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Synopsis: Education: School: School life: Graduation:

It must be focused on graduates and must assert an overall view of its actions according to the results

Germany Janina is Graduate Research Assistant at University of Bamberg, Department of Information systems and Services.

and Double the number of Phd graduates in science, engineering and technology to nearly one thousand per annum by 2013.

and Double the number of Phd graduates in science, engineering and technology to nearly one thousand per annum by 2013.

and facilitating partnerships and projects between businesses, higher education institutions and graduates. Innovation in Ireland 2008 9 Innovation in Ireland 2008 10 Initiatives stimulating research by industry We are encouraging the exploitation of research by industry through several other initiatives:

†publications/reports, informal interaction, public meetings or conferences, contract research, consulting, joint or cooperative research, patents, personnel exchange, licenses, recently hired graduates

and only apply in the case of projects that clearly demonstrate a potential to graduate to Enterprise Ireland

Higher education Institutes which includes Public Research Organisations •Provide a source of graduates and postgraduates. •Offer a portal to the global pool of academics and stock of knowledge. •Provide a source of partners for proprietary innovation projects. •Offer a source of IP,

in order to build high potential startups with export potential based on their graduate research. 17. Local Enterprise Offices should work directly with immigrant organisations,

During the late 70s and 80s, a significant proportion of the third level graduates from engineering and science courses emigrated to join multinationals in mainland Europe and North america.

This stimulated some graduates to set up businesses in these areas. •Skilled Graduate Pool. Companies in the 80s and 90s had a steady stream of high quality technical graduates from engineering

and science disciplines ready and willing to work in exciting new startups. •The irish Trade Board.

We have exported many skilled graduates, there has been a significant increase in the uptake of STEM-related courses at third level

While universities†primary focus and strength in supporting entrepreneurship is to provide/develop graduates they also have a strong role to play in leveraging their research developments to create new startups.

As an example, throughout the general population of all ages, second level graduates have an unemployment rate of 23%and third level graduates have an unemployment rate of 13%29.

Furthermore, graduates seeking work experience are excluded from participating in the Jobbridge Programme if they already have part-time evening or weekend employment.

These have proven to be helpful to graduates, giving them the real work experience that is generally sought by employers.

We believe Ireland should encourage these graduates to stay in Ireland and commercialise their research here.

and graduates to have easier access to visas. This campaign endeavors to establish Ireland as the top destination for English-speaking tech talent.

Easier access to holiday visas and encouraging Chinese graduates studying in Ireland, as well as allowing Irish companies greater access to the Chinese economy,

in order to build high potential startups with export potential based on their graduate research. 17. Local Enterprise Offices should work directly with immigrant organisations

A new targeted programme to encourage entrepreneurship among graduates was launched by Enterprise Ireland in May 2014.

The main purpose of the Graduate Competitive Start Fund is to provide up to 15 graduates with the critical early stage funding to enable them to reach key commercial and technical objectives that will in turn ensure delivery of their product

DJEI, EI, EEN Ireland, D/AHG) Launch six Competitive Start Funds in 2014, including schemes targeted specifically towards female entrepreneurs, the aviation and manufacturing sectors and, for the first time, towards graduates.

We will increase higher education ICT graduates by 60 per cent between 2015 and 2018, commensurate with resourcing, meeting 74 per cent of demand through domestic supply in 2018.

We will target 13,800 annual science, technology, engineering and maths graduates by 2018 (up from 10

and increase the numbers of graduates on the International Growth programme. We will sustain a focus on monitoring

ï§Introduce a new Graduate Development Programme with a target of 10 graduates into the Food SME sector;

ï§Target 13,800 annual science, technology, engineering and maths graduates by 2018 (up from 10,200 in 2011;

and work. ï§60 per cent increase in higher education ICT graduates, meeting 74 per cent of demand through domestic supply in 2018.

Provide 1, 250 extra ICT places for students in 2015. ï§Target 13,800 annual science, technology, engineering and maths graduates by 2018 (up from 10,200 in 2011.

Since 2008, there has been a 50 per cent increase in annual graduate output on ICT programmes from the higher education system.

We will increase higher education ICT graduates by 60 per cent between 2015 and 2018 commensurate with resourcing.

We will also target 13,800 annual science, technology, engineering and maths graduates by 2018 (up from 10

There are strong employment rates for graduates of these programmes (67 per cent of graduates in employment within 6 months),

Irish Research Council) 11 Continue to implement the pilot phase of the Post Graduate programme of Professional Practice to provide graduates with opportunities to develop cross disciplinary skills in STEM based sectors with enhanced engagement

by employers to progress graduates to employment. HEA, HEIS, Employers) 12 Increase the pool of researchers strongly positioned to take up employment in industry in Ireland.

EI) 254 Embed graduates in international markets for Enterprise Ireland clients to help them to internationalise

and grow their business in new or existing markets through the Graduates 4 International Growth Programme (G4ig).(

and graduates increasingly cite a company†s CSR policy as a factor in determining their employer of choice.

EI) 2015 ACTION PLAN FOR JOBS 117 296 Enterprise Ireland to introduce a new Graduate Development Programme with a target of 10 graduates into the Food SME sector to improve company

of which will be FDI projects ï§Introduce a new Graduate Development Programme with a target of 10 graduates into the Food SME sector ï§Construct new social housing units ï§Intake

, engineering and maths graduates by 2018 (up from 10,200 in 2011) ï§Target for 30%of students to take 2. 1-National Talent Drive 3. 2 Domestic supply meeting demand for high-end

Germany†s Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) in its latest report on the country†s technological performance expects a shortfall of 335,000 university graduates,

. While countries such as China and India are producing a large number of S&t graduates. In China, 61%of undergraduates are studying for a science or engineering degree.

are able to produce world-class graduates. In fact, 3 of the top-5 Asian schools for S&t are located in India (EIU, 2004.

With 14 million young university graduates (with seven years or less of work experience) India†s talent pool is estimated to be the largest worldwide, overlapping Chinese talent pool by 50%and that of the USA

G#3v 3953 Graduation 0#4#graduate Graduation 0#4#graduation Graduation G#3v 3954 Learner

0#4#learner Learner G#3v 3955 Literacy 0#4#literacy Literacy G#3v 3956 Playground

0#4#playground Playground G#3v 3957 Pupil 0#4#pupil Pupil G#3v 3958 Scholarship

recognisingâ thatâ businessâ knowledgeâ isâ aâ relevantâ assetâ forâ graduates.   Theâ Jointâ Technologyâ Initiativesâ areâ anotherâ †lowâ hangingâ fruitâ€.

as a desirable career path upon graduation and when entering the job market. Changing mind -set and aspirations towards entrepreneurship are crucial to achieving this

gives university graduates with promising business ideas the opportunity to start a business supported by corporate mentoring,

Statistics on the number of ICT graduates in the EU are showing that, though their number

ï§Increasing the number of higher education graduates ï§Improving the quality and relevance of teaching and researcher training,

graduates with the knowledge and core transferable competences they need to succeed in high-skill occupations

graduates in companies which apply digital applications in order to transfer the know -how to setup entrepreneurial activities in other EU countries (e g. the country of origin

prerequisite for graduates with a good †match†to the evolving needs of the labour market

and graduates to start a digital start-up Initiate a pilot program to work with large companies to encourage students and/or graduates

to acquire and demonstrate e-leadership skills and found a digital start-up, paying some of

and graduates alternatives to the classic route (i e. working at †traditional†companies ï§Encourage higher education to invite start-ups and entrepreneurs to career fairs

ï§Invite †icon companies†to jointly provide funding schemes for graduates willing to start-up their own company when graduating

steps†of recent graduates or young potential entrepreneurs can boost entrepreneurship. The role of universities and colleges, on the one hand,

willing to hire non-European highly skilled employees and non-European graduates from European universities with advanced degrees in science, technology, engineering or

environment of potential entrepreneurs or young talented graduates who do not necessarily have a full †picture†of the available options

9 Encourage students and graduates to start adigital start-up 10 Europe Entrepreneurial Visa Act 11 Relax the visa requirements applied to highlyskilled individuals

graduates to start a digital start-up Initiate a pilot program to work with large companies to encourage students and/or

graduates to acquire and demonstrate e-leadership skills and found a digital start-up paying some of those

and about 50%of them are graduates of different disciplines with a strong contingent of engineering designers

level since the mid-1990s) and few graduates entrepreneurs undertake even basic courses on design processes

also not producing graduates with adequate practical experience The main conclusions from the interviews were focused around

encouraging more graduates to become job creators, not job seekers ITU has a long history in helping young people to become entrepreneurs and launch ICT careers.

university graduates. On the other hand, there is high and unmet demand for technicians of all skills levels and for skilled blue-collar workers. †46 The region has high numbers of university graduates in fields highly

desired by employers today, like science, technology, and math. 47 This mismatch is demonstrated in surveys indicating high rates of employer dissatisfaction with the availability of skilled workers, 40 per

knowledge economy. 74 This industry offers a good salary, career development opportunities for graduates and professionals,

In cases where ICT students graduate with the skills to be developers, most of these students lack the

QA Apprenticeships and Cisco Apprenticeship to offer high school graduates three-year apprenticeship opportunities with CISCO. 199 In Jordan the Ministry of Social Development is responsible for a programme

even though more and more of their graduates hunger for a greater sense of purpose and a growing number are drawn to

Under the programme, recent graduates and young professionals spend two years working on various projects, building

per week of world-class training, delivered by prestigious graduate employers, business schools, think tanks, sector leaders and others

-graduates applying to study Computer science. Upton has hypothesised that this drop in skills and interest was related to disappearance of open

-tion, and high levels of trust built through common graduate academic programmes and preexisting professional networks such as the Interna

-graduates applying to study Computer science. Upton has hypothesised that this drop in skills and interest was related to disappearance of open

-tion, and high levels of trust built through common graduate academic programmes and preexisting professional networks such as the Interna

graduates trained in software programming, network design and other technical aptitudes, and these are well represented in IT departments throughout

with better labour market prospects for graduates, some of the literature has forecast a potential effect to

hysteresis and heterogeneity in the market for college graduates. †NBER Working Paper No 12159

recruitment of university graduates and skilled personnel; awareness of new ideas and technologies; and incentives and institutional frameworks for improving collaborations within networks and clusters, including

â'They need help recruiting university graduates and other skilled personnel â'They need to be made aware of new ideas and technologies

which offers young college graduates financial support for their graduate work at top international universities, on the condition that they return to the region

to work for at least four years. By 2009 the program had funded about 500 young Andalusians and

In particular, the share of university graduates has shrunk significantly by 3 percentage points, from 14.7%in 1998 to 11.7%in 2009, whereas vocational

entrepreneurship programmes aimed at specific social groups (e g. women, youth, university graduates disadvantaged people, etc. emerging and strategic industries (e g. technology-based firms, creative industries

college graduates constitute 29%of the employed population in Andalusia, but just 15%of the unemployed (Laurent, Periã¡

regional government offers young college graduates financial support for their graduate work at top international universities, on the condition that they return to the region to work for four years.

school, high school graduates, or older students with some college education or a degree ï Vocational training for employment (Formaciã n Profesional para el Empleo or FPE) serves

quality education in business and entrepreneurship and even more so at the graduate level. Economics and business administration departments in public universities are disconnected often from the local

graduates of the youth program Though too recent to evaluate systematically, local stakeholders argue that the Partnership has

through the provision of skilled graduates who become key players in local industry; through the conduct of long-term fundamental research that

and recent graduates provide †fresh eyesâ€: †new ideas, new minds younger talent in the companyâ€.

graduates well trained within the university, they also come with practical experience gained through co-op placements, both in local firms and in firms all over North america.

New graduate jobs per incubator p. a. 41 jobs 7 to 197 NA Cost per job (gross) â 4, 400 â 124 to â 29,600 â 4, 000 to â 8, 000

most are recent graduates from an engineering or science background who might have the technical competences

have produced generations of well-trained graduates to service the life sciences labour market: indeed Scotland produces a proportionately larger number of graduates from its universities than other parts

of the UK. The public health service has also been an important consumer for new and innovative

Consequently the loss of Scottish graduates to other places need not be a problem, and as many return to Scotland later in their careers, can be seen as an important part of

College graduates make up 29%of the employed population in the region, but only 15%of the unemployed.

research contracts, collaborative research, training of human resources and supervision of graduates are also important modes of knowledge transfer that OTRIS should consider more than has done so far

S&e graduates grew by 51%from 2 430 000 in 2000 to 3 679 000 in 2010.

and engineering graduates, the largest increase of the world share has been among the BRIS countries and in other

1) Tertiary graduates in science and engineering ii) Other Developed Asian Economies does not include SG and TW

World share of S&e graduates, researchers, GERD, high-impact publications and patent applications, 2000 and latest year

Science and technology graduates from tertiary education (ISCED 5 and 6)( 1 Participation in global R&d â€%shares

while 1, 200 graduates leave higher education per year. In comparison, the closely related sector of IT and software employs 14,000 people with 2, 200

graduates annually (Innova, 2008 The micro-and nanoelectronic field as one activity in the Grenoble cluster is also related to a

institutions helping to ensure the production of well-trained graduates (OCRI, 2006 Short history of micro-and nanoelectronics in the Ontario region

third of all Masters and Ph d. graduates in electrical engineering and computer science from Canadian universities. This concentration is even more visible in the telecommunications

graduates and ex-employees of large companies that start their own company Capabilities World leading scientists on biotechnology

Interactions between well trained graduates, returning graduates (from abroad), academic entrepreneurs, firm employees, government representatives and strategic investors have

Taijia New Material Science and Technology Co. Funded by returning graduates from abroad it is now a Sino-China joint venture specialised in the manufacturing of composite materials

over the last decades, leading to a lower number of graduates and researchers in some fields

 graduates  emerging  from  a  degree  course  that  has

 graduates  and  skilled  employees  •Networking/partnering  organisations  â€

 graduates  from  engineering  to  film  special  effects  and

 graduates  choosing  to  stay  local  and  create  their

 graduates  In  addition  to  the  dominant  local  financial

This also applies to the recruitment of graduates by ï rms, which is probably one of the main mechanisms for making money from fundamental research 54.

Post graduate Management, Otto -Friedrich-University Bamberg 2002 †2006 Consultant, Centrum fã r betriebliche

-at a national level, launch a new Innovation Graduate Placement Programme to ramp up the number of innovation projects within companies.

Retention of Graduates: The retention rate of graduates within counties (i e. the percentage of graduates from a given county that have employment within that county) is an

indicator of the availability of relevant employment for graduates Graduates originating from County Dublin generally find employment in this county (94

percent); ) Cork also demonstrates high rates of retention of employed graduates at 67 percent as does Galway with 57 percent.

As these counties contain major urban centres this would be expected. In general, graduates who originate from other counties do not commonly

find employment in their home county The average retention rate for each county is 34 percent (outside of Dublin,

the average is 32 percent). ) Waterford and Wexford have retention rates of 39 percent and 38 percent

respectively, slightly above the national average. Carlow, Kilkenny and Tipperary have low retention rates by comparison.

In summary, most graduates from the South East counties, as with most other counties, find employment outside of their county of origin, with the main

urban areas of Dublin, Cork, Galway and Limerick retaining the majority of graduates from those counties

development to ensure a steady supply of appropriately skilled graduates The region has built also a strong cohort of relatively large contact centre operations

retention of graduates with such skills and perhaps reduced interest in acquiring language skills. A focus on innovative ways to promote language training

 The HEIS in the region are preparing graduates for careers in digital media and games

companies transition into higher order activities, the ability to attract graduates and to offer career progression opportunities will become an even greater challenge62

environment to foster graduates of distinction who are ready to take a leadership role in

In terms of output by discipline, in 2010, there were 700 SET graduates with ordinary and honours degrees (levels 7&8), 120 SET Masters graduates and 5 SET Phd graduates from WIT

In HSS disciplines WIT, had 234 Masters graduates and 896 ordinary/honours degree graduates in 2010.

Preliminary figures for the 2010/2011 academic year are of a total of 4, 128 enrolments for honours degrees (Level 8),

-at a national level, launch a new Innovation Graduate Placement Programme to ramp up the number of innovation projects within companies.

Table A12 Retention of graduates within the region, class of 2008 (county of origin and

HEA (2010) What do graduates do? Class of 2008 90 Table A13 Distribution of Employment in the South East Region and State by Occupational

ï§Given that much research indicates that companies consider graduates would benefit from increased industry placements during their graduate programme, the current

42 The IBEC coordinated Export Orientation Programme (EOP) Graduate Placement Programme indicates the potential in collaborative approaches between industry and the enterprise agencies in this area

development to ensure a steady supply of appropriately skilled graduates The region has built also a strong cohort of relatively large contact centre operations

graduates with such skills and perhaps reduced interest in acquiring language skills. A focus on innovative ways to promote language training

Low levels of educational attainment, both at leaving certificate and graduate level compared to other regions

and in adjacent regions) in producing graduates with enterprise focused skills, oriented towards sectors which are growing

Alongside the need to produce industry oriented graduates will be the requirement to retrain workers whose skill sets are less in demand.

These course graduates, so to speak, were still active participants in the class as mentors to current students.

graduates in innovative businesses. They can also host incubators for spin-offs in science and technology parks

graduates have the right skills and transversal competences. By having businesses cooperating with the educational side of Universities, talent attraction and

innovative way, fostering graduates with regional relevant competences and with transversal skills including entrepreneurial attitude

train community members in Kwa-Dukuza. 75%of the program†s graduates go on to further education or

wages or first year salaries for graduates that obtain jobs. Programs like this are common in mature markets as

schools†computer networks, they were also able to leverage those skills in the job market after graduation

as once graduates go out into the working world, they are likely to purchase the Cisco systems

economies frequently forced graduates to relocate to find work. Fifty-nine percent, almost all of those that

She is a graduate of Yale university and Harvard†s Kennedy School of Government Robert S. Katz is a Research Analyst with the Markets and Enterprise Program of the World Resources Institute.

and graduates from schools, both very important mech -anisms of knowledge transfer to firms. While these are

policies geared at retaining skilled graduates within a region or at educating them as in the

To help develop the next generation of Australian innovators and job-ready graduates, the Government will trial the establishment of an innovative approach to education,

partnerships, with graduates typically offered a position with the sponsoring business before other candidates (Governor of New york, 2013;

-novation and knowledge via talented graduates from Universities to business, involving businesses and academics or researchers that work together on commercially and strategically important devel

-tise through academic staff and graduates with the aim to facilitate innovation South East Development Agency:

country†s technological performance expects a shortfall of 335,000 university graduates including 59,000 engineers, in year 2014.

countries such as China and India are producing a large number of S&t graduates. In China, 61%of undergraduates are studying for a science or engineering degree.

graduates. In fact, 3 of the top-5 Asian schools for S&t are located in India (EIU, 2004

university graduates (with seven years or less of work experience) India†s talent pool is

recruitment of university graduates and skilled personnel; awareness of new ideas and technologies; and incentives and institutional frameworks for improving collaborations within networks and clusters, including

â'They need help recruiting university graduates and other skilled personnel â'They need to be made aware of new ideas and technologies

He is a graduate from the National Institute of Polytechnics in Grenoble with a Master†s degree

Unlocking Cornish Potential-Graduates for Cornwall†s businesses. Similarly to Innovation assistant, it aims at promoting the employment of recently graduated staff in SMES with no or little

professionals and recent university graduates as innovation assistants in companies, with responsibilities for the development of innovation processes.

Employment of young graduates in innovation projects within SMES Innovation Systems awareness raising, tutoring and consultancy for SMES;

graduates have the right skills and transversal competences required by the market (EC-IPTS (2011)).

participating in schemes promoting the training and placement of high level graduates in innovative businesses; iv

strongly influential in vehicle styling, with many British designers and graduates from British institutions directly employed by vehicle manufacturers around the globe.

to encourage SMES to employ recent university graduates in order to strengthen their technological and innovation capacities.

graduates) who have the ambition to start their own business; and iii) cluster development services †most important the building up (incl. soft facilitation of cooperation) of the Centre of

might be as little as two new Phd graduates per year. As a small country, it is unlikely that Estonia solves

Are people (incl. young people, university graduates, etc. keen to start up their own business or do they rather prefer jobs in established enterprises or public

graduates/engineers/professors moving easily between universities and firms and back? Do universities train scholars and graduates to become entrepreneurs

•Does current academic education fit to the needs of the regional economy †do regional

employers absorb graduates or are forced graduates to look elsewhere INNOVATION-DRIVEN GROWTH IN REGIONS: THE ROLE OF SMART SPECIALISATION

 OECD 2013 197 •How many permanent/temporary international research fellows, professors, and students do work

university graduates are trained not in market-oriented industrial design. 2) Number of departments. Having marketing,

graduates joined him. What changed The first change is that the ease of doing business improved.

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