Gordon, Robert J.,â€oeis There a Tradeoff Between Unemployment and Productivity Growth? †in D. Snower and G. De
Unemployment Policy: Government Options for the Labour market. Cambridge: Cambridge university Press, 1997, pp. 433-63 26
Longstanding issues such as unemployment, child poverty and growing inequalities remain challenges for governments and communities across Europe
within groups with high unemployment and low income. This also makes it possible to retain much
component of (1) the employed population with tertiary education in region i,(2) long-term unemployment as a percentage of total unemployment,(3) the percentage of the regional labour force employed in the
primary sector,(4) manufacturing employment in the high-tech sector The analysis is performed on a sample of 225 NUTS2 regions covering all EU countries for which the
whereas the proportion of agricultural employment and the rate of long-term unemployment are major barriers for technological progress in a region.
Long-term unemployment-0. 0774**-0. 0658 *0. 0369)( 0. 0393 Agricultural Employment-0. 0395-0. 0796
unemployment set to rise to double digit figures by 2010. Government responses to the crisis have involved major fiscal stimulus packages but will
•Fighting unemployment †especially youth unemployment and generational worklessness. The current unemployment rate across Europe is 9. 8%.Between 2008 and 2009,
October 2009, the youth unemployment rate (under-25s) was 20.6%in the euro area and 20.7%in the EU27.
Netherlands has the lowest rate of youth unemployment 7. 2%)and Spain (42.9) and Latvia (33.6%)have the highest.
unemployment needs to reinforce social cohesion. iii •Climate change †the costs and devastation of climate change are
Europe reduced unemployment from 12%to 7%in the decade to 2008. We now need new sources of growth to
addictions, illiteracy and unemployment However, the sector tends to be fragmented and the organisations which operate within it small in scale.
unemployment •Commitments by national/local government or foundations to make payments linked to outcomes achieved in improving the lives of the
†Nonprofit organisations tackling unemployment in Germany and the UK: Vigorous independent enterprises meeting social needs or the emergence of
approaches to cutting graduate unemployment or street homelessness encourages bids by teams with the capacity to develop concepts to scale
outcomes, such as lower unemployment 327) Holistic local budgets such as the New deal for Communities, which gave local communities wide discretion on how to spend large sums of
†bads†(such as criminality or unemployment), to accelerate market innovation to meet social and environmental goals
the arrangements for retirement and unemployment, the size and location of public service centres such as schools and hospitals,
youth unemployment and to increase the youth employment rate, as pursued by the â€oeyouth on the Move†initiative
It also has a higher rate of unemployment (19%)than the national average (15%)and a higher rate of underemployment amongst under 25s than the national average.
Unemployment 13.7 %18.4 %index of disposable income per capita 100 94.5 Median annual household disposable in 2010
where growth rates remain low and unemployment stubbornly high. Europe continues to struggle to increase its competitiveness and set its economy on a more solid
Unemployment Mark Rutte, Prime minister of The netherlands Aymeric Sallin, Founder and Chief executive officer Nanodimension, USA; Young Global Leader
by protracted internal demand, high unemployment and financial fragmentation. Emerging economies are forecasted to grow more modestly than they did in the
a stable population, facing sluggish growth, unemployment and an aging population will be quite different from those
important cause of high youth unemployment. Youth unemployment continues to be high in a number of European countries as well, where important barriers to
entry into the labor market remain in place Efficient labor markets must also ensure clear strong incentives for employees and efforts to promote
unemployment. Traditionally a black spot, the situation of France†s labor market has improved markedly over the year (61st, up 10), thanks to increased flexibility
it must address both unemployment among young people (31.3 percent in 2012) and the consequence of
percent, with its youth unemployment rate estimated at over 50 percent Botswana remains stable this year at 74th place
high unemployment, are investing in the healthcare system and primary education (135th) as well as higher education and training (138th
widening, youth unemployment is rising, and access to basic services remains a challenge. Even in several fast
unemployment or illness. Although welfare systems represent a source of stability for an economy, they
and to all the costs associated with unemployment Moreover, a widespread black economy may affect the resilience of a social system, since informal
and Youth unemployment. The income Gini index is a measure of income inequality, but keep in mind thatâ€
of high unemployment and persistent inequality can spark political instability. On a broader conceptual level social mobility is also a direct measure of the freedom to
Finally, high youth unemployment can reduce social cohesion and incur significant economic and social costs. It depresses lifetime earnings for unemployed
an economic standpoint, high youth unemployment Access to basic necessities Vulnerability to economic exclusion Social cohesion
•Youth unemployment Figure 2: Summary of indicators for social sustainability  2014 World Economic Forum
unemployment is slightly increasing but remains at a fairly low level (8. 4 percent), while social protection
unemployment (15 percent on a decreasing trend In terms of environmental sustainability, the adjusted score reveals a somewhat lower performance,
to address a rather high level of youth unemployment approximately 19 percent), depleting fish stocks diminishing forest cover,
characterized by relatively low youth unemployment widespread access to healthcare, and the presence of a social safety net.
low youth unemployment, its small informal economy and its resilient social safety net. The country attains
Sweden has the highest youth unemployment rate within the Nordic group, which results in its relatively
with high mobility and low level of unemployment. On the environment side, similar to other economies in the
unemployment and wide access to basic necessities positively influence social sustainability, which therefore does not compromise its general competitiveness level
unemployment or vulnerable employment; these indicators cannot therefore be assessed. On the environmental sustainability side, China encounters
unemployment, but inadequate access to healthcare and a poor social safety net are also contributing to a
unemployment and almost universal access to improved drinking water. From the environmental point of view deforestation†despite efforts from the government such
sustainability performance, its low youth unemployment and widespread access to water and sanitation offset its relatively high level of inequality, its widespread informal
Youth unemployment has increased and inequality remains relatively high. In terms of environmental sustainability, however, Kenya has been sensitive to the loss of biodiversity that accompanies
*S02 Youth unemployment *S03 Access to sanitation*d (log S04 Access to improved drinking water*d S05 Access to healthcare servicesd
S02 Youth unemployment Percent of total unemployed youth to total labor force aged 15†24 2012 or most recent
Youth unemployment refers to the share of the labor force aged 15†24 without work but available for and seeking employment
remain unstable and unemployment stubbornly high in many countries, notably those most severely hit by the
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