%scientific activities (12%),computer and electronics (16 %and the rest were distributed in the others miscellaneous
3. Internet and other computer-mediated networks Source: OECD, ICT database and Eurostat, Community Survey on ICT usage in enterprises 2002, May 2003
office accounting & computer machinery; radio, TV & telecommunication instruments; medical, precision & optical instruments electrical machinery and apparatus, n e c.;
office accounting & computer machinery; radio, TV & telecommunication instruments medical, precision & optical instruments; electrical machinery and apparatus, n e c
In contrast, computers and electronics have high product obsolescence rates; which means higher and more continuous investment in incremental
The fall in the price of computers and data storage devices, coupled with the rise of the Internet, have made the use of digital information as a competitive weapon no longer just the
The most innovative industries, such as computers, instruments and pharmaceuticals also tend to be the most R&d intensive (Audretsch, 1995.
newly emerging industries like biotechnology and computer software (Audretsch, 1995. One answer is that knowledge inputs come from third-party firms
front, they make parallel-processing computers for Japan and satellite receivers for Germany.""12 41. To some extent this is strategy employed by Germany's small-and mid-size companies
individuals move easily from semiconductor to disk drive firms or from computer to network makers. They move from established firms to start-ups (or vice versa) and even to market research
momentum through the launching of the Internet, the rapid decrease in computer prices, and the increased availability of the personal computer.
computers, computer networks, Intranet structures, Internet technologies, and similar tools. By outward-focused technology intake, I
touchless computer interface, intelligent systems and universal access to information These key technologies were incorporated in the updated regional development strategy-the
touchless computer interface, intelligent systems and universal access to information Life science, biotech, biomedicine pharma, health
Computers that do not really help to raise the quality of education DDT, a substance that fails to free the world of famine,
53 H. J. Brouwer, Computer stelt economisch weinig voor (Computers say very little), Volkskrant, 1999 (4
much of my back when I left to Yogyakarta or set behind my computer. Finally I acknowledge all respondents
Other (computer training, etc) 12 12 IHS Working Paper 27.2013. Innovation in SMES. The case of home accessories in Yogyakarta, Indonesia 24
computer operating systems in the software industry Businesses within the pharmaceutical industry are looking to different models
>improve interoperability of computer applications used by different stakeholders >develop a standard framework for freight information
components in them, such as computer-aided manufacturing systems and self-service kiosks These tools and can be used in the internal operations of organizations (business
capital, only computers, communications equipment, and software are associated positively with multi-factor productivity. 44 Hitt and Tambe find that the spillovers from IT nearly
On a firm level, the benefits of Internet and computer use for productivity are also well
computers or telecommunications equipment and achieve service quality or efficiency gains. Instead they go through a process of organizational redesign
display (LCD) computer monitors. 159 The intent was to boost the production of these high-value products in Europe,
Any government policy that makes computers more expensive will discourage use and reduce the possible benefits of IT.
and safety gains by using computers to automate existing manual processes. For example, computerised ordering systems largely sub
%Computer, electronic and optical products 28 2. 1 %Nanotechnology and engineering 26 2. 0 %Grand total 805 61.6
%Computer, electronic and optical products 23 1. 8 %Grand total 742 56.8 %Table 6: Most common priorities within the sub-category of †EU-objectivesâ€
Computer, electronic and optical products Electrical equipment Food, beverage and tobacco products Furniture Handicrafts Machinery and equipment n e c
records than computer use to collect health data. This may be due to the use of fax
complex which means that computer software designed for this purpose must reflect its complexity Capturing and using individual patient information electronically also requires installation of computer
equipment at or close to the point of care. In addition to the cost of the computer hardware and software
Data are entered into a computer (often from paper) from where they can be analysed and retrieved •Computerized data and electronic communication:
aggregation can be done automatically by a computer counting the incidents of interest over a given time period †this might provide early evidence of emerging (or
systematically organized to be processed by computer. It provides a terminology that is optimized to index, store,
Inpatient computer-based standing orders vs physician reminders to increase influenza and pneumococcal vaccination rates: a randomized trial.
into a computer for execution CCD The Continuity of Care Document is a HL7 CDA compliant implementation of the CCR
Includes the computers, software, data-capture devices, wireless communication devices, and local and wide area networks that move information,
2. 4 Proportion of households with a computer and proportion of households with Internet access, 2012-2013, Qatar...
4. 16 Comparison of postpaid fixed-broadband and postpaid computer-based mobile-broadband prices, in USD, by region, 2013.130
4. 7 Mobile-broadband prices, postpaid computer-based 1 GB, 2013.136 4. 8 Mobile-broadband prices, prepaid computer-based 1 GB, 2013.138
4. 9 Fixed-broadband prices as a percentage of household disposable income, selected countries, 2013.144 4. 10 Fixed-broadband prices as a percentage of household consumption expenditure
learner-to-computer ratio in schools Internet connectivity in schools also depends on the development of the national
some cases, computers have been introduced in schools without Internet access, which effectively Chart 1. 23: Proportion of ICT-qualified teachers versus proportion of teachers trained to teach subjects
Proportion of teachers trained to teach basic computer skills (or computing %P ro p o
computer skills or computing (i e. ICT-qualified teachers)( Chart 1. 23. In most of the countries
the Internet or a computer are now being collected by more than 100 economies worldwide, and data on Internet use in
households with a computer, and households with Internet access •Use sub-index: This sub-index captures ICT
•Percentage of households with a computer The definition of computer was revised to include tablet or similar handheld
computers in addition to desktop and laptop computers, so as to reflect the uptake of these devices •The definition of household access was
refined so that, in order for a household to have access to ICT equipment or services the equipment/service should generally
households with a computer (updating the definition of computer to include tablet and similar handheld computers †but
excluding smartphones •Differences among countries included in the IDI. The calculation of the IDI ranking
Chapter 2. The ICT Development Index (IDI 40 ICT access Reference value %1. Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants
4. Percentage of households with a computer 5. Percentage of households with Internet access 60 120
computer skills (compared to the EU average of 67 per cent) and 42 per cent of the population
have â€oehigh†computer skills. 7 In 2010, the digital economy accounted for more than 5. 8 per cent
access and households with a computer by end 2013. Next-generation access, providing speeds of at least 30 Mbit/s, was available to 73 per
of 81 per cent of households have a computer International Internet bandwidth is relatively low
households with a computer and households with Internet) of at least 88 per cent. Iceland and
households with a computer, at 97 and 95 per cent, respectively. 15 In Luxembourg and Norway
Internet and 82 per cent with a computer. Both fixed-broadband (31 per cent) and wireless
of households with a computer †from 33 per cent in 2012 to close to 40 per cent in 2013
of households with a computer at 97 per cent in 2013 (see Chart 2. 4). A report by ICTQATAR
a computer Households with Internet Fixed-telephone subscriptions Internet usersfixed-broadband subscriptions Active mobile -subscriptions
a computer Households with Internet Fixed-telephone subscriptions Internet usersfixed-broadband subscriptions Active mobile -subscriptions
a computer Households with Internet Fixed-telephone subscriptions Internet usersfixed-broadband subscriptions Active mobile -subscriptions
a computer Households with Internet Fixed-telephone subscriptions Internet usersfixed-broadband subscriptions Active mobile -subscriptions
a computer Households with Internet Fixed-telephone subscriptions Internet usersfixed-broadband subscriptions Active mobile -subscriptions
a computer Households with Internet Fixed-telephone subscriptions Internet usersfixed-broadband subscriptions Active mobile -subscriptions
a computer Households with Internet Fixed-telephone subscriptions Internet usersfixed-broadband subscriptions Active mobile -subscriptions
a computer Households with Internet Fixed-telephone subscriptions Internet usersfixed-broadband subscriptions Active mobile -subscriptions
a computer Households with Internet Fixed-telephone subscriptions Internet usersfixed-broadband subscriptions Active mobile -subscriptions
a computer Households with Internet Fixed-telephone subscriptions Internet usersfixed-broadband subscriptions Active mobile -subscriptions
a computer Households with Internet Fixed-telephone subscriptions Internet usersfixed-broadband subscriptions Active mobile -subscriptions
a computer Households with Internet Fixed-telephone subscriptions Internet usersfixed-broadband subscriptions Active mobile -subscriptions
computer and proportion of households with Internet access, 2012-2013, Qatar Source: ITU World Telecommunication/ICT Indicators database
computer Household with Internet access 2012 2013 P e r 1 0 0 h o
a computer Households with Internet Fixed-telephone subscriptions Internet usersfixed-broadband subscriptions Active mobile -subscriptions
a computer Households with Internet Fixed-telephone subscriptions Internet usersfixed-broadband subscriptions Active mobile -subscriptions
have a computer. Basic voice services are more widely available although LCCS like Eritrea (6 per cent), Myanmar (13 per cent) and
15 Qatar (ranked 34th) has 97 per cent of households with a computer by end 2013
with a computer. The remaining GCC states all reach high household ICT penetration rates of
households with a computer as a result of the National PC Initiative. Through this initiative eligible families (those benefiting from the
are offered one free computer per student Furthermore, Omantel provides discounted broadband Internet offers for eligible
of households had a computer. Data from the annual ICT household survey show that, since
2008, computers have replaced telephones as the most commonly available ICT device in Thai homes. Furthermore, the majority of households
households with a computer in the region by end 2013, at 67 per cent and 70 per cent, respectively
and a computer. Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan display a very low ICT household penetration, with less than 10 per cent of households in the country
with a computer. In the majority of countries in Europe (25 out of 40), 70 per cent of households
of households have a computer. Albania ranks last in the region also in terms of household ICT
a computer and 24.5 per cent with Internet access by end 2013. Among the countries that made the
computer. Household Internet access remains very low in the LCC Cuba (3 per cent), as well as in Guatemala and Nicaragua, where around 9 per
with a computer did not have Internet in 2013 because they considered it too expensive or
Computer-based Prepaid Postpaid Prepaid Postpaid Chapter 4. ICT prices and the role of competition
The global average price for a computer-based mobile-broadband service with 1 GB monthly
computer-based mobile-broadband plans cost 37 per cent less than the corresponding prepaid plans in PPP terms.
prepaid and postpaid computer-based mobile -broadband plans are marked less in developing countries, suggesting that operators differentiate
compared with computer-based plans because the monthly data allowance was half as large Nevertheless, the reduction in price was not
computer-based mobile-broadband services the prices for postpaid and prepaid handset -based mobile-broadband plans were similar
computer-based 1gb Prepaid computer-based 1gb developing developed 160 2012 Postpaid 2013 2012 2013 2012 2013 2012
Chart 4. 12: Mobile-broadband prices, in PPP$, world and by level of development, 2013
Postpaid computer -based (1gb Prepaid computer -based (1gb PPP$ Developing Developed World Chapter 4. ICT prices and the role of competition
128 common in developing countries, where fewer than one in ten countries have bundled offers as
Computer-based services with a monthly allowance of 1 GB are about six times more affordable in developed countries, on average
price for a computer-based mobile-broadband service with 1 GB monthly data allowance corresponded to more than 20 per cent of GNI
Postpaid computer -based (1gb Prepaid computer -based (1gb USD Developing Developed World Chart 4. 14:
Mobile-broadband prices as a percentage of GNI p. c.,world and by level of development, 2013
Postpaid computer -based (1gb Prepaid computer -based (1gb %GNI p. c 129 Measuring the Information Society Report 2014
in the region, particularly when compared to the lower prices in other regions. Indeed, it is
slightly above that value in the case of computer -Chart 4. 15: Mobile-broadband prices as a percentage of
Postpaid computer -based (1gb Prepaid computer -based (1gb %GNI p. c Africa Asia & Pacific
The americas Arab States CIS Europe based mobile-broadband services. The americas region also has average prices corresponding to
computer-based plans being the only ones clearly above that threshold. Country data for The americas reveal that there are a number of
countries which have high prepaid computer -based prices because minimum packages include a monthly data allowance much larger
is the base offer for regular computer-based mobile-broadband customers Average prices for computer-based mobile
-broadband plans with a monthly data allowance of 1 GB suggest that mobile broadband could be
Comparison of postpaid fixed-broadband and postpaid computer-based mobile-broadband prices, in USD, by region, 2013
fixed-broadband and postpaid computer-based mobile-broadband plans with a 1 GB monthly allowance.
are based computer and include a monthly data allowance of at least 1 GB. Although the minimum data allowance is the same, in practice
data use (Table 4. 4), whereas most computer -based mobile-broadband plans with a minimum
for a computer-based mobile-broadband plan In other African countries, mobile broadband may be a more affordable alternative to fixed
region for 1 GB postpaid computer-based plans In many countries in Asia and the Pacific, there
Mobile-broadband prices, postpaid computer-based 1 GB, 2013 Rank Economy Mobile-broadband postpaid computer-based (1 GB
GNI p. c USD 2013 *Monthly data allowance (MB as%of GNI p. c. USD PPP$
Mobile-broadband prices, postpaid computer-based 1 GB, 2013 (continued Note:**Data correspond to the GNI per capita (Atlas method) in 2013
postpaid computer-based (1 GB GNI p. c USD 2013 *Monthly data allowance (MB as%of
Mobile-broadband prices, prepaid computer-based 1 GB, 2013 Rank Economy Mobile-broadband prepaid computer-based (1 GB
GNI p. c USD 2013 *Monthly data allowance (MB as%of GNI p. c. USD PPP$
Mobile-broadband prices, prepaid computer-based 1 GB, 2013 (continued Note:**Data correspond to the GNI per capita (Atlas method) in 2013
prepaid computer-based (1 GB GNI p. c USD 2013 *Monthly data allowance (MB as%of
population (aged 5-69) could use a computer on their own (Department of Census and Statistics Sri lanka, 2009.
volumes of big data calling for computer science and decision-analysis skills that are not emphasized in traditional statistical courses
computer. Voip is also known as voice-over -broadband (Vob), and includes subscriptions through fixed-wireless, DSL, cable, fibre-optic and
4. Percentage of households with a computer A computer refers to a desktop computer a laptop (portable computer or a tablet or
similar handheld computer. It does not include equipment with some embedded computing abilities, such as smart TV SETS, and devices with
telephony as a main function, such as mobile phones or smartphones. Household with a computer means that the computer is available
for use by all members of the household at any time. The computer may or may not be owned
by the household, but should be considered a household asset. 3 Data are obtained by countries through national
The Internet is a worldwide public computer network. It provides access to a number of communication services, including the
device used (not assumed to be only a computer †it may also be a mobile telephone, tablet, PDA
can be via a computer (i e. desktop computer laptop computer or tablet or similar handheld 223 Measuring the Information Society Report 2014
computer), mobile phone, games machine DIGITAL TV, etc..Access can be fixed via a or mobile network Data are obtained by countries through national
Percentage of households with a computer 0. 20 Percentage of households with Internet access 0. 20
with a computer and percentage of households with Internet access •ICT use is measured by percentage of
d Percentage of households with a computer 100 93.1 e Percentage of households with Internet access 100 92.7
z4 Percentage of households with a computer d/100 0. 20 0. 93 z5 Percentage of households with Internet access e/100 0. 20 0. 93
y4 Percentage of households with a computer z4*.*20 0. 19 y5 Percentage of households with Internet access z5*.
computer), mobile-broadband prices were collected for two different data thresholds, based on a set of rules (see Annex Box 2. 4
and b) computer-based mobile-broadband subscriptions 5. Mobile-broadband prices should be collected from the operator with the largest market share in the country, measured by the
segments (postpaid, prepaid, computer-based, handset-based; b) there is no offer available for a specific sub-basket
7. Prices should be collected for prepaid and postpaid services, for both handset and computer-based plans.
i. 1 GB for USB/dongle (computer-based) subscriptions ii. 500 MB for handset-based subscriptions
with computer Percentage of households with Internet access Economy 2012 2013 2012 2013 2012 2013 2012 2013 2012 2013
with computer Percentage of households with Internet access Economy 2012 2013 2012 2013 2012 2013 2012 2013 2012 2013
Percentage of households with computer, 2012 1) Estimated based on 2011 proportion of households with a computer and using annual growth rate of 3%.2) Preliminary
3) Refers to PC or laptop. 4) Data correspond to dwellings (not households). 5) Ghana Living Standards Survey 2012/2013
-Economic survey-2012.9) Census data. 10) Computer includes the number of personal computer, Notebook, and PDA
http://www. census. gov/hhes/computer/publications/2012. html Percentage of households with computer, 2013
1) Labour force Survey 2013.2) Cambodia Inter-censal Population Survey. 3) Refers to PC, laptop or a tablet. 4) Data
http://www. census. gov/hhes/computer/publications/2012. htm Percentage of households with Internet access, 2013
computer and Internet usage is 3 months only. 28) U s. Census bureau, Table 2: http://www. census. gov/hhes/computer
/publications/2012. htm Percentage of individuals using the Internet, 2013 1) Individuals aged 15 years and over. 2) Population age 16-74.3) Labour force Survey 2013.4) Individuals aged 6 and over
any computer literate citizen that will be able to disseminate it to the rest of the
social engineering-blogging, how to use your computer at home, how to use"social media",how to work
computers, the Internet, broadcasting technologies and telephony. The benefits are translated into improvement in efficiency and effectiveness of education at all levels and in both formal and non-formal
%A forerunner factor of using computers and the Internet in the learning process is the pupil access to these
In terms of Infrastructure, 97%of the Romanian GP practices use a computer during a patient consultation
and 65%of them use the computer to electronic storage of individual medical patient data. 7
computer for consultation purposes. Half of Romanian practices register administrative patient data and about one-third of GP practices store at least one type of medical electronic patient data.
average of around 8 hospital beds per computer, half of them used in clinical and pre-clinical fields
Computer access is currently available in around 65%-70%of public libraries in Romania, and our country
%Degree of using computer, depending on residence Number of individuals, aged between 16-74 years using the computer, depending on residence
Residence Year Variation 2007 -2011 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Total 6, 847,343 6, 719,591 7, 464,651 8, 325,674 8, 401,940 23
between the two areas of residence, due to reduction of prices of computers in recent years, migration of
Providing computers for the family practitioners The absence of a national registry of the persons who suffer
the world†s largest networks of computers and data centres for online-search results and can repurpose their technology in or
-cost home 3d manufacturing tools (3d printers, CNC †computer numeric con -trol †machines), free CAD/CAM software, like Blender, 123d or Sketchup, and
every four years, organised by the Chaos Computer Club (CCC) 11, an informal associa -tion of hackers from across Europe
The Chaos Computer Club (CCC), Europe†s largest network of hackers, is the most prominent example of grassroots commu
the club also fights for free access to computers and technological infrastructure for everybody. The latest gathering of the CCC in 2012 in Hamburg, Germany, brought together
The Chaos Computer Club (CCC) HACKERS NETWORKS 34 Growing a Digital Social Innovation Ecosystem for Europe
computer-friendly formats for anyone to download, use, and analyse, as long as the privacy and data protection of all citizens is preserved
-computer-clubs-ccc/2872403-1-ger-DE /Teilnehmer-des-29. -Jahreskongresses -29c3-des-Chaos-Computer-Clubs-CCC
jpg Accessed 29th january 2015 Page 34 http://www. e-living. net/sites/default /files/field/image/internet-of-things-2. jpg
more mainstream educational technologies such as computers, learning management systems software packages and audiovisual tools. It is only at a surface level that widespread teacher PD appears to
Computers as mindtools for schools. Merrill: NJ Jonassen, D, . & Reeves, T. C. 1996). Learning with technology:
Using computers as cognitive tools. In D. Jonassen (Ed.),Handbook of research on educational communications and technology (pp. 693
Handheld computers (PDAS) in schools. Coventry, UK: BECTA Proceedings ascilite Melbourne 2008: Full paper: Herrington 427
OECD Committee for Information, Computer and Communications Policy, Broadband driving growth: policy responses, 3 october 5
SMES3 have recognised gradually the positive impact that ICTS, such as computer terminals e-mail and the Internet and their applications can have on their business. 4 In advanced OECD countries
computer terminal, usually with Internet access. Many types of business software can improve information and knowledge management within the firm, leading to more efficient business processes and better firm
computers increases the efficiency of business processes such as documentation, data processing and other back-office functions (e g. organising incoming orders
computer-mediated networks, such as the Internet, EDI (electronic data interchange), Minitel and interactive telephone systems 10
share valuable business knowledge and experience, once entered into the office computer, simultaneously This is very different from paper records,
performance, others have shown no relation between computer use and firm performance. 5 A study of
Eurostat survey on e-commerce shows that nine out of ten SMES were equipped with computers at the end
or sales, is associated not with computer use (Bitler, 2001 12 Differences in Internet access in the 21 countries for which data are available seem to be greater
Note 3. Internet and other computer-mediated networks Source: OECD, ICT database and Eurostat, Community Survey on ICT usage in enterprises 2002, May 2003
Computers and access to the Internet have become common in most OECD countries, but sales
Taking a wide definition of electronic commerce to cover transactions over computer-mediated networks including traditional EDI) and inter-firm transactions,
and placed refer to Internet and other computer-mediated networks 4. All businesses 5. Orders received
and placed over the Internet and other computer-mediated networks Source: OECD, ICT database, August 2002;
or placed over the Internet and other computer-mediated networks Source: OECD, ICT database, August 2002;
computers with Internet access in rural farming village. The computer, typically housed in the farmer†s
house, is linked to the Internet via phone lines or, increasingly by a VSAT connection. It serves an average
The farmers can use the computer to assess daily closing prices on local markets, as well as to track global price trends
Percentage of businesses using a computer with ten or more employees 0 5 10 15
as incompatibility between systems (e g. central/computer reservation systems) and the dominance of relatively small agents and suppliers with less ICT capability may impede efficient
buy a computer, get connected and set up a Web site and reports on ICT and e-commerce
contributes to building computer and Internet literacy in SMES United kingdom Learndirect SMES are a priority group for the on-line service.
/Bitler, M. P. 2001), â€oesmall Businesses and Computers: Adoption and Performanceâ€, preliminary draft October Bricklin, D. 2001), â€oewhat†s Been Successful in B2c†(available at
"computer knowledge "Stakeholders sometimes defend a differentiated approach on the basis that the means by
equipment, including computers, smartphones or other devices connected to the internet Users should be able to know
they can infect computers with viruses and the illegal offer of pharmaceuticals affects consumer confidence and threatens
Today, with the availability of adequate computer support for reading text, books have become services
computer that remotely communicates with the Smart Office application server, which runs local Linksmart middle ware and the Nosql system
Conference on Advances in Computer-Human Interactions, Valencia, Spain, January 2012 12) IS°FDIS 9241-210 (2009.
IEEE Computer Society WASHINGTON DC, USA, 254-259. DOI=10.1109 /ICSS. 2013.35 http://dx. doi. org/10.1109/ICSS. 2013.35
-chip, the company†s smallest computer. The fact that this chip is so small means it can be inte
•Computer skills as query languages, database design, mining and interactive data analysis scripting or programming languages, expert
enable digital components (including small computers and electronics to be embedded in them. Many intelligent clothing, smart clothing, wearable technology
Overtext Web Module V3.0 Alpha
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