who still has to learn both the rules of the game

which surrounds the industry. 7 The second category is‘discontinuous'drivers of change that bring about boundary uncertainty, by leading to completely new kinds of products, players,

and the new players who are entering the business. Only after that boundary uncertainty has been solved

and outside the organisation Capacities for aligning development activities with societal drivers Building a market vision Capacities for market creation or entering into existing markets as a novel player Identification of novel

e g. integrated service provider Markets for new services and service providers in the field Built capacities for the construction of new integrated market players and clarified the role of VTT in relation to these new

players Articulated demand opportunities especially in the advanced building service solutions Identified societal and market drivers,

It also enhanced capacity building for newintegrated market players and clarified the role of VTT in relation to these new players.

It identified the most important players in the field of service research internally and externally

and vision for the future Social/actor Identification of most important players in the field of service research internally and externally Capacities and methods for linking and sharing existing knowledge internally,

to establish and strengthen VTT's organisational identity as a novel‘player'in service science. Thus, it fostered the formation of an anticipatory culture,

Key reviewarticles helped us to understand the important componeent and players in this‘delivery system'.'Engagement of our collaborating solar cell researchers helped distinguish the more important elements.

the multi-institute CAS has also been a dominant player. Since 2009, EPFL has published 21 papers that have received already 10

and AIST, only 4. Examination of the research emphases of such leading players can provide intelligence on where the field is heading.

We especially attended to industrial players, identifying the leading organisations active in each of the different data sources.

Downloaded by University of Bucharest at 05:05 03 december 2014 Text mining of information resources 853 Once such highly active players have been identified,

which are expected to be the main players for addressing global or national challenges through innovation in the future.

1. central player in the scientific and technological arena; 2. sustainable growth through green innovation; 3. successful model for healthy-aging society;

a holistic view across a complex landscape of relevant stakeholders, including relevant disciplines as well as players across the value chain is required.

and reputation as‘‘a player''and good partner in global politics and trade in uncertain times?

The natural resources sector includes numerous players (federal and regional government agencies, public and private companies and industrial enterprises, R&d centres, environment protection organisations,

and the large number of players, imply the need to use integrated approaches for identifying S&t and innovation priorities for this sector.

The appraisal of the expected future performance (and the ranking) of alternative technological options therefore explicitly incorporates information that inherently reflects the subjectivity of social players,

Especially industrial players such as Bayer, Degussa, Siemens, Zeiss, industry-oriented organizations of applied science such as Fraunhofer-Institutes,

and challenges are prodding European universities to undergo a series of reforms to position themselves as relevant players in the knowledge society.

'degree of newness/innovativeness and degree to which some players in the digital TV business were already working on the idea at hand.

In this respect, platforms such as Hulu, Netflix, internet TV Samsung, Googletv and Appletv were evaluated in terms of collaboration with other players (e g.

Among the experts were people representing stakeholders from different perspectives (from a commercial broadcaster, regulatory institute, large multimedia retailing company, online social platform, university and big telecommunication player in Flanders.

interest groups, market players and experts, but also architects, people from advertising and art, secondary school children and students to provide a‘‘fresh perception of an appropriate future water policy''49.4.1.1.

flexible and talented players that populate the European creative milieus, thriving in an open environment where ICTS innovatiio enables direct communication with distant or nascent audiences.

thus excluding smaller players. On the demand side our analysis revealed the contrras between the relatively stable,

The above technology and social/societal trends and the way they interact with one another provide intereestin insights for market players devising business plans

players'strategies or the legal environnment should a particular scenario be realised. This approach was very helpful for stimulating discusssions

as well as other relevant ST&I players. From 2001 to the present, the CGEE has conducted nearly 400 strategic foresight exerciise

The views of these players were importaan elements in broadening the vision for the future of FINEP.

and with key external players who would be fundamental in ensuring that the defined strategic guidelines would be implemented.

allowed for shared commitments between the relevant players to facilitate the construction of a future vision and roles for FINEP in the national ST&I system.

while simultaneously creating market demand and business opportunities for existing and new players in the business.

Collaboration between the key R&d players and the government would be important especially in the Victorian context, due to the fragmented nature of the construction sector.

This also requires new energy market players that take the responsibility for aggregating the distributed energy resources to the grids.

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