solving global or national issues through the effective application of science and technology. In this situation, the idea of placing special focus on particular fields has to be phased out,
Furthermore, Delphi rarely refers to the application of established technologies, tending instead to cover leading-edge technologies.
It also refers to the application of established technologies and collaboration possibilities among technologies. However
A careful choice of individuals to participate in the dialogue in the first place is beneficial A recurring example of the application of the RAP is the involvement of representatives of trade bodies in strategic dialogues.
The following three examples outline specific cases of application and demonstrate the power of strategic dialogues as an instrument for a broad range of subject areas in the context of national research policy making.
and they show the application of this dialogue approach in a range of different situations. 5. 1 Strategic dialogue to transfer results from the BMBF Foresight process Strategic dialogues were conducted, for example, for focus areas from the latest BMBF Foresight process (German Federal Ministry
and B the challenge has potential for a set of research implications or the potential for applications of research results.
and absorptive capacities that are required to maximise the successful application of research and technology and to enable smaller Irish companies to absorb and then exploit research results?
Gain a broader understanding of creativity and innovation and their role in the application of research within enterprises and more broadly across society Establish better ways of judging
They indicated that STF can be both a source of CTI and a means for its application.
and their future applications seem to be quite similar, i e. to guide R&d decisions. In looking at the timeframes associated with CTI,
because they include technical and application/commercial information. Patents are oriented towards the legal protection of technologies
or an application of technology Step 6 Convert these IPC codes to the WIPO technology classification based on the WIPO IPC-Technology Concordance Table Step 7 Map the technology distribution
the keywords and their corresponding IPC codes are distinguished between source/application technologies in Step 5. In Step 6,
especially from keyword extraction, IPC code mapping, source/application technology identification, and mapped result aggregation to WIPO technology classification.
the source/application technology for the Delphi topics are identified through causal effect analysis, namely the source IPC code and the application IPC code are distinguished by the judgment of a domain expert.
To aggregate the mapping and see the result from a bird's-eye view, the IPC codes identified are converted into the WIPO technology classification as part of the Concordance Table shown in above Table IV.
The time horizons surveyed for Delphi topics in Japan are‘‘time of technological realization''and‘‘time of social application''.
and the x axis denotes the application technology. Interactions between source and application technology that can be identified in Delphi topics in either the Japan,
South korea or China reports are labeled with symbols. Different symbol represent different meanings. For example,‘‘O''means the technology interaction can be identified simultaneously in Japan (JP), South korea (KR) and China (CN),
Interactions within the technology field are shown not in Figure 2. By viewing the union result of the mapping from the application technology side, conventional energy technology 1 (Electrical machinery, apparatus,
energy) is a hot technology application before the year 2020, where the possible source technologies comprise technologies 7 (IT methods for management),
Technology 19 (Basic materials chemistry) is prospected also by these three countries as second hot application technology before the year 2020,
The third hot application technology before the year 2020 is technology 32 (Transport), and the possible Table V Realization time distribution of Delphi topic in Japan, South korea and China Before 2020 2021-2030 After 2031 Time horizon Topics Ratio (percent
From the source technology side, technology 27 (Engines, pumps, turbines) is the hottest source technology for application to other technologies before 2020,
where the possible application technologies comprise of technologies 1 (Electrical machinery, apparatus, energy), 3 (Telecommunications), 8 (Semiconductors), 10 (Measurement), 13 (Medical technology), 20 (Materials
and the corresponding application technologies comprise technologies 3 (Telecommunications), 6 (Computer technology), 13 (Medical technology), 23 (Chemical engineering), 26 (Machine tools), 27 (Engines, pumps, turbines), 32
the prospected application technologies will be technologies 1 (Electrical machinery, apparatus, energy), 19 (Basic materials chemistry), 20 (Materials, metallurgy), 27 (Engines, pumps, turbines) and 35 (Civil engineering).
The overlapping result for technology interaction mapped by the Delphi topics from the three countries can also be seen in Figure 2. The overlapped interactions identified among the three countries include source technology 12 (Control) to application technology
Table VI Keywords of Delphi topics that link with the overlapping result of the mapping in the technology interaction Source technology Application technology Country Key words in Delphi topics 12
energy) is targeted the main application technology by other technologies before the year 2020. The source technologies comprise technologies 12 (Control), 15 (Biotechnology), 17 (Macromolecular chemistry, polymers), 19 (Basic materials chemistry), 20 (Materials, metallurgy), 24 (Environmental
The most intensive linkage of the interaction is source technology 27 (Engines, pumps, turbines) to application technology 1 (Electrical machinery, apparatus, energy.
The second most intensive linkage of the interaction is source technology 17 (Macromolecular chemistry, polymers) to application technology 1 (Electrical machinery, apparatus, energy.
From the application technology point of view, technology 1 (Electrical machinery apparatus, energy) receives technologies from technologies 12 (Control), 15 (Biotechnology), 23 (Chemical engineering), 27 (Engines, pumps, turbines), 30 (Thermal processes and apparatus), 31 (Transport
Technology 19 (Basic materials chemistry) also shows as a hot application technology, the source technologies include technology 15 (Biotechnology), 23 (Chemical engineering), 24 (Environmental technology), 30 (Thermal processes and apparatus), 32 (Transport) and 35 Figure 3 Technology
the application technologies comprise technologies 3 (Telecommunications), 6 (Computer technology), 13 (Medical technology), 23 (Chemical engineering), 26 (Machine tools), 27 (Engines, pumps, turbines), 32 (Transport
the application technologies comprise of technologies 1 (Electrical machinery, apparatus, energy), 3 (Telecommunications), 8 (Semiconductors), 10 (Measurement), 13 (Medical technology), 20 (Materials, metallurgy
energy) is a hot application technology. Source technologies comprise technologies 7 (IT methods for management), 12 (Control), 15 (Biotechnology), 17 (Macromolecular chemistry
Another hot application technology is technology 35 (Civil engineering. The possible source technologies comprise technologies 12 (Control), 15 (Biotechnology), 25 (Handling) and 27 (Engines, pumps, turbines;
The possible application technologies comprise technologies 1 (Electrical machinery, apparatus, energy), 30 (Thermal processes and apparatus), 32 (Transport) and 35 (Civil engineering),
The application technologies comprise of technologies 1 (Electrical machinery, apparatus, energy), 14 (Organic fine chemistry), 19 (Basic materials chemistry), 20 (Materials, metallurgy) and 24
Most of the interactions are related to application technology 1 (Electrical machinery, apparatus, Figure 5 Technology interactions across WIPO technologies for Delphi topics from China PAGE 66
''Other linkages are source technology 24 (Environmental technology) to application technology 20 (Materials, metallurgy), or source technology 25 (Handling) to 31 (Mechanical elements).
energy) is also a means for application to other technologies. The source technologies contributing to technology 1 (Electrical machinery, apparatus,
''The application technologies for source technology 1 (Electrical machinery, apparatus, energy) comprise technologies 26 (Machine tools), 27 (Engines, pumps, turbines), 32 (Transport), 34 (Other
Higher linkages are demonstrated in technology 1 (Electrical machinery, apparatus, energy) to application technology 32 (Transport),
''Other cross-interacted technologies include source technology 27 (Engines, pumps, turbines) to application technology 10 (Measurement;
''Meanwhile, technology 1 (Electrical machinery, apparatus, energy) is a hot application technology. The possible cross-interacted source technologies come from source technology 12 (Control), 19 (Basic materials chemistry), and 35 (Civil engineering.
''In the rest of the linkages, technologies with cross interactions include source technology 23 (Chemical engineering) to application technology 24 (Environmental technology;
Shih, M. J.,Liu, D. R. and Hsu, M. L. 2010),‘Discovering competitive intelligence by mining changes in patent trends'',Expert Systems with Applications, Vol. 37
Systemic action is required for a collective transformation through the coordinated application of scientific/technological, social and business innovation simultaneously supported by political will.
Hamarat et al. 11 explore the application of EMA combined with a number of tools in a case that focuses on a large systemic transformation or transition of an energy generation system towards a more sustainable functioning.
Kwakkel and Pruit 12 present three applications of EMA, using different modelling approaches, in three different technical domains and related to three different grand challenges, grounded in a system perspective.
In light of these two interrelated papers, FTA can benefit from EMA applications as it allows the:
A method that makes use of visualisation techniques is the application of strategic design in addressing societal challenges.
with longer-term priorities for research and policy that address more fundamental barriers to methodological integration. 5. 1. Overcoming short-term barriers One way to extend the application of quantitative methods in FTA
Proficiency and Publishing. 14 Da Costa et al. 72 illustrate the stepwise organisation of the participatory process by suggesting the application of varying degrees of participation in each phase of the foresight process
and at the JRC-IPTS she is developing a specific interest in their combination and application in foresight exercises.
She has worked in several foresight projects mainly in the advancement of the application of foresight as an instrument for policy-making formulation.
The dominant approach to analysing TLC uses the S-curve to observe patent applications over time.
But using the patent application counts alone to represent the development of technology oversimplifies the situation.
but precise anticipation of when a given advanced technology will be ready for application is precarious.
Usually, patent application activity is tracked as a TLC indicator for the S-curve analysis 10,12, 13.
But using patent application counts alone to represent the development of technology oversimplifies the situation. Accordingly, some multiple indicators are used to measure TLC.
Thirteen indicators are selected for TLC assessment (Table 2). All the data of the indicators are extracted by priority year (the first filing date year for a patent application
Matlab 2010b is used for implementing the algorithms. 2. 1. 1. Application and priority Usually, three kinds of dates are included in the DII database:
application year, priority year, and basic year. The basic year has no legal meaning, but only represents the year in
Currently, most of TLC related literatures are based on application year 15,17 20. But the priority year presents the first time an invention has been disclosed.
/Technological forecasting & Social Change 80 (2013) 398 407 in DII by application year for the Application indicator and count the number of patents in DII by priority year for the Priority indicator
The IPC top 5 is a group of five IPCSWITH the highest number of applications.
The IPC top 10 is another group of 10 IPCS with the highest number of applications.
Indicator Indicator description 1 Application Number of patents in DII by application year 2 Priority Number of patents in DII by priority year 3 Corporate Number
The number of inventors is less than some other indicators, such as application numbers and priority application numbers in the maturity and decline stages.
2007 2008 2009 Application Priority Corporate Non-corporate Inventor Literaturecitation Patentcitation IPC IP-CTOP10 MC MC-TOP5 IP-CTOP5 MC
2006 2007 2008 2009 Application Priority Corporate Non-corporate Inventor Literaturecitation Patentcitation IPC IPC-TOP5 IPC-TOP10 MC MC-TOP5
Technology managers might informtheir NBS R&d investments by analysing patent application data from 1997 to the present to identify hot research topics or technological gaps.
it involves nanotechnology and biotechnology, with diverse application possibilities. Different types of technologies may have different developing patterns, especially for those technologies close to basic science, such as biotechnology.
Application of Gompertz curve model in the patent trend forecast, New Technol. Libr. Inf. Serv. 11 (2009) 59 63.20 H. L. Yu, Analysis of the particleboard technology based on TRIZ and S-Curve technique evolution law, Forest.
what may be the clue to understand the modus operandi of devolutiont per se the development of evolutionary algorithms for many different problem-solving and/or theoretical applications.
what makes Darwinism a so controversial and long-lived scientific discipline, still open to further developments and applications. Theorizing about the evolutionary (Darwinian) aspects of technological change is then not merely a question of using metaphors and making analogies,
Mainstream economics still has strong objections to the application of pure Darwinian principles in the working of agents in the socioeconomic realm.
with the convergence of different fields of science toward what may be the clue to understand the modus operandi of devolutiont per se the development of evolutionary algorithms for many different problem-solving and/or theoretical applications.
It was not until the 1970s that the Volterra Lotka equations have found numerous applications in the world of business
both theoretically and for applications this understanding will facilitate. Here we are dealing also with one of the most controversial points in all previous attempts of comparisons between biological and technological evolution,
This is a new and emergent scientific branch that is finding increasing application in a wide range of fields, from the physical sciences, to life sciences and to social sciences.
and regarding its application to technological systems see the work of Sole'et al. 31, also conducted in close collaboration with other researchers at the Santa fe Institute.
Altogether the application of these methods within the limits imposed by their own characteristics has helped researchers in unraveling some until now hidden properties of technological systems.
Early applications of adaptive policies are also found in the field of environmental management 30,31,
Those applications, however, aimed at translating the troublesome regions back to qualitative scenarios that could then be presented to a decision maker.
Techniques and Applications, Adison-Wesley, 1975.11 O. Saritas, J. E. Smith, The Big Picture trends, drivers, wild cards, discontinuities and weak signals, Futures 43
We report on three applications of EMA, using different modeling approaches, in three different technical domains.
These cases differ in application domain, the type of models used, and the purpose of the study.
Application domains include chemical process monitoring and control, and gene expression research. This area of research might contain useful techniques for further reducing the results and supporting the interpretation.
These cases differed in the modeling paradigm that was used, in the application domain, and in the type of problem being investigated.
and communication of EMA insights are thus of crucial importance for its successful real world application.
futures thinking and scenarios 3. 1. Innovation systems Innovation involves the application of new ideas or the reapplication of old ideas in new ways to develop better solutions to our needs 31.
who joined Rand, explored the application of systems analysis and game theory in order to encourage‘thinking the unthinkable'8. Meanwhile in France,
which applications are made. Contextual features will include, among other things, the morphology or physiology of the domain, the purpose and theoretical premises of the study,
However, the commonality of scenario applications is the orientation to the future and that the knowledge produced is uncertain.
or was lacking) are an important feature in the design and application of future scenario practice.
and output indicators such as publications and patent applications 7, 8. More than ten years have passed since the U s. National science and Technology Council published its first vision for nanotechnology research
where the onset of size-dependent phenomena usually enables novel applications. Nanotechnologies utilize the properties of nanoscale materials that differ from the properties of individual atoms, molecules,
and systems that exploit these newproperties. 1 This broad definition covers clusters of technologies that may have different characteristics and applications.
At the turn of the century, nanotechnology was discussed mainly with regard to content (future applications), not with regard to the future decision-making processes and the participation of stakeholders,
and how smart they become about the application of nanotechnology solutions. Those societies that 3 Today
In this model, technology results from research whereas society has to adapt to technology to make its applications successful.
application-driven research will produce new scientific discoveries and economic optimization leading to new technologies and industries.
describing future applications, analyzing research deficits, and making policy recommendations. From1988 to 1998, the technology field wasmonitored by analyzing the literature,
and to assess the market potentials of future nano-applications. In 1998 these early monitoring and forecasting activities were followed by an initiative of the BMBF to establish the first six national nanotechnology competence centers with annual funding.
Nanochem (production and safety assessment of nanomaterials for industrial applications. In 2003 the Office of Technology assessment at the German Parliament conducted a broad technology assessment on nanotechnology 49.
Section 4 presents conclusions for future applications of transformative foresight. 2. INFU methodology The INFU project envisioned
These two visions were excluded thereafter from further interpretation. 2. 3. Assessment of coverage of dimensions of change A third innovative feature developed within INFU to underpin the capture of structural change is the application of a framework of dimensions of change at the very beginning of the project.
In the past the demand environment for foresight on research and innovation policy favoured application to priority-setting and articulation of demand.
As indicated above there has been a steady increase in the application of criteria of relevance and impact, particularly but not exclusively in terms of working with business.
Studies have indicated that the principal applications of FTA have been in supporting priority-setting and in the analysis and articulation of the potential of future technologies 9
Their application to innovation is increasingly taking into account the user perspective and the need for social shaping.
What are the similarities and differences in the application of foresight methods to strategic policy processes between the local and national level?
Each case involved experiences with the application of scenario analysis methods at a regional and/or local policy level (including municipalities and regional authorities.
and application process and was one of the authors of the scenarios. One of the authors conducted both national level inquiries that were used as data sources for this article.
raising awareness about the future (a more generic application: to gain a better understanding of the future of the issue at stake, the degrees of uncertainty involved, the coherence of future developments, the speed of change of developments,
To summarise, at both the national and local levels, a kind of‘future champion'plays an important role in the development of the foresight process and its application to strategic policy-making.
Fig. 3. IMS2020 scenarios. 7 Microsoft Sharepoint Workspace is a desktop application designed for document collaboration in teams with members who are regularly off-line
joint application of integrated management model and roadmapping, Technological forecasting and Social Change 71 (2004) 27 65.6 O. Saritas, Systems thinking for Foresight,(Ph d. thesis), Manchester
methodologies and selected applications,'Blind illustrates three methodologies for performing Regulatory foresight. Regulatory foresight addresses approaches allowing future fields of regulatory actions to be identified,
and users across European countries and advancing the application of Foresight as an instrument for policy-making formulation.
Previous research on this topic has shown that there is a large gap between the adoption of digital TV and the actual use of its interactive features and applications, i e.,
34 respondents (0. 3%)were identified as providing an entry with possibly promising DTV-applications or services.
1) 3d images,(2) community-functions through DTV,(3) DTV as an embedded open source platform where everyone can develop applications,
(5) automatic subtitling of all channels and content,(6)‘ mailing'of recorded programmes or content to other users,(7) ratings and recommendations through DTV,(8)‘ smart home'applications through DTV,
Section 3 outlines the empirical application of the proposed system in three case studies. Results show,
and both joint and individual strategic objectives and related customised operational processes and monitoring systems. 3. Empirical applications:
among others. 3. 2. 4. Negative results Through the application of the proposed system it was possible to observe,
The analysis of strengths and weaknesses (SWOT analysis) stimulated an important reflection in terms of the future via the application of the Global Business Network scenarios.
its application in practice (case studies) has shown that there are still a number of elements which need to be improved.
and its partners in the value chain considering alternative futures and building upon increased participation in decision making processes for applications such as:
Such an application of the system in practice shall be subject of future work to be developed by the authors. 5. Conclusions The system proposed was developed based on perceived gaps in the process of implementing the BSC The guiding objective was to combine characteristics inherent to PMS, such as participation
The application of the proposed system in practice shows that the notion of stakeholder involvement, mutual experimentation and learning,
and refine such a renewed system the authors propose its application in practice as an avenue for future research.
In this context, the application of futures research methods can serve various goals such as testing strategies, or identifying new business fields or new policy issues.
Heger and Rohrbeck 39 describe the collaborative application of a set of foresight methods for exploration of new business fields,
Additionally, the application of the CIM can reveal various system failures that can limit the effectiveness of the use of futures research.
Since the use of futures research in innovation networks is not yet mature it can be expected that the application of the CIM to the cases reveals that the focal networks have not explicated
It was developed based on the initial EIT SIA in the application phase of the KICS. Later, both, the KIC's vision and strategy were in conjunction with the revision of the EIT's SIA.
The CEO is also responsible for the application of the vision and strategy at a day-to-day operational level.
or a real-as-life setting Projects 3. 3 Testbeds and simulation tools Integrates hardware and software platforms and simulation tools across companies in order to test applications,
When recalling the application of the Cyclic Innovation Model to the three cases at least three issues are noticeable:
The application of the Cyclic Innovation Model shows that the envisioned and practiced openness of the three networks differs substantially.
and application of the ways that science and technology contribute to economic and social development, of the possibilities for managing research and technology more effectively,
Furthermore, by exploring new mixes of FTA TOOLS they contribute to the creation of FTA techniques that are more adaptive to clients'needs and to context characteristiics Last but not least, this special section also contribbute to the identification of key success factors in the application of these techniques.
using future mobile applications as a casestuudy The analysis is based on the results of the Reseaarc on Mobile Applications and Services project,
it would now be helpful to establish clearer guidelines for their application, including a robust methodology
The current and likely future dynamics of the creative content industries represent a major challeeng for the application of forward-looking methood to underpin
beyond the usual ones associated with the application of leading edge methods. The overall conclusion is that the methodology
Key success factors applied to Canadian foresight Key success factor Application analysis Significant and clear client:
in addition to the usual ones associated with the application of leading-edge methods. Further studies should validate these factors by applying them to different foresight organizations,
and the use of such analysis. Each of these covers a number of discipliine and requires the application of different technoloogies Furthermore,
'This workshop proposed the concept of NBIC and discussse possible applications to human health and performance.
2004) directed to the application of converging technologies to development of a Europeea knowledge society. This report contains the pragmatic definition:
and IT can interact in biomedical biosecurity applications. In the present study we have applied the concept of converging technologiies particularly the pragmatic European definition,
and identify key technology applications to combat EID Phase II Final Symposium Roadmapping II Roadmapping I Figure 2 Information flow through the project Biosecurity and
A key area of interest for the project is how technoloogie can converge to contribute to the overall capabilities for more effective applications in biosecurrit and EID management in the four designated life cycle domains.
All the technology research and application domaain identified in the roadmapping workshops fit with the life cycle model (see Figure 5). In keeping with the theme of converging technologies,
Table 3 shows the landscape of diagnosstic technology application as seen from both the user's and the technology developer's point of view.
as shown by the technology roadmaps through the mapping of technollog applications with the EID life cycle.
then the landsccap of each technology application domain emerged. To this, the final stage (technology roadmappping added the details of a proposed‘working plan'that are suitable in different time frames
Drawing on our own experiences in the Interdisciplinary research On Mobile Applications and Services (ROMAS) project,
which focused on future mobile applications in a living lab setting, we illustrate how the two challenges can be tackled.
This work was supported by the IBBT ROMAS (Research On Mobile Applications and Services) project, co-funded by the Interdisciplinary Institute for Broadband Technology (IBBT),
which refers to‘general application service performance'(Soldani, 2006: 1), received a lot of attention in the past, it seems that Qoe has driven now taken over
insigght into users'experiences and expectations (e g. in a particular context or for a certain application) are shared often not in an interdisciplinary developmeen team.
it covered a wireless environment offering various applications to a large panel of test users via different platforms (e g. personal digital assisstan (PDA), laptop etc.).
The main objective of ROMAS was to generate a set of cross-application research findings that can optimize the integrated development process for new digital products and services.
and co-develop new and innovative applications. This framework enables developers and companies to gain an insight into the main drivers and constraints in service innovation and into the conditions for meeting social and user requirements (Lievens and Pierson, 2006).
In the first stage (opportunity identification), possibbl (future) applications and trends in consumer behavviou were explored.
Next, the socioeconomic feasibility of these possible services and applications was investigated by the i-City test panel.
In the second stage (concept development and evaluatioon) a selection of mobile applications was studied by interdisciplinary research teams in a horizontal layer
Finally, the third stage (test market and pilotinng consisted of an evaluation of the results from the second stage on an individual application level
and knowledge in order to identify current and future mobile applications that might not only make a significant difference to consummers everyday lives,
in order to list existing mobile applications and new concepts developed by the mobile industry. This invenntor was used as background information to familiiariz the researchers with the possibilities of mobile technologies.
The first consisted of members of the i-City panel, all familiar with advanced mobile applications and their use in a city environment.
The second group consisted of regular consumers, only familiar with the basic applications of traditional mobile phones.
and to imagine future needs and applications. Users oftte keep referring to familiar technologies such as multimedia messaging services, phone calls etc.
a list of 80 mobile applications was created. The list was divided preliminnaril into eight categories based on the time-use research.
it served as input for the compilation of attractive and successful application clusters (stage 2). Given the results that were yielded in this first instaanc of user involvement,
i e. the conteen and service providers who can also be considerre as professional users of the mobile applications
and sounded out for their interest in Table 2. Final list of 80 (future) mobile applications Finding people with same interests Note taking Reader Mobile payment Traffic jam
and Public policy February 2010 57 the use of mobile applications to support their existiin products and services.
By combining all input sources (desk research, user research and consultatiio of industry partners), three types of applications were identified:
User-generated applications that were not being developed by the industry at the time of the reseaarch Applications that were mentioned by the users
Applications that were mentioned not by the users in the study, but that already were already commerciialize
Concept evaluation Next, all the applications considered in the first phase were transformed into workable paper conceept
First, we examined the 80 applications and/or ideas and tried to group the long list into some clearly distinguishable application clusters.
The criteeri for this clustering are the correlations and similariitie in interest patterns for certain subsets of applications.
The difference in the interest shown in each of these application clusters can be considered as a first exploration of their potential.
Secondly, the clusters were ranked to identify the most promising application (s)/ cluster (s). A factor analysis (using the principal component analysis technique) of the interest shown by the 312 respondents in the 80 mobile city application (s) showed that this interest can be summarized in 21 factors,
still explaining 67.5%of the total variance (R2=0. 674). The internal consistency and reliability of each factor was assessed using Cronbach's alpha (alpha values exceeding 0. 65 are considered to be internnall consistent.
Since each cluster represents a set of applications with strong correlations in the interest (or disinteresst shown by the 312 respondents,
they can also be considered as a potential added value domain for mobile city applications for a certain part of the market. 16 applications could not be clustered
Clusters and single applications were ranked on the basis of the respondennts interest level (Table 4). The overall average interest ranking for all the clusters showed that the most important innovations in these mobile applicatiion are not the most high-tech ones
but rather those applications that enable people to save time and that contribute to a better quality of life.
A possible explannatio for this may be found in the somewhat abstrrac description of the application ideas
in order to reach definite conclusions about the appeea of each of these applications. The correlation of interests in the different kinds of application was used also to cluster participants.
Although this clusterrin is discussed not in detail in this paper, the analysis yielded valuable insights into the appeal of certain types of application to certain user clusters, by means of profound analysis of interest,
perceived added value and willingness-to-pay for some applicatiions Results of stage 3: Test market For the third user involvement session,
One application, i e. mobile news, was selected from the list by the industtr partners for further development
despite its limitte appeal to the panel members (Table 4). As the industry partners aimed to test the application
and assess the adoption potential of the mobile news application on the basis of a working prototype,
the mobile news application was developed by Concenntra The i-City panel was able to test it
and the adoption potential of the application was assessed by means of a large-scale survey (Berte et al.,
and corresponding Cronbach's alpha values Application cluster Cronbach's alpha Food and shopping help 0. 871 Tourist information 0. 775 Mobile social contact
During the same stage, the Qoe of one particular application (i e. Wapedia: a Wikipedia application for mobile access) was investigated in a controlled reseaarc setting.
This study should be seen as a methodoloogica sideline in the ROMAS project, focusing on the evaluation of Qoe in a mobile living lab settiing In this context,
It was tested in a pilot study of the Wapedia application. Ten test users, all recruited by a specialized recruiting agency,
Table 4. Ranking of application clusters and separate applications based on respondents'interest level Application (cluster) Average interest (1:
very interesting) Application (cluster) Average interest (1: not interesting at all 5: very interesting) Application (cluster) Average interest (1:
not interesting at all 5: very interesting) Very appealing Moderately appealing Not appealing Indication of parking spaces
In the pilot study, a photo-download application was for example devellope to simulate different download times (ranging from 0 to 5 second scenarios.
which causes the application to slow down. The ratings for speed and general experiienc drop significantly at-83 dbm.
and despite the bad experience at-83 dbm, user 10 would still reuse this application.
Empirical findings from the interdisciplinary ROMAS project on future mobile applications were presented in this paper in order to illustrate how both challenges can be tackled.
even in living lab research the focus is still primarily on a certain technology or new application (e g. mobile TV),
new applications that are tested in the natural environment would therefore only be an additional layer on top of the‘domesticated'netwoork and devices.
Research on Mobile Applications and Services (interrna document. Lievrouw, L 2006. New media design and development:
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