Plant tissue

Bark (130)
Leaf (556)
Plant organ (201)
Plant part (47)
Plant tissue (140)
Reproductive structure (1424)
Root (513)
Spore (127)
Sprout (2)
Stalk (1210)

Synopsis: Plants: Plant parts: Plant tissue:

Consumers are urged not to buy timber products made from tiger-inhabited forests, such as Asia Pulp & Paper brands accused by the WWF and Greenpeace of rainforest destruction in Sumatra.

or pulp from whole cranberries makes for one invigorating hair mask that, in her words, will add oesilkiness, softness and luster to your locks.

While digitizing much of our once-printed media saves on tree pulp, it doesnt necessarily save trees.

which phosphorous is stored in plant tissue. Because phytate is absorbed not by the animals that eat the feed,

#Scientists discovered the â Missing Linkâ#of beer brewing Beech galls in Patagonia inhabited by Saccharomyces eubayanus,

Ladies and gents, take a good look at the orange-colored galls on the beech tree to your left:

Darwin, one of the great plant researchers, proposed what has become known as the root-brain#hypothesis. Darwin proposed that the tip of the root, the part that we call the meristem,

Genesis 11:1-9 NIV) In 2011 an ancient stele with an image of Nebuchadnezzar II was published formally.

The artifact has been given the name oethe Tower of babel Stele. Hanging Gardens Scholars do not know where the Hanging Gardens were in Babylon

but the theory is that xylem tubes (which carry water from the ground through the tree) are damaged by the fire

The litter is ground to a pulp in their gizzard broken down and digested by their gut bacteria

The team also measured how easily air bubbles form in the xylem the water-transporting vascular system of trees.

To replace this moisture roots suck water from the ground sending it skyward through a series of tubes called the xylem.

The drier the soil the more tension builds up in the xylem until pop an air bubble is pulled in through the membrane.

And the fizzy bubble bursts in xylem are ultrasonic about 300 kilohertz detectable only by insects and some other animals.

and was inscribed on buildings stele artifacts and books (only a few examples of Maya books survive today).

Tension in the xylem tubes increases in times of drought then cavitates. Douglas firs and pine trees can repair this damage as frequently as every hour said Katherine Mcculloh a plant ecophysiologist at Oregon State university in a past Our Amazing Planet interview.

when cleared for cattle oil palm soy or pulp production. And this pressure is only increasing with population growth and global demand for agricultural commodities.

However its microscopic tree cells called tracheids internal highways that transfer water and nutrients show signs of fire stress in a manner similar to tree rings.

Six to eight rows of tiny tracheids suggest suppressed growth immediately after the fire the researchers report.

The next rows are bigger than prefire tracheids likely because the forest fire's survivors had less competition for water

Eventually the acid and bacteria in plaque can eat through the other layers of your teeth as well from the softer layer of teeth under the enamel known as dentin to the third layer (the pulp)

Cavities affecting the pulp of a tooth as well as the bone supporting the tooth can cause severe toothaches sensitivity pain when eating and abscesses in the mouth.

It will also allow consumers to make informed decisions on the products they buy as the map can show where a pulp

Plant stem cells are found in meristems small groups of cells that stay perpetually embryonic Gilroy said.

Animals by contrast lack meristems and stem cells are much harder to come by as shown by the difficulties faced by cloning efforts Rayburn said.

While orange peels are edible they are not nearly as sweet or juicy as the pulp.

Jay Reichman, an authority on transgenic testing with the US Environmental protection agency in Corvallis, Oregon, says that overall the combined evidence suggests that at least two transgenes were present within the plant tissues in question.

mainly plant tissues such as lignin, were buried both on land and at sea. Without the burial of organic matter, any excess oxygen created by photosynthesis is used up as it degrades.

(Rangifer tarandus caribou) without diminishing lumber and pulp production. The companies that hold the rights to log roughly one-quarter of Canada's boreal forest have agreed to discuss giving them up in some unspecified areas;

It's just a really common fungus in the environment that mostly lives on dead and dying plant tissue,

A case in point is the whitefly Bemisia tabaci, an insect that feeds on plant vascular tissue called phloem.

Much of the wood used to make the pulp that's turned into paper is actually byproducts of wood used to make other items--a cobbled-together mush of regular wood woodchips sawdust and other wood detritus.

Would you like that 3-D printed tree to be made of say the pulp of one tree and some cellulose from a few more?

Trees draw ground water up through specialized tubes called xylem relying on intermolecular forces between water molecules

and themselves and water molecules and the sides of the tubes to create a single column of unbroken water in each xylem tube.

To ensure that these air bubbles were the culprits behind the acoustic signature of drought-parched trees the researchers mocked up a tree in the lab. They placed a thin piece of pine wood complete with its xylem intact into a capsule filled with a gel.

As the researchers evaporated the water out of the gel--a test drought--they simultaneously recorded video and sound of the cavitation in the xylem.

It infects the roots of banana plants moves upward through the xylem and clogs the flow of sap causing leaves to wilt and the plant to rot.

and eat their way through the phloem layer of the tree the vascular system that delivers water and nutrients from root to branch.

and pulp industries and in an emerging biofuel industry that could be based on hybrid poplar plantations.

So let's make a product out of it building on the existing infrastructure of the pulp and paper industry.

And someone with a fruit allergy may be allergic to the seeds but not the pulp.

#Key genes for increasing oil content in plant leaves identifiedscientists at the U s. Department of energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory have identified the key genes required for oil production and accumulation in plant leaves and other vegetative plant tissues.

The first step was to identify the genes responsible for oil production in vegetative plant tissues. Though oil isn't stored in these tissues almost all plant cells have the capacity to make oil.

and breeding in the phloem a soft inner bark tissue which impedes tree growth and eventually kills vast swaths of forest.

and nitrogen in plant tissues and soils compared with systems dominated by native plants. Since changes in the soil nitrogen cycle are driven by microbes could bacteria associated with invasive species not only be observed responsible for the changes in soil nutrient concentrations

These disease-causing bacteria reside in the tree's phloem--the vascular tissue that carries vital nutrients throughout the tree.

Their analysis confirmed that in infected trees HLB disease caused starch to accumulate in the leaves blocking nutrient transport through the phloem

and flowers depends upon the activity of meristems. These reservoir-like compartments hold stem cells

and reach the pear pulp. The penetration of silver nanoparticles is dangerous to consumers because they have the ability to relocate in the human body after digestion Lin said.

and plant tissues killed and collected on known dates from 1905 to 2008. The samples included elephant tusks and molars hippo tusks and canine teeth oryx horn hair from monkeys and elephant tails and some grasses collected in Kenya in 1962.

Researchers sampled plant tissues at six incrementally spaced growth stages. They separated them into their different fractions (leaves stems cobs grain) to determine season-long nutrient accumulation utilization and movement.

Among these adjustments scientists highlight the possibility of reusing leftover organic pulp (the glycerol and protein pulp that is not converted into biodiesel)

not only for the pulp and paper industry but also for any business wishing to reduce its carbon footprint.

Application of dynamic models to estimate greenhouse gas emission by wastewater treatment plants of the pulp

and yellow orange or purple color with a pleasant-tasting slightly acidic aromatic pulp rich in vitamins and minerals.

whereas the element cerium did not dissolve into plant tissue. The results contribute to the controversial debate on plant toxicity of nanoparticles

and bound with plant tissue. We used X-ray beams 1000 times thinner than a human hair and the way in

As zinc is present in most plants it didn't come as a surprise that zinc from the nanoparticles in the soil can enter into the plant tissue.

Cerium has no chemical partner in the plant tissue and is not biotransformed in the soya bean

Plant growth and development depend on structures called meristems--reservoirs in plants that consist of the plant version of stem cells.

When prompted by genetic signals cells in the meristem develop into the plant's organs--leaves and flowers for instance.

Our simple hypothesis was that an increase in the size of the inflorescence meristem--the stem-cell reservoir that gives rise to flowers

but still partly functional--it is possible as Jackson postulated to increase meristem size and in so doing get a maize plant to produce ears with more rows and more kernels.

Neiker-Tecnalia researchers isolated autochthonous bacterial strains belonging to soil samples and plant tissue. They then selected the best candidates by means of in vitro analysis

and can feed on plant tissues containing toxins or deterrents without the expected negative effects. Insects overcome plant defenses by the rapid excretion sequestration

--which is passed into the roots through a network of tissues called the phloem. Cytokinins are known important plant hormones to regulate many aspects of plant growth

Nearly one-fifth (17%)of Brazilian beef 75%of Brazilian soy and 70-80%of the palm oil and plantation wood and pulp from Indonesia were destined for foreign markets.

but our study showed that a lack of boron actually causes a problem in the meristems

Meristems comprise the growing points for each plant and every organ in the plant is developed from these specialized stem cells.

Amanda Durbak a post-doctoral fellow in the College of Arts and Science at MU also helped prove boron's usefulness to meristems.

Further testing revealed that at the cellular level the affected plants'meristems had altered pectin which is strengthened with boron

Without the pectin plant meristems disintegrate. By using various techniques and expertise at MU including genomics translational experiments with frog eggs research in the field cellular testing

Therefore researchers at the Tepic Institute of technology (ITT) set out to use the pulp in applications different from consumption analyzing it they found the presence of acetogenins substances with chemotherapeutic properties.

The ITT was given the task of studying the fruit's pulp fresh and stored frozen for a year the first results show that the unprocessed and frozen pulp maintains the presence of compounds called acetogenins.

With these data researchers propose to contribute knowledge about the types of these compounds found

--which consists of 20%mango pulp and 50%mas cotek--has the potential to be developed as a new health drink.

The ice crystals that form during freezing disrupt the structure of the plant tissue making the anthocyanins more available.

and Kiwi proteins) they detected the presence of Alt a 1 in the pulp. What is more they observed that this fungal protein is found in the same areas that the defense protein of the kiwifruit.

He explained that biotrophic pathogens such as SCN need plant tissue to survive but the fungus that causes charcoal rot is necrotrophic meaning that it kills the plant tissue then lives on the dead plant cells.

We need to understand at the molecular level how these two pathogens interact when they are present in soybean fields.

and may even exploit them to identify the most nutritious plant tissues. These results show how knowledge of natural plant defenses can be applied practically in agricultural systems.

and soluble sugar in plant tissues were thought to influence the resistance and resilience of trees positively during periods of drought this supposition had not been proven.

and Strauss at Oregon State to trace the function of EBB1 in buds and other plant tissues responsible for setting forth the first green shoots of spring.

They found that EBB1 codes for a protein that helps to restart cell division in a part of the tree known as meristem

Combing through the 36000-plus genes found in Eucalyptus (nearly twice as many as in the human genome) the researchers homed in on those that may influence the production of secondary cell wall material that can be processed for pulp paper biomaterials and bioenergy applications.

and expression in woody tissues we defined a core set of genes as well as novel lignin-building candidates that are expressed highly in the development of xylem--the woody tissue that helps channel water throughout the plant

and yeast respectively during the initial fermentation of cocoa pulp sugars says Wittmann. The acetic acid bacteria then process these simultaneously via separate metabolic pathways ultimately producing acetate from them.

and the bacteria were not able to survive inside the phloem of the plant where osmotic pressure from sugar is said highâ Fernando Pagliai a co-author of the study

Phloem is the living tissue that carries organic nutrients to all parts of the plant.

The bacteria then move through the tree via the phloem. The disease starves the tree of nutrients damages its roots

According to Bais the rice blast fungus (Magnaporthe oryzae) attacks rice plants through spores resembling pressure plugs that penetrate the plant tissue.

Plant-feeding insects are attracted often to odors that are released by damaged plant tissue because these plants are already under attack

It can be producing the smaller pole trees that provide wood for the pulp and paper industry.

We investigated whether coiling wire around the lower part of the plant stems to reduce the capacity of xylem to transport water to the shoot would result in low shoot moisture conditions

Since basal wire coiling in this experiment markedly suppressed root growth presumably by impeding photosynthate translocation through the phloem to the roots we assume that water absorption was decreased also by this treatment Takahata

Furthermore impeding water transport through the xylem to the upper parts of the plant by this treatment should accelerate a reduction in the moisture content of the shoot.

Like other insect pests whitefly feed by pushing their long mouthpiece--or stylets--into the leaf until it reaches the plant's main source of nutrients travelling through the phloem.

Measuring the time it took from the insect settling on a plant to accessing the plant sap the team showed that hardly any of the whiteflies exposed to a range of smells started feeding from the phloem within 15 hours from the time of exposure.

One of the largest impediments for the pulp and paper industry as well as the emerging biofuel industry is a polymer found in wood known as lignin says Shawn Mansfield a professor of Wood Science at the University of British columbia.

and is a processing impediment for pulp paper and biofuel. Currently the lignin must be removed a process that requires significant chemicals and energy and causes undesirable waste.

#Phloem production in Huanglongbing-affected citrus treescitrus Huanglongbing (citrus greening disease) is highly destructive and fast-spreading contributing to a reduction in crop yields in Florida

Citrus trees affected by HLB exhibit a progressive degeneration of the phloem tissue that results in partial or total phloem collapse.

According to the authors of a new study observations of infected citrus suggest that photoassimilate transport takes place in newly developed phloem tissue of young flush and of the older supporting branches and trunk.

At some point after leaf development the phloem eventually collapses and becomes dysfunctional. Craig Brodersen Cody Narciso Mary Reed and Ed Etxeberria from the University of Florida's Citrus Research and Education Center published the results of a study in Hortscience in

which they monitored the progression of phloem production over time in field-grown trees to determine how the trees are capable of sustaining new growth

and then documented the subsequent phloem collapse. The scientists collected fully expanded and developed tissue from HLB-affected trees from 5-year-old'Valencia'orange trees that had been determined previously to be infected with CLAS.

The data suggested that in HLB-affected trees production of vegetative and reproductive tissues is supported for a limited time by new phloem production during periodic flushes of new growth.

In newly produced vegetative tissue even after leaves had expanded already fully phloem elements contain no signs of deterioration.

The scientists concluded that because of the short window during which the phloem appears healthy the weeks immediately before

The red lipid-rich aril a fleshy pulp surrounding the seeds of Clusia is highly attractive to many animals.

However lignin must be removed for biofuel pulp and paper production-a process that involves harsh chemicals and expensive treatments.

As plant tissue is burned numerous compounds are released some of which have been found to break seed dormancy and stimulate germination.

They say the size of the pores in sapwood--which contains xylem tissue evolved to transport sap up the length of a tree--also allows water through

The wood is composed of xylem porous tissue that conducts sap from a tree's roots to its crown through a system of vessels and pores.

and spread in xylem eventually killing a tree. The xylem's tiny pores can trap bubbles preventing them from spreading in the wood.

Plants have had to figure out how to filter out bubbles but allow easy flow of sap Karnik observes.

When they examined the xylem under a fluorescent microscope they saw that bacteria had accumulated around pit membranes in the first few millimeters of the wood.

while retaining the xylem function. In other experiments with dried sapwood Karnik found that water either did not flow through well

#Characterization of stink bug saliva proteins opens door to controlling pestsbrown marmorated stink bugs cause millions of dollars in crop losses across the United states because of the damage their saliva does to plant tissues.

Unlike a chewing insect which causes damage by removing plant tissue stink bugs pierce plant tissue and suck nutrients from the plant said Michelle Peiffer research support assistant.

#New technique promises cheaper second-generation biofuel for carsproducing second-generation biofuel from dead plant tissue is environmetally friendly

The method recovers high-quality DNA of ingested plant tissue from grasshopper guts. This PLANT DNA offers valuable information about grasshopper diets because it holds more data than

Results indicated that plant tissue could be detected up to 12 hours after ingestion in nymph M. differentialis and M. bivittatus grasshoppers and adult M. femurrubrum grasshoppers.

For adult M. differentialis grasshoppers which were the largest in size plant tissue was detected up to 22 hours post-ingestion.

Analysis of the surfaces of the leaves revealed that the number of plant pathogens as well as of necrotic plant tissues increased considerably

or ditching it into the pulp and paper market. Accordingly, Mccraw believes we're headed for a pine pulpwood shortage.

They would give it back to the pulp and paper mill and those guys would mix it back in with their black liquor.

His backyard holds a small mill with one Šbeater  machine that produces about 40kgs of pulp.

which will produce 100 kgs of pulp, as well as other equipment like cutting, pressing and glazing machines.

such as pulp made from sugar cane and those based on some rice bioproducts. Overall, the company's goal is to reduce packaging volume by 10 percent by 2012.

Our facility is going to be colocated with a pulp mill. Â There are over 500 pulp mills in this country

and they're on their back. We're focusing on three areas: pulp mills and ethanol plants in the Southeast, Northeast and Northwest,

The way we're going to cross the Valley of Death is co-locate with a pulp mill.

The so-called Cellic CTEC3 enzyme--like other enzymes on the market--is used to break down biomass pulp--from corn husks

The focus is the company's $49 million investment in equipment and renewable energy technologies related to an upgrade of its pulp recovery boiler and related equipment.

the primary place where rainforests are still being cut down for pulp and paper,""said Rebecca Tarbotton, executive director of Rainforest Action Network,

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