3g

3g (88)
3gpp (24)
4g (35)
Gsm (35)
Umts (20)

Synopsis: Ict: Communication systems: Telecommunication: Mobile telecommunications technology: 3g:

and its context that may influence a solution. 3g (generation) organization of innovation may be more successful than 1g only.

and 3g, LTE/4g, and other mobile telephone communication protocols. V. COMPARATIVE METRICS FOR THE U s. VERSUS EUROPE Making the grid smarter requires considering all aspects of smart grids as part of the decision-making process.

3g or 4g and Wi-fi: It enables seamless handoffs and simultaneous use of multiple networks, providing the strongest and fastest connection available.

3g or 4g and Wi-fi: It enables seamless handoffs and simultaneous use of multiple networks, providing the strongest and fastest connection available.

There is a lack of implementation of new technologies such as 3g and 4g and a lack of new competitors (mobile virtual network operators, parcel operators, etc..

The in-vehicle technologies needed 3g telecommunications for the accuracy and speed of delivery to make services usable and useful

a similar problem occurred with the European 3g rollout. Moreover, the United states was the first nation to take advantage of the digital dividend from the digital TV transition.

if the pool becomes the basis for international standards (e g. as for 3g mobile with UMTS)

Plastic Logic then signed deals with AT&T to sell its 3g model and with Barnes & noble as retailer for the USA.

while the Kindle DX with 3g dropped 20%to $379. However, the company was driven to continue by the core concept-that plastics can replace silicon in transistors

For wireless broadband, the footprint of LTE and LTE-Advanced can be expected to be at least as broad in 2020 as that of 2g and 3g networks today.

For wireless broadband, the footprint of LTE and LTE-Advanced can be expected to be at least as broad in 2020 as that of 2g and 3g networks today.

and 3g wireless today. 50 This seems to imply that most remote, low density, or hard to reach locations can be served using LTE or LTE Advanced;

7 1. 6 Rural population covered by at least a 3g mobile network, 2009-2012.8 1. 7 Fibre and microwave routes,

3g subscriptions overtook 2g subscriptions in 2010 and 3g growth is flattening. In developing countries, the large majority of subscriptions are still 2g,

but 3g is growing rapidly and will overtake 2g subscriptions in a few years. 4g4 services came onto the market only recently

Data on 3g population coverage are less available. According to ITU estimates, global 3g population coverage stood at around 50 per cent by end 2012,

and there were still sizeable ruralurban gaps. Rural population coverage ranged from 100 per cent in the Gulf countries of United arab emirates

as more and more countries are deploying 3g+technologies and services, and given the strong growth in mobile-broadband subscriptions.

3g 4g%1g 2g 3g 4g%0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Developing countries Chapter

Rural population covered by at least a 3g mobile network, 2009-2012 Source: Partnership (2014) based on ITU data.

Percentage of rural population covered by at least a 3g mobile network 2012 or 2011 Percentage of rural population covered by at least a 3g mobile network 2010 Percentage of rural population covered by at least a 3g mobile network 2009 0000000000001 5 11 31 32 32343638 41

42 42 46 50 50 50 55 555860616365 68 69 69 77 77 7778818486 87 88 8889 90 9092 93

Fixedbroadband and wireless-broadband penetration stand at top levels at 38 per cent and 105 per cent, respectively (see Chart 2. 1). The Republic of korea was the first country to offer 3g services

By early 2013, virtually all (96 per cent) of EU citizens were covered by a 3g signal and 26 per cent of the population was covered by an LTE network. 12 Denmark,

High increases in wireless-broadband subscriptions can be seen in countries that were late adopters of 3g technology.

In the Republic of the Congo, 3g was launched in late 2011 by Airtel Congo, and the entry of a second operator (MTN Congo) is reflected in a significant increase in penetration rate from 2 per cent in 2012 to 11 per cent in 2013 (Agence de Régulation des Postes

and by 2013 operator CVMOVEL had expanded 3g services to all the islands of the archipelago. 23 Bhutan is one of the most dynamic countries in the use sub-index, moving up eight places.

major developments took place in 2013 that helped to boost penetration from only 2. 5 per cent in 2012 to 16 per cent in 2013 (see Chart 2. 3). Bhutan Telecom expanded its 3g services,

The launch of 3g was anticipated much in Thailand, following the long delay in the auctioning of 3g licences.

In December 2012, licences were awarded finally to three Thai operators, 34 providing high-speed mobile Internet connectivity to users.

While many developing countries saw important increases in their use sub-index value following the introduction of 3g services in 2012/2013,

On the other hand, 3g mobilecellular coverage was comparatively low for 0123456789 10 0 10000 20000 30000 40000 50000 60000 GNI p. c. USD) r=0. 775 IDI

/and http://wacscable. com/index. jsp. 23 http://www. cvmovel. cv/nacional-gsm-3g-edge-e-gprs. 24 http://www. telecomasia

. net/content/bhutan-telecom-expand-3g-network. 25 http://www. tashigroup. bt/?/p=1058 and http://www. kuenselonline. com/tashicell-goes-3g/#.

/#U4rlg3ksx8e. 26 http://www. kuenselonline. com/530-increase-in-mobile-broadband-users/#./#U4rsghksx8e. 27 Purchased capacity.

While 3g networks are continuing to be built and expanded across the region, numerous countries saw some important increases in penetration from 2012 to 2013.

In Burkina faso, 3g was launched finally in 2013, reaching a penetration of 9 per cent by end 2013.

as 3g licences were awarded finally to three Algerian operators by end 2013.10 Penetration is also extremely low in Yemen (0. 3 per cent),

In Thailand, where 3g was launched very late, wireless-broadband penetration went up from 11 per cent in 2012 to more than 50 per cent in 2013.

(I. R.)Lao P. D. R. Afghanistan Myanmarpakistan Bangladesh 95 Measuring the Information Society Report 2014 household penetration of 50 per cent and a 3g penetration

The Russian Federation was one of the first countries in the region to launch 3g services in 2007.21 Since then,

In Albania, the incumbent operator launched its 3g services in early 2013, increasing competition in the market. 25 Operators in Slovakia and Romania have extended

or further extended 3g coverage in 2013, spurring growth in the mobile sector. The United states has the highest wirelessbroadband penetration, at 94 per cent by end Chart 3. 13:

The higher the CV, the greater the dispersion in the variable. 3 http://www. cvmovel. cv/nacional-gsm-3g-edge-e-gprs. 4 http://www. telegeography

n=4392ef47-A715-496f-BF1D-A0ee8b74d0e7&d=20140128.10 http://www. telecompaper. com/news/algeria-awards-3g-licences-to-all-three-bidders--972965.11

/the-eagle-has landed-incumbent-swoopsinto-3g-sector/./26 Data reported by the country refer to 2012.27 http://www. verizonwireless. com/wcms/consumer/4g lte. html

This compares with a global 3g coverage of around 50 per cent by end 2012

around 50 per cent of the global population are covered by a 3g network, and this figure will grow as more and more mobilebroadband networks are deployed, until eventually 3g coverage approaches mobilecellular coverage (93 per cent).

As 3g networks become ubiquitous and therefore accessible to most of the population, affordability will be one of the most decisive factors for actual uptake of mobile broadband.

The dynamism of the mobile-broadband market is reflected also in prices. Unlike the fixedbroadband market, where price structures are fairly homogenous across countries and stable in time,

This reflects the early launch of 3g services in Europe28 and the maturity achieved in the mobilebroadband market, with a mobile-broadband penetration of 57 per cent by end 2013, the highest of all regions.

and for Orange Côte d'ivoire mobilebroadband plans, see http://www. orange. ci/menu-mobile-3g/pass-internet-3g. html. 28 The UMTS auctions took place in 2000 and 2001

where 3g licences were awarded in 2000. In most developing countries on the other hand, 3g licences were granted not until much later.

In large emerging countries such as China and India, for instance, 3g licences were awarded in 2009 and 2010, respectively.

See for instance Xia (2011) and India's Department of Telecommunication press release: http://www. dot. gov. in/as/Auction%20of%20spectrum%20for3g%20&%20bwa/Auction%20results/3g auction -Final results. pdf. 29 For example, outflows of profits generated by a multinational operating

and duration of services used and the technology used, for example, for the mobile network (2g, 3g, etc.).

and model and type of technology (2g, 3g, LTE) employed. Mobile network operators can use the IMEI number to identify the specific mobile handset being used by a subscriber,

network Duration of use Applicable charges Handset type Technology utilized (2g, 3g, DSL/ADSL, etc.

Mobile operators are able to provide information not only on the different technologies (3g LTE-Advanced, etc.

The technology used (2g, 3g, etc..The most common use of such data is for basic billing purposes,

but the user has chosen to connect only to 3g networks, the handset will always connect to an antenna that supports 3g,

even if it is further away. Despite these location errors or limitations that can occur in analyses using such passive location data

parts of it can reveal information on the handset make and model, type of technology (e g. 2g, 3g, LTE),

Xia, J. 2011), The third-generation-mobile (3g) policy and deployment in China: Current status, challenges,

or equal to, 512 Kbps. 15) Rightel (Tamin Telecom) has been given license to operate 3g services and started services from February 2011 (http://www. rightel. ir/).

Mobility is encouraged also by the high availability of 3g mobile coverage (96) %and the most recent fast development of LTE coverage, driving fixed to mobile substitution.

and operators are prudent in coverage plans (Romania has good 3g coverage but below average for 4g).

0, 92%a través de WIMAX, el 0, 78%a través de 3g y el 0, 41%restante puede acogerse a la solución

De las empresas con acceso a Internet el 34,3%es mediante telefonía móvil de Banda ancha (módem 3g.

The technologies used the most were access via DSL solutions (90.4%)and 3g or 4g mobile phones (74.2%).

78.3 76.1 89.8 95.3-By means of 3g or 4g modem 55.0 51.1 73.7 88.6-By means of Mobile 3g or 4g 74.2 71.7 86.4 92.4

and operators thanks to the success of novel, extremely practical smartphones, portable computers with easy-to-use 3g USB modems and attractive business models.

it is not strange that the central anchors remained in place in 3g and beyond. Progress of mobile and wireless communication systems introduced some fundamental changes.

In 3g UMTS architectures centralized and hierarchical mobility anchors are Flat Architectures: Towards Scalable Future Internet Mobility 43 implemented by the RNC, SGSN and GGSN nodes that handle traffic forwarding tasks using the apparatus of GPRS Tunneling Protocol (GTP.

Some of the above solutions are standardized already 12 13 33 for 3g and beyond 3g architectures where the introduced architectural evolution is in progress:

EUTRAN (Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network) or LTE (Long term Evolution) base stations (enodebs) became distributed in a flatter scheme allowing almost complete distribution of radio

A Distributed IP Mobility Approach for 3g SAE. In: Proc. of 19th PIMRC, ISBN: 978-1-4244-2643-0 (Sept. 2008) 36.

Therefore we believe that a more promising initial scenario is an end user that accesses content, via wireless LAN and 3g, from a provider that controls both end user devices and content servers 26 for example,

a key requirement for systems beyond 3g. In: VTC 2005-Spring, IEEE 61st Vehicular Technology Conference (2005) 4. Hovav, A.,Patnayakuni, R.,Schuff, D.:

This includes both analog and digital cellular systems (IMT-2000, Third Generation, 3g) and 4g subscriptions,

or most recent This variable measures the degree of liberalization in 19 categories of ICT services, including 3g telephony, retail Internet access services, international long distance calls,

This includes both analog and digital cellular systems (IMT-2000, Third Generation, 3g) and 4g subscriptions,

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