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Reflexivity and modesty in the application of complexity theory. In Interfaces between science and society, ed. A. Guimarães Pereira, S. Guedesvaz and S. Tognetti, 100 17.
therefore, explores selected elements of complexity theory and their implications for FTA techniques, and later derives implications for the application of foresight in policy-making.
Complexity science approaches to the application foresight Averil Horton Abstract Purpose This paper aims to present an exploration of recent work in complexity theory to explain why
Design/methodology/approach The main method applied is combined critical thinking with a review of selected aspects of complexity theory
Originality/value Although neither complexity theory nor the concept of reframing is new in the area of foresight
Keywords Complexity, Disruptive events, Emergence, Reframing, Variation, Policy making, Complexity theory, Uncertainty management, Strategic planning Paper type Conceptual paper 1. Foresight techniques To date,
) As complexity theory itself has developed, Mitchell (2009), so has limited some work in the foresight field, Ringland (2010) and Miller and Poli (2010),
UK. be developed more generally to accommodate complexity theory and its specific implications for disruptive events. In addition, there has been published little work
Bringing together complexity theory, reframing and some critical thinking provides a way to understand how techniques can work better,
2. Complexity So what is complexity theory and what is its relevance to foresight? There are of course as many answers as people,
This paper will explore some selected elements of complexity theory and their implications for foresight techniques,
In summary the implications of complexity theory for foresight techniques are that they must: B Enable a vision of a system's emergent properties.
Complexity theory can provide a newer way of looking at change and shows why reframing becomes important.
5. Conclusions Complexity theory can provide a different perspective on how and why future disruptive changes may happen in a system.
The Essential Guide to Complexity theory in Business and Management, Spiro Press, London. Bell, W. 2003), Foundations of Futures studies:
Byrne, D. 1998), Complexity theory and the Social sciences: An Introduction, Routledge, New york, NY. Gheorghiou, L.,Cassingena Harper, J.,Keenan, M. and Miles,
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