The discovery has been published in the renown scientific journal Nature Materials with the title nhancement of the chemical stability in confined d-Bi2o3 wherein the DTU-researchers describe in detail how they used advanced Pulse Laser Deposition (PLD
NRL is also looking at spinel for the windows on lasers operating in maritime and other hostile environments. e got to worry about wave slap and saltwater and things like that,
(and other materials) for next generation (NEXTGEN) lasers. asers can be thought of as a box comprised of optics,
For passive laser applications, like exit apertures (windows), the key is high quality. hat window, if it got any impurities or junk,
it can absorb that laser light, says Sanghera. hen it absorbs, things heat up, which can cause the window to break.
For active laser applications, theye demonstrated how sintering can be used with materials other than spinel to make a laser that xcellent optical quality.
NRL has transitioned both types of laser materials and applications to industry. What makes NRL tick is solving problems Sanghera came to NRL in 1988,
his fiber can remote the energy from the laser, which is inside the platform, to a device on the outside,
and then shoot the laser beam out, confuse the missile. He acknowledges, n Dod, we are the premier place for development of fiber lasers.
It something we are heavily involved with all the different types of fibers and configurations and materials required to enable these eye-safer and NEXTGEN lasers.
Sanghera says that there evolution, like enhancing an existing capability by improving size, weight, and performance/power (SWAP);
#Perseverance paves way for wind laser Developing new satellite instruments is always challenging, but at times more head-scratching is needed to create something truly cutting-edge.
but its wind lasers are now ready and the task of putting the rest of the instrument together can begin
a novel wind lidar called Aladin incorporating two powerful lasers, a large telescope and very sensitive receivers.
The laser generates UV LIGHT which is beamed towards Earth. This light bounces off air molecules and small particles such as dust, ice and droplets of water in the atmosphere.
By comparing these frequencies with the original laser, the winds below the satellite can be determined.
and testing both lasers. Despite numerous setbacks in particular issues associated with them working properly in a vacuum,
Both lasers have now been delivered to Airbus Defence and Space in Toulouse, France, ready to be integrated into the rest of Aladin.
Alessandro Dttavi, the Aladin System Engineering Manager at Selex-ES Pomezia, near Rome, has worked on the laser
the team spirit and motivation has remained always high. ow that the lasers are both safely in the hands of Airbus in France we wish them well with integrating them into the Aladin instrument
Giuseppe Pulella, Programme Manager for the laser transmitter at the Selex-ES factory near Florence, added, e have been working at the forefront of optics
and laser technology for some time and encountered some pitfalls along the way. evertheless, we have overcome these with a mixture of technical solutions.
including testing the life of the spare laser, but we now feel that we have mastered the main challenges that earlier stalled its development.
The Aladin team at Airbus have had the first laser since last year and have carried already out some important tests on its optics.
However, the arrival of the second laser allows the team to move on and assemble and test the full instrument
he delivery of the second flight laser is a major achievement by Selex-ES, who have overcome major technology issues along the way. he contributions of Airbus Defence and Space,
NEW METHOD Randomly scattered laser light appears as a finely grained speckle pattern as a result of interference of many scattered light paths.
and the laser light is shone upon the scattering surface. The lens creates a speckle pattern that can be scanned on the object.
and lattice vibrations in a crystal of lithium niobate and to observe how a laser focused onto a glass plate creates a hot, rapidly expanding plume of plasma.
Such as the laser ignition of fusion, the phase transition of materials, and the dynamics of a Coulomb explosion.
the necessary clearance from laser beampaths, the high velocity of the debris ind, and the limited access for exchange once it is loaded in the DIM.
generated using laser beams, and is 100 times stronger than that of the world strongest magnets.
A superfluid with loops The team first used a combination of laser cooling and evaporative cooling methods,
the researchers used a set of lasers to create a crystalline array of atoms, or optical lattice.
The electric field of the laser beams creates what known as a periodic potential landscape, similar to an egg carton,
ultrahigh magnetic field, using laser beams to push atoms around in tiny orbits, similar to the orbits of electrons under a real magnetic field.
and two additional laser beams to control the motion of the atoms. On a flat lattice, atoms can easily move around from site to site.
In this scenario, atoms could only move with the help of laser beams. ow the laser beams could be used to make neutral atoms move around like electrons in a strong magnetic field
Using laser beams, the group could make the atoms orbit, or loop around, in a radius as small as two lattice squares, similar to how particles would move in an extremely high magnetic field. nce we had the idea,
All we had to do was take two suitable laser beams and carefully align them at specific angles,
and a half to optimize the lasers and electronic controls to avoid any extraneous pushing of the atoms,
which could make them lose their superfluid properties. t a complicated experiment, with a lot of laser beams, electronics,
showed that a special technique using a laser to detect the subtle differences in blood flow beneath the skin enabled researchers to tell the difference between malignant melanoma and non-cancerous moles.
55 patients with atypical moles agreed to have monitored their skin by researchers at Pisa University Hospital using a laser Doppler system.
The laser Doppler was used to record the complex interactions taking place in the minute blood vessels beneath their suspicious mole for around 30 minutes.
and the results were compared with the information obtained noninvasively sing the laser Doppler scan. The laser Doppler signal correctly identified 100%of the patients with malignant skin.
Professor Aneta Stefanovska of Lancaster University said: e used our knowledge of blood flow dynamics to pick up on markers
has developed a technology that fires and recaptures scattered laser light to literally ee around corners. The system sends a pulse of laser light off of a wall or surface and into a nonvisible space.
The scattering photons from the laser bounce off obstacles and make their way back to sensors in the camera.
The dimensions of that unseen space are recreated then based on the time stamp of the photons that scatter back to the camera.
directing laser pulses into suspected cave openings. The project is led by Jeff Nosanov, of Nosanov Consulting in Bethesda, Maryland.
Next they dyed the sample with 14 different dyes in a narrow emission window and excited and photoswitched the molecules with one laser.
Semiconductor lasers typically emit into elliptical beams that are really hard to work with and the new metasurface optical components could replace expensive optical systems used to circularize the beams.
The standard approach to squeezing light involves firing an intense laser beam at a material, usually a nonlinear crystal,
Even lasers the most perfect light source known, carry this level of fluctuating noise. This is when things get stranger still,
In the Cambridge experiment, the researchers achieved this by shining a faint laser beam on to their artificial atom, the quantum dot.
By scattering faint laser light from the quantum dot, the noise of part of the electromagnetic field was reduced to an extremely precise and low level
They excited motions with a laser pulse (pump pulse, red) and probed the laser-induced structural changes with a subsequent electron pulse (probe pulse, blue).
The electrons of the probe pulse scatter off the monolayer atoms (blue and yellow spheres)
to take snapshots of a three-atom-thick layer of a promising material as it wrinkles in response to a laser pulse.
and evolve in response to laser light. Researchers at SLAC placed their monolayer samples which were prepared by Linyou Cao group at North carolina State university, into a beam of very energetic electrons.
If a laser pulse heats the monolayer up, it sends ripples through the layer. These wrinkles,
The team then used ultrashort laser pulses to excite motions in the material, which cause the scattering pattern to change over time. ombined with theoretical calculations,
The technique relies on analysis of reflected light from short laser pulses to gain information about magnetization. Unfortunately
the physics of optical diffraction limit how small a laser spot can be used, which ultimately limits the resolution of the technique.
In the past, surgeons could not see the laser beam through the standard stereomicroscope, nor anatomical details in the NIR images.
It can also be treated with a procedure called cardiac ablation that burns away the malfunctioning cells using a high-powered laser that threaded into the heart on a catheter.
The laser also damages surrounding cells which can cause artery damage and other serious problems.
and destroy the cells with a far more precise technique that uses low-level red light illumination instead of a high power laser.
and high power lasers char the tissue in the heart. This treatment is much easier and much safer.
#Laser-printed holograms could enable'smart windows'Making holograms isn't easy-it requires expensive equipment, complex physics and time-consuming recording techniques.
which splits a laser pulse into two beams to create an interference pattern on a surface.
Haider Butt and his colleagues overcame those problems using a nanosecond laser than can print ink holograms about a square centimetre in size in just five nanoseconds."
"Our oxide is deposited through pulsed laser ablation (i e. a strong laser pulse literally blows off some of the material which travels across a chamber and sticks onto a substrate,
not unlike how you would get splashed if you throw a ball hard enough into water),
The astro-comb works by injecting 8000 lines of laser light into the spectrograph. They hit the same pixels as starlight of the same wavelength.
since the researchers needed to convert red laser light to green frequencies. They did it by making small fibers that convert one color of light to another.
and using the correlations between those particles The JQI experiment starts out with a laser beam,
and are no longer coordinated in space and time (in contrast to laser light). Experiments more than a decade ago,
if laser light is available? Because in many measurement environments (such as light coming from astronomical sources) coherent light is not available,
The ability to mold inorganic nanoparticles out of materials such as gold and silver in precisely designed 3d shapes is a significant breakthrough that has the potential to advance laser technology microscopy solar cells electronics environmental testing disease
and manufacture it more efficiently using an optimized laser process. Transformers convert the standard voltage from the wall outlet into the lower voltages required by electronic devices.
This results in a lower heat development and thus reduces the material's hysteresis loss says Dr. Andreas Wetzig who heads the laser ablation
Laser processing has long become established as the preferred method for this type of heat treatment.
While the steel sheet measuring around one meter in width moves forward at a rate of more than 100 meters per minute a focused laser beam travels at very high speed (approximately 200 meters per second) from side to side
We have developed a means of deflecting the laser beam that allows the distance between the paths to be controlled flexibly
which is used to deflect the laser beam. This increases the flexibility of the machining process and allows it to be adapted to specific conditions such as the quality of the raw material and to different production rates.
The main aim of this research is to facilitate the integration of laser processing in existing production environments in order to save time and costs.
In a further effort to reduce hysteresis loss in electrical steel the researchers have started recently working with a new type of solid-state laser:
the fiber laser. The results we have obtained so far are very promising. This type of laser offers better heat absorption characteristics than traditional CO2 lasers says Wetzig.
It cuts hysteresis loss by up to 15 percent compared with the 10 percent normally achieved until now.
The benefits of laser processing in the case of non-grain-oriented electrical steel vary according to the working point of the specific engine or motor.
#How metallic alloys reorganize during microscale laser melting processes: Elements of successful connections High-power lasers that can selectively cut
and join metallic products are becoming increasingly important in today's manufacturing industry. Now, Yingchun Guan from the A*STAR Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology and her co-workers have developed a technique that reveals exactly how molten elements vaporize
and move about inside a laser-generated surface'plume'1--findings that can advance additive manufacturing techniques used to print three-dimensional (3d) objects.
Recently, the A*STAR team demonstrated that laser surface melting of these alloys enhances their corrosion resistance as a result of a notable enhancement in the surface concentration of aluminum.
however, to make the link between the initial alloy composition and the final product after laser processing,
as many complex interactions occur in the cloudlike plume of laser-generated vapor particles. Guan and her team designed a new experimental setup that can quantify
which molten alloy elements are ejected into the laser plume. They positioned a thin silicon substrate perpendicular to a Mg-Al-based alloy a few millimeters from the laser firing point.
Laser pulses then generated a plume that deposited onto the silicon surface. When the researchers used a scanning electron microscope (SEM) to examine the deposits,
they saw clear evidence of a phase explosion--a mixture of liquid and vaporized particles thrown out by the laser impact.
These liquid deposits rendered many sections of the silicon wafer unsuitable for quantitative analysis. But by combining the element-identifying capability of the SEM with time-of-flight mass spectrometry,
the population of Al ions rises in the middle of the near-field region close to the laser firing point.
"Our chemical analysis of the transport rates and distribution of vaporized species in the plume offers improved understanding of critical laser processes, including those used in additive manufacturing,
#Laser comb system maps 3-D surfaces remotely for manufacturing, forensics Researchers at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) have demonstrated a laser-based imaging system that creates high-definition 3d maps of surfaces from as far away as 10.5 meters.
The method may be useful in diverse fields including precision machining and assembly as well as in forensics.
NIST's 3d mapping system combines a form of laser detection and ranging (LADAR) which is sensitive enough to detect weak reflected light with the ranging accuracy made possible by frequency combs as previously demonstrated at NIST.
The frequency comb a tool for precisely measuring different frequencies of light is used to continuously calibrate the laser in the imaging system.
Operating with laser power of just 9 milliwatts --which is safe for the eyes at the instrument's infrared wavelength--NIST's 3d mapping system scans a target object point by point across a grid measuring the distance to each point.
LADAR typically measures distance based on the round-trip flight time of laser light which reflects off the target
In the NIST LADAR system the laser sweeps continuously across a band of frequencies. The initial laser output is combined with the reflected light
and the resulting beat signals are converted to voltage and analyzed by digital signal processing to generate time delay data
However by including a frequency comb to continuously calibrate the swept laser the NIST system can operate much more rapidly yielding one measurement point every half a millisecond
Comb-calibrated laser ranging for three-dimensional surface profiling with micrometer-level precision at a distance.
#Laser scientists create portable sensor for nitrous oxide, methane Rice university scientists have created a highly sensitive portable sensor to test the air for the most damaging greenhouse gases.
and laser pioneer Frank Tittel and his group uses a thumbnail-sized quantum cascade laser (QCL) as well as tuning forks that cost no more than a dime to detect very small amounts of nitrous oxide and methane.
That allows for far better detection of gases than more common lasers that operate in the near-infrared.
and is far better able to detect trace amounts of gas than lasers used in the past.
"The laser beam is focused between the two prongs of the quartz tuning fork. When light at a specific wavelength is absorbed by the gas of interest,
Co-authors include Rice graduate student Wenzhe Jiang and former Rice Laser Science Group members Przemystaw Stefanski, Rafat Lewicki, Jiawei Zhang and Jan Tarka.
The optical lattice was generated using two laser beams traveling in opposite directions, whose fields add up to form a sinusoidal periodic pattern in one dimension.
and then cooled them down with more laser light to just above absolute zero. The charged atoms can then be trapped using voltages applied to nearby metallic surfaces.
Mass-Selected Photoelectron Circular Dichroism (MS-PECD) uses circularly polarised light produced by a laser to ionise the molecules using a couple of photons to knock an electron out of the chiral molecule to leave a positively charged ion behind.
either forwards or backwards along the laser beam it is possible to distinguish between left and right handed molecules with an accuracy of up to several tens of per cent rather than a fraction of a per cent.
Instead of using lasers or cameras and algorithms or satellite GPS, this is guided by a cable that emits a electromagnetic signal.
#The First White Laser Scientists and engineers at Arizona State university, in Tempe, have created the first lasers that can shine light over the full spectrum of visible colors.
The device inventors suggest the laser could find use in video displays, solid-state lighting, and a laser-based version of Wi-fi. Although previous research has created red, blue, green and other lasers,
each of these lasers usually only emitted one color of light. Creating a monolithic structure capable of emitting red, green,
and blue all at once has proven difficult because it requires combining very different semiconductors. Growing such mismatched crystals right next to each other often results in fatal defects throughout each of these materials.
Lasers could be far more energy-efficient than LEDS: While LED-based lighting produces up to about 150 lumens per watt of electricity,
lasers could produce more than 400 lumens per watt, says Cun-Zheng Ning, a physicist and electrical engineer at Arizona State university at Tempe who worked on the laser.
In addition, he says that white lasers could also lead to video displays with more vivid colors and higher contrast than conventional displays.
Another important potential application could be"Li-Fi, "the use of light to connect devices to the Interenet.
He suggests white-laser based Li-Fi could be 10 to 100 times faster than LED-based Li-Fi,
because the lasers can encode data much faster than white LEDS. In the future, the scientists plan to explore
whether they can excite these lasers with electricity instead of with light pulses. They detailed their findings online 27 july in the journal Nature Nanotechnology N
#Laser-Radio links Upgrade the Internet The rise of Wi-fi and cellular data services made Internet access more convenient and ubiquitous.
Technology that uses parallel radio and laser links to move data through the air at high speeds,
AOPTIX technology takes the form of a box roughly the size of a coffee table with an infrared laser peering out of a small window on the front,
AOPTIX teamed up the laser and radio links to compensate for weaknesses with either technology used alone.
Laser beams are blocked by fog, while millimeter wave radio signals are absorbed by rain. Routing data over both simultaneously provides redundancy that allows an AOPTIX link to guarantee a rate of two gigabits per second with only five minutes or less downtime in a year,
The radio and laser equipment inside an AOPTIX device move automatically to compensate for the swaying of a cell tower caused by wind.
AOPTIX originally developed its laser technology for the Pentagon, designing systems that actively steer laser beams to keep data moving between ground stations, drones, and fighter jets.
Magic Leap is also trying to recruit people skilled in lasers, mobile and wireless electronics, cameras,
It s akin to a very low-yield 3-D laser printer. First they use this method to create the desired structure a lattice out of a polymer.
and LIDAR, or laser-scanning, to make sure it stays between rows of mature cornstalks without hitting them.
Although such fields could also be fertilized at any time via irrigation, only about 15 percent of U s. cornfields are irrigated.
that industry often uses manual assembly to put them together. n the field of optical electronics people have not found a good way to integrate indium phosphide lasers with silicon components,
Laser-sealing eye blood vessels can save central vision, but this often sacrifices peripheral and night vision, according to the researchers at the Johns hopkins university and the University of Maryland.
Laser-sealing eye blood vessels can save central vision, but this often sacrifices peripheral and night vision, according to the researchers at the Johns hopkins university and the University of Maryland.
which uses a laser device may be able to non-invasively monitor blood glucose levels and eliminate the need for daily finger pricking for diabetics.
uses a small device with low-powered lasers to measure blood glucose levels without penetrating the skin.
At the heart of the new technology is a piece of nano-engineered silica glass with ions that fluoresce in infrared light when a low power laser light hits them.
which uses a laser device may be able to non-invasively monitor blood glucose levels and eliminate the need for daily finger pricking for diabetics.
uses a small device with low-powered lasers to measure blood glucose levels without penetrating the skin.
At the heart of the new technology is a piece of nano-engineered silica glass with ions that fluoresce in infrared light when a low power laser light hits them.
It is faster than a laser scanner, and requires no complicated postprocessing. At#15,700, the Spider doesn't come cheap,
and high-power lasers,"added Professor Sahu.""This is something that has never been tried before and we are excited about starting this project. r
& Laser It took some time, but, in the end, the first 3d printer entirely made in Romania by Symme3d looks like it has been worth the wait.
or welding (ultrasonic, laser or spot). Source: http://www. cap-xx. com c
#Scientists Develop Entirely Artificial Molecular Pump The new machine mimics the pumping mechanism of life-sustaining proteins that move small molecules around living cells to metabolize and store energy from food.
when irradiated with laser light of a specific wavelength. One such'chameleon protein'is called Dendra 2,
when it is irradiated by intensive violet or ultraviolet (UV) laser light. Two-laser combination Dempsey and Pantazis specifically discovered that
when Dendra 2 is irradiated by both a blue and a red laser at the same time,
the protein's colour can also change to red. For this dual-colour illumination low intensity laser light is sufficient.
In contrast to high intensity violet or ultraviolet (UV) irradiation it does not damage living cells.
when used individually, two different laser beams cannot change a chameleon protein's colour. But when the two beams are combined
the proteins that are activated not at the same time by the two lasers retain their original colour. The researchers have developed a simple and inexpensive colour filter,
which can be used with the conventional confocal laser microscopes that are found in many biomedical research institutes.
When mounted between the laser source and object the filter divides the laser light into separate blue
and red beams that are directed on to a small focal point on the object. Examination of dynamic processes In the case of the zebrafish larva,
They then focused the combined laser beam's focal point on the cell body of a single neuron in a live, anesthetized zebrafish.
as measured by a pair of laser Doppler vibrometers and observed in spectrum analysis of the cantilever's oscillating frequencies."
For example, when the spirals are lit up with infrared laser light, they produce visible blue light. In fact, several crystals are known to produce this effect,
The optical lattice was produced by two laser beams traveling in opposite directions, the fields of which together form a sinusoidal periodic pattern in a single dimension.
The atoms were cooled then down with more laser light to a temperature immediately above absolute zero. Using voltages applied to metallic surfaces in very close proximity,
the new approach involves bouncing laser light off individual bacteria under the microscope, creating holographic images of them,
"Employing laser holographic techniques, we achieved rapid and label-free identification of bacterial species at the single bacterium level with a single-shot measurement,
which features 10-nanometer spatial resolution infrared chemical mapping in an easy-to-use, laser-safe package.
#Smart Sensor Chip with Nanocavities for Early Prostate Cancer Diagnosis Researchers at the University of Birmingham believe that the novel technology will help improve the process of early stage diagnosis. Glycoprotein molecules,
the team developed a smart surface with nanocavities that fit the particular target glycoprotein. To create the nanocavities,
the sugar part of the prostate cancer glycoprotein is reacted with a custom-designed molecule that contains a boron group at one end (the boron linkage forms a reversible bond to the sugar).
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