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Synopsis: Chemistry & chemical compounds: Chemical compounds: Atom:

Larsson's plan involves harnessing the metabolic powers of a sand-particle-fixing species of bacteria to produce sandstone

and release oxygen molecules in the cold. Scientists could go one step further and test woolly mammoth red blood cells made from ips cells,

because the technology is shrinking in size until it reaches the particle size of dust.

Philips food printer Philips Food Creation#device has been inspired by the so-called molecular gastronomists. These are chefs who deconstruct food

a 3d molecular food printer that relies on the experimental molecular cooking technology. New designs for printed food The Molã culaire is based on the same layer-by-layer printing technique that arranges small particles from a set of ingredients.

Within minutes, it prints out three-dimensional desserts, complex structures, shapes for molecular dishes, and patterns for decorating a meal.

Virtually limitless food presentation styles and techniques According to Yanko Design, you simply insert a blister pack into the reservoir, place Molã culaire on top of a plate,

There is no such thing as a pork molecule#The labels we use today to describe our diets, labels such as vegetarian, Kosher, glucose free, vegan,

and lactose intolerant, will be replaced with new terminology as we determine, on a molecular level, which foods our body has a positive reaction to.

There are no such things as a pig molecules, or a fish molecules, or a wheat molecules.

We have other types of molecules that make up plants and animals, but on the molecular level there is no such thing as vegetarian and non-vegetarian molecules.

So in the future, will you be asking your spouse to go to the store and pick up a new kiwi and eggplant cartridge so you can print dinner tonight?

Those days may be coming sooner than you think. By Futurist Thomas Frey Author of Communicating with the Future#-the book that changes everything Via Futuristspeaker. com Share Thissubscribedel. icio. usfacebookredditstumbleupontechnorati c

#Tapping into the Secret Language of Plants Futurist Thomas Frey: Over that past week I ve had the great honor of working with both the good people at the North dakota Bankers Association in Bismarck, ND and the good people at Rabobank in Napa,

These smart dust#particles, as he called them, could be used to monitor everything. Acting like electronic nerve endings for the planet

For example, researcher and app developer Foodpairing has broken down flavor to its molecular components and has compiled databases that can match the flavor of those ingredients against other completely different ingredients.

A Blood test for Depression This year, Eva Redei, a professor at Northwestern s Feinberg School of medicine, published a paper that identified molecules in the blood that correlated to major depression in a small group of teenagers.

It can be made more wholesome as production can be controlled at the molecular level phasing out the crude genetic modification.

Epigenetic regulation refers to the turning on and off of genes by molecules not the genes themselves.

For example, a series of cloned mice were shown to express an RNA molecule that inactivated one of the female s X chromosomes.

When the RNA molecule was removed cloning efficiency of the mice increased nearly ninefold. Based on previous work, the Japanese researchers sought to improve their cloning efficiency by using a chemical called trichostatin A that inhibits the powerful epigenetic protein histone deacetylase.

Bacteria that uses a tiny molecular machine to kill attacking viruses could change the way that scientists edit the DNA of plants,

they found that the bacteria combined Cas9 with genetic material to create#oehoming molecules#that attack viruses.

Bacteria, like human beings and almost every other living thing, keeps its genetic code in a library of DNA molecules.

the organism copies the DNA into a related molecule called RNA. Cas9 can be paired with an RNA transcript to target a matching DNA sequence

and how will achieving this milestone for ultra tiny storage particle change the tech industry?

Molecular Gastronomists 130. Bio-Meat Factory Engineers 131. Supply Chain Optimizers 132. Urban Agriculturalists Why ship food all the way around the world when it can be grown next door 133.

Nuclear bomb testing Carbon-14 is produced naturally by cosmic rays interacting with atoms in the Earth's atmosphere.

Some of the colors in stained-glass windows at cathedrals like Notre dame are produced by the plasmons in tiny particles of gold reflecting light

which are tiny organs within cells that convert the molecules in the food we eat into chemical energy the cell can use.

Our research at the Centre of Excellence for Postharvest Biotechnology at Nottingham University s Malaysia Campus is making these natural products into nano-forms or submicron particles to control postharvest diseases.

& the Press News maker Large Hadron Collider Physicists last week injected particles into the accelerator for the first time

Keith is developing a method to use aircraft to release fine sulphur particles that will stay aloft for years in the stratosphere.

to hunt for the elusive Higgs particle at the collider's current collision energies. The plan is likely to be agreed by CERN's management and council in January.

In the late 1980s, he developed electrospray ionization, a way to gently separate clumped proteins into a fine spray of individual molecules.

foreign genes can be fired into plant cells on metal particles shot from a'gene gun'.

and particle bombardment is less predictable, often yielding multiple, fragmented insertions of the new gene.

but it is most effective with very fine particles of gold  and Madre de dios tends to yield larger, coarser grains.

In 2006, scientists at Agresearch in Hamilton, New zealand began to experiment with molecules that interfere with the MESSENGER RNA go-between that enables translation of a gene into protein.

says Stefan Wagner, a molecular biologist at Agresearch. That's why it has taken so long to succeed in making an allergen-free cow,

and leaves no mark in the genome, says Bruce Whitelaw, a molecular biologist at the Roslin Institute near Edinburgh in the United kingdom,

by using specialist enzymes to break down the long-chain cellulose molecules and Brazil doesn t want to be left behind.

or animal that has been modified genetically through the addition of a small amount of genetic material from other organisms through molecular techniques.

A molecule on one cell causes a receptor protein on the cell membrane to change shape tugging on the cytoskeleton of a second cell.

In April Olguin's team released Project Cyborg a Web-based platform geared toward nanoscale molecular modeling and simulations for cellular biology.

a rougue molecular cloud wandering into the Solar system. If it's a smallish one-maybe just a few times bigger than the heliosphere-we might not even see it coming until it was almost here.

TAG ANY 9-11 FEDERALASTRONAUTAND RFEDERAL MAJOR NUCLEAR ATOM BUSTER HANS BLIX! AND ANY 9-11 FISSION SCIENTIST!

TAG ANY 9-11 FEDERALASTRONAUTAND RFEDERAL MAJOR NUCLEAR ATOM BUSTER HANS BLIX! AND ANY 9-11 FISSION SCIENTIST!

You don't seem to realize that there are only TWO events in all of history that actually spread any significant amount of radioactive particles into the atmosphere from nuclear reactors-Chernobyl

Radioactive particles especially Plutonium Strontium and Cesium are bioaccumulative extremely persistent and highly toxic. They travel long distances

Carbon's key radioactive isotope carbon-14 forms when energetic particles enter Earth's atmosphere

and collide with nitrogen atoms. Since trees take in both carbon-14 and its stable relative carbon-12 the relative levels of carbon-14 in their growth rings give scientists a way of measuring the amount of high-energy particles entering Earth's atmosphere in a given year.

When analyzing two ancient Japanese cedars last year the scientists found that the amount of carbon-14 present in their 775 AD growth rings was shockingly large.

So what could have caused the massive burst of radiation and the high influx of energetic particles that led to the elevated levels of carbon-14 in the atmosphere?

Those rays would have created high-energy particles in our atmosphere which could then go on to form the carbon-14 present in such abundance in the Japanese cedars.

Color Particle Sorter Plastic bits pour past a photoelectric detector which identifies those of a particular color say blue.

The detector signals an air gun which blasts any non-blue particles with air knocking them out of the waste stream.

By adding modified single-atom-thick graphene nanoribbons (GNRS) to thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) the Rice lab made it 1000 times harder for gas molecules to escape Tour said.

Because gas molecules cannot penetrate GNRS they are faced with a tortuous path to freedom he said.

But the overlapping 200-to 300-nanometer-wide ribbons dispersed so well that they were nearly as effective as large-sheet graphene in containing gas molecules.

That's because gas molecules go through rubber or plastic Tour said. It took years for scientists to figure out how to make a plastic bottle for soda.

Oxygen molecules get in through plastic and make the beer go bad. Bottles that are effectively impermeable could lead to brew that stays fresh on the shelf for far longer Tour said.

and his team have completed the first comprehensive genomic analysis of the molecular changes behind that adaptation.

and studying light-activated particles. One of her creations gold nanoshells is the subject of several clinical trials for cancer treatment.

and exposed to sunlight the particles heat up so quickly they instantly vaporize water and create steam.

When electricity passes through a layer of silicon oxide it strips away oxygen molecules and creates a channel of pure metallic phase silicon that is less than five nanometers wide.

Semiconducting films for atom-thick circuitsscientists at Rice university and Oak ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) have advanced on the goal of two-dimensional electronics with a method to control the growth of uniform atomic layers of molybdenum disulfide (MDS.

Graphene and hbn are flat with arrays of hexagons formed by their constituent atoms. But while MDS looks hexagonal

when viewed from above it is actually a stack with a layer of molybdenum atoms between two layers of sulfur atoms.

Our microscopy facility at ORNL allows us to see materials in a way they've never been seen before--down to the level of individual atoms.

In its perfect crystalline form graphene (a one-atom-thick carbon layer) is the strongest material ever measured as the Columbia Engineering team reported in Science in 2008--so strong that as Hone observed it would take an elephant balanced on a pencil to break through a sheet

This is due to all the atoms in graphene being surface atoms so surface damage that would normally not degrade the strength of 3d materials can completely destroy the strength of 2d materials.

For example we can now imagine sandwiching two different monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides between layers of graphene to make solar cells that are only eight atoms thick--20 thousand times smaller than a human hair!

To study the material the researchers refined an existing technique to grow large symmetric crystals up to 100 microns across but only three atoms thick.

--and it would not have misaligned any atoms says Pinshane Huang a Phd student in the David Muller lab at Cornell and the paper's third lead author.

and saw lines of misaligned atoms. Once they knew where to find the grain boundaries

and saw that the single defective line of atoms at the grain boundaries could drastically change the key electronic and optical properties of the Mos2.

and the nanogumbos materials--particles so small that 100000 could fit across the width of a human hair.

If even an early form of cancer were present the particles would accumulate in the abnormal tissue

Warner said that nanogumbos technology allows scientists to produce new nanoparticles in a focused way such that these particles are produced for specific uses from the beginning.

and determine the specific location where an individual enzyme molecule was binding. Enter PALM a technique in

and Fox other co-authors of the paper A single-molecule analysis reveals morphological targets for cellulase synergy were Phillip Jess Rakesh Jambusaria and Genny Moo.

and reproduce instead of splitting water molecules to yield pure hydrogen. To liberate the hydrogen Virginia Tech scientists separated a number of enzymes from their native microorganisms to create a customized enzyme cocktail that does not occur in nature.

The energy stored in xylose splits water molecules yielding high-purity hydrogen that can be utilized directly by proton-exchange membrane fuel cells.

The molecular characterizations of CTCS will provide real-time information allowing us to choose the right treatment for the right patient at the right time.

and limited capability of captured cells to be utilized for later molecular analysis. Our technology is the combination of three state-of-the-art technologies:

and maintain their integrity for sophisticated genomic and behavioral analyses said Hsian-Rong Tseng Phd associate professor of molecular and medical pharmacology at UCLA and the inventor of the Nanovelcro Chip concept and device.

UCLA researchers were supported by a Creativity Award from the Prostate Cancer Foundation and research grants (R21 CA151159 and R33 CA157396) from the National institutes of health/National Cancer Institute Innovative Molecular Analysis

and exposed to high heat until the powder particles are bound together into a solid but slightly porous material.

When this field is applied it creates subtle changes in the material's grain boundaries--where atoms from different crystals meet in the material.

These defects consist of vacancies (missing atoms) which can carry charges. The defects are negatively charged and draw current from the electric field to the area

The environment surrounding the atom-thick carbon material can influence its electronic performance according to researchers at Rice

and identify out of place-place molecules on its surface through terahertz spectroscopy. They expect the finding to be important to manufacturers considering the use of graphene in electronic devices.

It was made possible by the Rice-based Nanojapan program through which American undergraduates conduct summer research internships in Japanese labs. Even a single molecule of a foreign substance can contaminate graphene enough to affect its electrical and optical properties

Imperfections as small as a stray oxygen molecule on the graphene were picked up by a spectrometer.

The change in the terahertz signal due to adsorption of molecules is said remarkable Kono. Not just the intensity but also the waveform of emitted terahertz radiation totally and dynamically changes in response to molecular adsorption and desorption.

The next step is to explore the ultimate sensitivity of this unique technique for gas sensing.

The technique can measure both the locations of contaminating molecules and changes over time. The laser gradually removes oxygen molecules from the graphene changing its density

and we can see that Kono said. The experiment involved growing pristine graphene via chemical vapor deposition

Laser pulses generated coherent bursts of terahertz radiation through a built-in surface electric field of the indium phosphide substrate that changed due to charge transfer between the graphene and the contaminating molecules.

For the first time Vierstra and his team have revealed the structure of the plant phytochrome a critical molecule that detects the light that tells plants

It's the molecule that tells plants when to flower says Vierstra. Plants use the molecule to sense where they are in the canopy;

they use the phytochromes for color vision--to sense whether they are above next to or under other plants.

In addition to growers the research also has implications for other scientists as the technology could be used to create new fluorescent molecules for detecting minuscule events inside cells and in the field of optogenetics

and crops that can deal with droughts and high temperatures like those now affecting the Southwestern United states. â#oefor each carbon dioxide molecule that is incorporated into plants through photosynthesis plants lose about 200 hundred molecules of water

The Tour lab with assistance from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) produced the patented material that pulls only carbon dioxide molecules from flowing natural gas

and carbon dioxide molecules he said. Hwang also considered metal oxide frameworks that trap carbon dioxide molecules

but they had the unfortunate side effect of capturing the desired methane as well and they are far too expensive to make for this application.

or nitrogen atoms) to start the polymerization reaction. This would never work on simple activated carbon; the key is that the polymer forms

Methane ethane and propane molecules that make up natural gas may try to stick to the carbon but the growing polymer chains simply push them off he said.

or nitrogen atoms evenly distributed through the resulting porous material. The sulfur-infused powder performed best absorbing 82 percent of its weight in carbon dioxide.

The scientists paired silicate particles with chlorosulfonic acid and this made the acid molecules attach themselves to the silicate compounds.

The result was an entirely new molecule--the acid RHSO3H --which can replace the enzymes in the work of breaking down cellulose to sugar explains Per Morgen.

Where we mimic the cooling effect of a massive volcanic eruption by putting a lot of sulfur dioxide particles into the atmosphere to block sunlight.

The problem is that the instant those particles go away you get a redoubled warming and it has all kinds of unintended consequences.

In quantum mechanics, a particle, such as an electron circling the nucleus of an atom, does not have an actual location or physical state.

All that can be said of it is a set of equations that describe its probability of being given in a place with a given energy

Two particles whose vibrations are the same in all dimensions are said to occupy the same quantum state.

Ashton Bradley and his colleagues at the Australian Research Council quantum-optics lab have shown that it possible to teleport an atom.

To demonstrate, Australian researchers made a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) of rubidium atoms. A BEC is a substance that occurs

it can instantly freeze certain particles it comes in contact with. The researchers then aimed a beam of rubidium atoms at the condensate.

Instantly chilled, the atoms in the beam also dropped to their lowest state, getting rid of the extra energy by giving off a burst of light.

Astonishingly, that light contains all the quantum information needed to reconstitute the atom. Aim it at another BEC,

and whatever atom it strikes takes on the quantum state of the original atom. In effect, an atom at the transmitting end has disappeared

and been reconstituted at the receiving end. There is still an atom at each end but the quantum oeidentity has moved from one to the other.

It is a long way from teleporting a few individual atoms to sending people from the Enterprise to a planet surface.

But, while it may take decades to transmit something as complicated as a virus or a single molecule of DNA,

it should be possible eventually theoretically to send a human being from one place to another through a matter transmitter.

The Issue: Energy The Future: World energy demand will increase dramatically. Experts predict that energy demand will rise by 60%between 2002 and 2030

and senior research fellow at the Institute for Molecular Manufacturing, has described several potential food replacement technologies that are somewhat pill-like.

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