Leaf

Bark (130)
Leaf (556)
Plant organ (201)
Plant part (47)
Plant tissue (140)
Reproductive structure (1424)
Root (513)
Spore (127)
Sprout (2)
Stalk (1210)

Synopsis: Plants: Plant parts: Leaf:

trying to change its leaf anatomy to that of a C4 plant, which have packed closely veins of two cell types;

So geneticists are painstakingly comparing the genetic code of the two leaf types to find out what makes a C4 leaf a C4 leaf.

and their leaf litter feeds the acidic soils that nurture networks of microorganisms, such as nitrogen-fixing bacteria,

a mildly narcotic leaf that is chewed daily (and is blamed partly for a host of other problems,

which pulls carbon dioxide out of the air and stores it as a bicarbonate (baking soda) on the leaf.

a giant red maple leaf is lowered from the top floor window of a museum in downtown Eastport at 11 p m. local time to ring in the Canadian New Year.

while they attached each individual leaf to her body. Ted Sabarese likes working with nonprofessional models

while another was spotted inside its leaf retreat. The caterpillars also have a few other tricks to keep them safe.

The caterpillars live in folded leaf shelters and eat the leaves of the sassafras or spicebush.

Perhaps all this greenery led to evenings of fabulous lovemaking, or perhaps it only made the bride wonder

Leaves of Certain Plants Are Susceptible to Leaf Burn from Too much Sun Ginkgo leaves in sunshine To the gardening world it may have always been considered a fact,

and a leaf affects the light environment on a leaf blade. The aim was to clarify the environmental conditions under

which sunlit water drops can cause leaf burn. These experiments found that water droplets on a smooth surface

such as maple or ginkgo leaves, cannot cause leaf burn. However in contrast the team found that floating fern leaves,

are susceptible to leaf burn. This is because the hairs can hold the water droplets in focus above the leafs surface,

acting as a magnifying glass. The latter not only partly confirms the widely held belief of gardeners, but also opens an analogous issue of sunburn on hairy human skin after bathing. oein sunshine water drops residing on smooth hairless plant leaves are unlikely to damage the leaf tissue,

summarised Horvath and co-authors. oehowever water drops held by plant hairs can indeed cause sunburn

Scientists have developed the first mobile app to identify plants by simply photographing a leaf. The free iphone and ipad app, called Leafsnap, instantly searches a growing library of leaf images amassed by the Smithsonian Institution.

In seconds, it returns a likely species name, high-resolution photographs and information on the trees flowers, fruit, seeds and bark.

Pale golden musk, honeycomb, amber, parma violet, hawthorne bark, aspen leaf, forest lily, life everlasting, white moss,

if you eat the leaf, but it contains oxalic acid salts that can cause kidney problems, coma and convulsions.

Ultimately, Pepsi plans to also use orange peels, oat hulls, potato scraps and other leftovers from its food business.

A tomato leaf spray will get rid of aphids, and garlic/hot pepper spray works very well on a flea beetle infestation. 7. Beets Beets are a great two-fer#crop#you can harvest the beet roots, of course,

and less flavorful. 8. Leaf Amaranth Leaf amaranth is a less-common vegetable that is well worth a try in your own garden.

As a bonus, leaf amaranth is one of the few heat-tolerant greens. It wont bolt in the heat of summer the way spinach

leaf amaranth is very high in calcium, iron, magnesium, phosphorous, potassium, riboflavin, zinc, and Vitamins A, B6,

How to Grow Leaf Amaranth Growing Leaf Amaranth in Containers: Scatter the tiny seeds over the soils surface in a pot that is at least 8 inches deep.

Leaf amaranth is fairly easy to grow, and relatively problem-free. Rarely, leaf miners can become a problem. 9. Carrots Carrots are at their sweetest,

In June, Interpol established a pilot program called Law enforcement Assistance for Forests (LEAF. It will attempt to coordinate the efforts of police and intelligence agencies to fight illegal timber internationally.

why not plant our greenery upwards, rather than outwards? It is certainly becoming increasingly popular with schemes in Chicago and Suwon, South korea.

Those hulls deserve more respect, #explains Joe Vinson, one of the researchers. They are nutritional gold nuggets.#

#Scientists working on building a better leaf Scientists are analyzing the molecular pathways that plants use for photosynthesis. For decades,

Creating an artificial leaf Jones research meshes with Cogdell s efforts to adapt the chemistry of photosynthesis ujsing synthetic biology.

and Biological sciences Research Council, is aimed at developing an artificial leaf that produces a dense, portable fuel you could put in your car.

and will keep your spaces twinkling with greenery. The vertical garden is a great way to stay connected with nature even in the hustle-bustle of city life...

and leaf design wasn t a goal but came naturally as they tried to maximize the shaded surface that the structures provide.

But these petals smell so much like rotting flesh that the plant is known as the "

re naked they attempt to hide their shame with fig leafs.</</p><p>No fruit was mentioned specifically in the Bible so this is a claim religious and historical scholars are not likely to challenge.</

Put a mint leaf sliver of kiwi or cucumber slice into your H20.</</p><p>These refreshing twists on water may jazz up its taste be a flavorful stand-in for sugary soft drinks

The upper portion of the train on the other hand may help peahens spot peacocks across large distances or over dense foliage.

In addition they found more than a 50 percent increase in how much woody greenery such as coniferous trees would populate the Arctic.

This oil combined with leaf litter and peeling bark during periods of dry windy weather can turn a small ground fire into a terrifying explosive firestorm in a matter of minutes.

The Rich Colors of Fall Foliage These autumn colors could be some of the casualties of global warming say scientists.

Fall's cool nights and sunny days also help to trigger trees like the sugar maple to store their anthocyanins temporarily in their leaves giving leaf peepers a show of red.

In fact these instruments may measure the individual tree heights leaf area and leaf chemistry of 15 million trees in a single flyover.

One of the potentially new katydids seems to mimic a dead leaf with its curved torso and brown coloration.

That means they don't know how each leaf looks notice changes in the height of plants

The lotus leaf on the other hand maintains its squeaky clean reputation with a waxy surface structure that repels water a property called superhydrophobicity.

and butterfly wings combine the low drag of shark skin with the superhydrophobicity of the lotus leaf putting these surfaces at the top of the list of nature-made self-cleaners.

We are investigating methods to fabricate rice leaf and butterfly wing-inspired films for applications requiring low drag self-cleaning

Bushan's study on rice leaves and butterfly wings was titled Bioinspired rice leaf and butterfly wing surface structures combining shark skin

so in the fall the Santa ana wind-driven fires coincide with leaf drop. It's a perfect storm.

and fallen debris such as leaf litter thus leaving room for sequoia seedlings to sprout and grow.

NASA scientists are using an instrument on the Terra satellite to detect these signs of damage which include slight alterations in the amount and condition of foliage present.

and cedars in southern Europe Central asia and North africa devouring the foliage of these trees. These social caterpillars spin large communal white silk nests

But bees often need to land on vertical surfaces such as flower petals in order to obtain pollen or nectar.

Those tortoises kept Madagascar's unique ecosystem in check by munching on low-lying foliage trampling vegetation and dispersing large seeds from native trees like the baobab.

and leaf litter biomass builds up on the forest floor and frequently causes wildfires. In addition many of Madagascar's plants have evolved defenses against large herbivores such as spines

They could also identify a lettuce or a strawberry from a leaf or from the fruit.

While an individual leaf may see less light the forest on average as an ecosystem sees quite a bit Reinhardt said.

We had expected the forest canopy to bounce back after a year with a new flush of leaf growth

but Still Plenty of Leaf Peeping Spots Leaf-peeping season is in full swing but the federal government shutdown has shuttered the country's national parks closing off some of the prime areas for checking out autumn's riotous colors.

Plenty of state parks around the country whose foliage is sight to behold are open for visitors.

Let's start in the part of the country perhaps most synonymous with fall foliage: New england. This region is awash in fall colors at this time of year the hues are even clear from space!

Leaf Peeper Paradise: Autumn's Best Colors The area is currently at 80 percent of its peak fall color according to New hampshire's tourism website with the best bets for amazing views in upland areas where sugar maples are a riot of yellow and orange.

and sun-bleached terrain but about 70 miles (about 110 kilometers) west of San antonio sits a leaf-peeping paradise:

http://oregonlakesandrivers. com/content/leaf-peeping-king-castle-trail) For more prime leaf peeping spots check out the websites of state parks in your region i

and then they created synthetic leaf traps or biomimetic plastic surfaces. Traditionally in Bulgaria Serbia and other southeast European countries households with infestations of bed bugs have thwarted the evasive little bloodsuckers by strewing kidney bean leaves on the floor at night.

Entomologist Catherine Loudon and her colleagues at University of California Irvine with fellow researchers at the University of Kentucky used videography and scanning electron microscopy to investigate the possibility of creating synthetic leaf traps as a sustainable and nontoxic

When you put a bed bug on a bean leaf and it takes a few steps and this actually happens fairly rapidly I was astonished rather...

The leaf acts like a little tiny miniature fish hook she said. The scientists then fabricated surfaces out of plastic that are similar to the leaf surfaces geometrically indistinguishable Loudon said.

Unfortunately these biomimetic surfaces don't do the trick quite yet--they snag the bugs but don't trap them.

As yet we have not been able to replicate all of the necessary mechanical properties of the microscopic bean leaf trichomes in our synthetic surfaces Loudon said.

The fossil has a dark fruit enclosed by a ribbed calyx (a papery husk) just like modern Physalis Wilf said.

With the Rim Fire nearly out and major roads reopened visitors were finally returning to Yosemite for camping and the park's fall foliage display.

me Pick any number inside Pascal s triangle and look at the six numbers around it (that form alternating petals in the flowers drawn above).

If you multiply the numbers in every second petal you ll end up with the same answer no matter which of the petals you start from.

#Tracking Leaf-Out: A Good Cause Takes Root: Op-Ed Jake Weltzin is an ecologist with the U s. Geological Surveyand executive director of the USA National Phenology Network.

Changes in the timing of leaf-out that important indicator of spring to so many of us including farmers

When warmer temperatures occur earlier in the year trees may leaf out and blossom earlier

but also color change and leaf drop in the autumn across the entire country For the next five years we re particularly interested in tracking maples oaks

You can contribute phenology data to Nature s Notebook an online program the USA National Phenology Network manages that collects observations of leaf phenology from professional and amateur naturalists.

It had never been shown that the circadian rhythm of the leaf affected the whole tree said study researcher Rubã n DÃ az Sierra a physicist at the National University of Distance Education in Spain.

and shapes mimicking those from nature like shells and foliage. There will be natural materials plenty of light and open spaces.

A forest mystery Fossilized wood and leaf impressions record a history of the Antarctic forests.

The leaf impressions appear to show mats of leaves as if the trees had shed all at once a sign of a deciduous forest.

The scientists hope that identifying similar fossil tree-leaf sites will help the massive milldam restoration projects underway throughout the Northeast.

& Marshall College scientists discovered the fossil leaf site. Email Becky Oskinâ or follow her@beckyoskin. Follow us@livescience Facebookâ & Google+.

Accounts of that day which became known as New england's Dark Day include mentions of midday meals by candlelight night birds coming out to sing flowers folding their petals and strange behavior from animals.

Climate change could dampen fall foliage by delaying the season bleaching out red tones and ushering in invasive species Neufeld told Livescience.

With 25 states across the country from the Midwest to New england to the Piedmont claiming significant autumn tourism seasons Neufeld estimates leaf peepers generate about $25 billion a year.

The Rich Colors of Fall Foliage And the shrinking of a seasonal tradition could stand as another climate warning a (dull-colored) canary in the coal mine Neufeld said.

and temperature when moving toward leaf senescence the process that produces fall color. Warmer fall days will make trees delay this process Neufeld said.

however a later fall start might not do much harm to the leaf-peeping season as global warming could also delay the frost

For one thing climate change will likely alter the suitable habitat for many of the trees that bring fall color particularly New england's prized sugar maples one of the most important contributors to fall foliage O'Keefe said.

A warming planet could have a host of other effects on fall foliage too he said.

In the meantime leaf-peeping season looks strong for 2013. We're hearing that advance bookings are looking very positive Ouellette said.

and xate (an ornamental palm frond) benefiting close to 5000 local people. The threat of deforestation looms Such communities in Guatemala deserve credit for pursuing sustainable forestry

First agricultural waste like cornhusks and cottonseed hulls are ground up and mixed with mycelium the root systems of mushrooms.

As a result nymphs congregate in leaf piles in shady humid environments so sticking to sunny areas can reduce tick exposure he said. 4. Change the landscape Most ticks around homes stay within a few yards of the interface between the yard

People should also remove tick habitat such as leaf piles shrubs and groundcover near the house.

It has compound leaves meaning a single leaf stalk contains a number of smaller leaflets. The honey locust leaflets are quite small about 0. 3 to 1. 5 inches long and 0. 2 to 0. 5 inches wide.

The tree can have 15 to 30 of these leaflets per stalk according to Utah State university.

In the fall these leaves turn from green to golden yellow. When this tree is covered in these tiny yellow leaves you can guess how it got its common name.

Fall Foliage: Why Leaves Change Color Baldcypress In the summer the baldcypress (Taxodium distichum) looks like an evergreen tree#that is it has green needlelike leaves

because their lifespan can be hundreds of times longer than the average leaf-eater which is usually a small insect.

In addition to providing a food source greenery offers the added benefits of converting carbon dioxide exhaled by settlers into oxygen essential for maintaining a long-term bio-regenerative life support system.

See Photos of the Stunning Cave Art from Indonesia Sulawesi caves The paintings were found in the karst caves of Sulawesi an island just east of Borneo with four long peninsulas that radiate like flower petals.

and the identification of fossilized leaf fragments we know that their habitat at the Tar pits was at a much lower elevation during the Ice age said Anna Holden an entomologist at the Natural history Museum of Los angeles County (NHM)

To reproduce females build small cylindrical nest cells made of carefully chosen leaves and sometimes flower petals.

which is glued together with saliva and leaf sap; at the other end of the cell is made a cap of layered circular discs.

and their vegetative components such as the lack of flower petals and the type of leaves included further constrained the species list.

Leaf matter used to construct the nest cells likely came from trees not far from the nest site suggesting the La Brea Tar pits had a nearby forest possibly containing streams or a river.

The idea is to reduce the intensity of subsequent fires at the same place by removing fine surface fuels such as leaf litter.

For example with extreme heat and winds eucalypt crowns can catch on fire regardless of the amount of leaf litter and surface fuel.

The unusual wetness in a typically arid region would have lead to carpets of greenery perfect food for the half dozen

and sits down to get dirty idle in leaf piles and generally lead the way a little more often.

and leaf mass by 1300 lbs. about 600 kilograms) in one year the researchers report.

They found that the invasion actually increased the amount of leaf material contributed to the soil

That is where I had marked a spot for some moist leaf litter. I crouched and dug around in the litter to find an inch-long creature chestnut-brown with pink highlights curled up on top of the dirt.

The researchers analyzed leaf mass per area which indicates how much carbon a plant invests in growing a leaf.

whether the leaf was a chunky expensive one to make for the plant or whether it was a more flimsy cheap one Blonder said.

The scientists also looked at leaf vein density a measure of how fast a plant takes up carbon.

and foliage into a basketweave creating a thick springy mattress that sinks in the middle. Scientists have known that chimpanzees build these sleeping platforms

and leaf surface area and that they select species that provide the widest range of advantages including predator avoidance postural stability thermoregulation

Also known as coffee leaf rust or Hemileia vastatrix the fungus spreads easily through the air on spores.

which aims to improve various aspects of photosynthesis such as leaf structure and enzyme characteristics in order to boost yield.

Finally Australia provides a home for the last new creature on the list the leaf-tailed gecko (Saltuarius eximius.

New research conducted from the top of a 131-foot-tall (40 meters) crane suggests the secret is in their leaf plumbing.

In modern tropical forests sun-loving trees grab the most energy with tightly packed leaf veins

This leaf vein density is a hallmark of photosynthesis or how fast a leaf can transport water

and take in carbon dioxide. The scientists also looked at leaf litter the detritus that falls to the forest floor.

This was particularly important because a litter assemblage is the closest analog to a fossil flora the leaves that have fallen from the trees accumulated on the ground

The modern leaf grouping was most similar to fossils from forests that grew 58 million years ago Crifã reports in the September 2014 issue of the journal Geology.

To find out what was happening or more accurately what wasn't happening the research team collected hundreds of samples of leaf litter from forest floors that were contaminated not by radiation

Samples of leaf litter that were placed in highly contaminated areas showed 40 percent less decomposition than samples that were placed in uncontaminated sites.

and other researchers are concerned that the buildup of leaf litter on the forest floor presents a real danger.

when a 600-year-old canoe with a turtle carved on its hull emerged from a sand dune after a harsh storm.

The hull measured about 20 feet (6. 08 meters) long and it was made from matai

Johns and colleagues say it's likely that the hull once had a twin and together these vessels formed a double canoe (though the researchers haven't ruled out the possibility that the find could have been a single canoe with an outrigger).

NASA's Terra satellite went leaf peeping last week from its perch about 438 miles (705 kilometers) above the planet.

Fall Foliage Seen from Space As the Earth Observatory notes the brown and orange hues are currently most prominent in Michigan's Upper Peninsula northern Wisconsin upstate New york New hampshire Vermont Maine and southern

Meanwhile fiery reds and deep purple leaf colors come from anthocyanins which are produced exclusively in the fall in response to stress.

Climate change might affect the way leaf-peeping season shakes out in the future. Simulations featured in the Climate Change Tree Atlas show how some populations of fall favorites might shift.

Climate change might also postpone the onset of leaf-color changes and leave fall hues lingering later into the year.

After self-pollination the flowers lose their petals as the fertilized ovaries in the center of the flowers begin to enlarge.

he says that the leaf-albedo idea is probably much easier to implement. Agriculture is already a globally coordinated undertaking

And experiments have shown that spraying kaolin on leaf canopies to increase their albedo does not reduce the yield.

Switzerland, looked at changing the albedo of Earth's grasslands by encouraging plants with particular leaf geometries3.

Both genes fend of a wide range of'rust'fungi, including several types of stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis) and leaf rust (P. triticina.

One such gene, called Lr34, has been fending off leaf and stripe rusts in some agricultural wheat for the past century.

In one study, infected wheat carrying only Lr34 had stripe rust covering 60%of its uppermost leaf

90%of the leaf was covered in rust. But in plants with both genes, only 5%of the leaf bore the fungus.

Dubcovsky has bred already lines that carry both genes and has begun to distribute them to farmers.

Most of the radioactive particles are in the soil rather than in the flammable leaf litter and trees,

A recent analysis in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences4 builds on this by suggesting that drought conditions could spur leaf loss and new leaf budding while simultaneously leading to a rise in tree deaths.

and autumn events, such as changes in leaf colour, about 3 days earlier2. But then my Phd student Haiying Yu looked at more recent data

200 volunteers (all HSBC employees) to measure tree growth, study the decomposition of leaf litter on the forest floor

) Just 8. 5-9. 0 millimetres long from snout to vent about a millimetre shorter than other tiny frog species the amphibian was found living in leaf litter

while alive and not really do much damage until the leaf senesces. Leonard found E. rostratum on corn, sorghum and Johnsongrass fairly often,

Most often the fungus shows up on grasses and other monocots plants often distinguished by flower parts in threes and parallel leaf venation such as pineapples, bananas and sugarcane,

The fungus can grow from a single spore to a lawn of freshly spore-crowned fungal filaments on a piece of dried leaf in two days flat faster and more abundantly than any other related species he studied.

or dead leaf tissue once conditions are right, Leonard says. So that would be another reason E. rostratum would be a likely candidate for showing up in a messy lab

as if programmed, the ant plunges its mandibles into the juicy main vein of a leaf and soon dies.

Eventually, an affected ant will stop on the underside of one leaf, roughly 25 centimeters from the forest floor,

and clamp down on the leaf's main vein. This position appears to be optimal for the fungus's later stage in

when the infected ant bites onto the leaf vein in it's so-called death grip this atrophy causes it to have lockjaw,

Research published in Biology Letters in 2010 describes a 48-million-year-old fossilized leaf from Germany that bears the distinctive scars of a bite from an ant's mandible on its main vein.

Maurice Leponce, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciencesa"blushing phantom butterfly, Cithaerias pireta, rests briefly on a palm leaf in San Lorenzo forest.

"Scientists need to continuously develop resistant varieties in order to keep coffee leaf rust disease at bay, Phiri says."

This economy was noted in the fourth century ad by the mathematician Pappus of Alexandria, who contended that the bees had"a certain geometrical forethought.

The project will start with the laser data collected by planes flying out of Kinshasa (see Leaf by leaf.

The plant s reproductive structures are encased in tepals a hybrid between petals and leaflike support structures called sepals.

Amborella is the only species in its genus, family and order.""Phylogenetically, it s really the equivalent of the duck-billed platypus and monotremes, says Claude depamphilis, a plant evolutionary biologist at Pennsylvania State university in University Park, who co-led researchers on the Amborella Genome Project.

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