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Leporello_EN_20131202.pdf

Research, Development & Innovation in Hungary This publication was made under the auspices of the National Innovation Oice, Department of RDI Observatory. National Innovation Oice is not liable for any consequences resulting from using this analysis for any purpose whatsoever. The report, together with any data and indicators published therein, can be downloaded from the Kaleidoszkóp website: http://kaleidoszkop. nih. gov. hu/en Editing closed: 1 oct 2013 w w w. k a l e i d o s z k o p. n i h. g o v. h u/e n 3 What is RDI? Research and development (R&d: Research and experimental development (R&d) comprise creative work undertaken on a systematic basis in order to increase the stock of knowledge, including knowledge of humanity, culture and society, and the use of this stock of knowledge to devise new application. R&d is characterized by the following fundamental elements: creation, novelty, adoption of scientiic methods, creation of new knowledge. Types of R&d are: basic research, applied research, experimental development. Innovation: A word of Latin origin. Points to something new, something's renewal or alteration. Innovation can be: developing a new product (production of new kinds of consumer goods and services), introduction of a new production process (or transportation method), entering into a new market, or using new allocation methods, using new raw material, or inventing a new business model, establishing a new enterprise's or industrial organisation. R&d unit: Every enterprise, organisation is an R&d unit, whose main activity is R&d or the company's R&d is connected to its main activity, and its R&d activity is conducted by its own employees and its own infrastructure. R&d expenditure: It includes the total amount of current costs and capital expenditure, from any kind of domestic or foreign sources and irrespective of the fact whether the inancial source was assigned originally for research, development or any other purpose. R&d current costs are composed of labour costs and other current costs excluding depreciation. Capital expenditure is composed of expenditure on land and buildings, instruments, equipment and computer software. Sources: Hungarian Central Statistical Oice (HCSO; Investment in the future: National Research, Development and Innovation Strategy (2013 2020) 4 w w w. n i h. g o v. h u/e n g l i s h How is financed R&d? Sources of R&d expenditure(%of GDP; 1991 2012) 2008 2012 From the end of the 1990s, R&d expenditure inanced by business enterprise started to grow: lately this tendency has been intensiied. R&d expenditure proportional to the GDP has grown by 30 %since 2008 and reached the highest level of the last twenty years in 2012. Source: HCSO, 2013.1,4%1. 2%1. 0%0. 8%0. 6%0. 4%0. 2%0. 0%1. 0%0. 8 %0. 6%0. 4%0. 2%0. 0%R+D expenditure/GDP 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Non-proit Abroad Government Business enterprises w w w . k a l e i d o s z k o p. n i h. g o v. h u/e n 5 Western Transdanubia Central Transdanubia Southern Transdanubia Southern Great Plain Northern Great Plain Northern Hungary 31.6 billion HUF 12.6 billion HUF 27.3 billion HUF 17.3 billion HUF 16.9 billion HUF 27.1 billion HUF How much is spent on R&d in Hungary? R&d expentiture by regions Lately, the concentration of R&d expenditure decreased, but it is still high: out of every 100 HUF 59 is used in Budapest. The predominance of the region is even larger in the government sector: of the government R&d expenditure is used in the Central Hungary region. Central Hungary: 225.4 billion HUF All the other regions: 132.8 billion HUF 0 50 100 150 200 250 billion HUF Business enterprises Government Higher education Data is for 2012. Source: The National Innovation Oice RDI Observatory's own calculations based on HCSO, 2013 data. 225.4 billion HUF81 12.5 39.2 157.6 40 27.8 6 w w w. n i h. g o v. h u/e n g l i s h How much is spent on R&d in the EU? R&d expenditure per capita in the EU R&d expenditure per capita in Hungary (120.6 euro) is 1/4 of the EU average, but it is higher than the average of the newly joined member states. 30.7 29.3 76.2 Croatia Romania Bulgaria 74.2 Poland 325.9 Italy 120.1 Greece 240.4 Portugal 307.3 Spain 120.6 Hungary 901.4 Germany Newly joined member states €/capita 450 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 500 Slovenia Estonia Czech republic Hungary Malta Cyprus New members (EU13) average Lithuania Slovakia Croatia Poland Latvia Romania Bulgaria 120.6 96.9 611.8 Ireland 690.6 France 1 187.5 Luxemburg 690 Belgium 1 337.4 Danmark 1 389 Sweden 1 332.7 Finland 495.9 UK 983.2 Austria 436.2 Slovenia273 Czech republic 282.8 Estonia 63.1 Latvia 87 Lithuania 86.2 Slovakia 738 Netherlands 113.4 Malta 102.6 Cyprus Data is for 2011. Source: The National Innovation Oice RDI Observatory's own calculations based on Eurostat, 2013 data. €/fo 1000 600 999 100 599 0 99 510.5 European union average €/capita w w w. k a l e i d o s z k o p. n i h. g o v . h u/e n 7 From what sources the enteprises finance their R&d? R&d expenditure by size of the enterprises The large enterprises spend 30%more on R&d, compared to all the SMES. The smaller an enterprise is, the bigger the share of the governmental and the smaller that of the foreign sources'are in their R&d expenditure. Large enterprises Micro sized enterprises and SMES 0 50 100 150 billion HUF 56.8 30.9 13.7 98.9 5. 5 28.4 Medium sized enterprises Micro sized enterprises Small enterprises 30.5 8. 5 8. 4 1. 2 7. 1 7. 9 4. 1 15.2 18.4 05 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 billion HUF Data is for 2012. Source: The National Innovation Oice RDI Observatory's own calculations based on HCSO, 2013 data. Business Government Abroad enterprises 8 w w w. n i h. g o v. h u/e n g l i s h How much is R&d spending per researcher? Some sector's R&d expenditure per researcher The R&d expenditure per researcher is the highest in the pharmaceutical sector. However, other sectors considered to have large shares of GDP (such as manufacture of transport equipments and information and communication services) are below the national average in this respect. 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 1050 million HUF per researcher Manufacture of pharmaceuticals, medicinal chemical and botanical products Manufacture of rubber and plastics products, and other nonmetallic mineral products Manufacture of basic metals and fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment Human health services Manufacture of machinery and equipment n e c. Manufacture of electrical equipment Manufacture of transport equipment Manufacture of chemicals and chemical products Manufacture of computer electronic and optical products Information and communication NATIONAL ECONOMY'S Average Data is for 2012. Source: The National Innovation Oice RDI Observatory's own calculations based on HCSO, 2013 data. 41.7 25.9 22.2 20.4 18.2 16.2 16.2 16.0 12.0 9. 7 8. 3 R&d expenditure per researcher (million HUF) w w w. k a l e i d o s z k o p. n i h. g o v. h u/e n 9 What is the share of the foreign owned enterprises in R&d? Corporate sector research units and number of researchers at Hungarian and foreign owned enterprises Number of research units (1 583 total) foreign 13.9%76.2%9 . 9%Hungarian Hungarian unknown r&d personnel (14 742 total) foreign 50.9%44.5%4. 6%unknown more than half of the researchers work at foreign owned enterprises. There are nearly ive times more Hungarian owned research units in the corporate sector than foreign owned. Hungarian research units employ an average of ive researchers; a foreign owned research unit employs six times more. Data is for 2012. Source: The National Innovation Oice RDI Observatory's own calculations based on HCSO, 2013 data. average Number of researchers capita/research unit 5. 4 Hungarian owned corporate research units 34.1 foreign owned corporate research units 10 w w w. n i h. g o v. h u/e n g l i s h How many researchers can be found in Hungary? FTE*number of researchers by county380 226 763 38 60 54 47 12 100 16 Budapest 162 7393 4120 2612 Szabolcs-Szatmár -Bereg Hajdú-Bihar Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén Nógrád Heves Pest Békés Csongrád Bács-Kiskun Baranya Tolna Fejér Komárom -Gyor-Moson-Esztergom Sopron Vas Veszprém Zala Somogy 33 13 21 43 25 44 52 9 60 111 7 109 112 5 73 144 9 52 183 18 20 194 93 513319 107 27 323 41 76 348 76 309 358 27 214 450 159 626 477 59 131 661 208 151 more than half of the nation's all researchers work in budapest. Their most signiicant employer is the business enterprise sector. In Baranya Csongrád and Hajdú-Bihar counties because of academic research in their universities the number of researchers is high. 7393 4120 Budapest 14125 capita (FTE) Apart from Budapest 8894 capita (FTE) Business enterprise sector Higher education sector Institutional sector 0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000 16000 4380 1151 3363 capita (fte) 2612*FTE: Full-time equivalent Data is for 2011. Source: The National Innovation Oice RDI Observatory's own calculations based on HCSO, 2012 data. w w w. k a l e i d o s z k o p. n i h. g o v. h u/e n 11 Where are the corporate R&d units? Corporate sector research units and number of researchers by county In Budapest there are almost as many corporate sector research units as in all the other parts of the country: almost 2/3 of the researchers are work in the capital. It is remarkable, that in the eastern counties the number of corporate sector research units are 15%higher than in the western ones. 18 21 11 28 12 13 21 25 55 54 41 50 58 72 67 71 107 145 Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén Heves Hajdú-Bihar Nógrád Pest Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok Békés Csongrád Bács-Kiskun Baranya Tolna Fejér Komárom-Esztergom Gyor-Moson-Sopron Veszprém Vas Zala Somogy Data is for 2012. Source: The National Innovation Oice RDI Observatory's own calculations based on HCSO, 2013 data. Budapest 0 30 31 60 61 90 91 29 685 Numbers of research units (pc) apart from Budapest898 12 w w w. n i h . g o v. h u/e n g l i s h Innovation=money?!Income per employee of innovative and non-innovative enterprises in Hungary the average income per employee of enterprises with both technological and non-technological innovations*is two times higher than that of their non-innovative competitors . €/capita 250 200 150 100 50 0 Data is for 2010. Source: Eurostat, 2012. CIS Community Innovation Survey: the survey is fully comprehensive for the companies working with more than 100 employees in the industry and service sectors, and based on a sample in respect of the ones working with less then 100 (but min. 10) employees. Innovative enterprises according to diferent aspects 217.7 €/capita Non-innovative enterprises 101.3 €/capita*The company introduced both technological and non-technological innovations to the market. Technological innovation is the introduction of a new or signiicantly improved product (or service) to the activity of the enterprise. Non-technological innovation is a new kind of marketing method or a new organizational structure. w w w. k a l e i d o s z k o p. n i h. g o v. h u/e n 13 is determined innovation by size? Share of innovative enterprises in Hungary and in the EU the larger an enterprise is, the greater the chance of it is being innovative. In Hungary one-quarter of the small enterprises are innovative, which number is almost two times higher if we consider the medium sized enterprises. Furthermore, seven out of ten Hungarian large enterprises are active in innovation. hungary eu average Innovative enterprises Non-innovative enterprises Small enterprises Medium sized enterprises Large enterprises Data is for 2010. Source: Eurostat, CIS, 2012 74%51%35%21%54%26%30%49%65%79%46%70%14 w w w. n i h. g o v. h u/e n g l i s h What is the result of R&d? Number of international patent applications*per one billion euro of R&d expenditure in hungary every 5. 9 million euro of r&d expenditure resulted in one international patent application, which places the country in the middle of the range of the EU countries.**The patent ensures legal protection of inventions. The owner of invention has an exclusive right to exploit the solution of invention. The patent protection is valid up to 20 years started from the day on that the patent application was iled and solely in the countries where the protection was granted. France Belgium Finland Latvia Slovenia UK hungary Denmark Poland Ireland Spain Luxemburg Czech republic Slovakia Romania Croatia Lithuania Portugal Germany Netherlands Estonia Sweden Italy Malta Austria Cyprus Data is for 2010. Source: Eurostat, 2012. Total number of patent applications by billion EUR of total R&d expenditure (GERD) € w w w. k a l e i d o s z k o p . n i h. g o v. h u/e n 15 hungary has the highest summary innovation index (sii) among the newly joined members (EU13. Source: European Commisssion, 2013.126.1 Germany 96 Hungary 77.6 Poland 106.7 France 87.4 Spain 94.6 Italy 112.8 UK 102.8 Netherlands 89 Czech republic 92.8 Slovenia 90.3 Cyprus 84.3 Estonia 96.4 Austria 81 Slovakia 103.1 Belgium 127.5 Sweden 117.9 Finland 119.7 Denmark 124.8 Ireland 83.9 Greece 74.3 Portugal 72.1 Latvia 65.9 Lithuania 81.5 Romania 64.9 Bulgaria 120.7 Luxemburg 83.5 Malta 76.6 Croatia Where stands Hungary in the innovation field? The Summary Innovation Index, 2011 proportional to the EU average in 2010. Newly joined member states 100 90 80 70 60 50 Hungary slovenia Cyprus Czech rebublic estonia malta romania slovakia poland Croatia Latvia Lithuania Bulgaria*Summary Innovation Index: a calculated complex index, based on the following indicators: applications for patent per GDP; the proportion of those working in the knowledge-based industries and its competitiveness, and the emloyment of the fast-growing enterprises of the innovative industries. 60 80 81 90 91 110 111 130 The SII*,2011 proportional to the EU average in 2010 16 w w w. n i h. g o v. h u/e n g l i s h Considering the ERC*program of the EU, hungary is the irst among the newly joined members, in respect of the awarded grants and subsidies between 2010 and 2012.**The European Research Council (ERC) is part of the EU's Seventh R&d Framework Programme (FP7. The ERC has been established by the Council of europe in February of 2007. In the period 2007-2013 the ERC has the budget of 7. 5 billion Euro. In the Horizon 2020 (for the period 2014-2020) this source will rise. 1 9 10 59 60 129 130 340 number of awarded grants 1086420 pcs Newly joined member states other eu13 countries: no awarded grants 216 Germany 10 Hungary 2 Turkey 7 Poland 213 France 80 Spain 78 Italy 75 Israel 330 United kingdom 125 Netherlands 2 Czech republic 1 Slovenia 1 Cyprus 1 Estonia 40 Austria 1 Slovakia 88 Switzerland 60 Belgium 56 Sweden 13 Norway 23 Finland 29 Denmark 16 Ireland 11 12 Greece Portugal Source: ERC, 2013 How do our researchers perform in Europe? Participation in ERC*projects (2010-2012) 0 no awarded grants Hungary poland Czech republic estonia slovakia Cyprus slovenia 17 National Innovation Office main activities of the National Innovation oice are as follows: RDI strategic analysis and planning provides innovation management services operates the Kaleidoszkóp system, a comprehensive register of domestic RDI actors is involved in the development and application of RDI policy coordinates and facilitates international RDI cooperation attracts foreign investments to Hungary harmonises international and EU RDI policies coordinates bilateral scientiic and technological cooperation provides SME-support activities provides easier access to domestic RDI results for market players supports research-related cooperation and promotes networking between RDI players boosts the innovation activity of SMES tel.:++36 1 484 2500 fax:++36 1 318 7998 e-mail: info@nih. gov. hu Web: www. nih. gov. hu National Innovation Oice (NIH) is the governmental body responsible for research, development and technological innovation. 18 Kaleidoszkóp Kaleidoszkóp's main objectives: promote networking within the RDI sector assist facts-based decision-making assist national and international statistical activity provides solid foundations for RDI strategy-making Kaleidoszkóp's services: generic and speciic sectorial RDI analyses and statistics information analysis based on qualitative data sources information on public funded RDI projects maintaining register of Hungarian research infrastructure facilities map-based search engine of RDI organisations and businesses inding project partners and mapping project opportunities Kaleidoszkóp (the name refers to the multifaceted nature of RDI) is the name of the information system used by the National Innovation Oice. Kaleidoszkóp's objective is to create an integrated RDI database of the relevant institutions and companies of the sector, as well as data and analyses supporting RDI policy related decision-making. Kaleidoszkóp is operated by the National Innovation Oice RDI Observatory Department. Kaleidoszkóp's homepage: www. kaleidoszkop. nih. gov. hu/en www. nih. gov. hu/english www. kaleidoszkop. nih. gov. hu/en

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