since the 1970s accompanied by a dramatic increase in metabolic diseases such as diabetes obesity fatty liver and cardiovascular disease.
In the human body the parasites multiply in the liver and then infect red blood cells. In the PNAS study the researchers examined epidemiological data on microscopically confirmed malaria cases from rural areas some dating back to 1997.
The veterinary fences--which had been built to keep wild buffalo from transferring diseases to cattle--were taken down in 2004.
Even a smaller partial shift from crop-intensive livestock such as feedlot beef to food animals such as chicken or pork could increase agricultural efficiency
Demand for crops is expected to double by 2050 as population grows and increasing affluence boosts meat consumption.
Meat takes a particularly big toll on food security because it takes up to 30 crop calories to produce a single calorie of meat.
In addition crops are increasingly being used for biofuels rather than food production. This study sought to quantify the benefit to food security that would accrue
Quantifying the impact of various strategies they found that a shift from crop-intensive beef to pork
and chicken could feed an additional 357 million people and a shift to nonmeat diets that include eggs
#Chanel, UCSBS corpse flower, blooms and causes a big stinkchanel UC Santa barbara's corpse flower has finally spread her odiferous wings broadcasting a stench that smells like a cross between rotting flesh and Limburger cheese.
which includes a large amount of fruits vegetables whole grains lean meat fish and low-fat dairy.
and others follow to form the familiar chicken-wire grid. Experiments in Tour's lab to see how graphene grows under high pressure
and honeybees (Nosema ceranae and deformed wing virus). After the screening tests the team conducted a series of carefully controlled laboratory experiments to find out
#Monitoring nutrient intake can help vegetarian athletes stay competitivea balanced plant-based diet provides the same quality of fuel for athletes as a meat-based diet provided vegetarians seek out other sources
Vegetarians should find non-meat sources of iron creatine zinc Vitamin b12 Vitamin d and calcium because the main sources of these typically are animal products
Maize is at the center of global food security as increasing demands for meat fuel uses
The heavier stable isotope of nitrogen-15 found in manure mimics the isotopic effect of a diet rich in meat and milk.
because meat and dairy are a small share of diets especially in developing countries. To conduct the study Valin
In her studies she found children like fat and sugar and somewhat surprisingly fruit is at the top of the list of food choices followed by starches meat and eggs dairy and vegetables.
These included fruit vegetables fish and meat as well as high-energy snack foods like chocolates nuts and chips and fruit drinks including fruit squash.
which is high in meat fat and sugar. The healthy dietary pattern was found to be associated with a decreased colorectal cancer risk
Larger expanses of habitat means that more chickens will live and nest there allowing for better odds that some nests will be successful.
#Whole chickens from farmers markets may have more pathogenic bacteriaraw whole chickens purchased from farmers markets throughout Pennsylvania contained significantly higher levels of bacteria that can cause foodborne illness compared to those purchased from grocery stores in the region
according to a small-scale study by researchers in Penn State's College of Agricultural Sciencesof 100 whole chickens purchased from farmers markets 90 percent tested positive for Campylobacter
By comparison during the same period 20 percent of raw whole organic chickens purchased from grocery stores were found to contain Campylobacter bacteria and 28 percent tested positive for Salmonella.
Just 8 percent of raw whole nonorganic conventionally processed chickens from the grocery stores tested positive for Campylobacter and 52 percent of those contained Salmonella.
Overall the chickens purchased at the farmers markets carried higher bacterial loads than the birds purchased at grocery stores.
The significantly higher bacteria levels in chickens sold at farmers markets prompted the researchers to look for a cause.
Potentially hazardous foods such as milk cheeses and raw meat and poultry also are popular at these venues.
The fact that the chickens from farmers markets had much higher levels of Campylobacter and Salmonella indicated that there's something else going on Cutter said.
and beef industry Liu said. In the past 60 years we paid more attention to milk or beef production as a sign of herd success but even as milk production goes up the animal's fertility goes down
which means it's time to pay more attention to male fertility now. The researchers identified 1274 genes in the male specific region of the bovine Y chromosome compared to the 31 to 78 genes associated in the Y chromosomes of various primates.
He points to Denmark the world's leading pork exporter which reduced antimicrobial use in livestock production by 60%while increasing pork production by half since 1994.
Based on a growing body of evidence almost every European and North american public health authority agrees that routine antibiotic use in animal food production likely worsens the epidemic of resistance he writes.
The chickens now are primarily found in the Great plains in Kansas--particularly the Smoky Hills
Grazing and fire management practices can affect how much nesting cover is available for chickens. A lot of what drives nest survival is the local conditions around the nest Sandercock said.
Scientists at the Biomedizinische NMR Forschungs Gmbh have managed now to film the natural embryonic development and hatching of a chicken in real time through MRI.
Crucial for us was to observe the natural dynamics of the chicken embryo Tammer emphasizes.
so people eat less meat and waste less food and regulatory changes to improve the efficiency and resilience of the food system.
Dr. Kim Stackhouse National Cattleman's Beef Association Director of Sustainability said animal agriculture has reduced emissions through the use of technologies.
and manure management and the installation of biogas recovery systems have contributed all to reducing the environmental impact of beef.
the chicken or the egg? The behavior of bees has been shaped over the course of evolution as adaptations to flower appearance.
A beautiful new species Stenoloba solaris from Chinascientist describe a new striking species of moth from China with an engaging wing pattern.
The new species Stenoloba solaris has inspired its name by the orange circular patch on its wings that resembles the rising sun. The study was published in the open access journal Zookeys.
However a new study conducted in an animal model at Wake Forest Baptist Medical center showed that fructose rapidly caused liver damage even without weight gain.
The researchers found that over the six-week study period liver damage more than doubled in the animals fed a high-fructose diet as compared to those in the control group.
what the liver damage. Was it because the animals got fat from eating too much or was it something else?
The high-fructose group's diet was made from flour butter pork fat eggs and fructose (the main ingredient in corn syrup) similar to
At the end of the study the researchers measured biomarkers of liver damage through blood samples and examined what type of bacteria was in the intestine through fecal samples and intestinal biopsies.
What surprised us the most was how quickly the liver was affected and how extensive the damage was especially without weight gain as a factor Kavanagh said.
but that they were migrating to the liver more rapidly and causing damage there. It appears that something about the high fructose levels was causing the intestines to be less protective than normal
but based on our study findings we can't say conclusively that fructose caused the liver damage Kavanagh said.
and damage the liver. The liver damage began even in the absence of weight gain.
This could have clinical implications because most doctors and scientists have thought that it was the fat in
The cocoa powder supplement also reduced the levels of liver triglycerides in mice by a little more than 32 percent according to Lambert who worked with Yeyi Gu graduate student in food science and Shan Yu a graduate student in physiology.
of grains grasses and meat and dairy from grazing animals. In four new studies of carbon isotopes in fossilized tooth enamel from scores of human ancestors and baboons in Africa from 4 million to 10000 years ago a team of two dozen researchers found a surprise
when human ancestors began getting much of their grass by eating grass-eating insects or meat from grazing animals.
Direct evidence of human ancestors scavenging meat doesn't appear until 2. 5 million years ago and definitive evidence of hunting dates to only about 500000 years ago.
and meat animals fed on C4 grasses and grains Cerling says. The highest human C3 diets today are found in Northern europe where only C3 cool-season grasses grow so meat animals there graze them not C4 tropical grasses.
The highest C4 diets likely are in Central america because of the heavily corn-based diet. If early humans ate grass-eating insects
or large grazing animals like zebras wildebeest and buffalo it also would appear they ate C4 grasses.
Small mammals such as hyrax rabbits and rodents would have added C3 and C4 signals to the teeth of human ancestors.
The rest of the group ate butter instead of rapeseed oil less berries and vegetables and had no rules on red meat or white bread intake.
Firmer fat means longer-lasting pork. But researchers from the University of Illinois found that including saturated fats in DDGS diets makes no difference in fat quality.
According to the researchers pork produced from pigs fed DDGS have reduced shelf life and increased susceptibility to oxidative damage.
Oxidative damage affects texture color juiciness and the overall flavor of pork products. Distillers dried grains contain unsaturated fatty acids
when producing pork products like bacon. According to Stein high levels of unsaturated fats make pork belly fat too soft to slice for bacon.
To counteract this problem producers have included saturated fats such as corn germ beef tallow palm kernel oil and glycerol in diets containing DDGS
Common weed allergens include ragweed lamb's quarter pigweed English plantain and mugwort. This year the pollen count is proving to be high in Nashville according to Valet.
David Bishop Dominic Hare and Philip Doble University of Technology Sydney Australia. The work was funded by the U s. Environmental protection agency U s. National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences U s. National Science Foundation Australian National Health and Medical Research Council Australian
Although the forests where the monkeys live are remote the species is hunted for bush meat
They are a lineage of scorpionflies characterized by their skinny bodies two pairs of narrow wings and long threadlike legs.
Of these 20 positive samples 10 were isolated from chickens 3 from pigeons and 7 were from environmental samples.
#Poultry drug increases levels of toxic arsenic in chicken meatchickens likely raised with arsenic-based drugs result in chicken meat that has higher levels of inorganic arsenic a known carcinogen according to a new study
versus other forms) in retail chicken meat and the first to compare those concentrations according to
The findings provide evidence that arsenical use in chickens poses public health risks and indicate that the Food
and known as roxarsone was readily available to poultry companies that wished to add it to their Feed in addition to inorganic arsenic the researchers were able to identify residual roxarsone in the meat they studied;
in the meat where roxarsone was detected levels of inorganic arsenic were four times higher than the levels in USDA Organic chicken (in
and improve the pigmentation of the meat. The drugs are approved also to treat and prevent parasites in poultry.
In 2010 industry representatives estimated that 88 percent of the roughly nine billion chickens raised for human consumption in the U s. received roxarsone.
although the agency did for a brief time in 2011 suggest that concentrations should be well below 1 microgram per kilogram of meat.
The levels of inorganic arsenic discovered in the meat where roxarsone was found were two and three times greater than that level.
when roxarsone was present in raw meat cooking decreased the levels of roxarsone and increased the levels of inorganic arsenic.
and the University at Buffalo will report its findings on May 12 in Nature. The study was directed by LANGEBIO Director and Professor Luis Herrera-Estrella and UB Professor of Biological sciences Victor Albert with contributions from scientists in the United states Mexico China Singapore Spain and Germany.
The study was supported by CONACYT (Mexico) Howard Hughes Medical Institute the University at Buffalo College of Arts and Sciences and the National Science Foundation.
The above story is provided based on materials by University at Buffalo. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.
Considered in total this study provides important early archaeological evidence for meat eating hunting and scavenging behaviors-cornerstone adaptations that likely facilitated brain expansion in human evolution movement of hominins out of Africa and into Eurasia as well as important shifts in our social behavior anatomy and physiology
According to researchers hominins at KJS met their new energy requirements through an increased reliance on meat eating.
#Coumarin in cinnamon and cinnamon-based products and risk of liver damagemany kinds of cinnamon cinnamon-flavored foods beverages and food supplements in the United states use a form of the spice that contains high levels of a natural
substance that may cause liver damage in some sensitive people scientists are reporting. Their study published in ACS'Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry found similar results as those published in the European union.
Ceylon cinnamon contains very little coumarin a naturally occurring substance that has been linked to liver damage in people sensitive to the substance.
Long-term exposure to arsenic has been associated with skin lung bladder liver kidney and prostate cancers and low levels can cause skin lesions diarrhea and other symptoms.
and without grapes (the control diet) on the heart liver kidneys and fat tissue in obesity-prone rats.
Specifically the results showed that three months of a grape-enriched diet significantly reduced inflammatory markers throughout the body but most significantly in the liver and in abdominal fat tissue.
Consuming grapes also reduced liver kidney and abdominal fat weight compared with those consuming the control diet.
Additionally grape intake increased markers of antioxidant defense particularly in the liver and kidneys. Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of conditions that occur together--increased blood pressure a high blood sugar level excess body fat around the waist
and this can have a major effect on the livelihoods of the rural poor who depend on the sale of chickens for a significant part of their disposable income.
a moderate consumption of wine dairy products and poultry and a low consumption of red meat sweet beverages creams and pastries.
They face several dangers including poaching for sport or sale of meat to exotic food markets in China.
The grains and beans were packed into a bag using rib fabric and these bags were cooked'using an autoclave (a machine that is suitable for pressure cooking) maintaining a temperature of 121°C for 15 minutes.
In terms of fabric the rib fabric which was used to make the bag is able to retain
which led to it becoming easy prey for hunters particularly with the arrival of European colonists in the area who would hunt Huemul for meat to feed their dogs.
because the dry nature of the product stops microbial growth Most people expect to find Salmonella on raw meats
Although recipes vary Yak-a-mein typically is made with a salty beef-and-soy-sauce-based broth;
protein from beef chicken or shrimp; onions or chopped scallions; and sliced hard-boiled egg. Vendors often sell the soup from sidewalk carts during New orleans festivals
And people in China are now consuming almost 3 times as much meat compared to a few decades ago.
Audiences influence future status of quails following fights between rivalsfor animals prevailing in a fight affects their likelihood of winning future conflicts.
whether the presence of an audience influences the behaviour and the testosterone changes of Japanese quails (Coturnix japonica) after a fight.
They kept quails in social groups each consisting of two males (one dominant and one subordinate) and three females.
The scientists observed fights between two dominant male quails in a central arena. The members of the respective social group either were allowed to watch the fight or not.
whether the quails had won or lost. After a fight in front of an audience though the losers had lower testosterone levels.
The winners on the other hand showed a similar increase to quails that had fought without an audience. In order to determine whether a change in status after losing a fight in front of an audience could be prevented physiologically the scientists treated the losers immediately after the fight with a testosterone cream on the skin.
#Trade emerging as a key driver of Brazilian deforestationa new study published online April 4th in the journal Environmental Research Letters finds that trade and global consumption of Brazilian beef
i e. cultivation of soybeans and grazing of cattle the study allocates the emissions to countries based on domestic consumption and international trade of Brazilian soybeans and beef.
on average over the two decades 85%of the emissions embodied in Brazilian beef products and 50%of those in Brazilian soybean products have been driven by Brazilian consumption.
Russia has increased recently its share from very low levels to becoming the world's largest importer of emissions embodied in Brazilian beef in 2010 with 15%of total exported beef.
and beef than the European market said co-author Glen Peters of CICERO. Consumption of Brazilian soybeans and beef by countries who are already seeking to protect Brazilian forests (e g. via REDD) is driving demand
and therefore indirectly increasing the deforestation they are seeking to prevent. Countries are putting more and more pressure on the Brazilian Amazon by consuming agricultural products
when found in the environment but acquires one from the cells that it grows in within the liver.
being enveloped in host membranes helps the virus to evade host immune systems and spread within the liver.
or pork fat quality was published in the Journal of Animal Science and was authored co with Jung Wook Lee a Master's student in the Stein Monogastric Nutrition Laboratory at Illinois
Liquid smoke produced from the distilled condensation of natural smoke is used often to add smoky flavor to sausages other meats and vegan meat substitutes.
Their diet should include cereals fruit vegetables dairy products lean meats fish poultry eggs and nuts.
and began supplying beef to the rest of the country. Since then the fortunes of the Longhorns have waxed
That's when Americans began developing their taste for fatty beef so then the other cattle became valuable in that respect as well.
and grass-fed beef which is seen as healthier by many consumers. And their genes may prove valuable to ranchers who can use the increasingly sophisticated genetic information to selectively breed the Longhorns'toughness into other breeds of cattle.
But Boal said part of that equation is a landscape where the chickens have a lot of habitat.
or other human activity the chickens just won't said use Boal. Because we've pieced up the habitat so much
Comparing with chicken and zebra finch researchers found the transposable element composition of falcons was most similar to that of zebra finch.
Large segmental duplications in falcons are less frequent than that in chicken and zebra finch and comprise less than 1%of both falcon genomes.
They also found that a gene expansion in the olfactory receptor Î-c clade in chicken
The survey revealed that more than 80%of people in these areas use wetland resources including collecting water catching fish hunting bush meat (Sitatunga a type of antelope
Rising minimum temperatures may be the best way to predict how climate change will affect an ecosystem said Robert Warren assistant professor of biology at SUNY Buffalo State.
The above story is provided based on materials by SUNY Buffalo State. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.
She points out that meat poultry and seafood are the most expensive items in a food budget especially the recommended lower-fat versions.
However by changing the focus to the elimination of foods not needed to improve health--such as meat snacks desserts
and researchers observed significant decreases in purchases of meat carbonated beverages desserts and snacks even though staff never instructed participants not to purchase these items.
#Strong anticancer properties discovered in soybeansproteins found in soybeans could inhibit the growth of colon liver and lung cancers.
The study showed that peptides derived from soybean meal significantly inhibited cell growth by 73%for colon cancer 70%for liver cancer
#Hunting for meat impacts on rainforest, fruit tree seed dispersalhunting for meat in the African rainforests has halved the number of primates.
The meat forms a cheap and accessible source of protein for poor people as well as a source of income
if the carcasses can be sold in the towns where people are prepared to pay high prices for ape meat.
and believe that chickens provide an excellent model. Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by Cell Press.
Research from North carolina State university shows that the invasive spotted-wing vinegar fly (Drosophila suzukii) also prefers sweet soft fruit--giving us new insight into a species that has spread across the United states over the past four years
and meat products including bacon. Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by University of Illinois College of Agricultural Consumer and Environmental sciences.
It is of course feasible for people to diversity their diets to increase the consumption of other selenium-rich foods such as meat poultry fish
Though no studies indicate a food safety risk from genetically modified Enviropig pork meat from the Enviropig is not yet available for human consumption.
#Problems with identifying meat? The answer is to check the barcodewant to know what you are eating?
Results from the study show that the labelling of game meat in South africa is very poor with different species being substituted almost 80%of the time.
In South africa game meat biltong (air dried strips) is big business with over 10000 wildlife farms
This meat is considered to be'healthier'than beef because it is lower in fat and cholesterol and perceived to be lower in additives.
and cytb sequencing researchers analysed samples of game meat from supermarkets wholesalers and other outlets and compared them to known samples and library sequences.
All the beef samples were correct but for the most badly labelled case 92%of kudu was a different species. Only 24%of springbok
and ostrich biltong was actually springbok or ostrich. The rest was horse impala hartebeest wildebeest waterbok eland gemsbok duiker giraffe kangaroo lamb pork or beef.
Worryingly one sample labelled zebra was actually mountain zebra a'red listed'species threatened with extinction.
In one project ARS microbiologist Lisa Durso used fecal samples from six beef cattle to identify a core set of bovine gastrointestinal bacterial groups common to both beef
A leafy plant related to a common weed known as lamb's quarter was infected also with a virus that caused a local infection.
Thomas C. Baker Distinguished Professor of Entomology at Penn State knew that the male EAB locates a mate by flying over an ash tree finding a female by identifying her green wings
Baker then learned that Lakhtakia was able to replicate certain biological materials such as fly eyes and butterfly wings.
The researchers were able to create a color similar to the emerald ash borer's green wings by layering different types of polymer.
Red meat and poultry provide the majority of zinc in the American diet according to the National institutes of health.
#Omega-3-rich ground beef available soonthanks to Kansas State university research part of a healthy diet can include a hamburger rich with omega-3 fatty acids.
Jim Drouillard professor of animal sciences and industry developed a technique that enriches ground beef with omega-3 fatty acids--fatty acids that have been shown to reduce heart disease cholesterol and high blood pressure.
The enriched ground beef is named Greato Premium Ground beef and is being sold through Manhattan Kan. -based company NBO3 Technologies LLC.
It will be available Mid-february at select retailers in Buffalo N y . and expand to leading retailers and restaurants nationwide later this year.
A quarter-pound hamburger made of the enriched ground beef has 200 milligrams of omega-3s and tastes the same as regular ground beef Drouillard said.
This makes the ground beef an alternative for people who want to add or increase their omega-3 fatty acids intake
but do not want fish or supplements to do so. As a society Americans'consumption of fish especially fish that contributes to these omega-3 fats is quite low compared to other proteins Drouillard said.
The technology to enrich ground beef with omega-3s is a spinoff of flaxseed research Drouillard began in 1998.
This causes ground beef to have low levels of omega-3s. Christian Alvarado Gilis a doctoral candidate in animal sciences and industry is researching how to improve omega-3 levels in cattle diets to further enhance the fat profile of beef.
Gilis is from Chile. According to Drouillard substituting omega-3 fatty acids for saturated fats does not change the ground beef's flavor.
Knowing that there are a lot of desirable flavor characteristics associated with the fat in beef we performed tons of sensory panel tests with Kansas State university's meat science faculty
and with the department of human nutrition throughout the years to ensure that the flavor is compromised not Drouillard said.
We found that our panelists were never able to detect appreciable differences in the flavor profiles of the omega-3 rich beef
and non-omega-3 beef even though the fats are quite different. The owners of NBO3 Technologies LLC have worked closely with Drouillard in developing the concept
and after more than a decade of research on improving the enrichment process have started to distribute omega-3 enriched ground beef to retailers and food vendors.
The ground beef is part of the company's line of omega-3 enriched foods which includes pork chicken cheese milk butter and ice cream.
It will be the first ground beef to carry the U s. Food and Drug Administration's seal of approval for containing omega-3 fatty acids.
Todd Hansen CEO of NBO3 Technologies LLC said consumer response has been positive in test markets.
We have to leap two hurdles with Greato Premium Ground beef which are that the omega-3 fatty acids are really in the beef
and that it doesn't change the flavor Hansen said. Based on our consumer response we've cleared those hurdles.
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