Chemical compounds

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Carbon (192)
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Synopsis: Chemistry & chemical compounds: Chemical compounds:

Larsson's plan involves harnessing the metabolic powers of a sand-particle-fixing species of bacteria to produce sandstone

and release oxygen molecules in the cold. Scientists could go one step further and test woolly mammoth red blood cells made from ips cells,

they achieved a 20%increase in tobacco plants after adding a single cyanobacteria gene called inorganic carbon transporter B (Ictb.

The 118 chemical elements, from hydrogen to ununoctium, came alive in vivid images that could be rotated with a swipe of the finger.

Efforts to curb forest loss around the world as a means of cutting carbon emissions just got a boost:

and sequestering substantial quantities of atmospheric carbon in new plant growth and reactivated soils. Surely this is a perfect example of the potential power of human and technological collaboration.

Critical to the growth of this mobile device market is the global supply of rare earth metals,

forming new compounds, and building a layer-by-layer aesthetically pleasing menu item with perfect texture and shape.

because the technology is shrinking in size until it reaches the particle size of dust.

the physical and chemical transformation of these ingredients into new compounds; and finally their modeling into aesthetically pleasing and delectable textures and shapes.

the robotic chef handles the physical and chemical transformation of these ingredients into new compounds

Philips food printer Philips Food Creation#device has been inspired by the so-called molecular gastronomists. These are chefs who deconstruct food

a 3d molecular food printer that relies on the experimental molecular cooking technology. New designs for printed food The Molã culaire is based on the same layer-by-layer printing technique that arranges small particles from a set of ingredients.

Within minutes, it prints out three-dimensional desserts, complex structures, shapes for molecular dishes, and patterns for decorating a meal.

Virtually limitless food presentation styles and techniques According to Yanko Design, you simply insert a blister pack into the reservoir, place Molã culaire on top of a plate,

There is no such thing as a pork molecule#The labels we use today to describe our diets, labels such as vegetarian, Kosher, glucose free, vegan,

and lactose intolerant, will be replaced with new terminology as we determine, on a molecular level, which foods our body has a positive reaction to.

There are no such things as a pig molecules, or a fish molecules, or a wheat molecules.

We have other types of molecules that make up plants and animals, but on the molecular level there is no such thing as vegetarian and non-vegetarian molecules.

So in the future, will you be asking your spouse to go to the store and pick up a new kiwi and eggplant cartridge so you can print dinner tonight?

Those days may be coming sooner than you think. By Futurist Thomas Frey Author of Communicating with the Future#-the book that changes everything Via Futuristspeaker. com Share Thissubscribedel. icio. usfacebookredditstumbleupontechnorati c

#Tapping into the Secret Language of Plants Futurist Thomas Frey: Over that past week I ve had the great honor of working with both the good people at the North dakota Bankers Association in Bismarck, ND and the good people at Rabobank in Napa,

These smart dust#particles, as he called them, could be used to monitor everything. Acting like electronic nerve endings for the planet

For example, researcher and app developer Foodpairing has broken down flavor to its molecular components and has compiled databases that can match the flavor of those ingredients against other completely different ingredients.

#This understanding of the chemical elements of food could help people get healthier by subbing in something that tastes like milk chocolate

and Carbon-fiber Frames Plastic frames were tried back in the 90s, but they were too heavy.

But there are already planes in the air#made mostly of carbon fiber#that solve this problem. Carbon fiber is markedly stronger by weight than the aluminum used for most existing planes,

which means that the interior air pressure can be adjusted to more comfortable levels without the risk of damaging the fuselage.

but carbon fiber doesn t rust. That will allow a new system to maintain humidity at a more comfortable 15 percent (up from around 5 to 10 percent.

a psychiatrist and former British drug czar, has identified six compounds similar to benzodiazepines#a broad class of psychoactive drugs#that won t get you rip-roaring drunk

A Blood test for Depression This year, Eva Redei, a professor at Northwestern s Feinberg School of medicine, published a paper that identified molecules in the blood that correlated to major depression in a small group of teenagers.

Shown above is the Ion Protonsequencer, the first benchtop sequencer to offer fast (under 8 hours), affordable (under $1,

It can be made more wholesome as production can be controlled at the molecular level phasing out the crude genetic modification.

#And a few yards away in the laboratory, robotic arms mix together some compounds to produce the desired cells.

The algae produces a chemical compound which is converted by the coral into its own UV-blocking sunscreen,

if the compound can be isolated, it could potentially be modified into a human oral sunscreen that would protect both the skin and the eyes.

That s the breadth of a mechanical pencil lead. It represents a huge engineering challenge, Powell said,

Epigenetic regulation refers to the turning on and off of genes by molecules not the genes themselves.

For example, a series of cloned mice were shown to express an RNA molecule that inactivated one of the female s X chromosomes.

When the RNA molecule was removed cloning efficiency of the mice increased nearly ninefold. Based on previous work, the Japanese researchers sought to improve their cloning efficiency by using a chemical called trichostatin A that inhibits the powerful epigenetic protein histone deacetylase.

Bacteria that uses a tiny molecular machine to kill attacking viruses could change the way that scientists edit the DNA of plants,

they found that the bacteria combined Cas9 with genetic material to create#oehoming molecules#that attack viruses.

Bacteria, like human beings and almost every other living thing, keeps its genetic code in a library of DNA molecules.

the organism copies the DNA into a related molecule called RNA. Cas9 can be paired with an RNA transcript to target a matching DNA sequence

and how will achieving this milestone for ultra tiny storage particle change the tech industry?

Molecular Gastronomists 130. Bio-Meat Factory Engineers 131. Supply Chain Optimizers 132. Urban Agriculturalists Why ship food all the way around the world when it can be grown next door 133.

210000 Workers to Cut Carbon Pollution. The views expressed are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of the publisher.

#Cold war Nuclear Radiation Creates Anti-Poaching Tool (ISNS)--Radioactive carbon atoms created during 20th-century nuclear bomb tests could help save elephants

and other endangered species. A new study published in this week's issue of the journal of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences shows that carbon-14 a radioactive version of the common carbon atom can be used to determine

Nuclear bomb testing Carbon-14 is produced naturally by cosmic rays interacting with atoms in the Earth's atmosphere.

But in the 1950s and 1960s the United states and the former Soviet union conducted hundreds of aboveground nuclear bomb tests that nearly doubled the concentration of carbon-14 in the atmosphere.

and since then the concentration of carbon-14 has been steadily declining as natural processes remove it from the atmosphere.

and animals in the food chain absorb the carbon atoms explained study coauthor Thure Cerling a geochemist at the University of Utah.

An atomic time marker Scientists figured out long ago that by measuring the concentration of carbon-14 in tissue

and comparing it to recorded levels of atmospheric carbon-14 they could determine when that tissue formed.

The margin of error for the most recent years will increase as the carbon-14 concentration returns to their natural background levels.

or bone because those tissues continue to incorporate carbon over time Uno explained. What you really want is tissue that locks in the carbon as it grows

and is touched never again. That's why hair and horn and teeth and tusks are such good targets

Currently the radiocarbon test costs about $500 and takes about one month to complete. Uno estimates the technique should work for dating new tissue for the next 15 years or so by

which time carbon-14 is expected to drop to natural levels. In addition to helping combat poaching Cerling

what the animal was eating by adding data from stable carbon isotopes. Potential uses Samuel Wasser a conservation biologist at the University of Washington who did not participate in the study said the new study is a very important development

Some of the colors in stained-glass windows at cathedrals like Notre dame are produced by the plasmons in tiny particles of gold reflecting light

and'60s spread a radioactive variety of carbon worldwide which was picked up by plants during photosynthesis

By looking at the levels of this carbon isotope known as carbon-14 in elephant tusks and ivory researchers can find out how old they are.

Isotopes are versions of elements that have differing numbers of neutrons in their nuclei. Knowing the age of elephant tusks is important

A critical tool Atmospheric bomb testing caused a spike in carbon-14 that has declined slowly in the past 50 years.

By measuring the concentration of this type of carbon researchers are given two possible dates for the age of the sample before and after the spike on the curve of carbon-14 concentrations.

which are tiny organs within cells that convert the molecules in the food we eat into chemical energy the cell can use.

Our research at the Centre of Excellence for Postharvest Biotechnology at Nottingham University s Malaysia Campus is making these natural products into nano-forms or submicron particles to control postharvest diseases.

PHA is a biodegradable polyester that is produced naturally inside some bacteria under the conditions of excess carbon and limited nutrient availability.

and to accept a carbon source of corn-based sugar. The microorganisms feed on the plant-derived sugars and produce PHA.

Mango Materials'process uses bacteria grown in fermenters to transform methane and oxygen along with added nutrients (to supply excess carbon) into PHA.

Other processes use sugar as a carbon feedstock whereas Mango Materials uses waste methane which is considerably less expensive than sugar.

arguing that direct regulation would be faster and cheaper than using carbon markets under a global climate treaty.

HFCS could also be dealt with in a global carbon market; the problem is that, because many are thousands of times more potent than CO2,

when HFCS are wrapped into the carbon market. He illustrates with the following scenario: a US$25-per-tonne price on carbon equates to $150 for the cost of the HFCS that go into an average home air conditioner,

which translates into a $450 to $600 price bump for consumers. By contrast, the Lieberman-Warner climate legislation introduced in the US Senate last year proposed a stricter phase-down for HFCS than for other greenhouse gases,

He worries that the carbon market will be too slow to spur the kind of technological transformations that will be necessary to avoid the worst that global warming has to offer.

& the Press News maker Large Hadron Collider Physicists last week injected particles into the accelerator for the first time

In another, climate policies result in a world full of forest plantations that are created solely to store the greatest possible amount of carbon, with no regard for preserving biodiversity.

The term geoengineering covers everything from mundane methods for increasing carbon storage in plants soils

Keith is developing a method to use aircraft to release fine sulphur particles that will stay aloft for years in the stratosphere.

to hunt for the elusive Higgs particle at the collider's current collision energies. The plan is likely to be agreed by CERN's management and council in January.

In the late 1980s, he developed electrospray ionization, a way to gently separate clumped proteins into a fine spray of individual molecules.

were developed by start-up firm Ion Torrent in Guilford, Connecticut, which was bought by Life Technologies in August.

foreign genes can be fired into plant cells on metal particles shot from a'gene gun'.

and particle bombardment is less predictable, often yielding multiple, fragmented insertions of the new gene.

but it is most effective with very fine particles of gold  and Madre de dios tends to yield larger, coarser grains.

What is your position on cap-and-trade, carbon taxes, and other policies proposed to address global climate change

So I oppose steps like a carbon tax or a cap-and-trade system that would handicap the American economy

In 2006, scientists at Agresearch in Hamilton, New zealand began to experiment with molecules that interfere with the MESSENGER RNA go-between that enables translation of a gene into protein.

says Stefan Wagner, a molecular biologist at Agresearch. That's why it has taken so long to succeed in making an allergen-free cow,

and leaves no mark in the genome, says Bruce Whitelaw, a molecular biologist at the Roslin Institute near Edinburgh in the United kingdom,

by using specialist enzymes to break down the long-chain cellulose molecules and Brazil doesn t want to be left behind.

But scientists and environmentalists are pushing for an expanded effort to nurture low-carbon technologies.

and development that could drive down the cost of large-scale, low-carbon energy, and ultimately make a carbon tax or a cap-and-trade agreement politically palatable.

The President s Council of Advisors on Science and Technology has recommended increasing spending on energy research and development from around US$4 billion per year to $16 billion,

Thomson Reuters Point Carbonprices for allowances to emit a tonne of carbon dioxide on Europe s carbon-trading market are likely to remain low until 2020,

This means that the market is unlikely to spur investment in low-carbon energy, one of the scheme s key goals when it was launched in 2005.

according to Carbon Tracker, even though burning them would cause a catastrophic rise in global temperatures. 24-25 april On World Malaria Day (25 april),

Also they periodically hand the vehicle back to the carbon based life form. I don't disagree with the approach I'm just saying that many things are yet to be proven.

As for the free carbon acidifying the ocean why would that be worrying? The acidity is neutralized by the dissolution of Calcium

and coral is beneficial to other species (note that the era where cartiledge fish like sharks developed was a high free carbon era

Likewise when that carbon is needed that calcium will be freed up once again. The fact that so much of the world is covered with (A) limestone

or animal that has been modified genetically through the addition of a small amount of genetic material from other organisms through molecular techniques.

A molecule on one cell causes a receptor protein on the cell membrane to change shape tugging on the cytoskeleton of a second cell.

In April Olguin's team released Project Cyborg a Web-based platform geared toward nanoscale molecular modeling and simulations for cellular biology.

it's out there combating climate change a few carbon emissions at a time. When beavers build a dam impeding the natural flow of water the river begins to overflow more often creating a sediment-rich wetland area known as a beaver meadow.

A new study from Colorado State university geology professor Ellen Wohl finds that these beaver meadows store carbon temporarily sequestering greenhouse gases from the atmosphere.

With reductions in the beaver population we're missing out on a whole lot of potential carbon storage.

Wohl found that the abandoned beaver dams she studied made up around 8 percent of the carbon storage in the landscape

Squirreling away our carbon log by log. The study appears in Geophysical Research Letters. Science via Phys. org Considering we're at a critical carbon deficit right now it's about time to start wiping these pudgy menaces out for good!

I'm a little skeptical about this study. I have a hard time believing that cutting down trees

and burying them in water will have a net negative impact on the level of carbon in the area.

You're reducing a carbon sync AND anaerobic decomposition as you would get with buried plant matter would produce methane which is a much more potent greenhouse gas than CO2.

but I'd bet there is a net increase of atmospheric carbon. Cute Beaver and interesting article too.

Critical carbon deficit? WTF are you talking about?@@Frosttty for most of the history of the world we have had significantly more atmospheric carbon than we do now.

Most of it has already been buried. Atmospheric carbon has been falling since the late Jurassic when it was about 2500 ppm vs today's 400 ppm.

Considering the climate stabilizing properties of greenhouse gasses and the importance of CO2 to life On earth we need to do everything we can to prevent carbon sequestration

if we desire a healthy planet. As a retired Department of Environmental Quality Employee and an owner of timber land this is a stupid article on environmentalism gone crazy in past history.

Reading some of these comments it's clear that it's not enough that beavers sequester carbon raise the water table augment the density

a rougue molecular cloud wandering into the Solar system. If it's a smallish one-maybe just a few times bigger than the heliosphere-we might not even see it coming until it was almost here.

The right amount of sodium ions present at a wound site allows for regenerative effects similar to those found in a Salamander.

TAG ANY 9-11 FEDERALASTRONAUTAND RFEDERAL MAJOR NUCLEAR ATOM BUSTER HANS BLIX! AND ANY 9-11 FISSION SCIENTIST!

TAG ANY 9-11 FEDERALASTRONAUTAND RFEDERAL MAJOR NUCLEAR ATOM BUSTER HANS BLIX! AND ANY 9-11 FISSION SCIENTIST!

Eliminating carbon would have such a negative economic effect that even a bubble-headed columnist in New york city will notice a personal drop in standard of living.

You're too worried about your carbon foot print. And who cares? My SUV and the pollution of U s is compared nothing to the pollution output of Africa China Russia India

or a newspaper you are sequestering carbon. Ever time a hose is bulldozed and dumped in a landfill your sequestering carbon.

Old growth forests are not the source for these products wood is most commonly a farmed product. www. popsci. com/science/article/2013-04/solar-panels-now-make-more-electricity-they-use@adaptation. It was my understanding that solar panels only pay themselves off in a short period of time

As far as AGW proponents are concerned that means extra carbon burned in order to produce this non-carbon energy source.

After 30+years of this stuff the solar panels are just starting to break even on that front.

and Atmospheric Carbon Dioxidehttp://www. sciencedaily. com/releases/2013/04/130422154919. htmthese are opinion pieces not data sites.

We pump Billions of tons of carbon into the air annually and you don't think that'll have an effect?

You don't seem to realize that there are only TWO events in all of history that actually spread any significant amount of radioactive particles into the atmosphere from nuclear reactors-Chernobyl

By contrast coal-fired power plants release higher quantities of radioactive isotopes directly into the atmosphere than even the oldest nuclear reactors ever did.

Radioactive particles especially Plutonium Strontium and Cesium are bioaccumulative extremely persistent and highly toxic. They travel long distances

and the nuke plants that create those isotopes or the ones that were built specifically for safer power generation

instead in the amount of radioactive carbon trapped in the annual growth rings of some of the world's oldest trees.

Carbon's key radioactive isotope carbon-14 forms when energetic particles enter Earth's atmosphere

and collide with nitrogen atoms. Since trees take in both carbon-14 and its stable relative carbon-12 the relative levels of carbon-14 in their growth rings give scientists a way of measuring the amount of high-energy particles entering Earth's atmosphere in a given year.

When analyzing two ancient Japanese cedars last year the scientists found that the amount of carbon-14 present in their 775 AD growth rings was shockingly large.

It's normal for levels of carbon-14 to fluctuate--they rise and fall on an 11-year cycle with the waxing and waning of solar flares.

But for the entire 3000-year record there are no other spikes as steep as the one in 775.

So what could have caused the massive burst of radiation and the high influx of energetic particles that led to the elevated levels of carbon-14 in the atmosphere?

At first two possibilities seemed the most likely: The radiation either came from an especially intense solar flare or the explosion of a nearby star.

Those rays would have created high-energy particles in our atmosphere which could then go on to form the carbon-14 present in such abundance in the Japanese cedars.

But in order to send out enough gamma rays to do the trick the supernova would have had to be bigger and brighter than other historical bright spots that were documented in fact.

When they found that neither solar flares nor supernovae could explain the carbon-14 anomaly they had found the researchers published their discovery

So the formation of radioactive isotopes isn't a steady process? This could cause us to change our assumptions about dating methods.

tree ring studies and sedimentary cores can often be used to identify variations in the atmospheric concentrations of whichever isotope is being used

if media reported scientific findings along with the limitations of the test/report/study/researchi for one was largely unaware of the limitations of carbon 14 dating until recently.

The carbon in mollusk shells is dissolved from calcium carbonate in water. Thus the measurement was an average of

when the carbon formed not the age of the animal. For this reason radiocarbon dating only works for organisms that obtain their carbon from air via carbon dioxide.

Even organisms that eat aquatic organisms should be calibrated to account for this (for example a seal that was dated to be 1400 years old.

because for this study the researchers had to be able to see how carbon-14 levels changed from one year to the next

Over the past 3000 years there have been 3 sharp spikes in carbon-14 levels over a short period of time.

and it turned out that the carbon-14 spikes occurred over a few years and could be explained by solar activity.

Yes they were measuring the carbon-14 in tree-rings but they weren't using the carbon-14 to tell them how long ago the event happened.

They were measuring the relative change in the isotope from one year to the next. As a side note that may interest@Bagpipes100:

the reason scientists amassed this giant carbon record from trees in the first place is so that they could find out how carbon-14 inputs changed over time

and then build a calibration curve to make radiocarbon dating more accurate. Before 12000 years that record consists of data from marine sediments.

This method not only allows scientists to get more accurate ages but also to say exactly how certain they can be.

All carbon-14 dates are given with a plus or minus x years. Emilyelert THANK YOU for the information!!!

Color Particle Sorter Plastic bits pour past a photoelectric detector which identifies those of a particular color say blue.

The detector signals an air gun which blasts any non-blue particles with air knocking them out of the waste stream.

and it s a carbon sink sequestering the carbon dioxide it absorbed during growth even after it s been turned into lumber.

Waugh Thistleton estimates that the wood in Stadthaus stores 186 tons of carbon while the steel and concrete for a similar conventionally built tower would have generated 137 tons of carbon dioxide during production.

When CLT is used to build high-rise towers the carbon savings can be enormous. The 186 tons of carbon locked into Stadthaus are enough to offset 20 years of its daily operations meaning that for the first two decades of its life the building isn t carbon neutral t is actually carbon negative.

Rather than producing greenhouse gases Stadthaus is fighting them. While firms like Waugh Thistleton have focused on the lower end of the high-rise scale others are designing radically taller buildings up to 40 or more stories.

If that unassuming building on a street corner in Shoreditch is actually a trap for hundreds of tons of carbon imagine an entire city of Stadthauses.

So they designed a shell for a quadrotor that incorporated shock absorbers ubber dampers in between sections made from carbon fiber and plastic.

But where should policymakers focus their carbon mitigation efforts? Which technologies hold the most promise?

That would allow us to compensate for short term delays in mitigation by later taking carbon out of the atmosphere.

CCS is a yet-unproven technology that would remove carbon from fossil fuel or bioenergy combustion and store it underground.

In combination with bioenergy this results in carbon dioxide removal from the atmosphere (owing to the previous carbon uptake of plants through photosynthesis)

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