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and plug-ins of the open source tool Prom, there are also a growing number of commercial analysis tools providing process mining capabilities, cf.
Extracting Event Data from Databases to Unleash Process Mining 109 The Prom framework provides an open source process-mining infrastructure.
much as in the open source idea in the context of software development. However, this very much depends on the license holder of the model corpus'content.
Open source systems, IFIP 203 (pp. 9 20. Berlin: Springer. Li, C.,Reichert, M, . & Wombacher, A. 2008).
Open innovation, open source and freely available knowledge 15 Box 4: Case studies 18 Box 5: Does the rise of open innovation mean a more‘cut
This distinguishes these activities from, for example,‘open source'software (Android, Linux, for example), and‘platforms'on which others provide products or services (itunes, for example).
Open innovation, open source and freely available knowledge There also appears to be considerable confusion between
and the idea of open source. Open source reflects the practice of open and free sharing of technological information.
open source can be a manifestation of open innovation IBM has used open source approaches to drive standardisation across its customer base which makes it less costly for the firm to interact with its customers
and allows it to sell more advanced bolt-on services which improve the experience of using the open source software. 4 However,
the terms open innovation and open source are used often in the literature as equivalent concepts. This is not appropriate;
what would be recognised as an open source model. Equally, open innovation does not necessarily mean being fully open
These resources are for internet platforms that are digital open source and open hardware environments supporting social innovation by empowering
CAPS uses collective intelligence and contributes to develop an open source and decentralized infrastructure for connecting citizens and the internet in a decentralized open architecture.
Common in open source IP environments. No financial compensation for technology providers. F) RAND Once the standard is set,
open source and open repositories is vital. Although the added value of these approaches including 58 their implications for scientific-scholarly practice
Moreover, it excludes the move towards open science or open source IT software or the embodied expertise of the social sciences. 9. 10.2 EMPLOYABILITY OF PHD GRADUATES Description:
The TEM case has adopted also standard ICT solutions for both web and mobile as open source e-platforms,
The Athens Time Bank case has adopted standard ICT solutions for web and mobile as free of charge open source e-platforms,
patients, and scientists, using principles of open source and generation of content by users, and the power of networks in order to personalise health care, collaborate,
and a number of Red hat certified, enterprise-class, open source software solutions to build its entire IT infrastructure.
The first example of such reflections has been Free and Open source Software which has been investigated from many theoretical viewpoints,
it means that Europeana will develop open source products, such as channels, for partners who want to reach deep into specific interest groups, like fashionistas and foodies.
For innovation-driven SMES, open source and co-creation are Horizon 2020 Expert Advisory Group Innovation in SMES:
where the open source software model has been pioneered and promoted by small software suppliers and independent developers.
IP management, of course, includes branding/licensing, open source software and copyright maters, not just patents. o Development of small entity status fees at the European Patent office, similar to the USPTO practice,
. org) Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine, DICOM (http://medical. nema. org/),the de facto standard for electronic medical imaging Openehr, an open source activity supporting the development of standards
we are eliminating practical obstacles to Open source Software (OSS) to promote equality of opportunity. 3. Ensuring secure government communication We will maintain
hackable games) Infrastructure (e g. hosting, domains) Open practices (e g. open standards, open source) Legalese on the web (e g. privacy policies, terms of service agreements) Source:
As a model, collaborative learning undergirds many significant ICT initiatives such as the open source model. In the education sector, students enrolled in MOOCS are found to collaborate through social media and Meetups161 from their own locales across the world.
is a global programme that has granted over 6 000 stipends to post-secondary developers for writing code for open source software projects.
young people from the open source movement, university researchers, the private sector, international donor agencies and national governments.
These resources are for internet platforms that are digital open source and open hardware environments supporting social innovation by empowering
CAPS uses collective intelligence and contributes to develop an open source and decentralized infrastructure for connecting citizens and the internet in a decentralized open architecture.
The first example of such reflections has been Free and Open source Software which has been investigated from many theoretical viewpoints,
Google has developed the open source Android operating system and spawned innovation in applications worldwide; Facebook has enabled the building of thousands of apps
developers and social entrepreneurs are innovating with cheap open hardware, open source software, open knowledge, data storage and analytics and are producing valuable data about people, the environment and biometric and sensor data.
Goteo is managed by the nonprofit Open sources Foundation that supports projects that offer some kind of collective return,
such as the open source DIY shoest kit8, a project developed with the support of Fablab Barcelona,
and open source designs are now giving innovators better access to the enabling infrastructures, products, skills and capabilities they need to enhance collaborative making.
People working on open source hardware are creating new organisations, such as the Open source Hardware Association, to coordinate research projects,
such as the open source cars Wikispeed, and build farming tools and new fabrication machines like the Reprap and others.
These products are open source and free, with a worldwide community of peers contributing to the collective discoveries.
A project like openp2pdesign is opening up design processes and tools to enable collaborative communities to undertake large-scale projects that can lead to innovative results in open business, open government or open data.
Projects like Open source Ecology are promoting a shift towards a more sustainable lifestyle. The makers movement is showing how experiments of collaboration
Interesting trends are emerging at the intersection between open hardware, DIY culture, open source software and open data.
Projects and areas of work like Safecast or open source Geiger, the Smart Citizen Kit and open wearables are showing interesting potential in combining innovative technology trends to generate unexpected services.
free CAD/CAM software and open source designs are now giving innovators better access to tools, products,
a makerspace in Milan with a focus on open source, design, digital fabrication and micro enterprises. 28 Growing a Digital Social Innovation Ecosystem for Europe MAKERS MOVEMENT Maker Fairs are interesting expressions of this new form of networking events
and decision-making and is piloting open source solutions across Europe engaging new political partices, citizen movements and governments.
contributing to the W3c Federated Social Web Working group. 32 Growing a Digital Social Innovation Ecosystem for Europe Safecast is both the name of a Geiger counter built by the open source community as well as a global
a nonprofit tech company that specialises in developing free and open source software for the collection, visualisation and interactive mapping of information.
open source and open access Communia PUBLIC DOMAIN The contribution of open knowledge covers the variety of ways in
and moving towards and Open source Internet of Thingst Open-source hardware consists of hardware whose blueprints are made publicly available
largely because of its creators'decision to make the board's design‘open source, 'along with its quick adoption by the international maker movement of D. I. Y. hardware hobbyists, such as makerspaces and Fab Labs. This makes Arduino a key building block of many digital social
the best possible decision making based on a real time data and information from open sources and the best possible alignments of my local providers with the global potential of wider communities (Van Kranenburg 2014) SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
and federated social networks based on open source code and open standards to promote open democracy, collective debate, deliberation and voting.
(i e. free and open source software) can be obtained at a lower cost with a better quality from reliable suppliers,
In effect, open source software should be easy to acquire from government at all levels. Open source procurement As an example, in 2004, the UK government launched
(and reviewed in 2009 and 2010) its policy on ICT32 where special attention was paid to open source procurement.
In this respect, a toolkit was used to ensure that there is a level playing field for open source and that some of the myths associated with open source are dispelled.
Participating in open procurement calls should be made easy. Public procurement of innovative solutions Commissioning tools could also be set up to see
if the deployment of the DSI strategy across Europe is meeting the needs of their target beneficiaries (entrepreneurs, business, developers, citizens and other communities).
It can also include the development of open source mobile phone alternatives such as Fairphone69 on top of which a whole new open ecosystem of services and applications could flourish, based on open-source and open-hardware developments.
ü Explore DSI specific indicators such as Open Data access, digital skills and proliferation of open source projects or creative commons licenses.
Interoperable, customised and modular services and applications based on open source, open access and open hardware can then be built on top of a public federated platform in a dynamic and flexible way,
on top of which a whole new open ecosystem of services and applications could flourish in a participatory innovation model based on open source and open hardware development;
The aim should be to turn the current passport into an open source mesh-networked device;
The CAPS participants share data and collaborate to reach collective sustainability goals on open source platforms (open in terms of software but also hardware,
In particular grassroots communities of civic innovators, web entrepreneurs, hackers, geeks, SMES, open source and DIY makers,
200 Open Organisation 74-77 Open Publication Licenses 200 Open source 154; 139 Open Space 45-46 Open Testing 53 Organisation 6-7;
For a thorough analysis of open source methods and their great potential, see G. Mulgan and T. Steinberg, Wide Open:
The Potential of Open source Methods (London, U k.:Demos and the Young Foundation, 2005). 19. In the U k.,the In Control pilots delivered under the government's policy Valuing People
the open source community, the developers'community, the innovation labs community, the open/big data community, the smart citizen/civic society community,
The open hardware and free software communities The open source community is a broad-reaching community of individuals who share an open source philosophy/culture,
The open source culture is therefore one in which fixations (works entitled to copyright protection are made openly available.
we distinguish between the open source software community and the open source hardware community. The individuals who participate in the former support the use of open source licenses that make software available for anybody to use
or modify as its source code is made available. The open source software community is formed by programmers who support the open source philosophy
and that contribute to the community by voluntary writing and exchanging programming code for software development.
There are several examples of software that have been developed under an open source philosophy. Some of them are Mozilla, Apache, Openoffice. org, or PHP.
The open source hardware community is formed by individuals that design hardware (that is, tangible artefacts: machines, devices,
This is the case for Arduino, an open source electronics prototyping platform based on flexible, easy-to-use hardware and software,
Communities Focal actors Enablers Governance Failures Open source hardware and software Open source activists Firms supporting open source activists Communities Open source platforms Peer governance
analysis of the innovation ecosystem The open source hardware and software communities Within this wider community,
the open source software community and the open source hardware community. In both cases, the focal actors are the activists:
either they support the use of open source licenses that make software available for anybody to use
or modify as its source code is made available (open source software activists) or they support the open source philosophy
and contribute to the community by voluntary writing and exchanging programming code for software development (the open source hardware activists).
Firms, organisations, and not-for-profit communities supporting open source activists are considered enablers within the open source community.
For example, Canonical40 was created alongside Ubuntu to help it reach a wider market. They ensure that Ubuntu runs reliably on every platform from the PC and the smartphone to the server and the cloud.
The P2p Foundation42 is a third example of an organisation that supports the open source community and is
and the general principles behind the open source and open access movements. It believes that these principles provide for models that can be used in other areas of 29 social and productive life.
One last example is that of the Open source Initiative43, a Californian public benefit corporation, founded in 1998,
and advocating for the benefits of open source and at building bridges among different constituencies in the open source community.
Open source platforms are also enablers within the open source community. The best example of them is Github44 a web-based hosting service for software development projects that use Git, an open source version control.
It is home to over 13.1 million repositories, making it the largest code host in the world.
Regarding governance, the open source community works under the principles of peer governance a bottomup mode of participatory decision-making.
In open source projects, equipotential participants self select themselves to the section to which they want to contribute.
Bruns (2008) also characterizes open source communities as heterarchies meaning that they operate in a much looser environment,
According to Fogel (2006), the possibility to fork45 is central to the governance of any open source community,
although the author particularly refers to open source software communities. The shared ownership of open source projects allows anyone to fork a project at any time.
Therefore, no one person or group has a magical hold over the Project. Since a fork involving a split of the community can hurt overall productivity
Finally, Stadler (2008) submits that leadership in open source projects is not egalitarian, but meritocratic. In this respect, Coffin (2006) highlights the necessity for a benevolent dictator, who is the leader of the project
Despite its many benefits, open source communities also experience some drawbacks. The following are some of the most significant:
anyone can be part of an open source hardware or an open source software community but in order to be engaged actively,
good technological skills are needed. That is why many texts and documents refer to individual open source activists as programmers committed to the open source philosophy.
The level of contributions or the type/strength of technological skills seem not to matter that much
because as previously stated, there is equipotentiality in an open source community. Lack of conflict-resolution mechanisms:
Communities Instruments Motivations Incentives Open source hardware and software Government contracts and procurement Creating fast growing platforms (companies) Reducing costs (companies) Capturing value (companies) Reputation
Micro level analysis of the innovation ecosystem The open source hardware and software communities In terms of instruments, usually, open source products are free.
For example, open source software and its supporting code are generally free of cost to download, use and modify.
For instance, R is an open source environment and programming language for statistical computing that is also free of cost. While R offers no cost access to its software and source code
In this respect, governments might be interested in signing contracts with open source developers for 37 governments are, more and more,
turning to open source. This has clearly been the case regarding open source software. In January 2011
the Australian Government released an open source software policy and guidance documentation for Australian government agencies to inform their use, modification and development of open source software.
In April 2012, the United kingdom released the second version of the document Open source software options for government.
In December 2013, the Italian government issued final rules implementing a change to procurement law that now requires all public administrations in the country to first consider reused
Open source hardware is not that popular among governments although there a few interesting examples. We have referred already to the Flok Society in Ecuador93.
the Government of Ecuador has launched a major strategic research project to fundamentally re-imagine Ecuador, based on the principles of open source:
because of governments'interest in open source, contracts and government procurement are important tools within this community.
A lot has been written on the motivations of members of the open source communities. Most literature on motivations is based on empirical surveys (Vainio & Vadén, 2006.
Intrinsic motivations include open source politics (working on open source to limit the power of large companies, particularly software companies,
community identification (for open source development communities are not communities only in a technical sense of the word but also in terms of identity:
and contributing to open source and do not subscribe to many social motivations that are, by contrast, typical of individual programmers.
Vici (2008) also analyses firms'motivations to participate in the open source community and states that, at the beginning,
and in general, supporting open source was justified merely by the need of answering to the increasing requests of improved quality products.
Moreover, contributions and feedbacks from the open source community allow a reduction in R&d costs and an enlargement of the network size, amplifying the positive effect due to network externalities.
Adopting open source principles also increases the likelihood of attracting skilled developers and thereby achieving a higher pace of technological development and quality level.
In this respect, government attitude towards the open source community is fundamental and may have an effect in terms of scalability for governments are in a unique position in almost any industry.
Citizens engagement and feedback Democratic and distributed social network Social network based on open source code to promote the most interesting news decided by the people,
Based on the open source code of Meneame. net, but with a new user interface more similar to actual social networks like Facebook or Twitter.
European SMES, developers and social innovators are innovating with cheap open hardware, open source software, open knowledge, open data and analytics faster,
based on open source and open hardware developments. 2. The need for privacy-aware technologies based on trust and ethics is recognised.
or plastic with a chip) into an open source mesh-networked device (a chip with a screen).
and Proliferate Social Constructivism Multiple and Subjective Descriptions Open source in Digital Ecosystems 17 Open Knowledge, Open Governance and Community 18 References 20 Table of contents 6introductionthis introductory paper summarises the needs and the processes that have led to the concept of digital
Economic empowerment Production capacity Open source tools and processes for the collective representation and formalisation of knowledge Economic developmentict s Systems theory 2nd-order cybernetics Structural determinism
For example research conducted in the context of the DBE IP has highlighted the importance of Regional Catalysts and other intermediary actors such as professional associations or volunteer open source communities.
It asks questions about Open source and the Linux phenomenon in the same breath as Schumpeter's (942) oversubscribed creative destruction from IBM to Microsoft to Google.
combining an open source shared middleware infrastructure with software services, models and information that compete on the revenue models
An open source ecosystem-oriented architecture provides, indeed, a distributed middleware that acts as a new ICT commons,
The open source initial implementation is freely available (http://swallow. sourceforge. net/,http://dbestudio. sourceforege. net,
The translation of this power into a mode of economic production is the central question of open source research. 20 Open source in Digital Ecosystemstwo of the three26 deep trends due to which, according to Dalle et al.
The Open source approach has thus been the only possible choice for the Digital Ecosystem infrastructure,
There are many factors that influence the uptake of open source by companies, such as their connections in the open source community,
or the know-how of the way the open source process works and the implications of different types of licences.
Digital Ecosystems can then be seen as the structure that connects and mobilises such knowledge and that facilitates such processes.
and hence of real space then open source systems become capable of alleviating some of the fears that arise
Open source communities are epistemic communities28 (Edwards, 200) organised as a distributed network of agents that are not just based on altruism, reputation or hacker ethics.
The key actors in the development of an open source product are the individual contributors companies (for profit and nonprofit) and researchers.
All sets of actors respond to the legal incentives embodied in open source production. Up to now economic theory suggests that long-term incentives are stronger under three conditions:
Lerner, 2006) 26) The third reason is simply the very large amount of empirical data on open source communities and software production,
and economically viable freestanding business model for free and open source software, one uncoupled to any complementary commercial activity,
Language Organisational Structure P2p Open source Power Mediation Open Governance & Institutional Innovation Equilibrium, Institutionalisation Collective Intelligence Memory Trust Transparency & Accountability Open
Open source Software: Free Provision of Complex Public Goods, SSRN-id588763. http://citeseer. ist. psu. edu/bessen02open. html, last accessed/7/07.
Towards a Critique of the Political economy of Free/Open source Software and Peer-to-peer File sharing Networks, Cornell University. http://www. shaydavid. info/indexpapers. html, last accessed/7/07.
Epistemic Communities, Situated Learning and Open source Software Development, Working Paper, Department of Manufacturing Engineering and Management, Technical University of Denmark.
and energy efficient technologies (including digital technologies such as open source energy management systems). Conversely digital technologies can be viewed as integral components of the social innovative configurations that work.
first, communities developing open source technologies to support more sustainable consumption practices (e g. Open Energy Monitor;
the biggest open source data platform in Europe that is underpinning a new bottom up ecosystem for digital public services;(
and open source software. Crowd-Mapping DSI organisations and their activities: The types of organisations working on DSI in Europe,
In particular grassroots communities of civic innovators, web entrepreneurs, hackers, geeks, SMES, open source and DIY makers,
open source and open hardware developments), leveraging social networks (or distributed social networking, sensor networks and the Internet of things,
Database and Dynamic Visualisations will be shared back with the relevant open source communities. Open data about the mapping of organisations include:
Low-cost home 3d manufacturing tools (3d printers, CNC machines), free CAD/CAM software like Blender, 123d or Sketchup and open source designs are now giving innovators
People working on Open source Hardware are creating new organisations such as the Open source Hardware Association, to open new research avenues and coordinate projects,
open source cars such as Wikispeed, building farming tools, new fabrication machines like the Reprap and open objects.
These products are open source and free; and you can use, copy and improve as much as you want with a worldwide community of peers helping you
Projects like Open source Ecology are promoting a bigger shift towards a more sustainable lifestyle and society.
DIY culture, open source software and open data. Projects like Safecast or open source Geiger, the Smart Citizen Kit,
and open wearables are showing interesting potential in combining innovative technology trends to generate unexpected outcomes.
a Maker space with a focus on open source, design, digital fabrication, and micro enterprises. An example of increasing interest is the possibility of setting up Urban Labs within city contexts.
open source and open access Goteo Communia Open hardware new ways of making and using open hardware solutions
and moving towards and Open source Internet of things Arduino Smart Citizen Kit Safecast Table 9 36 Through case study analysis we have sought to build up an understanding of to what extent these emerging technologies are being harnessed by digital social innovation.
and knowledge to a social network of peers living with similar conditions. 40 Open Hardware Open source hardware consists of hardware
Ideally, open source hardware uses readily available components and materials, standard processes, open infrastructure unrestricted content,
Open source hardware gives people the freedom to control their technology while sharing knowledge and encouraging commerce through the open exchange of designs.
public funding) and investors Future development tasks Code and data Full information on the development so far and open source code can be found on the Github page here:
Arduino has grown since to become popular selling around 200,000 units in 2011 largely because of its creators'decision to make the board's design open source and its quick adoption by hobbyists, artists, scientists, and‘makers.'
Furthermore, Arduino has lowered significantly the economic barriers to D. I. Y. electronics thanks to the product's low cost and open source business model.
because the Arduino board is a piece of open source hardware, free for anyone to use,
Many questioned if it would be possible to forge a sustainable business model considering the entire basis for Arduino relies upon open source technologies (in fact,
Open source Software Not only the Arduino hardware is open; the Arduino software is also open-source. The source code for the Java environment is released under the GPL
and the open source platform is available free of charge to any group, city or country around the world interested in using the platform to source ideas from citizens.
where the city uses the platform to source ideas from citizens to be debated in the city council on a monthly basis. Type of Organisation The Your Priorities software is open source
Through making the Your Priorities platform available as open source to other organisations, the Citizens Foundation is actively facilitating the easy spread and uptake of their new service.
Open source and Open Collaboration: The platform is open source and free for anyone to download and use,
which has led to the spread of the model via the Internet beyond Iceland. Open Active Democracy is the software that powers Your Priorities.
Citysdk consist of 23 partners, 9 countries, 3 open source APIS Website: http://www. citysdk. eu/Organisation Name City Service Development Kit (Citysdk) Short description City SDK is a European consortium of partners helping cities
At the same time it provides cities with an easy, open source, standards based way to publish real-time open Data type of organisation Citysdk is a European Consortium consisting of 23 partners in nine countries,
such as the Greater manchester Realtime Scheduling application, the Park Shark City Platform and the City Navigator, a fully Open source, mobile HTML5 public transport journey planner and navigation application for on the go-go use.
Open source Software, which enables the uptake and extension of the software by the development community forgoing stifling discussions on IP and closed development silos Open Data,
Open source DSI activities: Operating a DSI service, Network Key facts: As part of the project the consortia developed Europe commons, a catalogue of applications with demonstrable impact Website:
It simultaneously taps into current technological trends such as open data, open source, as well as digital volunteerism (crowdsourcing), in a way that has a clear social impact.
the aim was to also develop a reusable IT open source solution. In the Berlin State Museums alone six million objects await to be recorded.
This flexible approach to technology is reflected in the wide range of technologies employed by the different fellows who will work with their own preferred web platform (using open source languages like 83 Python
and sharing of open source code. To this aim, the fellows work together on a joint Github account
In the case of Europe Commons the site's open source coding is hosted on Drupal. org,
The nodes are usually running an open source distribution such as Linux (Openwrt) or Freebsd. A Community-Lab node consists of two or three devices:
and is based on open source design and open hardware such as Arduino. One example of this is Alignment laser,
The free or low cost access to open source hard and software means that Fablab communities both benefit from
https://github. com/Organisation Name Github Short description Github, a San francisco-based company, was started in 2008 as a way for open source software writers in various locations to rapidly create new
and code management for open source and private projects, by tapping into this community of collective coders.
At its simplest Github can be described as open source tool for people to come together online and collaborate around a project,
because the code is open source). This enables a developer to copy a code that he
Overall the‘open source'culture of Github translates into their business model in one particularly obvious way:
a platform set up with the aim of helping governments become more open source, open data, and open government.
This portal is aimed specifically at helping governments all over the world to open source datasets, legislation and information so that citizen programmers can help solve local problems.
Because modern programming tends to be about assembling code in the form of libraries, open source work,
Open source vs. Closed: While Github has stood out as an outrider of how e-businesses might operate in an open-source landscape;
http://goteo. org/Organisation Name Goteo Short description Goteo. org is an open source social network for crowdfunding as well as distributed collaboration based in Spain.
'Type of organisation Goteo is managed by the nonprofit organisation Fundacion Fuentes Abiertas (Open source Foundation. History and mission The explicit mission of Goteo. org is to help finance
when Platoniq (a collective of cultural activists, open source practitioners and Internet researchers) came together to explore initiatives for giving monetary support online to different people and causes with a social purpose.
The aim of the exercise was to understand how compatible crowdfunding was with crowdsourcing lessons learned from the open source world.
free knowledge and/or open source. Unlike most other crowdfunding platforms Goteo operate with two funding windows for a campaign, each with a duration of 40 days.
'Therefore projects are built on collaborative, open source and open design principles. As an example the Infinit Loop cloth mentioned above is built for example with an open design license.
and software standards developed by and for the open source community, such as creative commons to set the standard for how campaigns launched on the platform should use
http://liquidfeedback. org/Organisation Name Liquid Feedback Short description Liquid feedback is free open source software
Finally, and on a more general level, Liquid Feedback is built on an open source licence. The rationale for this is that everyone interested in adopting the platform to their organisation should be able to do so freely.
Finally, the open source approach, as described above, allows the platform to be adapted by organisations that are both diverse in type and their geographical base.
For example the event featured demonstrations on the DIY opportunities in the Arduino open source electronic board and Raspberry Pi.
Several advantages of open source hardware show its importance to the Maker Faire community: Help streamline the design Makers can reduce risk by basing designs on open-source hardware
Developing free and open source software for individuals and organisations around the world who want to build copies of the sites mysociety builds.
open source and available for use anywhere in the world. The core features of this website are:
mysociety's sites are all open source. Some of the mysociety codebases have been worked on extensively to make them easy to use for the newcomer.
Mapit's code is also available on Github, another open source project which can be installed locally,
open source projects without having to employ a huge factory of staff. After recognising in the period following 2006 that official government funding streams had been wound down,
Realities of open source: Before accepting contributions to a project, the practical considerations around the overheads of testing, checking,
The Open Ministry website was developed using a YUI API a free, open source Javascript and CSS library for building interactive web applications.
Open source: Opencorporates wants to make its product and the database accessible and scalable. It would not be possible without a huge number of open source programmes, tools and resources, such as Twitter Bootstrap and Linux.
It is mostly feasible to have the open data database as well as the community accessible online.
One of the most prominent of these is the Comprehensive Knowledge Archive Network (CKAN), one of the world's leading free open source data portal platforms.
The open source software is used by more than 70 organisations from Berlin to Nigeria globally to release their data in to open data sets.
Naturally most of its projects rely heavily on open data, open data and open source standards.
but it also relies on open source platforms for developing and sharing the code for its projects.
P2p Foundation, Open Knowledge Foundation, Makesense, Edgeryders, Transition Network, Open source Ecology, hackerspaces & makerspaces. What is the social impact it is seeking,
driven by digital fabrication tools like 3dprinters, facilities like Fablabs, open source hardware designs and DIY communities.
Peer-to-peer-based digital currencies, electronic money that acts as alternative currency, such as Bitcoin, an open source P2p money,
P2p's network in practice creates a platform for‘unbounded knowledge with open sources and open access.'
It actively encourages collaborative coding for instance the open source coding for its collaborative project with Google,
the Raspberry Pi is completely open source, which helps to keep costs down. From the circuit schematics to the applications and the operating system, anyone can examine
DSI network effect Due to Raspberry Pi's programmable and simple open source model, a variety of Pi projects have emerged on the Web.
Raspberry Pi has collaborated also recently with Google to deliver a new open source coding tool called Coder.
http://blog. safecast. org/Organisation Name Safecast Short description Safecast is both the name of a Geiger counter built by the open source community as well as a global sensor network where Safecast owners can map
While the Safecast team along with a wider open source community is providing the hard and software behind Safecast,
Safecast relies heavily on working on and with several open source hard and software solutions. Open hardware such as Arduino forms part of the actual build of the Geiger counter, crowdfunding platforms such as Kickstarter have been used to raise funding for developing different versions of the Geiger counter
The hardware developed by Safecast is open source and, in their own words, people who buy it are free‘to open,
and open source approaches to develop the original prototype Geiger counters, Crowdfunding has been crucial in the funding
Following on from this Safecast has used open source platforms such as Github to develop the code that sits behind the platform.
and open source platforms in many ways can be seen as an example of digitally enabled collective intelligence.
which is also open source. The team also operates an open network, where all the sensors and kit-owners can share
Open Data and Open source: The web platform is developed with Open-Streetmap, Leaflet, Raphaël, jquery, Cakephp, and many more.
The actual project is open source and available on the open source platform Github. The fact that it is open has led already to replications of the kit for other purposes,
Open source: The Tor software itself is open source and free for anyone to download and use.
Enhancing collaboration and engagement: DSI network effect The strength of the Tor network relies on being able to relay traffic through a large network of routers owned by a global network of volunteers.
*Open Knowledge Organisation Name Ushahidi Short description Ushahidi is a nonprofit tech company that specializes in developing free and open source software for the collection, visualisation and interactive mapping of information.
Swiftriver is an open source platform that aims to democratize access to tools for filtering & making sense of real-time information Crowdmap:
a free open source software that can be used to distribute and collect information via text messages.
with the shift to an open source development model (as of February 2013) it is hoped that a community of volunteer developers will be able to assist in the localisation support of the site (translating the content into other languages) thereby having a positive impact on the outreach of the Zooniverse projects.
and they're pretty much all open source. They're generally still bespoke applications each time but share common code for talking to Ouroboros.
In addition to this, the decision February 2013 to start making Zooniverse officially open source has allowed for new avenues for collaboration to be pursued other than the analysis of data.
While Zooniverse had made not the move to open source a priority (because behind the scenes they had been willing to share their coding with anyone who had approached them often talking them through the thought process that led them to design our software in a particular way) the decision to move to an entirely open source paradigm was made
so as to broaden the tools available to enable people to start projects of their own. This open source development model allows a community of developers to flag any bugs to the Zooniverse developers;
to contribute towards the creation of new projects; but also to assist in the site's localisation support (translating sites into multiple languages.
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