The biofuel could go into specially-designed ethanol vehicles as well as regular U s. gasoline most of which is composed of 10 percent ethanol.
and cut down on gasoline usage in all your vehicles--even the ones that never hit the streets.
Not that anyone uses these to make long trips anyway so just be happy it can sip gas at a slower rate than its entirely-gasoline equivalents.
Premium kibble is almost all protein this is the fuel K9's require for a long vibrant life.
Of course during the age of fossil fuel we have made great strides in remixing mankind's DNA among previously isolated groups.
opec all bushes crone's! black waters john boehner! prince or saudi any drone withbrennan!
that know's the term opec! like a pig duck! hung a king in iraq!
OPEC ONLY KNOW'SOR only every federal? for only from 2001 9-11! covert wars and for only willybrown got shellno pest strip's!@.
BARAC OBAMA BUSHES OPEC RAG HEAD PAWN OF UNITED NATIONS AND MAORE THAN THAT BILDERBERG BOHEEMIAN GROVES!
or B) takes it to a waste to steam plant where it will be burned for fuel to provide a utility service that is sold back to the public.
The trust would divert that funding into the research and development of alternative fuel sources to get cars and trucks off oil.
and make fuel for the future from dirty water. any water. hydrogen can be made from any source of water. even nuclear power plant water. useing high voltage
and gasoline. hydrogen can be burned directly in a engine. we can clean any water source
and make a fuel. the only byproduct of burning hydrogen is water. clean clear water. this can be done now. not later. now. tell the president to email me directly. i can fix the worldwhile correlation does not prove causation weather now is more extreme and ridiculous than it has ever been at any point
Were they wiped out by the climate change from prehistoric human use of fossil fuels? Maybe not the use of fossil fuel but some believe by humans.
And extinctions can happen for a lot of reasons some man made some evolution. until I saw the bank draft
Other breweries such as Newcastle in the UK have been spent burning grain for fuel before but mixed with wood or other fuels;
Alaskan claims to be the first brewery with an energy system powered solely by spent grain.
since the industrial revolution and the burning of fossil fuels humans are amplifying the warming and pollution.
This was due to (1) droughts in Africa (as always) and (2) increases in fuel cost.
or 2 years of the 30 year shelf life of dried grain is processed into fuel (ethenol) or animal feed...
In the ideal US grid all fossil fuel and wind/solar facilities would be replaced with 2500 nuke plants one to every 100k population.
By replacing expensive deadly and sickening destructive fossil fuels plant the rate of return on the investment to the nation as a whole in a kind of a FDR New deal would pay back at 40%per annum.
We should just burn as much fossil fuels as we'd like because change is natural. Even if that change is negative
Unlike normal state expenditures like military and bridges etc a massive nuclear build has a immediate direct return to the economy using $2500b in mass produced nuclear to replace the $800b in annual fossil fuel cost and at least $100m
In fact the construction of 2500 nukes by a federal agency like FDR's Bonneville or TVA over the same time to replace all fossil fuels would be quite feasible ending the recession
and easily adaptable to nuclear hydrogen/atmospheric CO2 as feedstock would provide liquid fuels. The effort to replace all fuel sources with nuclear would be similar to the industrial effort required to produce Liberty ships
Be nice if Obama gave the low information wind/solar/fossil fuel lobbyists now running the White house the boot
We should just burn as much fossil fuels as we'd like because change is natural. Strawman argument...
Plus they could use it as practice/tests for going to mars. It's about time the space faring governments of the world start building an infrastructure on the lunar surface that will support long term duration stays ship yards fuel generation and processing navigation stations for terrestrial navigation
The Rockefeller Brothers Fund announced that it is dropping all of its investments in fossil fuels-about $60. 2 million or 7 percent of the total $860 million endowment in favor of renewable energy.
The move will likely put wind under the wings of the fledging international fossil fuel divestment movement
-or no-carbon economic development projects such as expanding their energy generation capacity with renewables like sun and wind instead of fossil fuels.
Stop using fuel to cook our food? Saba is a researcher and organizer with the Mugal Indigenous Women s Upliftment Institute of the Asia Pacific Forum on Women Law and Development.
or eliminate their fossil fuel holdings. And they've been listening. Last week just ahead of a big private sector climate forum held alongside today's political summit a group of powerful institutional investors issued a public call for a global price on carbon.
since then to tighten up auto fuel economy standards as well as carbon regulations on new power plants and industrial facilities.
You re going to have lower fuel usage because you re not carrying around a steel exoskeleton Mathaudhu says.
Pinene*also happens to rival the properties of JP-10--a liquid rocket fuel that's widely used for commercial and military launches.
JP-10 and other energy-dense rocket fuels are derived from oil and don't come cheap. The cost of JP-10 is about $25 per gallon
Meanwhile no biofuels today can compete with traditional rocket fuels on the market. Although ethanol derived from corn for example can more or less replace gasoline even the latter
and more energetic fuel packs about 20 percent less punch per gallon than JP-10.
A breakthrough in rocket-compatible biofuel came in 2011. That's when the Navy discovered chemicals that link together or dimerize two molecules of pinene into a fuel with properties similar to JP-10.
Because leveling pine forests to extract a little pinene isn't practical however researchers have sought
With the brewing of pinene complete they used the Navy-discovered chemicals to dimerize pinene molecules into rocket-ready fuel.*
petrol smoke bat droppings bat caves some species of millipedes wild ginger roots and wild mango wood all have this smell. plã Âaeâ this means a bloody smell that attracts tigers.
Cutting releases of methane and nitrous oxide two gases that pound-for-pound trap more heat than does CO2 should be considered alongside the challenge of reducing fossil fuel use.
#oewe clearly need to reduce the burning of fossil fuels to cut CO2 emissions. But that addresses only part of the problem.
Among the largest human-related sources of methane are ruminant animals (cattle sheep goats and buffalo) and fossil fuel extraction and combustion.
and the subsequent unsustainable wood-sourcing practices in an effort to provide low-cost fuel to dry
The cellulose crystals are more difficult to break down into sugars to make liquid fuel. So let's make a product out of it building on the existing infrastructure of the pulp and paper industry.
#Ethanol blends carry hidden riskblending more ethanol into fuel to cut air pollution from vehicles carries a hidden risk that toxic
Those problems would likely occur in buildings with cracked foundations that happen to be in the vicinity of fuel spills.
The Rice study detailed this week in the American Chemical Society journal Environmental science and Technology emerges as the Environmental protection agency (EPA) prepares technical guidance for higher ratios of ethanol in fuels.
Computer simulations at Rice determined that fuel with 5 percent or less ethanol content does not rise to the level of concern
because small amounts of ethanol and benzene a toxic volatile hydrocarbon present in gasoline degrade rapidly in the presence of oxygen.
and gasoline intended for flex-fuel vehicles could increase the generation of methane. Ethanol and gasoline separate into distinct plumes as they spread underground from the site of a spill.
As liquid ethanol degrades into gaseous methane it expands driving advective flow and forcing the gas outward--and upward.
The EMF27 study shows that without policies to cut greenhouse gas emissions fossil fuels will remain the major energy source in 2100 with resulting increases in greenhouse gas emissions.
CCS is a yet-unproven technology that would remove carbon from fossil fuel or bioenergy combustion and store it underground.
because unlike solar wind and hydro power it can be converted into liquid and gaseous fuels which are easily storable
contrary to some recent claims the fossil fuel consumption that models project out to 2100 is well within the bounds of estimated recoverable reserves and resources.
or expeller pressing the oil is used then in fuel production. The defatted meal that is produced during this process is high in protein
and other liquid fuels Long said. This would complement corn ethanol since it would allow the use of land unsuited
Long and his colleagues calculated the total land area needed to produce enough Miscanthus to meet the U s. Renewable Fuel Standard mandate for cellulosic ethanol production by the year 2022.
and firewood and the mining of limestone there--used for the production of cement fertilizer
It could serve as a sustainable fossil fuel replacement. He added that although wood is currently uncompetitive with natural gas-powered boilers in certain states it could compete with other fuel sources such as oil propane and coal.
The most likely states for wood conversion currently are Maine Texas New york Florida and Georgia according to the researchers.
Continued growth of the livestock industry likely exacerbates rabies outbreaks in the region by providing an almost unlimited food source for the blood-feeding bats fueling population growth and range expansion.
Competition also increases trees'risk to bark beetles and diseases and subsequently leads to a buildup of dead fuels.
and tree density control are the most effective and efficient ways to reduce fuel buildup.
In turn this growing fuel ladder can carry a ground fire into the crowns of the overstory trees.
and a previously unknown early brick structure above it fragments of charcoal and grains of sand were tested using a combination of radiocarbon and optically stimulated luminescence techniques.
Among other possibilities the work could help in the race to meet Department of energy (DOE) standards that call for the creation by 2015 of materials that can hold 5. 5 percent of their weight in hydrogen to fuel vehicles.
Aside from storing hydrogen for fuel ZIFS show potential for size-selective catalysis environmental remediation and for use as molecular sieves.
In developing countries in particular nitrogen fertilization rates are spiraling upward driving up fossil-fuel consumption Deluca said.
which provide the fuel for new stars. The discovery may also solve a mystery of elderly galaxies.
Crafting a better enzyme cocktail to turn plants into fuel fasterscientists looking to create a potent blend of enzymes to transform materials like corn stalks
and wood chips into fuels have developed a test that should turbocharge their efforts. The new research published in October in the journal Molecular Biosystems is part of a worldwide effort to create fuels from plants that are plentiful
and aren't part of the food supply. It's possible to do this today but the process is costly laborious and lengthy.
The breakdown of large sugar polymers into smaller compounds that can then be converted further to fuel compounds is the final crucial step in the effort to make fuels from materials like switchgrass and corn stalks.
which can be converted into fuel if scientists can find ways to free the compounds that store the energy from the tough structural material known as lignocellulose
what stands between you and a tankful of fuel created from corn stalks or switchgrass.
and to subject it to a cocktail of enzymes that would convert those plants to fuel said chemist Aaron Wright who led the PNNL team.
if these fuels are to compete seriously with traditional hydrocarbon-based fuels. T. reesei chews through materials naturally cutting through the chemical wrapping much like a person with scissors cuts through a tightly wrapped ribbon around a gift freeing the inner contents for enjoyment.
It's their job to break down complex sugars into simple sugars a key step in the fuel production process.
but this project shows the fuel itself is only half the story--immense value lies within other co-product streams too.
and other agricultural feedstocks bioethanol has particular potential for use as a petrol substitute. Currently the dried distiller's grains with solubles (DDGS) generated as a co-product are sold to the cattle-feed market
By helping us to move to the next key stage of development it has brought closer the prospect of full-scale industrial use that could deliver major benefits to the emerging'green'fuel sector.*
Residents depend on the forest for wood as fuel and building material and rely on local grasses to thatch roofs
According to them from a total of 30 million tons of cereal straw produced annually in Germany between 8 and 13 million tons of it could be used sustainably for energy or fuel production.
A reduction compared to fossil fuels can be somewhere between 73 and 92 percent when using straw for the generation of heat combined heat and power generation or as second-generation biofuel production.
Those residents depend on the same forests for wood for fuel and building and grasses to thatch roofs
Until recently most studies would just take fossil-fuel emissions and land-use emissions from simple models plug them in
The GFDL model predicted changes in climate and in atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide based on fossil fuel emissions of carbon.
In fact in some regions the magnitude of carbon uptake or release due to the effects of specific animal species or groups of animals--such as the pine beetles devouring forests in western North america--can rival the impact of fossil fuel
In one case an unprecedented loss of trees triggered by the pine beetle outbreak in western North america has decreased the net carbon balance on a scale comparable to British columbia's current fossil fuel emissions.
which is the basis for superalloys used in extreme environments such as in deep-sea oil wells. By creating a computer model of that microstructure
Such failures can be life-limiting situations for a lot of materials Demkowicz says including materials used in aircraft oil wells and other critical industrial applications.
Unlike charcoal which is used primarily to produce heat biochar is used as a soil supplement in agriculture.
Besides areas surrounding coal-fired power plants petroleum refineries copper refineries and mining activities areas around industrial plants producing glass pigments inks
and fuel costs the advantages could swing even farther in the direction of electric vehicles.
If the synthetic natural gas made by the plants were used to fuel vehicles the lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions would be twice as large as from gasoline-fueled vehicles.
when the fuels are burned is balanced fully by the carbon dioxide uptake that occurs as the plants grow.
or crop fields) separately an approach that lends greater clarity about options for addressing carbon dioxide emissions from liquid fuels.
Per unit energy the carbon dioxide emissions from burning ethanol are just 2 percent lower than those from gasoline.
Corn ethanol production of 14 billion gallons supplied 4. 4 percent of total U s. transportation liquid fuel use in 2011.
However even that small share of liquid fuel supply required 45 percent of the U s. corn crop.
Biofuels are presumed the replacement for the petroleum-based transportation fuels gasoline and diesel that dominate liquid fuel use.
In the United states the federal Renewable Fuel Standard mandates a large increase in biofuels use which has reached now 16 billion gallons a year mainly ethanol.
But Decicco pointed out that a recent National Academy of Sciences report concluded that the Renewable Fuel Standard may not reduce greenhouse gas emissions at all once global impacts are counted.
Story Source: The above story is provided based on materials by University of Michigan. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.
systems for both food and fuel. Brown is working on the project through the Energy Biosciences Institute at the U of
Acid rain forms when sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides--gases produced from the burning of fossil fuels--react with water molecules in the air.
The findings suggest that the role of tropical forests in offsetting the atmospheric buildup of carbon from fossil fuels depends on tree diversity particularly in forests recovering from exploitation.
which equates to roughly 185 tons of carbon dioxide or the exhaust of some 21285 gallons of gasoline.
That much fuel would take the average car in the United states more than half a million miles. Though the legumes'nitrogen fertilizer output waned in later years the species nonetheless took up carbon at rates that were up to nine times faster than non-legume trees.
and other food crops for fuel production may raise food prices or lead to shortages of food.
and in some cases it takes a lot of fuel to collect and transport glass and the heavy materials for reuse.
In some instances the fuel may exceed the value of the recycled material. Industry data indicate that use of sustainable packaging diverted about 1. 5 billion pounds of paper plastic and other packaging material from landfills between 2005 and 2010 in the United states alone.
and the Ohio river Valley had reduced fossil fuel emissions. Similar to the post-1980 data data from the 1930s showed improved tree growth and physiology.
and resulted in cumulative reductions across the landscape equivalent to the carbon produced by burning 280 million gallons of gasoline.
The researchers hypothesize that acid rain a by-product of fossil fuel burning acidic mining runoff and agricultural fertilizers speed up the dissolving of surfaces that are naturally high in alkaline minerals.
and E coli bacteria have joined forces to turn tough waste plant material into isobutanol a biofuel that matches gasoline's properties better than ethanol.
We're hoping that biofuels made in such an efficient way can eventually replace current petroleum-based fuels said Xiaoxia Nina Lin assistant professor of chemical engineering and leader of the research.
Gallon for gallon isobutanol gives off 82 percent of the heat energy gasoline provides when burned compared to ethanol's 67 percent.
While ethanol serves as a mixer in the gasoline infrastructure today many researchers argue that isobutanol could be a replacement.
so fuel production won't drive up food costs. Lin's team used corn stalks and leaves but their ecosystem should also be able to process other agricultural byproducts and forestry waste.
The fuel is toxic but higher concentrations will drive down the cost of isolating the fuel.
We're really excited about this technology Minty said. The U s. has the potential to sustainably produce 1 billion tons
#New possibilities for efficient biofuel productionlimited availability of fossil fuels stimulates the search for different energy resources.
Lignin as a barrierto understand how plant cells can deliver fuel or plastics a basic knowledge of a plant's cell wall is needed.
#Extreme weather events fuel climate changein 2003 Central and Southern Europe sweltered in a heatwave that set alarm bells ringing for researchers.
and the soil have absorbed up to 30%of the carbon dioxide that humans have set free primarily from fossil fuels.
Now the range of that cycle is expanding as more carbon dioxide is emitted from burning fossil fuels
Methane the main component of natural gas is released from leaking pipelines coal mines oil wells cattle rice paddies and landfills.
but the increased fuel load and emissions from weed infestations could make it unfeasible. Dr Vanessa Adams says that late dry season wildfires in Australia's tropical north generate about 3%of the country's annual greenhouse gas emissions so strategic burning could be an important abatement activity.
But when native savannas are invaded by weeds such as gamba grass fuel loads are increased dramatically and fires can burn up to five times hotter than a native wildfire Dr Adams said.
As of Aug 8 this year wildfires have burned more than 2. 5 million acres in the United states. Large wildfires are driven mainly by natural factors including the availability of fuel (vegetation) wind and ignition sources from lightning and humans.
and become fuel for fires. So while it may be warmer it is the shift from snow to rain that increases fire risk said Jeff Eidenshink fire science team lead with the USGS EROS facility.
which will provide information on fire fuels active fires aerosols and climate: all pieces of the wildfire puzzle.
Hydroflourocarbons or HFCS have replaced largely CFCS as refrigerants aerosol propellants and other products. While HFCS are ozone-safe they too are powerful greenhouse gases that have become a concern as world leaders grapple with climate change.
Indeed Norris added that continuing the fossil fuel economy even for decades magnifies the period of climate instability.
An abrupt halt to fossil fuel use at current levels would limit the period of future climate instability to less than 1000 years before climate largely returns to preindustrial norms.
But if fossil fuel use stays on its current trajectory until the end of this century then the climate effects begin to resemble those of the PETM with major ecological changes lasting for 20000 years
and fuel were reallocated to directly produce food for people. To get at that question Cassidy and colleagues first mapped the extent
The world needs to unhook itself from its ever increasing reliance on synthetic nitrogen fertilisers produced from fossil fuels with its high economic costs its pollution of the environment and its high energy costs.
We reconstructed the fire history by picking charcoal fragments out of sediments preserved over thousands of years said University of Illinois doctoral student Ryan Kelly who led the study with Illinois plant biology professor Feng Sheng Hu.
The researchers looked at the charcoal and pollen content of mud collected from the bottoms of 14 deep lakes in the Yukon Flats.
A pioneering study of African savannas by the University of Edinburgh has revealed deforestation in south-central Africa driven by rising populations in the aftermath of war and increasing demand for trees for agriculture and fuel.
Scientists suggest that the situation could be alleviated by using sustainable fuel instead of charcoal and ending the practice of burning forests to support agriculture and livestock.
#Monitoring nutrient intake can help vegetarian athletes stay competitivea balanced plant-based diet provides the same quality of fuel for athletes as a meat-based diet provided vegetarians seek out other sources
Maize is at the center of global food security as increasing demands for meat fuel uses
expert saysfossil fuel companies have been funding smear campaigns that raise doubts about climate change writes John Sauven in the latest issue of Index on Censorship magazine.
when fossil fuels are burned. The researchers have used now extensive model calculations to show which levels of CO2 emissions would still be allowable
and elaborating on what children already know about different nutrition-related themes including dietary variety digestion food categories microscopic nutrients and nutrients as fuel for biological functions.
Since it's mostly local residents who chop down the trees for firewood or to build homes enlisting locals has been identified as the best way to increase forest cover.
Aylward is the lead author of a study identifying new fungal enzymes that could help break down cellulosic--or non-food--biomass for processing to fuel.
and convert it into a drop in fuel. Kling said he and his team's role in the EBI's feedstock production/agronomy program is to improve the production aspects of bioenergy crops.
This would be well-suited to smaller producers who want to generate some of their own fuel he said.
In comparison about 350 petagrams of carbon have been emitted from all fossil-fuel combustion and human activities since 1850.
Logging may have greater impact on carbon emissions than previously thoughtusing wood for energy is considered cleaner than fossil fuels
But making it releases carbon from burning fuel needed to heat a mix of limestone and clays to 1450 degrees Celsius (2642 degrees Fahrenheit)--and from the heated limestone (calcium carbonate) itself.
or lower requiring far less fuel than Portland cement. Cutting greenhouse gas emissions is one powerful incentive for finding a better way to provide the concrete the world needs;
Stronger longer-lasting modern concrete made with less fuel and less release of carbon into the atmosphere may be the legacy of a deeper understanding of how the Romans made their incomparable concrete.
In order to increase yields and output we use large amounts of fossil fuels and water we turned to large-scale industrial animal production systems and put high environmental pressure on land soils and biodiversity Krausmann points out.
and Security Act of 2007 (EISA) that by 2022 the nation derive 15 billion gallons per year of ethanol from corn to blend with conventional motor fuels according to principal investigator Pedro Alvarez the George R
The policy is based on the idea that blending ethanol into gasoline cuts harmful emissions from vehicles
The production of one liter of gasoline requires three liters of water according to the researchers.
The projected increases in water intensity due to climate change highlight the need to reevaluate the corn ethanol elements of the Renewable Fuel Standard Dominguez-Faus said.
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