| Cyclical unemployment (3) |  |
| Female unemployment (3) | |
| Hidden unemployment (7) | |
| Long-term unemployment (6) | |
| Migrant unemployment (3) | |
| Seasonal unemployment (3) | |
| Short-time working (1) | |
| Structural unemployment (4) | |
| Temporary layoff (9) | |
| Unemployment (348) | |
| Unemployment due to technical progress (3) | |
| Youth unemployment (99) | |
85 3. 2. 2. Unemployment paradoxes and quick fixes...87 3. 2. 3. Challenge for France...
Today, the unemployment problem is an issue in Europe, but, essentially, all work that can be described as well-defined processes can be robotized or automated,
This way of doing increases also pollution in developing countries and the unemployment in Europe and other developed countries.
challenges, such as unemployment and exclusion, depletion of natural resources, pollution and its subsequent serious diseases, organized crime and cyber criminality, terrorism, devitalization of regions and overpopulation in megacities,
as well as unemployment and lack of workforce in the services areas such as tourism, hotels and restaurants, agriculture and others?
and biotechnology as well as space exploration for societal needs, among others. 3. 2. 2. Unemployment paradoxes and quick fixes Growth,
However, the firms in charge of the unemployment survey are playing with numbers †persons on training are removed from the list of jobseekers.
It is urgent to find realistic solutions for unemployment and exclusion. All challenges mentioned in this chapter form a complex system
and Communication at Stanford university, has the ambition of disrupting unemployment. They try to find a solution for the intersectoral problem of unemployement.
whether such growth will also significantly reduce unemployment...Persistent mismatches between employee skills and job requirements can seriously impede innovative activityâ€.
The United states alone spends $100 billion a year on unemployment benefits. The value of underused people is much bigger.
and experience sharing on fighting unemployment. Another Stanford initiative is the Triple Helix Association5 which connects the same populations and focuses on academic conferences.
because it is only digital One another case dealing with young unemployment is the European Young Innovators Forum (EYIF),
and reduce unemployment. Unemployment is still high and 35 h/week is exceeded in many companies.
Carlos Slim†s suggestion in 2014 was to reduce the working week to 3 days.
â€oecould artificial intelligence create an unemployment crisis? â€, Communications of the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM), vol. 56, no. 7, pp 37†39,2013, available at http://cacm. acm. org/.
global, European and French perspectives 3. 2. 1. Challenges for Europe 3. 2. 2. Unemployment paradoxes and quick fixes 3. 2. 2. 1. Technological
Unemployment also started to increase after 2007, when it was 4%and Luminiå£a Nicolescu, Ciprian Nicolescu ISSN 2071-789x RECENT ISSUES IN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT Economics & Sociology, Vol. 5, No 2a,
and services and increasing efficiency but also for meeting the job creation challenge of high unemployment. In the short to medium term there is a real opportunity for governments to use policies for entrepreneurship
At the same time many address problems of unemployment and the social problems of poor neighbourhoods. This is of great relevance in the current post-crisis context in
and high levels of employment to a situation where unemployment now stands at 14.2 per cent,
The economic value of the CEB soft supports depends somewhat on the prevailing economic environment and unemployment levels.
In times of high unemployment, these CEB activities stimulate the use of surplus resources, creating additional wages, profits and tax revenues.
Rationale for interventions †Findings The period from 2004-2008 was characterised by low levels of unemployment
and a steep rise in unemployment. The need to focus on productivity enhancements, innovation, knowledge and skills acquisition,
In periods of high unemployment, government intervention may be triggered to address the risk that some individuals may become long-term unemployed
Unemployment increased from a level of 4. 5 per cent in 2004 to 13.7 per cent in 2010.
unemployment and low economic growth in Ireland. It was recognised that micro enterprises (employing 10 or less people) could be a valuable source of employment and economic growth,
Secondly, at times of high unemployment, where there are unused or underused resources in the economy, start-up activity may utilise surplus resources thereby creating additional wages, profits and tax revenues.
Start-up Grants (SUG) are provided by TE centres which aim to get people out of unemployment and into employment.
Key objectives of both schemes were to reduce unemployment and increase self employment. Evaluation of the deadweight impacts of both schemes suggests they were a success:
In conclusion and based on these preliminary investigations, business support tools to stimulate the labour market are generally a success in reducing unemployment.
The Economic Journal, 90 (357). 1980 FORFÃ S EVALUATION OF ENTERPRISE SUPPORTS FOR START-UPS & ENTREPRENEURSHIP 139 At times of high unemployment, where there are unused or underused resources in the economy,
With the current rate of unemployment and the existence of unused resources in the economy
Turning to impacts on wages, profits and tax revenues, these additional impacts are likely to be relatively small in the period up to 2008, because of the low levels of unemployment and consequent high levels of labour market displacement.
and reduce the rate of unemployment. Underskilled youth do not have sufficient options to gain experience.
but in light of the scale of the unemployment challenge that Ireland is currently facing,
These initiatives may be particularly suitable to Early School Leavers who are the most vulnerable to long-term unemployment.
The successful programme offers tailored support for an age group that could suffer from long-term unemployment
and reduce the rate of unemployment. Specifically with regard to entrepreneurial activity, we offer the following recommendations to help startups attract
etc) without requiring positive retained earnings. 5. 2 Skills development programmes Ireland currently has an unbearably high rate of unemployment.
because unemployment or debt has drained their resources or negatively affected their credit ratings. For others, potential funding institutions may be risk averse.
Since 2008 unemployment and emigration levels disimproved by 192%and 27%respectively in the countryside
Some will argue that increases in the minimum wage lead to higher unemployment. But this is an error of applying microeconomic analysis to a macroeconomic phenomenon.
if any unemployment resulted from an increase in the minimum wage, macroeconomic policy, especially monetary policy, would adjust,
and unemployment did not go up. As they entered the workforce, female workers earned money that let them purchase goods and services,
naiste in February 2012 unemployment stood at 15.1 per cent. The idea that our economy could put 100,000 extra people back to work by 2016 was met with questioning,
The rate of unemployment has declined from a peak of 15.1 per cent at the start of 2012 to below 10.6 per cent at end 2014.
ï§Regions with history of high unemployment such as the South East †which Government has brought a new focus to,
The South East has had the largest decrease in unemployment in the State; and ï§Exports continuing to grow,
Unemployment is down from a crisis peak of 15.1 per cent to 10.6 per cent at the end of 2014 and, critically,
and Tàs together with the reform of the Community Employment programme indicate the Government†s determination to address the challenge of long-term unemployment.
and unemployment remains unacceptably high, improvements are evident in labour market indicators and employer demand continues to grow,
The pace of progress in the regions †and especially those with the highest unemployment levels-needs to be accelerated through targeted supports for enterprise and job creation.
and unemployment has fallen from a crisis peak of over 15 per cent to 10.6 per cent now.
and elevated levels of debt and unemployment at home, all increase the importance of developing new sources of economic growth.
and retention, reducing unemployment and meeting the skills needs of emerging industries. HEA) 373 The Post Graduate programme of Professional Practice programme, currently in pilot phase, will be evaluated.
unemployment, ageing, migration, and climate change are only a few of the many issues that can be cited as examples of the effects of such crises.
In Europe, austerity, budget cuts, unemployment, ageing, migration, and climate change are only a few of the issues that can be cited as examples of the effects of such crises.
The Competition invites Europeans to develop new solutions to reduce unemployment and minimize its effects on the economy and society.
since both Germany and its Hamburg region endure substantial unemployment with an unemployment rate of nearly 9%.At the same time the industry is unable to fill vacant positions with skilled labour.
despite high rates of unemployment in certain sections of the society. According to some preliminary calculations the shortage of skilled (technical) labour, primarily of engineers and scientists, is leading to a loss of over 20 billion euros a year in the form of unrealized business opportunities.
G#2v 4543 Unemployment G#3v 4544 Cyclical unemployment 0#4#cyclical unemployment Cyclical unemployment G#3v 4545 Female unemployment
G#3v 4547 Long-term unemployment 0#4#long term unemployment Long-term unemployment G#3v 4548 Migrant unemployment 0#4#migrant unemployment Migrant unemployment
G#3v 4549 Seasonal unemployment 0#4#seasonal unemployment Seasonal unemployment G#3v 4550 Short-time working 0#4#short time working Short-time working
G#3v 4553 Unemployment 0#4#frictional unemployment Unemployment 0#4#unemployment Unemployment G#3v 4554 Unemployment due to technical progress
0#4#unemployment due to technical progress Unemployment due to technical progress G#3v 4555 Youth unemployment 0#4#youth unemployment Youth unemployment G#2v 4556 Vocational training
G#3v 4557 Apprenticeship 0#4#apprenticeship Apprenticeship G#3v 4558 Communication skills 0#4#communication practices Communication skills
and the level of unemployment was below two digits For the 2008 call, special emphasis was made in the previous recollection of
-ated by the state, plus very low levels of unemployment. All this notwithstanding Uruguay still has important groups of populations excluded from access to a
as articulated in the Europe 2020 Strategy, 6 such as unemployment, inequality and poverty, health and education,
Eslife (ES) Flexible work matching for household & family tasks, tackling high unemployment in local area
Eastserve, Manchester (UK) Tackling local digital divide, low skills, high unemployment and poverty, improving engagement and social cohesion
combatting pay cuts, unemployment and social disruption Civic engagement and activism Hackney CAB crowdmap (UK) Support low-income residents, losing some or all housing benefit,
and unemployment but still requiring tasks to be done Cookisto (EL and UK Homemade food swapping
participation, low unemployment and flexi-curity policies x European learning networks, such as gender mainstreaming, age management, inclusive
there have been massive rises in unemployment, especially in southern Europe and amongst young 8 http://ec. europa. eu/employment social/eie/chap1-5-2 en. html
unemployment, low job skills and the digital divide -Improve digital search skills for all types of unemployed
unemployment in local area -Digital fast and flexible matching to recruit and manage the supply and demand of household and family tasks
unemployment and poverty, improving engagement and social cohesion -ICT affordable broadband for jobs, education & community
average, lower unemployment by 6, 200,180 start-ups, 3-fold increase in educational achievement, fewer benefits claimed
unemployment and social disruption -ICT web/mobile for matching supply & demand, managing system social fora, awareness raising;
unemployment by providing a new means to meet economic necessities, as well as retaining this economic (nonprofit making) activity in the community thus supporting local
unemployment but still requiring tasks to be done -ICT web/mobile free platform for matching supply & demand
whose main goal is to reduce unemployment. This Strategy is structured into three large blocks: job creation;
unemployment have caused a substantial increase in situations of social inequality and poverty. Today, unemployment is the main cause of poverty amongst the working-age
population. For this reason, measures promoting social cohesion focus on integrating unemployed people into the labour market and on improving job-seeking skills
In the present context of severe economic crisis and high unemployment, it is particularly important to improve employability as a way of working towards a change to
unemployment generated by sectors in decline and to establish a model for economic growth that is more balanced than previous models
Unemployment is the main cause of poverty amongst the working-age population. For this reason, the Government promotes measures to foster integration into the labour
order to reduce the high levels of unemployment and to generate economic growth through increased productivity and the creation of quality jobs.
unemployment is dramatically impacting large groups of younger generations that find increasing challenges in building their future
2 Youth and unemployment...3 2. 1 A global crisis...3 2. 2 The skills mismatch...
unemployment not only hampers economic growth, for youth it can be a debilitating experience that affects their desire
unemployment and underemployment, illustrating the scale of the challenge and some of the factors that
2 Youth and unemployment Around the world youth disproportionately suffer from the malaise of unemployment.
The scale of the problem is immense, holding back economic growth while stifling the aspirations of people recently
unemployment, and discusses the primary causes of this acute state of affairs 2. 1 A global crisis
even in countries where unemployment is low youth unemployment is twice the national average or greater.
8 Jenny Marlar, â€oeglobal Unemployment at 8%in 2011: Youth are three times more likely than older adults to be
unemployed, †(Gallup. com, April 17, 2012), www. gallup. com/poll/153884/Global-Unemployment-2011. aspx
obsolescence brought about by long-term unemployment. †12 This situation has multiple implications for youth. It renders solutions to the employment crisis more difficult to find,
The unemployment situation varies significantly between developed and developing countries, and among and within regions.
In general, in the developed world long-term unemployment among youth is becoming acute, resulting in high levels of dissatisfaction and a lack of trust in socioeconomic and
http://www. gallup. com/poll/153884/Global-Unemployment-2011. aspx Digital opportunities: Innovative ICT solutions for youth employment
and Peru there exists a higher concentration of unemployment among youth with secondary education than either primary or advanced education. 35 This situation reflects a skills mismatch
countries, especially women and young people who tend to experience higher unemployment and underemployment and could benefit from flexible income-generating opportunities. 89
suffering from unemployment, delinquency, and drug abuse. In partnership with a youth livelihoods programme called AKAZI KANOZE, youth are trained in computer maintenance and
are educated highly, suffer from low-wage, deadend work and record levels of unemployment. †176 Youth
unemployment and underemployment are at a record high. Tackling this enormous challenge requires the coordinated efforts of governments, the private sector, civil society, academia and international agencies
Marlar, Jenny. â€oeglobal Unemployment at 8%in 2011: Youth are three times more likely than older
-Unemployment-2011. aspx Mcfedries, Paul. â€oei†m in the Mood for MOOCS. †IEEE Spectrum, December 4, 2012
2 Youth and unemployment 2. 1 A global crisis 2. 2 The skills mismatch 2. 3 Regional trends:
which rising earnings have done little to offset high unemployment, local business distress, and severe pressures on
challenges such as climate change and unemployment. This research project has iden -tified, mapped and engaged communities that are constructing the emerging Digital
-ing unemployment will require innovative solutions that challenge traditional ways of doing things To provide a synthetic overview, we cat
new solutions to reduce unemployment and minimise its corrosive effects on the economy and society.
13%were on unemployment benefit (RMI and 8%people had a disability ï 345,000 hours dedicated to insertion (about 200 full time equivalent jobs), a further 92,000
against poverty, unemployment, illness and old age are important as long as they †are not pursued in conflict with the rules of the marketâ€.
the United At work project, an innovative way to address senior and junior unemployment through intergenerational
-term unemployment without relying on economic growth as a panacea. Investing in health and education, preferably as early as possible (e g. through early childhood
Innovation Union) and fight unemployment and exclusion (Youth on the move, an Agen -da for New Skills and Jobs, European Platform against Poverty.
Projects were typically related to unemployment, marginalisation of disadvantaged groups, environment and access to affordable and good quality health and education.
approaches to cutting graduate unemployment or street homelessness encourages bids by teams with the capacity to develop concepts to scale
outcomes, such as lower unemployment 327) Holistic local budgets such as the New deal for Communities, which gave local communities wide discretion on how to spend large sums of
†bads†(such as criminality or unemployment), to accelerate market innovation to meet social and environmental goals
the arrangements for retirement and unemployment, the size and location of public service centres such as schools and hospitals,
unemployment, resource constraints and so forth. GDP slow down since mid-2011, environmental disasters climate change, an ageing population,
and growing unemployment will require innovative solutions that challenge traditional ways of doing things, such as moving from closed innovation models to open and
emerge to tackle societal challenges, such as unemployment, clean and renewable energy provision, poverty to improve public services such as education and health,
with pay, night work, protection against unemployment and medical care and sickness benefits. The Doing Business methodology is fully consistent with these 6
unemployment protection schemes as well as data on whether employers are required legally to provide health insurance for employees with permanent
Availability of unemployment protection scheme? Yes Health insurance existing for permanent employees? Yes Availability of courts
Despite the decreasing affordability of education, increasing unemployment caused by the financial crisis has led to increases in the number of students enrolled in higher education institutes as
education is seen as an alternative to unemployment. The composite effect of rising unemployment and tuition fees, however, has contributed to exacerbating inequalities in access to higher education (see Figure
E. 3. 1 on educational attainment in tertiary education. This trend, which is corroborated by the discussion in the Delphi exercise, is likely to continue into the coming decades (Lewis & Verhoeven 2010
Unemployment of skilled and unskilled labor in an open economy International trade, migration, and outsourcing.
the EU-25 Member States on pensions, health care, long-term care, education and unemployment transfers 2004-2050), Special report.
"Unemployment and Right-wing Extremist Crime "Scandinavian Journal of Economics, 113 (2: 260†285 FAO,"How to Feed the World in 2050,2009.
The link between unemployment and crime rate fluctuations: An analysis at the county, state, and national levels.
Saridakis, G. Spengler, H. 2012. â€oecrime, deterrence and unemployment in Greece: A panel data approach†The Social science Journal,(49) 2: 167-174
maintaining higher wages at the cost of higher unemployment versus favoring higher levels of employment
of the economy and a decrease in unemployment (Koellinger & Thurik 2012) so a more analytic approach toward
High levels of unemployment, large numbers of temporary workers and low productivity undermine the performance of Andalusia†s labour market.
unemployment rising from 11%to 27.2%in early 2010(+16.2%)compared to+12.7%for Spain as a
The rapid soaring of unemployment has been the result of the industrial and labour market structures of the region.
Arguably, large regional unemployment also conceals a remarkable share of labour informality, which negatively impacts on labour productivity
unemployment benefits constitute a disproportionately large share of its social benefit package relative to the EU15 countries on average
the high level of unemployment, large reliance on temporary workers, and low productivity. Although the overreliance of the region on the construction industry â€
Already by 2009, unemployment among young adults (16-24) was considerably higher (38), %and among those with just a high school diploma, the unemployment rate stood at 56
unbroken employment (The Leader, Andalusia Suffering Most from Unemployment, 21.11.2009. The above synopsis indicates that the rapid economic growth
unemployment, notably youth unemployment, are being impacted severely. Moreover, the region has a relatively limited entrepreneurial where people enter public sector employment as their preference
Firstly, the region must cope with the very high levels of unemployment (average of 27.2 %peaking at almost 32%in Cadiz in April 2010), particularly youth unemployment,
levels of unemployment require the region to support all forms of entrepreneurship and start-ups in all
of people entering the unemployment register will require rapid retraining and start-up support to engage in new forms of activity.
Promote self employment to tackle unemployment and diversify the economy The rising levels of unemployment, the need to diversify the economy (e g. away from
construction, real estate, etc. combined with the population†s latent interest to establish a business GEM, 2006) call for a greater focus on providing opportunities for people to establish their own
Transiting from unemployment into self employment Description of the approach Germany has suffered from persistently high unemployment rate, as well as low self employment
have received in unemployment benefits for a period of six months plus a lump sum to cover social
percent) and yet experienced persistently high levels of unemployment (between 7-9 percent. To overcome this constraint,
unemployment is concerned, calls for a much greater emphasis on assisting the unemployed into self -employment through training, start-up grants, etc.
Baumgartner, H. J. and Caliendo, M. 2007) Turning Unemployment into Self employment Effectiveness and Efficiency of Two Start-up Programmes, DIW, Discussion Papers 671
This allied to the generous unemployment benefits available as part of the system is also seen as important in encouraging entrepreneurial
downturn and collapse of global demand in many key markets, unemployment has climbed from 3. 6
over the same time span, unemployment decreased at 4. 7%annually, halving the number of the unemployed from 442 000 to 212 000.
unemployment has soared from 11%to 27.2%,only 3. 5%below the 1996 value preceding the †phenomenal decadeâ€
Conversely, unemployment among young adults (aged 16-24) with just a high school diploma stood at stunning 56%at the end of
Self employment has the potential to alleviate unemployment, enhance the long-term income of participants, and positively impact on their career prospects by improving
the problem of high levels of unemployment, especially youth unemployment in Andalusia Entrepreneurship works when new firms are formed,
5. Unemployment and Labour Activation Measures 45â 6. Business Process Outsourcing & Shared Services and the South East
Unemployment currently stands at 18.2 percent, compared with the national average of 14.5 percent. The closure of Talk Talk is a further set back to the
high rates of unemployment in the region D1. Upskilling Coordination  The Up-skilling Coordination Group,
Unemployment levels in the region have increased and at 18.2 percent the South East currently has the highest unemployment rate amongst all of the regions,
unemployment and structural change required in the region, there may be a case for seeking to agree a revised State Aid designation with the EU
5. Unemployment and Labour Activation Measures Regional Unemployment Profile42 Overall, employment in the South East has declined by 37,200 relative to Q2 2008
Unemployment levels in the region have reached 41,600 or a rate of 18.2 percent. Younger age cohorts have been affected by employment declines to a higher extent in the South East
largely mirroring the national trend Unemployment by Educational Attainment Unemployment is concentrated largely amongst those with lower levels of qualifications in
the South East, and this is more acute than the national picture In Q1 2011, those with below third level educational attainment accounted for 85 percent of
unemployment in the South East compared to 78 percent of unemployment in the State. This
indicates a higher concentration of those with relatively low skills in unemployment compared to the national picture,
while, on the other hand, those with third level qualifications in the region seem to be affected less by current adverse labour market conditions
Unemployment by Age Cohort In the South East, those aged under 35 account for 51 percent of total unemployment, even
though this cohort only accounts for 38 percent of the total labour force in the region
indicating a significant over-representation of younger people amongst the unemployment relative to their contribution to the labour market.
with the under 35†s accounting for 54 percent of total unemployment even though they only
given the level of unemployment in the region, as to the basis for the issuing of new work permits in these areas
From a labour market activation perspective, the general trends of unemployment disproportionately affecting younger and lower skilled cohorts generally reflects the trend
Unemployment currently stands at 18.2 percent, compared with the national average of 14.3 percent. The closure of Talk Talk is a further set back to the
impacted by high rates of unemployment is the region D1. Upskilling Coordination  The Up-skilling Coordination Group,
Employment and Unemployment in the South East & the State 2007-2011 State 2007q2â 2008q2â 2009q2â 2010q2â 2011q2â
ï§Rising unemployment and reskilling ï§The †new†unemployed ï§Innovation ï§Supports for SMES
Rising Unemployment and Reskilling The current economic downturn has resulted in a significant increase in unemployment across
the country, primarily within construction, retail/hospitality and manufacturing activities FÃ S and the VECS have the infrastructures in place to address the skills
which unemployment has been increasing and uncertainty have exacerbated fears and a call for action. Many identified the need for a more in depth understanding of the regional skills
Unemployment (Q1 2009) 11.7%10.2%8. 9 %Employment Growth 1998-2008 38%33%22 %GVA per worker (productivity) â 59,774 â 76,799 â 103,104
Unemployment (Q4 2009) 11%10.2%8. 9 %Employment Growth 1998-2008 37%33%22 %GVA per worker (productivity) â 58,922 â 76,799 â 103,104
The skills development and unemployment issues faced by the Midlands region mirror those which are being experienced nationally,
mid 2008-which is now having a significant impact on unemployment levels which at 11.7%(2008) is the highest in the State
Unemployment (Q4 2009) 11.7 10.2%8. 9 %Employment Growth 1998-2008 45%33%22 %GVA per worker (productivity) â 53,216 â 76,799 â 103,104
Unemployment (Q4 2009) 9. 9%10.2%8. 9 %Employment Growth 1998-2008 32%33%22
Unemployment (Q1 2009) 11.4%10.2%8. 9 %Employment Growth 1998-2008 27%33%22 %GVA per worker (productivity) â 66,098 â 76,799 â 103,104
Unemployment (Q4 2009) 11.4%10.2%8. 9 %Employment Growth 1998-2008 40%33%22 %GVA per worker (productivity) â 57,864 â 76,799 â 103,104
However, unemployment has risen sharply over the last twelve months, rising from a rate of 4. 6%at the end of 2007 to almost 9%in early 2009
Unemployment (Q1 2009) 8. 9%9. 2%10.2 %Employment Growth 1998-2008 22%50%33
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